A high-voltage pulsed discharge electrode

Abstract

The present invention discloses a high-voltage pulse discharge electrode, comprising a discharge short circuit, a first electrode, a second electrode, and a propeller. A base is provided on the circumference of the inner cavity of the discharge short circuit, and a plurality of windows are provided on the circumference of the short circuit wall below the base. The first electrode is insulated and fixed to the base. The second electrode is located below the first electrode and the two are spaced apart. The first electrode and the second electrode are both radially within the range of the windows. The propeller is vertically arranged, with the upper end connected to the second electrode and the lower end rotatably fixed to the lower part of the discharge short circuit. The first electrode receives power from an energy device, and the second electrode is grounded through the discharge short circuit. When the voltage between the two electrodes increases to a certain value, the dielectric is broken down to generate discharge. During the continuous discharge process, the shock wave generated by the discharge causes the propeller to rotate slowly. The second electrode rotates slowly with the propeller, so that the position of the discharge point also changes, avoiding damage to the two electrodes caused by discharge at a fixed position.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas extraction, and in particular to a high-voltage pulse discharge electrode. Background Art

[0002] In the current oil and gas field development process, physical methods of oil production are often used to improve the recovery rate of oil and gas wells. Among them, electric explosion is a major method used in wells. High-voltage pulse discharge in the well generates shock waves and liquid-electric effects, which act on the oil and gas reservoirs, remove blockages in the near-well area of the oil and gas wells, and thus improve the recovery rate of the oil and gas wells.

[0003] When electric explosions occur in oil and gas wells, the high-voltage discharge electrodes are susceptible to erosion due to the high voltage and the medium being penetrated. This increases the electrode gap and affects proper discharge. Experiments have shown that at a certain power level, the erosion caused by high-voltage discharge can reach 1.2 mm in 5 minutes. Therefore, to ensure the proper operation of electric explosion devices in wells, it is necessary to address the erosion of the discharge electrodes. Furthermore, the alignment of the explosion location with the perforation hole position significantly affects the effectiveness of the explosion. However, the perforation density in conventional oil and gas wells is generally 16 holes per meter. Accurately capturing the perforation hole position has become a bottleneck restricting the effectiveness of power pulses. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To this end, the present invention provides a high-voltage pulse discharge electrode to solve the technical problem that the service life of the discharge electrode is affected by ablation.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A high-voltage pulse discharge electrode comprises a discharge short circuit and a first electrode, a second electrode, and a propeller arranged in the discharge short circuit; a base is provided on the circumferential side of the inner cavity of the discharge short circuit, and a plurality of windows are provided on the circumferential side of the short circuit wall located below the base; the first electrode is insulated and fixed to the base; the second electrode is located below the first electrode and the two are arranged at intervals; wherein the first electrode and the second electrode are both within the range of the windows in the radial direction; the propeller is arranged vertically, with the upper end connected to the second electrode and the lower end rotatably fixed to the lower part of the discharge short circuit.

[0007] Furthermore, the high-voltage pulse discharge electrode further includes an insulating sleeve, which is detachably fixed to the upper and lower sides of the base, and the first electrode is fixed to the lower side of the insulating sleeve.

[0008] Furthermore, the base is an annular seat integrally formed in the inner cavity of the discharge short circuit and protruding radially inward; the insulating sleeve includes an upper sleeve and a lower sleeve, the upper end of the upper sleeve is provided with an upper convex edge protruding radially outward, and the lower end of the lower sleeve is provided with a lower convex edge protruding radially outward, the lower end of the upper sleeve is threadedly connected to the upper end of the lower sleeve, the upper convex edge abuts against the upper edge of the annular seat, and the lower convex edge abuts against the lower edge of the annular seat.

[0009] Furthermore, the high-voltage pulse discharge electrode also includes a conductive short circuit and an electrode terminal. The conductive short circuit is vertically fixed in the insulating sleeve, and the electrode terminal is provided after the upper end is exposed, and the lower end is connected to the first electrode after the lower end is exposed.

[0010] Furthermore, the first electrode is threadedly connected to the lower end of the discharge short circuit and is secured against loosening by a jackscrew, and the second electrode is threadedly connected to the upper end of the propeller and is secured against loosening by a jackscrew.

[0011] Furthermore, the lower portion of the discharge short circuit is a closed block formed as an integral structure, and the lower end of the propeller is rotatably fixed to the closed block.

[0012] Furthermore, the high-voltage pulse discharge electrode also includes a bearing seat and a bearing, the bearing seat is fixed on the closed block, the bearing is arranged in the bearing seat, the axes of the bearing seat and the bearing are parallel to the axis of the discharge short circuit, and the lower end of the propeller is rotatably connected to the bearing seat through the bearing.

[0013] Furthermore, the first electrode and the second electrode are both located on the axis of the discharge short circuit.

[0014] Furthermore, the high-voltage pulse discharge electrode also includes multiple cameras, and the lower peripheral side of the discharge short circuit is provided with multiple concave mounting grooves, the cameras are installed in the mounting grooves with the lenses of the cameras facing outward, and the cameras are connected to optical fibers.

[0015] Furthermore, the high-voltage pulse discharge electrode also includes a lead shoe, the upper end of the discharge short circuit is provided with a thread for connecting to an energy device, and the lower end is connected to the lead shoe through a thread.

[0016] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0017] The high-voltage pulse discharge electrode provided by the present invention has a first electrode that receives power from an energy device and a second electrode that is short-circuited to ground through discharge. When the voltage between the two electrodes (referring to the first electrode and the second electrode) increases to a certain value, the dielectric is broken down to generate discharge. During the continuous discharge process, the shock wave generated by the discharge causes the propeller to rotate slowly, and the second electrode rotates slowly with the propeller, so that the position of the discharge point also changes, avoiding damage to the two electrodes caused by always discharging at a fixed position, thereby extending the service life. The energy of the shock wave generated by the discharge is used to drive the propeller to rotate, and then drive the second electrode to rotate. The structure is simple and no external driving energy is required. The position of the perforation hole is positioned through real-time feedback from a camera, and the positioning is accurate and intuitive, which is conducive to improving the power pulse effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely exemplary, and those skilled in the art can, without inventive effort, derive other implementation drawings based on the provided drawings.

[0019] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in this specification are intended solely to complement the contents disclosed herein and to facilitate understanding and reading by persons skilled in the art. They are not intended to limit the conditions under which the present invention may be implemented and therefore have no substantive technical significance. Any structural modifications, changes in proportions, or adjustments in sizes, without affecting the efficacy and objectives of the present invention, shall remain within the scope of the technical contents disclosed herein.

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a high-voltage pulse discharge electrode provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a high-voltage pulse discharge electrode provided in an embodiment of the present invention (the cross section is between the first electrode and the second motor, looking downward from the cross section);

[0022] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the principle of a high-voltage pulse discharge electrode causing a propeller to rotate during electric explosion provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] In the figure: 1-discharge short circuit, 2-first electrode, 3-second electrode, 4-propeller, 5-window, 6-base, 7-discharge point, 8-insulating sleeve, 9-conductive short circuit, 10-electrode terminal, 11-top screw, 12-sealing block, 13-bearing seat, 14-bearing, 15-camera, 16-optical fiber, 17-guide shoe, 18-shock wave. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following describes the implementation of the present invention using specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art will readily understand the other advantages and benefits of the present invention from the disclosure herein. Obviously, the embodiments described are only a portion of the present invention, not all of it. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are intended to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] The terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle", etc. used in this specification are only for the convenience of description and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships should be regarded as within the scope of the present invention without substantially changing the technical content.

[0026] like Figure 1-3 As shown, this embodiment provides a high-voltage pulse discharge electrode, which can also be called a high-voltage pulse discharge device, including a discharge short circuit 1 (also called a discharge short section), a first electrode 2, a second electrode 3 and a propeller 4.

[0027] The discharge short circuit 1 is open at the top and closed at the bottom, with multiple windows 5 (also called slits) provided on the side; the outer periphery of the upper end is provided with threads for connecting to the energy device, and the outer periphery of the lower end is provided with threads for connecting to the lead shoe 17; an inner cavity is provided in the middle, and a base 6 is provided on the circumference of the middle part of the inner cavity, and the windows 5 are located on the circumference of the short circuit wall below the base 6; the base 6 is an annular seat (which can be regarded as a circular ring with a rectangular cross-section) integrally formed in the inner cavity of the discharge short circuit 1 and protruding radially inward.

[0028] The first electrode 2 can be a copper electrode with good electrical conductivity. The first electrode 2 is fixed on the axis of the base 6. The first electrode 2 and the base 6 are fixed by an insulating material.

[0029] The second electrode 3, which can be a copper electrode with good electrical conductivity, is located below the first electrode 2 and spaced apart from the first electrode 2 to facilitate discharge (implementing electric explosion) after pressurization. Both the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 3 are located on the axis of the discharge short circuit 1 and radially within the range of the window 5. More specifically, the lower end of the first electrode 2 is lower than the upper edge of the window 5, and the upper end of the second electrode 3 is higher than the lower edge of the window 5.

[0030] The propeller 4 is vertically arranged, with its upper end connected to the second electrode 3 and its lower end rotatably fixed to the lower portion of the discharge short-circuit 1. In this embodiment, the propeller 4 includes a propeller shaft and a plurality of blades arranged around the propeller shaft. References to the fixing or arrangement of the propeller 4 are actually descriptions of the propeller shaft. For example, "the upper end is connected to the second electrode 3" actually refers to "the upper end of the propeller shaft is connected to the second electrode 3," and "the lower end is rotatably fixed to the lower portion of the discharge short-circuit 1" actually refers to "the lower end of the propeller shaft is rotatably fixed to the lower portion of the discharge short-circuit 1."

[0031] The high-voltage pulse discharge electrode provided in this embodiment is connected to the energy device through a short-circuit thread and is lowered into the oil and gas well; after positioning, high voltage electricity is loaded to the first electrode 2 through the electrode terminal 10, and the second electrode 3 is grounded through the discharge short-circuit 1. When the voltage reaches a certain level, the dielectric breakdown at the positive and negative poles generates discharge (discharge at a random discharge point 7); during the continuous discharge process, the shock wave 18 generated by the discharge generates thrust on both sides of the blades of the propeller 4, driving the propeller shaft to rotate slowly around the bearing 14, and the second electrode 3 rotates slowly with the propeller 4, and the position of the discharge point 7 also changes, thereby avoiding damage to the two electrodes caused by always discharging at a fixed position, thereby extending the service life; the energy of the shock wave generated by the discharge is used to drive the propeller 4 to rotate, and then drive the second electrode 3 to rotate. The structure is simple and no external driving energy is required.

[0032] In this embodiment, the high-voltage pulse discharge electrode further includes an insulating sleeve 8, which is detachably fixed to the upper and lower sides of the base 6. Specifically, the insulating sleeve 8 includes an upper sleeve and a lower sleeve, the upper end of the upper sleeve is provided with an upper convex edge protruding radially outward, and the lower end of the lower sleeve is provided with a lower convex edge protruding radially outward. The lower end of the upper sleeve is threadedly connected to the upper end of the lower sleeve, the upper convex edge abuts against the upper edge of the annular seat, and the lower convex edge abuts against the lower edge of the annular seat. In this way, the insulating sleeve 8 and the base 6 can be detachably fixed. The insulating sleeve 8 is made of a material with good insulation properties. The first electrode 2 is fixed to the lower side of the insulating sleeve 8, and is then fixed to the base 6 (indirect fixation).

[0033] In this embodiment, the high-voltage pulse discharge electrode further includes a conductive shorting link 9 (also called a conductive nipple) and an electrode terminal 10. The conductive shorting link 9 is vertically fixed within the insulating sleeve 8, with its upper and lower ends protruding from the upper and lower sides of the insulating sleeve 8, respectively. The electrode terminal 10 is connected to the upper end of the conductive shorting link 9, and the first electrode 2 is connected to the lower end of the conductive electrode. After connection to an energy device (such as a capacitor), the output terminal of the energy device is connected to the electrode terminal 10 via a wire, thereby transmitting the high voltage of the energy device to the first electrode 2.

[0034] Generally, the first electrode 2 is threadedly connected to the lower end of the discharge short circuit 1 and is secured against loosening by a set screw 11 , and the second electrode 3 is threadedly connected to the upper end of the propeller 4 and is secured against loosening by a set screw 11 .

[0035] Typically, the lower portion of the discharge short circuit 1 comprises an integrally formed closed block 12, to which the lower end of the propeller 4 is rotatably secured. Optionally, the lower end of the discharge short circuit 1 can also be open, but a baffle can be installed at the lower portion of the inner cavity. The closed block 12 or baffle is used to rotatably mount the propeller 4.

[0036] In this embodiment, the high-voltage pulse discharge electrode also includes a bearing seat 13 and a bearing 14. The bearing seat 13 is fixed on the closed block 12, and the bearing 14 is arranged in the bearing seat 13. The axes of the bearing seat 13 and the bearing 14 are parallel to the axis of the discharge short circuit 1, and the lower end of the propeller 4 is rotatably connected to the bearing seat 13 through the bearing 14.

[0037] In this embodiment, the high-voltage pulse discharge electrode also includes multiple cameras 15. Multiple recessed mounting slots are provided around the lower periphery of the discharge short circuit 1. The cameras 15 are installed in these slots with their lenses facing outward. Optical fibers 16 are connected to the cameras 15. During the lowering process, the waterproof cameras 15 capture and accurately locate the perforation holes. This precise and intuitive positioning helps improve the power pulse effect.

[0038] Generally, the lower end of the discharge short circuit 1 is connected to a guide shoe 17 through a thread, which has a guiding function to prevent the tool from being inserted into the well wall when being lowered.

[0039] Although the present invention has been described in detail above using general descriptions and specific embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and improvements may be made thereto. Therefore, such modifications and improvements, without departing from the spirit of the present invention, are intended to be within the scope of protection claimed herein.

Claims

1. A high-voltage pulse discharge electrode, characterized in that: The invention comprises a discharge short circuit and a first electrode, a second electrode, and a propeller disposed within the discharge short circuit; a base is provided on the circumference of the inner cavity of the discharge short circuit, and a plurality of windows are provided on the circumference of the short circuit wall below the base; the first electrode is insulated and fixed to the base; the second electrode is located below the first electrode and the two are spaced apart; wherein the first electrode and the second electrode are both within the range of the windows in the radial direction; the propeller is vertically disposed, with the upper end connected to the second electrode and the lower end rotatably fixed to the lower portion of the discharge short circuit; The lower part of the discharge short circuit is a closed block formed as an integral structure, and the lower end of the propeller is rotatably fixed to the closed block; The high-voltage pulse discharge electrode further includes a bearing seat and a bearing, wherein the bearing seat is fixed on the closed block, and the bearing is disposed in the bearing seat, wherein the axes of the bearing seat and the bearing are parallel to the axis of the discharge short circuit, and the lower end of the propeller is rotatably connected to the bearing seat via the bearing; The propeller includes a propeller shaft and a plurality of blades arranged around the propeller shaft; After positioning, high voltage electricity is loaded to the first electrode through the electrode terminal, and the second electrode is short-circuited to the ground through discharge. When the voltage reaches a certain level, the dielectric is broken down at the positive and negative poles and discharged at random discharge points. During the continuous discharge process, the shock wave generated by the discharge generates thrust on both sides of the propeller blades, driving the propeller shaft to rotate slowly around the bearing. The second electrode rotates slowly with the propeller, and the position of the discharge point also changes accordingly, avoiding damage to the two electrodes caused by always discharging at a fixed position, thereby extending the service life.

2. The high-voltage pulse discharge electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-voltage pulse discharge electrode further includes an insulating sleeve, which is detachably fixed to the upper and lower sides of the base, and the first electrode is fixed to the lower side of the insulating sleeve.

3. The high-voltage pulse discharge electrode according to claim 2, characterized in that: The base is an annular seat integrally formed in the inner cavity of the discharge short circuit and protruding radially inward; the insulating sleeve includes an upper sleeve and a lower sleeve, the upper end of the upper sleeve is provided with an upper convex edge protruding radially outward, and the lower end of the lower sleeve is provided with a lower convex edge protruding radially outward, the lower end of the upper sleeve is threadedly connected to the upper end of the lower sleeve, the upper convex edge abuts against the upper edge of the annular seat, and the lower convex edge abuts against the lower edge of the annular seat.

4. The high-voltage pulse discharge electrode according to claim 2, characterized in that: The high-voltage pulse discharge electrode further includes a conductive short circuit and an electrode terminal. The conductive short circuit is vertically fixed in the insulating sleeve, with the electrode terminal provided at the exposed upper end and the first electrode connected at the exposed lower end.

5. The high-voltage pulse discharge electrode according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first electrode is threadedly connected to the lower end of the discharge short circuit and is secured against loosening by a jackscrew, and the second electrode is threadedly connected to the upper end of the propeller and is secured against loosening by a jackscrew.

6. The high-voltage pulse discharge electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first electrode and the second electrode are both located on the axis of the discharge short circuit.

7. The high-voltage pulse discharge electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-voltage pulse discharge electrode also includes multiple cameras. The lower peripheral side of the discharge short circuit is provided with multiple concave mounting grooves. The cameras are installed in the mounting grooves with the lenses of the cameras facing outwards. The cameras are connected to optical fibers.

8. The high-voltage pulse discharge electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-voltage pulse discharge electrode further comprises a lead shoe. The upper end of the discharge short circuit is provided with a thread for connecting to an energy device, and the lower end is connected to the lead shoe via a thread.

Images