A method for coordinated treatment and comprehensive recycling of multiple smelting waste residues

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of metallurgical mineral processing technology and relates to a method for the coordinated treatment and comprehensive recycling of multiple smelting waste residues, comprising the following steps: (1) mixing raw materials to obtain a mixed material, which is then fed into an oxygen-enriched side-blown smelting furnace; (2) blowing oxygen-enriched air from primary tuyere on both sides of the furnace body of the oxygen-enriched side-blown smelting furnace to cause the materials to collide and react in the molten pool, ultimately obtaining flue gas, hot-melting furnace slag, and matte products; (3) electrolyzing the matte to produce refined copper and rare metals; (4) quenching the hot-melting furnace slag with water to obtain iron concentrate, slag concentrate, and waste tailings; and (5) feeding the flue gas into a waste heat boiler for treatment to obtain fine smoke, lump smoke, and flue gas. The present invention achieves the coordinated treatment of multiple waste residues, realizes clean disposal and resource-based, high-value, and harmless comprehensive recycling, achieves a win-win situation in terms of economic and environmental benefits, has great promotion and application value, and is exemplary in promoting the emission reduction and harmless utilization of gold smelting waste.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgical mineral processing, and in particular relates to a method for the coordinated treatment and comprehensive recycling of multiple smelting waste residues. Background Art

[0002] The roasting-cyanidation metallurgical process produces low-grade, gold-bearing roasting cyanidation tailings (hazardous waste HW33, 092-003-33). Its main components are: Au ~2g / t; Ag ~20g / t; Cu ~0.12%; Fe ~32%; As ~0.30%; and cyanide 600-700ppm. If sales are limited, these cyanidation tailings will seriously hinder the company's production and development. Therefore, the resource utilization, high-value, and harmless utilization of the hazardous waste of roasting cyanidation tailings are particularly urgent.

[0003] The second type of waste residue is sulfur-processing tailings stored in solid waste dumps. These are smelters' direct cyanidation tailings, which are then subjected to magnetic separation, gravity separation, and combined separation processes to flotate sulfur concentrate. The resulting sulfur-processing tailings primarily consist of: SiO2 and other gangue slimes; Au ~0.4g / t; Ag ~15g / t; S ~4%; Zn ~1%; and Pb ~1%. These tailings are filtered through filter presses and stored in tailings ponds. This long-term inventory backlog impacts production, pollutes the environment, and increases management costs. Furthermore, valuable elements such as gold and silver are not fully recovered. Addressing the challenges of cleaning and comprehensively recycling sulfur-processing tailings is crucial.

[0004] The third type of waste residue is the neutralized residue produced by neutralizing the dilute acid produced in the acid production process with the copper extraction residual solution using carbide slag and / or quicklime. This neutralized residue primarily consists of CaSO₄·2H₂O, with a calcium oxide content of approximately 30%. This neutralized residue is filtered through a filter press and then stored in a tailings pond, causing a backlog, environmental pollution, and increased management costs. Furthermore, the gypsum in the waste residue remains unused, resulting in a significant waste of mineral resources.

[0005] How to coordinately treat three types of smelting waste residues, namely roasting cyanide tailings, sulfur dressing tailings and neutralization slag, to achieve clean utilization and comprehensive recovery, coordinated and efficient disposal of the waste residues is a technical challenge currently faced by smelting enterprises, and is also a research direction for achieving resource utilization and environmental benefits. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a method for the coordinated treatment and comprehensive recycling of multiple smelting waste residues. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0007] A method for the coordinated treatment and comprehensive recycling of multiple smelting waste residues comprises the following steps:

[0008] (1) mixing low-grade gold-containing roasting cyanide tailings, copper concentrate, a sulfiding agent, a mixture of sulfur-separated tailings and neutralized slag, and a comprehensive auxiliary flux to obtain a mixture, controlling the total moisture content of the mixture to be 10-15%, and feeding the mixture into the oxygen-enriched side-blown smelting furnace through a furnace top inlet;

[0009] The comprehensive auxiliary flux is composed of pulverized coal, quartz stone, limestone, and sulfur paste in a mass ratio of (11-13): (3-4): (4-5): (3-5); the sulfur content in the sulfur paste is greater than 75%;

[0010] The vulcanizing agent is composed of sulfur and sodium peroxide mixed in a mass ratio of 1: (0.3-0.8);

[0011] (2) Oxygen-enriched air is blown into the furnace body of the oxygen-enriched side-blown smelting furnace through the primary tuyere, and the oxygen concentration is controlled to be 70%-75%, so that the materials collide and react in the molten pool to obtain smoke gas and reaction products such as liquid copper matte precious metal alloy and slag. The reaction products such as liquid copper matte precious metal alloy and slag are separated into layers in the molten pool and discharged by a settling vehicle to obtain hot molten slag; the liquid copper matte precious metal alloy is cast into ingots to obtain a matte product containing gold and silver;

[0012] (3) electrolyzing the matte obtained in step (2) to produce refined copper and rare metals such as platinum, palladium, rhodium and iridium;

[0013] (4) quenching the hot-melt slag obtained in step (2) to obtain water-quenched slag, and then slowly cooling and crushing the water-quenched slag and performing magnetic separation, gravity separation and combined separation processes to obtain iron ore concentrate, slag concentrate and waste slag tailings;

[0014] (5) The smoke gas obtained in step (2) is cooled in a waste heat boiler and subjected to graded gradient separation in a cyclone dust collector to obtain fine smoke, agglomerated smoke, and smoke gas;

[0015] (6) The flue gas obtained in step (5) is cooled and then enters a dust collector for dust collection and purification to obtain smoke dust, refined white dust and purified flue gas.

[0016] The present invention truly realizes the coordinated treatment of multiple waste residues such as roasting cyanide waste residue, sulfur selection waste residue, neutralization waste residue, industrial sulfur paste waste residue, smoke dust and cold materials through the above process method, and realizes clean disposal and comprehensive recycling.

[0017] In step (2), oxygen-enriched air is blown into the oxygen-enriched side-blowing smelting furnace to cause the molten pool to be vigorously stirred, so that the materials undergo sufficient collision reaction in the molten pool. The charge quickly completes a series of physical and chemical smelting processes in the molten pool of the oxygen-enriched side-blowing smelting furnace, including heating, dehydration, melting, reduction, copper matte precious metal alloy production, and secondary slag production. Main chemical reactions:

[0018] C+O2=CO2↑;

[0019] CO2+C=2CO;

[0020] Fe2O3+0.5C=2FeO+0.5CO2;

[0021] Fe3O4+0.5C=3FeO+0.5CO2;

[0022] 6Fe+4O2=2Fe3O4;

[0023] During this period, the generated Fe3O4 oxidizes FeS and SiO2 in the melt to form slag:

[0024] FeS+3Fe3O4=10FeO+SO2↑;

[0025] 2FeO+SiO2=2FeO·SiO2;

[0026] 2Cu2S+3O2=2Cu2O+2SO2↑;

[0027] Cu2S+2Cu2O=6Cu+SO2↑;

[0028] At the same time, since the cyanide in the roasting cyanide tailings mainly exists in the form of hydrocyanic acid, alkali metal and ammonium cyanides, heavy metal cyanide complexes, and heavy metal cyanide complexes or cyanide complex salts generated by reactions with alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, and heavy metal salt ions, cyanide (including hydrogen cyanide) is unstable and easily decomposed. After the reaction in the oxygen-enriched side-blown smelting furnace, under certain high temperature conditions, the toxic substances containing cyanide are burned to become non-toxic chemicals. The chemical reaction is:

[0029] 2CN － +O2→2CNO － ;

[0030] 2CN － +5 / 2O2+H2O→2CO2+N2+2OH － ;

[0031] CNO － +2H2O→CO3 2－ +NH4 + .

[0032] In order to ensure that the elemental sulfur and CO produced during the smelting process are fully burned in the furnace body, secondary air can also be added to ensure their complete combustion to reduce the impact on subsequent systems.

[0033] The waste tailings and iron ore concentrate obtained in step (4) can be sold externally; the waste heat boiler in step (5) produces steam, which is used in various ways according to the output; part of it is used for winter heating; part of it is sold externally to enterprises that require heat source operations to increase economic benefits; and part of it is used to preheat generator sets of sulfuric acid power generation companies for preheating and power generation. In step (6), the refined white dust is a smoke dust with high content of Pb, Zn, and As, and the purified flue gas is a high-concentration SO2 flue gas with a SO2 concentration of 5-8%, which can be used for sulfuric acid production.

[0034] Furthermore, in the step (1), the mass ratio of the cyanide tailings, copper concentrate, sulfiding agent, sulfur-selected tailings + neutralization slag mixture, and comprehensive auxiliary flux is (5-6): (1.2-1.4): 0.01: (0.9-1.12): (0.009-0.011); the mass ratio of the sulfur-selected tailings to the neutralization slag in the sulfur-selected tailings + neutralization slag mixture is 1:1, and the main components are: FeS, FeS2 and CaSO4·2H2O.

[0035] Furthermore, in step (2), the oxygen-enriched air is a mixture of air and industrial oxygen.

[0036] Furthermore, in step (2), the air volume of the oxygen-enriched air is 16000-16500 Nm 3 / h.

[0037] Furthermore, the slag concentrate obtained in step (4) is returned to step (1) for batching, thereby realizing the recycling and reuse of the slag concentrate cold material.

[0038] Furthermore, the block smoke dust obtained in the step (5) is crushed and pulverized multiple times and then returned to the step (1) together with the fine smoke dust for batching, thereby realizing the recycling of block smoke dust and fine smoke dust.

[0039] Furthermore, the purified flue gas obtained in step (6) adopts a two-conversion and two-absorption process to produce industrial sulfuric acid through a scrubber, a washing tower, an electrostatic demister, a converter, and a dry absorption tower.

[0040] Furthermore, the refined white dust obtained in step (6) is subjected to quenching and bag arsenic collection process to produce crude arsenic smoke and lead-zinc refined dust.

[0041] Furthermore, the crude arsenic smoke is subjected to two-stage gradient volatilization and slow cooling separation of multi-stage gradient temperature-controlled distillation and multi-stage arsenic slow cooling crystallization to obtain arsenic trioxide product.

[0042] The arsenic trioxide product is a high-purity arsenic trioxide product with a purity of >99.50%, and the lead-zinc fine dust can be sent to a comprehensive recycling workshop for recycling.

[0043] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0044] The present invention truly realizes the coordinated treatment of multiple waste residues such as roasting cyanide waste residue, sulfur selection waste residue, neutralization waste residue, industrial sulfur paste waste residue, smoke dust, cold materials, etc., can effectively and comprehensively recover and utilize valuable metals such as gold, silver, and copper in the roasting cyanide tailings, and has a high recovery rate of gold, silver, and copper, reaching more than 98.5%, which is higher than the comprehensive recovery rate of traditional hydrometallurgy, and truly realizes the comprehensive utilization of resources; at the same time, cyanide-containing cyanide waste residue, arsenic-containing neutralization residue, industrial sulfur paste and other waste residues are cleanly converted into cyanide-free, arsenic-free and harmless general smelting tailings, without generating secondary pollution and occupying storage yards, thereby realizing the reduction and resource utilization of hazardous waste of roasting cyanide waste residue, completely realizing the consumption of hazardous waste, and breaking the bottleneck problem that hazardous waste restricts the development of enterprises; comprehensive recovery of lead, zinc, and arsenic in smoke dust is realized, and fine smoke dust, slag concentrate cold materials, etc. are recycled and reused.

[0045] The present invention has high resource utilization rate, simple technical process operation and low cost, and the entire process chain realizes clean, harmless and comprehensive secondary resource efficiency production; it realizes a multi-industry chain and multi-product development model, and the main products include matte, refined copper, high-purity arsenic trioxide, iron ore concentrate, industrial sulfuric acid, steam and power generation.

[0046] The present invention realizes clean disposal and comprehensive recycling and utilization of resources, high value and harmlessness, and achieves a win-win situation in economic and environmental benefits. It has great promotion and application value, is exemplary in promoting the emission reduction and harmless utilization of gold smelting waste, and is an invention of a high-efficiency, low-consumption, low-pollution, new smelting technology. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] Figure 1 It is a process flow chart of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to examples. The examples are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0049] Example 1:

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, a method for the coordinated treatment and comprehensive recycling of multiple smelting waste residues comprises the following steps:

[0051] (1) 205 tons of low-grade gold-containing roasting cyanide tailings, 51 tons of copper concentrate, 0.41 tons of sulfiding agent, 45.1 tons of sulfur-selected tailings + neutralized slag mixture, and 0.45 tons of comprehensive auxiliary flux are mixed to obtain a mixture, and the total moisture of the mixture is controlled to be 10-15%. The mixture is fed into the oxygen-enriched side-blown smelting furnace through the top feed port of the furnace at a rate of 600-800 kg / min via a feeding conveyor belt; and the feeding of the material into the feed port is ensured to be uniform and continuous, and long-term suspension of material and shortage of material are prohibited.

[0052] The comprehensive auxiliary flux is composed of pulverized coal, quartz stone, limestone, and sulfur paste in a mass ratio of 11:3.5:4.5:3.5; the sulfur content in the sulfur paste is greater than 75%; the vulcanizing agent is composed of a mixture of sulfur and sodium peroxide in a mass ratio of 1:0.5; the mass ratio of the sulfur tailings to the neutralized slag in the sulfur tailings + neutralized slag mixture is 1:1;

[0053] (2) Oxygen-enriched air is blown into the primary air inlets on both sides of the furnace body of the oxygen-enriched side-blowing smelting furnace, and the oxygen concentration is controlled to be around 74%. The primary air volume of the oxygen-enriched side-blowing furnace is: 16150Nm 3 / h, so that the molten pool is violently stirred and the materials collide and react in the molten pool. In order to ensure that the elemental sulfur and CO produced in the smelting process are fully burned in the furnace body, a Roots blower is used to supplement the secondary air to ensure complete combustion and reduce the impact of subsequent systems. The air volume of the secondary air is 8820Nm 3 / h; the above-mentioned furnace charge rapidly completes a series of physical and chemical smelting processes in the molten pool, including heating, dehydration, melting, reduction, copper matte precious metal alloy production, and secondary slag production, to produce smoke and dust gas and reaction products, liquid copper matte precious metal alloy and slag. The reaction products, liquid copper matte precious metal alloy and slag, are separated into layers in the molten pool and then cleared by sedimentation in a settling vehicle. The liquid copper matte precious metal alloy is discharged from the alloy discharge port. The temperature of the liquid copper matte precious metal alloy is controlled at 1260°C. The produced liquid copper matte precious metal alloy is ingot-cast to obtain a matte product containing gold and silver (matte with a copper content of less than 15% is directly sold externally); hot molten slag is intermittently discharged at the slag outlet;

[0054] (3) refining the matte with a copper content greater than 15% obtained in step (2) in a refining furnace and then electrolyzing to produce refined copper, while simultaneously enriching and recovering rare metals such as platinum, palladium, rhodium, and iridium in the copper anode mud during the electrolysis process;

[0055] (4) quenching the hot-melt slag obtained in step (2) to obtain water-quenched slag, sending the water-quenched slag to a slow cooling field for slow cooling, crushing, and then undergoing magnetic separation, gravity separation, and combined separation processes in a slag beneficiation section to obtain iron concentrate, slag concentrate, and waste slag tailings; the waste slag tailings and iron concentrate are sold, and the slag concentrate is returned to the ingredients for re-smelting;

[0056] (5) The smoke gas obtained in the step (2) is discharged from the furnace mouth and enters the waste heat boiler for cooling and temperature reduction. After graded gradient separation in the cyclone dust collector, fine smoke, lump smoke and smoke are obtained; a part of the steam produced by the preheating boiler with a return water temperature of 70-80°C is used for winter heating; a part of the return water temperature of 70-80°C is sold to enterprises that need heat source operations to increase economic benefits; a part of the supersaturated steam temperature greater than 90°C is used to preheat the generator set of the 200,000-ton sulfuric acid power generation company for preheating and power generation; the lump smoke is crushed and pulverized multiple times and returned to the silo together with the fine smoke, and is mixed with other raw materials into the furnace for recycling;

[0057] (6) The flue gas obtained in the step (5) is cooled and then enters an electrostatic precipitator and a bag filter to obtain flue dust, bag-type refined white dust (containing flue dust with high content of Pb, Zn and As) and purified flue gas containing high-concentration SO2 flue gas with a SO2 concentration of 6.1%; the obtained purified flue gas with high concentration of SO2 adopts a two-transformation and two-absorption process, and is processed through a scrubber, a washing tower, an electrostatic precipitator, a converter and a dry absorption tower to produce industrial sulfuric acid for sale; the obtained bag-type refined white dust is subjected to a quenching-bag arsenic collection process to produce crude arsenic dust, which enters a closed fluidized conveying section, and is subjected to multi-stage gradient temperature-controlled distillation and multi-stage arsenic slow cooling crystallization, two-stage gradient volatilization and slow cooling separation according to the different boiling points between arsenic trioxide and other impurities, to obtain a high-purity arsenic trioxide product with a purity of 99.68%; the lead and zinc refined dust is sent to a comprehensive recovery workshop for recycling.

[0058] The main chemical compositions and recovery rates of the mixed material and cyanide slag (separate sampling before batching), mixed feed and water-quenched slag are shown in Table 1:

[0059] Table 1 Main chemical composition and recovery rate of each material in Example 1

[0060] name Au g / t Ag g / t Cu% S％ As% Cyanide slag (separate sampling before batching) 2.68 22.9 0.21 1.20 0.81 Mixed feeding 13.0 105.0 8.80 15.8 1.36 Water-quenched slag 0.16 1.5 0.29 0.76 0.09 Recovery rate (%) 98.77 98.57 96.70 / /

[0061] Example 2:

[0062] like Figure 1 As shown, a method for the coordinated treatment and comprehensive recycling of multiple smelting waste residues comprises the following steps:

[0063] (1) 236 tons of low-grade gold-containing roasting cyanide tailings, 55 tons of copper concentrate, 0.45 tons of sulfiding agent, 44 tons of sulfur-selected tailings + neutralized slag mixture, 0.42 tons of comprehensive auxiliary flux, and 0.15 tons of smoke / cold material (lump smoke, fine smoke, slag concentrate) are mixed to obtain a mixture, and the total moisture of the mixture is controlled to be 10-15%. The mixture is fed into the oxygen-enriched side-blown smelting furnace through the top feed port of the furnace at a rate of 600-800 kg / min via a feeding conveyor belt; and the feeding of the material into the feed port is ensured to be uniform and continuous, and long-term material stoppage and material shortage are prohibited.

[0064] The comprehensive auxiliary flux is composed of pulverized coal, quartz stone, limestone, and sulfur paste in a mass ratio of 12:4:4.5:4.5; the sulfur content in the sulfur paste is greater than 75%; the vulcanizing agent is composed of a mixture of sulfur and sodium peroxide in a mass ratio of 1:0.5; the mass ratio of the sulfur tailings to the neutralized slag in the sulfur tailings + neutralized slag mixture is 1:1;

[0065] (2) Oxygen-enriched air is blown into the primary air inlets on both sides of the furnace body of the oxygen-enriched side-blowing smelting furnace, and the oxygen concentration is controlled to be around 70%. The primary air volume of the oxygen-enriched side-blowing furnace is: 16655Nm 3 / h, so that the molten pool is violently stirred and the materials collide and react in the molten pool. In order to ensure that the elemental sulfur and CO produced in the smelting process are fully burned in the furnace body, a Roots blower is used to supplement the secondary air volume to ensure complete combustion and reduce the impact of subsequent systems. The secondary air volume is: 8886Nm 3 / h; the above-mentioned furnace charge rapidly completes a series of physical and chemical smelting processes in the molten pool, including heating, dehydration, melting, reduction, copper matte precious metal alloy production, and secondary slag production, to produce smoke and dust gas and reaction products, liquid copper matte precious metal alloy and slag. The reaction products, liquid copper matte precious metal alloy and slag, are separated into layers in the molten pool and then cleared by sedimentation in a settling vehicle. The liquid copper matte precious metal alloy is discharged from the alloy discharge port. The temperature of the liquid copper matte precious metal alloy is controlled at 1260°C. The produced liquid copper matte precious metal alloy is ingot-cast to obtain a matte product containing gold and silver (matte with a copper content of less than 15% is directly sold externally); hot molten slag is intermittently discharged at the slag outlet;

[0066] (3) refining the matte with a copper content greater than 15% obtained in step (2) in a refining furnace and then electrolyzing to produce refined copper, while simultaneously enriching and recovering rare metals such as platinum, palladium, rhodium, and iridium in the copper anode mud during the electrolysis process;

[0067] (4) quenching the hot-melt slag obtained in step (2) to obtain water-quenched slag, sending the water-quenched slag to a slow cooling field for slow cooling, crushing, and then undergoing magnetic separation, gravity separation, and combined separation processes in a slag beneficiation section to obtain iron concentrate, slag concentrate, and waste slag tailings; the waste slag tailings and iron concentrate are sold, and the slag concentrate is returned to the ingredients for re-smelting;

[0068] (5) The smoke gas obtained in the step (2) is discharged from the furnace mouth and enters the waste heat boiler for cooling and temperature reduction. After graded gradient separation in the cyclone dust collector, fine smoke, lump smoke and smoke are obtained; a part of the steam produced by the preheating boiler with a return water temperature of 70-80°C is used for winter heating; a part of the return water temperature of 70-80°C is sold to enterprises that need heat source operations to increase economic benefits; a part of the supersaturated steam temperature greater than 90°C is used to preheat the generator set of the 200,000-ton sulfuric acid power generation company for preheating and power generation; the lump smoke is crushed and pulverized multiple times and returned to the silo together with the fine smoke, and is mixed with other raw materials into the furnace for recycling;

[0069] (6) The flue gas obtained in the step (5) is cooled and then enters an electrostatic precipitator and a bag filter to obtain flue dust, bag-type refined white dust (containing flue dust with high content of Pb, Zn and As) and purified flue gas containing high-concentration SO2 flue gas, with a SO2 concentration of 7.2%; the obtained purified flue gas with high concentration of SO2 adopts a two-transformation and two-absorption process, and is processed through a scrubber, a washing tower, an electrostatic precipitator, a converter, and a dry absorption tower to produce industrial sulfuric acid for sale; the obtained bag-type refined white dust is subjected to a quenching-bag arsenic collection process to produce crude arsenic dust, which enters a closed fluidized conveying section, and is subjected to multi-stage gradient temperature-controlled distillation and multi-stage arsenic slow cooling crystallization, two-stage gradient volatilization, and slow cooling separation according to the different boiling points between arsenic trioxide and other impurities, to obtain a high-purity arsenic trioxide product with a purity of 99.77%; the lead and zinc refined dust is sent to a comprehensive recovery workshop for recycling.

[0070] The main chemical compositions and recovery rates of the mixed material and cyanide slag (separate sampling before batching), mixed feed and water-quenched slag are shown in Table 2:

[0071] Table 2 Main chemical composition and recovery rate of each material in Example 2

[0072] name Au g / t Ag g / t Cu% S％ As% Cyanide slag (separate sampling before batching) 3.18 25.0 0.25 1.40 0.68 Mixed feeding 18.0 126.0 7.90 16.30 1.50 Water-quenched slag 0.11 1.8 0.22 0.59 0.09 Recovery rate (%) 99.39 98.57 97.22 / /

[0073] Example 3:

[0074] like Figure 1 As shown, a method for the coordinated treatment and comprehensive recycling of multiple smelting waste residues comprises the following steps:

[0075] (1) 256 tons of low-grade gold-containing roasting cyanide tailings, 58 tons of copper concentrate, 0.50 tons of sulfiding agent, 52.9 tons of sulfur-selected tailings + neutralized slag mixture, 0.49 tons of comprehensive auxiliary flux, and 0.19 tons of smoke / cold material (lump smoke, fine smoke, slag concentrate) are mixed to obtain a mixture, and the total moisture of the mixture is controlled to be 10-15%. The mixture is fed into the oxygen-enriched side-blown smelting furnace through the top feed port of the furnace at a rate of 600-800 kg / min via a feeding conveyor belt; and the feeding of the material into the feed port is ensured to be uniform and continuous, and long-term material stoppage and material shortage are prohibited.

[0076] The comprehensive auxiliary flux is composed of pulverized coal, quartz stone, limestone, and sulfur paste in a mass ratio of 13:3:5:5; the sulfur content in the sulfur paste is greater than 75%; the vulcanizing agent is composed of a mixture of sulfur and sodium peroxide in a mass ratio of 1:0.5; the mass ratio of the sulfur tailings to the neutralized slag in the sulfur tailings + neutralized slag mixture is 1:1;

[0077] (2) Oxygen-enriched air is blown into the primary air inlets on both sides of the furnace body of the oxygen-enriched side-blowing smelting furnace, and the oxygen concentration is controlled to be about 75%. The primary air volume of the oxygen-enriched side-blowing furnace is: 16458Nm 3 / h, so that the molten pool is violently stirred and the materials collide and react in the molten pool. In order to ensure that the elemental sulfur and CO produced in the smelting process are fully burned in the furnace body, a Roots blower is used to supplement the secondary air volume to ensure complete combustion and reduce the impact of subsequent systems. The secondary air volume is: 8896Nm 3 / h; the above-mentioned furnace charge rapidly completes a series of physical and chemical smelting processes in the molten pool, including heating, dehydration, melting, reduction, copper matte precious metal alloy production, and secondary slag production, to produce smoke and dust gas and reaction products, liquid copper matte precious metal alloy and slag. The reaction products, liquid copper matte precious metal alloy and slag, are separated into layers in the molten pool and then cleared by sedimentation in a settling vehicle. The liquid copper matte precious metal alloy is discharged from the alloy discharge port. The temperature of the liquid copper matte precious metal alloy is controlled at 1260°C. The produced liquid copper matte precious metal alloy is ingot-cast to obtain a matte product containing gold and silver (matte with a copper content of less than 15% is directly sold externally); hot molten slag is intermittently discharged at the slag outlet;

[0078] (3) refining the matte with a copper content greater than 15% obtained in step (2) in a refining furnace and then electrolyzing to produce refined copper, while simultaneously enriching and recovering rare metals such as platinum, palladium, rhodium, and iridium in the copper anode mud during the electrolysis process;

[0079] (4) quenching the hot-melt slag obtained in step (2) to obtain water-quenched slag, sending the water-quenched slag to a slow cooling field for slow cooling, crushing, and then undergoing magnetic separation, gravity separation, and combined separation processes in a slag beneficiation section to obtain iron concentrate, slag concentrate, and waste slag tailings; the waste slag tailings and iron concentrate are sold, and the slag concentrate is returned to the ingredients for re-smelting;

[0080] (5) The smoke gas obtained in the step (2) is discharged from the furnace mouth and enters the waste heat boiler for cooling and temperature reduction. After graded gradient separation in the cyclone dust collector, fine smoke, lump smoke and smoke are obtained; a part of the steam produced by the preheating boiler with a return water temperature of 70-80°C is used for winter heating; a part of the return water temperature of 70-80°C is sold to enterprises that need heat source operations to increase economic benefits; a part of the supersaturated steam temperature greater than 90°C is used to preheat the generator set of the 200,000-ton sulfuric acid power generation company for preheating and power generation; the lump smoke is crushed and pulverized multiple times and returned to the silo together with the fine smoke, and is mixed with other raw materials into the furnace for recycling;

[0081] (6) The flue gas obtained in the step (5) is cooled and then enters an electrostatic precipitator and a bag filter to obtain flue dust, bag-type refined white dust (containing flue dust with high content of Pb, Zn and As) and purified flue gas containing high-concentration SO2 flue gas, with a SO2 concentration of 7.8%; the obtained purified flue gas with high concentration of SO2 adopts a two-transformation and two-absorption process, and is processed through a scrubber, a washing tower, an electrostatic precipitator, a converter, and a dry absorption tower to produce industrial sulfuric acid for sale; the obtained bag-type refined white dust is subjected to a quenching-bag arsenic collection process to produce crude arsenic dust, which enters a closed fluidized conveying section, and is subjected to multi-stage gradient temperature-controlled distillation and multi-stage arsenic slow cooling crystallization, two-stage gradient volatilization, and slow cooling separation according to the different boiling points between arsenic trioxide and other impurities, to obtain a high-purity arsenic trioxide product with a purity of 99.79%; the lead and zinc refined dust is sent to a comprehensive recovery workshop for recycling.

[0082] The main chemical compositions and recovery rates of the mixed material and cyanide slag (separate sampling before batching), mixed feed and water-quenched slag are shown in Table 3:

[0083] Table 3 Main chemical composition and recovery rate of each material in Example 3

[0084] name Au g / t Ag g / t Cu% S％ As% Cyanide slag (separate sampling before batching) 2.98 31.1 0.16 1.10 0.72 Mixed feeding 24.0 181.0 7.80 15.1 1.50 Water-quenched slag 0.13 1.4 0.20 0.70 0.10 Recovery rate (%) 99.46 99.23 97.44 / /

[0085] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for the coordinated treatment and comprehensive recycling of multiple smelting waste residues, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) mixing low-grade gold-containing roasting cyanide tailings, copper concentrate, a sulfiding agent, a mixture of sulfur-separated tailings and neutralized slag, and a comprehensive auxiliary flux to obtain a mixture, controlling the total moisture content of the mixture to be 10-15%, and feeding the mixture into the oxygen-enriched side-blown smelting furnace through a furnace top inlet; The comprehensive auxiliary flux is composed of pulverized coal, quartz stone, limestone, and sulfur paste in a mass ratio of (11-13): (3-4): (4-5): (3-5); the sulfur content in the sulfur paste is greater than 75%; The vulcanizing agent is composed of sulfur and sodium peroxide mixed in a mass ratio of 1: (0.3-0.8); (2) Oxygen-enriched air is blown into the furnace body of the oxygen-enriched side-blown smelting furnace through the primary tuyere, and the oxygen concentration is controlled to be 70%-75%, so that the materials collide and react in the molten pool to obtain smoke gas and reaction products such as liquid copper matte precious metal alloy and slag. The reaction products such as liquid copper matte precious metal alloy and slag are separated into layers in the molten pool and discharged by a settling vehicle to obtain hot molten slag; the liquid copper matte precious metal alloy is cast into ingots to obtain a matte product containing gold and silver; (3) electrolyzing the matte obtained in step (2) to produce refined copper and rare metals such as platinum, palladium, rhodium and iridium; (4) quenching the hot-melt slag obtained in step (2) to obtain water-quenched slag, and then slowly cooling and crushing the water-quenched slag and performing magnetic separation, gravity separation and combined separation processes to obtain iron ore concentrate, slag concentrate and waste slag tailings; (5) The smoke gas obtained in step (2) is cooled in a waste heat boiler and subjected to graded gradient separation in a cyclone dust collector to obtain fine smoke, agglomerated smoke, and smoke gas; (6) The flue gas obtained in step (5) is cooled and then enters a dust collector for dust collection and purification to obtain refined white dust and purified flue gas.

2. The method for coordinated treatment and comprehensive recycling of multiple smelting waste residues according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (1), the mass ratio of the cyanide tailings, copper concentrate, sulfiding agent, sulfur-separated tailings + neutralized slag mixture, and comprehensive auxiliary flux is (5-6): (1.2-1.4): 0.01: (0.9-1.12): (0.009-0.011); the mass ratio of the sulfur-selected tailings and the neutralized slag in the sulfur-selected tailings+neutralized slag mixture is 1:

1.

3. The method for coordinated treatment and comprehensive recycling of multiple smelting waste residues according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (2), the air volume of the oxygen-enriched air is 16000-16700 Nm 3 / h.

4. The method for coordinated treatment and comprehensive recycling of multiple smelting waste residues according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slag concentrate obtained in step (4) is returned to step (1) for batching.

5. The method for coordinated treatment and comprehensive recycling of multiple smelting waste residues according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lump smoke dust obtained in the step (5) is crushed and pulverized multiple times and then returned to the step (1) together with the fine smoke dust for batching.

6. The method for coordinated treatment and comprehensive recycling of multiple smelting waste residues according to claim 1, characterized in that: The purified flue gas obtained in the step (6) is subjected to a two-conversion and two-absorption process to produce industrial sulfuric acid through a scrubber, a scrubber tower, an electrostatic demister, a converter, and a dry absorption tower.

7. The method for coordinated treatment and comprehensive recycling of multiple smelting waste residues according to claim 1, characterized in that: The refined white dust obtained in the step (6) is subjected to quenching and bag arsenic collection process to produce crude arsenic smoke and lead-zinc refined dust.

8. The method for coordinated treatment and comprehensive recycling of multiple smelting waste residues according to claim 7, characterized in that: The crude arsenic smoke is subjected to two-stage gradient volatilization and slow cooling separation through multi-stage gradient temperature-controlled distillation and multi-stage arsenic slow cooling crystallization to obtain arsenic trioxide product.

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