A rapid slagging device for small-section tunnel drilling and blasting excavation and a working method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a quick slag discharging device for small-section tunnel drilling and blasting excavation and a working method thereof, and relates to the technical field of material stacking and separating, which comprises a slag collecting box, wherein a loading chamber for loading the broken stones generated after the blasting of a tunnel face by the drilling and blasting method is arranged on the slag collecting box; a plurality of steel plates are arranged at the edges of the loading chamber and are rotationally connected with the slag collecting box; and each steel plate can be rotationally locked at a set angle. The application can shield the splashed broken stones by the shielding area formed by the plurality of steel plates, so as to prevent the broken stones generated by the explosion from scattering to other areas and thus prevent the phenomenon of hindering the movement of the slag collecting box. Specifically, the slag collecting box is directly pushed to move to the area where the tunnel face is located, and then all the steel plates are driven to rotate at a set angle and are locked. At this time, all the steel plates are combined to form the shielding area. Once the tunnel face is blasted, part of the splashed broken stones will enter the loading chamber, and the other part will impact the steel plates and slide into the loading chamber along the steel plates.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tunnel drill-and-blast excavation, in particular to a rapid residue discharging device for small-section tunnel drill-and-blast excavation and a working method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Drill-and-blast method is a method of cyclically excavating rock through drilling, charging and blasting, which is commonly used for tunnel excavation, especially for the construction of domestic railway and highway mountain tunnels. In the cycle of drill-and-blast method construction process, the debris after blasting needs to be transported outside the tunnel for the next cycle of drill-and-blast method.

[0003] In the prior art, such as the patent document with application number CN202110431024.2, a residue discharging method for tunnel construction by drill-and-blast method is disclosed, which uses a residue loading box group arranged at the landing point of the debris thrown after blasting at the working face, so that most of the debris flying to the ground landing point after blasting falls directly into the covered area of the residue loading box group, thereby greatly reducing or even eliminating the cleaning process of the debris on the ground by excavating machinery and loaders. The residue loading box group is low in cost and can be reused, thus greatly saving the time cost and construction cost of the residue loading process in the entire tunnel excavation process.

[0004] However, the technical solution disclosed in the above patent document has limitations in operation, because when blasting, there is no shielding around the working face, and once the working face explodes, the debris generated by the explosion will not only fall into the residue loading box group, but also scatter to other areas (such as the ground or the transportation route of the residue loading box group, etc.), and the debris scattered to other areas is easy to hinder the movement of the residue loading box group. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to provide a rapid residue discharging device for small-section tunnel drill-and-blast excavation and a working method thereof to solve the problems raised in the background.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present application specifically provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A rapid residue discharging device for small-section tunnel drill-and-blast excavation, comprising

[0008] a residue collecting box having a loading chamber for loading the debris generated after blasting at the working face;

[0009] a plurality of steel plates, all of which are arranged at the edge of the loading chamber and are rotationally connected with the residue collecting box, and each steel plate can be rotated to a set angle and then locked;

[0010] When each steel plate is turned to a set angle above the loading chamber, all the steel plates are combined to form a shielding area, one side of the shielding area close to the working face has an opening for guiding the rock into the loading chamber, and the shielding area can shield the rock splashed out of the loading chamber.

[0011] As a preferred scheme of the present application, the slag collecting box comprises a base, the loading chamber is arranged in the base, and a chain plate conveyor is arranged in the loading chamber, which can spread the rock in the loading chamber;

[0012] The steel plate comprises two lateral plates and a front plate, the two lateral plates are arranged at the two length direction sides of the base, and the front plate is arranged at the width direction side of the end of the base away from the working face.

[0013] The lateral plate and the front plate are connected with the base through a hinge shaft.

[0014] As a preferred scheme of the present application, the height of the shielding area is at least 1 / 2 of the working face.

[0015] As a preferred scheme of the present application, a blocker arranged in the tunnel is arranged at the bottom of the slag collecting box, which is used for guiding the slag collecting box to be close to or away from the working face.

[0016] As a preferred scheme of the present application, the blocker comprises a steel frame arranged in the tunnel, and a plurality of drag-reducing rods are arranged in a straight line array on the steel frame.

[0017] The sidewall of the base is provided with an anti-skid device for locking the position of the base, and the anti-skid device can slide to the side close to or away from the steel frame along the sidewall of the base.

[0018] As a preferred scheme of the present application, the anti-skid device comprises a pushing slide strip sleeved on the sidewall of the base, the pushing slide strip can be locked by a fixing member after being slid to a position on the sidewall of the base, the sidewall of the base is provided with a limiting groove for limiting the pushing slide strip, and the sidewall of the pushing slide strip is provided with a plurality of insertion members, each of which can be inserted between adjacent drag-reducing rods.

[0019] As a preferred scheme of the present application, the insertion member comprises a pair of deflection strips rotatably connected to the side of the pushing slide strip close to the steel frame, an expansion block is arranged at the end of the deflection strip away from the pushing slide strip, two driving grooves are arranged on the expansion block and correspond to the two deflection strips, a bolt pressing column is arranged in each driving groove, the bolt pressing column is slidably connected with the deflection strip, and the bolt pressing column can lock the position of the deflection strip after the deflection strip is deflected by a set angle.

[0020] As a preferred scheme of the present application, a clamping arc groove is arranged on the surface of the deflection strip.

[0021] To solve the above technical problems, the application further provides a working method of the quick residue discharging device for small-section tunnel drill-and-blast excavation, comprising the following steps:

[0022] S1. driving the residue collecting box into the tunnel to the position where the tunnel face is located, and driving the opening of the shielding area to align with the tunnel face;

[0023] S1. guiding the tunnel face blasting;

[0024] S1. blocking the rock debris generated after blasting by the steel plates to guide the rock debris splashing out of the loading chamber into the loading chamber.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] The application can shield the splashing rock debris by the shielding area formed by multiple steel plates to prevent the rock debris generated by blasting from scattering to other areas to prevent the phenomenon of hindering the movement of the residue collecting box. Specifically, the residue collecting box is directly pushed to move to the area where the tunnel face is located, and then all the steel plates are driven to rotate by a set angle and locked. At this time, all the steel plates are combined to form a shielding area. After the tunnel face is blasted, part of the splashing rock debris will enter the loading chamber, and part of the rock debris will impact the steel plates and slide into the loading chamber along the steel plates. After completing the rock debris loading operation, the residue can also be automatically transferred, and the residue discharging does not occupy the straight-line construction period. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only exemplary, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from the provided drawings without creative labor.

[0028] Figure 1 The figure is a structure schematic diagram of the chain conveyor in the embodiment of the application;

[0029] Figure 2 The figure is a structure schematic diagram of the forward plate in the embodiment of the application;

[0030] Figure 3 The figure is a structure schematic diagram of the buckle in the embodiment of the application;

[0031] Figure 4 The figure is a structure schematic diagram of the blocker in the embodiment of the application;

[0032] Figure 5 The figure is a structure schematic diagram of the anti-skid device in the embodiment of the application;

[0033] Figure 6 A structure diagram in the A of Figure 5 .

[0034] The reference signs in the drawings represent the following respectively:

[0035] 1, side plate; 2, front plate; 3, buckle; 4, chain plate conveyor; 5, hinge shaft; 6, steel frame; 7, drag-reducing rod; 8, working face; 9, base; 10, clamping arc groove; 11, slag collecting box; 12, steel plate; 13, opening; 14, blocker; 15, anti-skid device; 16, pushing slide; 17, limiting groove; 18, insert; 19, deflection strip; 20, expansion block; 21, driving groove; 22, bolt pressure column. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0037] As shown in Figures 1-6 , the present application provides a rapid slag discharging device for small cross-section tunnel drilling and blasting excavation and a working method thereof.

[0038] Specifically, the rapid slag discharging device for small cross-section tunnel drilling and blasting excavation comprises

[0039] The slag collecting box 11 has a loading chamber for loading the broken stones generated after blasting of the working face 8;

[0040] A plurality of steel plates 12, all of which are arranged at the edges of the loading chamber and rotationally connected with the slag collecting box 11, each of which can be rotationally locked at a set angle (the locking mode can refer to Figure 3 );

[0041] When each of the steel plates 12 is rotationally locked at a set angle above the loading chamber, all of the steel plates 12 combine to form a shielding area, one side of the shielding area close to the working face 8 has an opening 13 for guiding the broken stones into the loading chamber, and the shielding area can shield the broken stones splashing out of the loading chamber.

[0042] The present application can shield the splashing broken stones by the shielding area formed by the plurality of steel plates 12, so as to prevent the broken stones generated by blasting from scattering to other areas and thus preventing the movement of the slag collecting box 11, specifically, directly pushing the slag collecting box 11 to move to the area where the working face 8 is located, and then driving all of the steel plates 12 to rotationally lock at a set angle (the specific angle can refer to Figure 3At this time, all the steel plates 12 combine to form a shielding area, and after the blasting of the working face 8, part of the splashed rock enters the loading chamber, and part of the rock impacts the steel plates 12 and slides along the steel plates 12 into the loading chamber.

[0043] In the present application, the splashed rock is mostly divided into two parts, i.e., a part with a small splashing angle and capable of entering the loading chamber, and a part with a large splashing angle and easy to fly out of the loading chamber.

[0044] In order to enable the rock to gather in the shielding area, the slag collecting box 11 comprises a base 9, and the loading chamber is arranged in the base 9, and the chain plate conveyor 4 is arranged in the loading chamber, and the chain plate conveyor 4 can flatten the rock in the loading chamber.

[0045] The steel plates 12 comprise two lateral plates 1 and a front plate 2, the two lateral plates 1 are arranged at the lengthwise sides of the base 9, and the front plate 2 is arranged at the widthwise side of the base 9 away from the working face 8.

[0046] The lateral plates 1 and the front plate 2 are connected with the base 9 through the hinge shafts 5.

[0047] In the present embodiment, the steel plates 12 are provided with buckles 3, and the buckles 3 can be fixed by referring to Figure 3 , and the buckles 3 can be fixed by the metal frame, and the buckles 3 can be selected from the metal buckles in the prior art, and the buckles 3 can be fixed by cooperating with bolts, and thus, the fixing will not be described in detail.

[0048] Meanwhile, the sidewall of the base 9 can be provided with a winding column, and when the steel plates 12 are laid flat (for example, the front plate 2 in Figure 1 ), the steel plates 12 can be fixed by ropes, and the winding column can be arranged by referring to Figure 1 or Figure 6 , wherein Figures 1-3 is a first arrangement of the winding column, Figures 4-6 is a second arrangement of the winding column.

[0049] When the rock falls into the loading chamber, the chain plate conveyor 4 will operate and flatten the rock in the loading chamber.

[0050] The height of the shielding area is at least 1 / 2 of the height of the working face 8. Such an arrangement is to enable the rock to fully enter the loading chamber and not to fly out of the steel plates 12.

[0051] Preferably, the slag collecting box 11 is provided with a blocking device 14 laid in the tunnel, which is used to guide the slag collecting box 11 to approach or move away from the tunnel face 8. The blocking device 14 comprises a steel frame 6 laid in the tunnel, and a plurality of drag-reducing rods 7 are arranged in a straight line on the steel frame 6; the sidewall of the base 9 is provided with an anti-skid device 15 for locking the position of the base 9, and the anti-skid device 15 can slide along the sidewall of the base 9 towards the side close to or away from the steel frame 6.

[0052] When the base 9 needs to enter the tunnel, the base 9 can be directly driven to slide along the surface of the plurality of drag-reducing rods 7 (the combination of the plurality of drag-reducing rods 7 is similar to the existing roller conveying mechanism, which is arranged to reduce the friction of the base 9), and the base 9 can be stopped when the opening 13 approaches or abuts against the tunnel face 8. Then, the anti-skid device 15 is pushed to slide towards the side close to the steel frame 6, so that the anti-skid device 15 is inserted into the gap between the adjacent drag-reducing rods 7, and the movement of the base 9 is limited.

[0053] The anti-skid device 15 comprises a pushing slide 16 sleeved on the sidewall of the base 9, the pushing slide 16 can be locked by a fixing member after being slid to a certain position on the sidewall of the base 9, the sidewall of the base 9 is provided with a limiting groove 17 for limiting the pushing slide 16, and the sidewall of the pushing slide 16 is provided with a plurality of insertion members 18, each of which can be inserted between the adjacent drag-reducing rods 7.

[0054] The insertion member 18 comprises a pair of deflection strips 19 rotationally connected to the side of the pushing slide 16 close to the steel frame 6, an expansion block 20 is arranged at the end of the deflection strip 19 away from the pushing slide 16, two driving grooves 21 are arranged on the expansion block 20 and correspond to the two deflection strips 19, respectively, a bolt pressing column 22 is arranged in the driving groove 21, the bolt pressing column 22 is slidably connected with the deflection strip 19, and the bolt pressing column 22 can lock the position of the deflection strip 19 after deflecting the deflection strip 19 by a certain angle.

[0055] The surface of the deflection strip 19 is provided with a clamping arc groove 10.

[0056] Specifically, the working process of the anti-skid device 15 is as follows:

[0057] The pushing slide 16 can be directly pushed to slide along the limiting groove 17, and the pushing slide 16 can be fixedly connected with the sidewall of the base 9 by screws after being pushed to a certain position (if the pushing slide 16 needs to be reset, the screws are only needed to be opened, the pushing slide 16 is pushed upward to reset, and the screws are needed to be locked again), and at this time, each pair of deflection strips 19 is inserted between the adjacent drag-reducing rods 7.

[0058] In order to further increase the resistance between adjacent drag-reducing rods 7 and the deflection strips 19, the bolt pressure column 22 is first unscrewed, then the two deflection strips 19 are pushed away from each other until the clamping arc grooves 10 on each deflection strip 19 abut against the side wall of the corresponding drag-reducing rod 7, and then the bolt pressure column 22 is tightened again.

[0059] In the application, the bolt pressure column 22 is composed of a bolt in sliding connection with the surface of the deflection strip 19 and a bolt sleeve sleeved on the side wall of the bolt, and the surface of the deflection strip 19 can be provided with a sliding groove for limiting the bolt.

[0060] Further, the application also provides a working method of the rapid slag discharge device for small-section tunnel drilling and blasting excavation, which comprises the following steps:

[0061] S1. Drive the slag collecting box 11 to enter the tunnel to the position of the working face 8, and drive the opening 13 of the shielding area to be aligned with the working face 8.

[0062] Rotating all the lateral plates 1 and the forward plates 2 around the shaft to make them stand upright and connect with each other, so that the shielding area is formed.

[0063] S1. Guide the working face 8 to be blasted.

[0064] S1. Block the broken stones generated after blasting by the steel plate 12, so as to guide the broken stones splashing outside the loading chamber into the loading chamber.

[0065] Then the external support trolley crosses the rapid slag discharge device and is positioned, and the rapid slag discharge device synchronously discharges the slag into the transport vehicle through the chain plate conveyor, so that the slag discharge does not occupy the straight-line construction period, and the drilling and blasting cycle time is greatly shortened.

[0066] The above examples are only exemplary embodiments of the application and are not used to limit the application, and the protection scope of the application is defined by the claims. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or equivalent replacements to the application within the spirit and protection scope of the application, and such modifications or equivalent replacements are also regarded as falling within the protection scope of the application.

Claims

1. A rapid muck removal device for small-section tunnel drilling and blasting excavation, characterized in that, include The slag collection box (11) has a loading chamber for loading the rubble generated after the blasting of the working face (8); Multiple steel plates (12) are provided at the edge of the loading chamber and rotatably connected to the slag collection box (11). Each steel plate (12) can be rotated to a set angle and then locked. When each steel plate (12) is rotated at a set angle directly above the loading chamber, all the steel plates (12) are combined to form a shielding area. The shielding area has an opening (13) on the side near the working face (8) to guide the crushed stone into the loading chamber. The shielding area can shield the crushed stone that splashes out of the loading chamber. The slag collection box (11) includes a base (9), the loading chamber is located inside the base (9), and a chain conveyor (4) is provided inside the loading chamber. The chain conveyor (4) can flatten the crushed stone inside the loading chamber. The steel plate (12) includes two side plates (1) and one front plate (2). The two side plates (1) are respectively disposed on the two sides of the base (9) in the two length directions, and the front plate (2) is disposed on the side of the base (9) in the width direction away from the end of the working face (8). Both the side plate (1) and the front plate (2) are connected to the base (9) via hinges (5); The height of the shielding area is at least 1 / 2 of the working face (8); The bottom of the slag collection box (11) is provided with a barrier (14) laid in the tunnel. The barrier (14) is used to guide the slag collection box (11) to approach or move away from the working face (8). The stopper (14) includes a steel frame (6) installed inside the tunnel, on which multiple drag-reducing rods (7) are arranged in a linear array. The base (9) has a side wall provided with an antislip device (15) for locking the position of the base (9), and the antislip device (15) can slide along the side wall of the base (9) toward the side closer to or away from the steel frame (6). The anti-slip device (15) includes a pusher slide (16) sleeved on the side wall of the base (9). The pusher slide (16) can slide to a certain position on the side wall of the base (9) and be locked by a fixing member. The side wall of the base (9) is provided with a limiting groove (17) to limit the pusher slide (16). The side wall of the pusher slide (16) is provided with a plurality of inserts (18), each insert (18) can be inserted between adjacent drag-reducing rods (7). The insert (18) includes a pair of deflection bars (19) rotatably connected to the side of the push slide bar (16) near the steel frame (6). The deflection bar (19) has an expansion block (20) at the end away from the push slide bar (16). The expansion block (20) has two drive grooves (21). The two drive grooves (21) are respectively corresponding to the two deflection bars (19). The drive groove (21) has a bolt pressure column (22). The bolt pressure column (22) is slidably connected to the deflection bar (19). The bolt pressure column (22) can deflect the deflection bar (19) by a set angle and lock the position of the deflection bar (19). The surface of the deflection bar (19) is provided with a locking arc groove (10).

2. A method for operating a rapid muck removal device for small-section tunnel drilling and blasting excavation according to claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps; S1. Drive the slag collection box (11) into the tunnel to the position of the working face (8), and drive the opening (13) of the shielding area to face the working face (8). S1. Guide the blasting of the working face (8); S1. The steel plate (12) blocks the debris generated after the blast, so as to guide the debris splashed outside the loading chamber into the loading chamber.

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