Exhaust hole plugging device and underwater vehicle model test method using same

Abstract

An exhaust port sealing device includes an internal piston whose outer peripheral surface matches the inner wall of the hull. The outer peripheral surface of the internal piston slides and seals against the inner wall of the hull at the exhaust port assembly. A barrel-shaped piston cylinder is fixedly installed on the hull. The bottom of the piston cylinder has a drive structure, and an internal piston is installed inside. The outer peripheral surface of the internal piston slides and seals against the inner wall of the piston cylinder. The movement direction of the internal piston is consistent with the axial direction of the hull. The internal piston is connected to the internal piston in the cavity via a connecting shaft. The drive structure drives the internal piston away from the bottom of the piston cylinder, thereby pushing the internal piston in the cavity to move and seal the exhaust port assembly via the connecting shaft. This device facilitates accurate measurement of the amount of water flowing into the exhaust port cavity during underwater movement of the hull with exhaust ports, and allows for detection of the water's morphology and quality, thus guiding hull design and predicting water ingress during actual hull operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of underwater vehicle testing technology, and in particular to an exhaust port sealing device and an underwater vehicle model testing method using the same. Background Technology

[0002] When a vehicle with an exhaust port moves underwater, the exhaust port releases air into the external water environment to reduce drag and stabilize the trajectory.

[0003] However, during the exhaust process, due to pressure differences and localized flow, some water droplets from the environment will flow into the exhaust chamber through the exhaust vents, causing changes in parameters such as the mass and inertia of the aircraft, thus affecting its trajectory and attitude. Simultaneously, the water droplets flowing into the exhaust chamber will affect the working environment of many mechanisms within it, impacting their normal operation. More seriously, if the water droplets flow into the exhaust chamber in the form of a jet, the high pressure generated by the localized jet will affect the structural safety of the mechanisms within the exhaust chamber.

[0004] Therefore, during the model-stage testing of the aircraft carrier design, detecting the water ingress through the vent holes during the underwater movement of the aircraft carrier model is of great guiding significance for guiding the aircraft carrier design and predicting the water ingress situation during the actual underwater movement of the aircraft carrier. In addition, when the aircraft carrier model emerges from the water, the water in the vent chamber will flow out of the vent hole due to the changes in the aircraft carrier model's attitude and pressure difference in the air after it emerges from the water, which makes it inconvenient to accurately measure the amount of water entering the underwater vent chamber. At present, there is no device or method for detecting the water ingress through the vent holes. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the shortcomings of the existing production technology, the applicant provides an exhaust port sealing device and an underwater vehicle model testing method using the same. This facilitates the accurate acquisition of the amount of water flowing into the exhaust chamber during the underwater movement of a vehicle with an exhaust port, and allows for the detection of the morphology and quality of the water flowing into the exhaust port. This is of great significance for guiding vehicle design and predicting water ingress during actual vehicle navigation.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows:

[0007] An exhaust port sealing device includes an internal piston, the outer peripheral surface of which matches the inner wall of the hull, and an exhaust port group is provided on the side wall of the hull. The outer peripheral surface of the internal piston slides and seals against the inner wall of the hull at the exhaust port group to seal the exhaust port group.

[0008] It also includes a piston cylinder fixedly installed on the outer shell of the aircraft carrier. The piston cylinder has a barrel-shaped structure. A drive structure is provided at the bottom of the piston cylinder. An internal piston is installed inside the piston cylinder. The outer peripheral surface of the internal piston slides and seals against the inner wall surface of the piston cylinder. The movement direction of the internal piston is consistent with the axial direction of the outer shell of the aircraft carrier. The bottom and inner wall surface of the piston cylinder form a variable volume cavity with the internal piston. The internal piston is connected to the internal piston through a connecting shaft.

[0009] The drive structure is used to drive the cylinder piston away from the bottom of the piston cylinder, and then the cylinder piston pushes the cavity piston to move through the connecting shaft and blocks the exhaust port assembly.

[0010] Its further technical solution lies in:

[0011] The drive structure includes a mounting hole located at the bottom of the piston cylinder. The mounting hole is a blind hole. The open end of the mounting hole communicates with the outside of the piston cylinder. The other end of the mounting hole is provided with a groove, which communicates with the variable volume cavity through a through hole.

[0012] A watertight wire connector is sealed inside the mounting hole. Gunpowder is placed in the groove. A control wire is installed in the watertight wire connector. One end of the control wire is connected to the control system, and the other end of the control wire is equipped with an ignition head. The ignition head is used to ignite the gunpowder. The smoke generated after the gunpowder is ignited instantly enters the variable volume chamber through the through hole. The volume of the variable volume chamber increases, driving the piston inside the cylinder away from the bottom of the piston cylinder. A vent hole is provided on the side wall of the piston cylinder. The vent hole cooperates with the piston inside the cylinder to connect the variable volume chamber with the outside.

[0013] The piston cylinder has an annular groove on the inner wall of the opening side, and the edge of the annular groove located on the bottom side of the piston cylinder has a chamfer. The vent hole is provided at the bottom of the annular groove, and there are multiple vent holes that are evenly distributed in the annular circumference.

[0014] The piston cylinder has a threaded portion on the inner wall of the opening side, and a limiting ring is installed on the threaded portion. The connecting shaft passes through the middle of the limiting ring, and the vent hole is located between the limiting ring and the bottom of the piston cylinder. The limiting ring is used to restrict the displacement of the piston inside the cylinder.

[0015] The piston inside the cylinder has the following structure: a disc-shaped body, one side of which is opposite to the bottom of the piston cylinder, and the other side of which is a thrust surface. A connecting post is provided in the middle of the thrust surface. The outer circumferential surface of the disc-shaped body slides and seals with the inner wall of the piston cylinder through a first O-ring. The thrust surface, the connecting post, and one end of the connecting shaft are engaged.

[0016] The connecting shaft has the following structure: it includes a tubular body, one end of which is threaded to the middle of the piston in the cavity, the other end of which is in contact with the thrust surface, and the inner hole of the tubular body is in contact with the outer circumference of the connecting column, for guiding the tubular body to move relative to the piston in the moving cylinder.

[0017] The end of the tubular body is provided with a baffle that mates with the side of the piston inside the cavity.

[0018] The structure of the intracavity piston is as follows: it includes a circular block body, and two annular sealing grooves are provided at intervals on the outer circumference of the circular block body. A second O-ring and a third O-ring are respectively installed in the two annular sealing grooves. The second O-ring and the third O-ring slide and seal with the inner wall of the hull. When the intracavity piston blocks the exhaust port group, the second O-ring and the third O-ring are located on both sides of the exhaust port group.

[0019] A test method for underwater vehicle models,

[0020] Each exhaust port group on the outer shell of the aircraft model is equipped with an exhaust port sealing device, and a medium sensor and a camera are installed inside the exhaust chamber of the aircraft shell.

[0021] It also includes the following steps:

[0022] Underwater detection: During the underwater movement of the floating model, the presence of liquid water is detected by a medium sensor, and the shape of water entering the exhaust chamber from the exhaust port group is captured by a camera.

[0023] Water discharge blocking: The constant height control module determines the water discharge time of the vent group that needs to be blocked and sends it to the control system. Based on the blocking action time of the blocking device at that location, the control system sends a blocking signal in advance. After the control system applies voltage to the control line, it ignites the gunpowder through the igniter. The combustion of the gunpowder generates high-temperature and high-pressure gas that pushes the piston in the cylinder. The piston in the cylinder moves through the connecting shaft. When the piston in the cylinder moves to the vent hole, the gas is discharged from the vent hole. The piston in the cylinder decelerates and stops. When the vent group that needs to be blocked discharges water, the piston in the cavity blocks the vent group.

[0024] After sealing off the vent holes in the vent chambers one by one in the order of water discharge, the water in the multiple vent chambers of the model aircraft is sealed inside the vent chambers.

[0025] Water volume measurement in the exhaust chamber: Open the exhaust chamber, collect the water inside, and measure the water mass.

[0026] As a further improvement to the above technical solution:

[0027] During the deceleration of the piston inside the cylinder, the connecting shaft separates from the piston inside the cylinder. The combination of the connecting shaft and the piston inside the cavity will continue to move along the inner surface of the ship's outer shell, and the piston inside the straight cavity will block the exhaust port assembly.

[0028] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0029] This invention features a compact and reasonable structure, and is easy to operate. It involves setting an internal piston inside the outer shell of the vehicle body to block the vent hole group, and fixing a piston cylinder inside the outer shell of the vehicle body. The piston inside the piston cylinder is driven by a drive structure mounted on the piston cylinder, thereby moving the internal piston to block the vent hole group. The two-stage piston blocking device has a simple structure and is easy to place inside the outer shell of the vehicle body. This allows the vehicle body model to achieve both underwater venting and vent hole blocking when it emerges from the water, making it easy to accurately obtain the amount of water flowing into the vent cavity during the underwater movement of the vehicle body with vent holes.

[0030] By installing a medium sensor, camera, and sealing device inside the exhaust chamber of the model aircraft, it is possible to obtain complete information on whether water enters the model chamber during the aircraft's movement and exhaust process in water, as well as the water's shape and mass. Detecting the amount of water flowing into the exhaust chamber, its shape, and its mass is of great significance for guiding aircraft design and predicting water ingress during actual aircraft navigation.

[0031] Furthermore, the present invention also has the following advantages:

[0032] (1) The structure of using gunpowder combustion to drive the piston in the cylinder makes the piston displacement response rapid. Compared with the structure of using a pneumatic cylinder or an electric cylinder to drive the piston in the cylinder, it is easier for the high-speed moving model to quickly start the sealing function of the exhaust port group during the water exit process, avoiding the delay in sealing the exhaust port group due to slow signal feedback of the drive structure, and making the obtained water inflow into the exhaust chamber more accurate. Using gunpowder combustion to drive the piston in the cylinder minimizes the percentage of the volume and weight of the drive structure in the model, achieving the function of sealing the exhaust port group while reducing the impact of the sealing device on the structure of the model.

[0033] (2) By setting multiple vent holes inside the annular groove, the annular opening of the entire annular groove is used as a venting channel. When the piston in the cylinder moves to the position of the annular groove, the chamfer at the corner of the annular groove is inclined into the annular groove, increasing the inner diameter of the piston cylinder at the chamfer, changing the sealing fit relationship between the outer circumferential surface of the piston in the cylinder and the piston cylinder at this point, accelerating the depressurization speed while making the variable volume cavity depressurize evenly, ensuring that the piston in the cylinder is subjected to uniform force and is not easily jammed during the depressurization process.

[0034] (3) By setting the thrust surface to contact and cooperate with the tubular body, after the piston in the cylinder stops, the connecting shaft and the piston in the cavity continue to move as a whole at a certain speed. The moving distance of the connecting shaft and the piston in the cavity can be adjusted by adjusting the power of the drive structure or changing the friction between the piston in the cavity and the side wall of the ship body. This makes it easy to make the sealing device suitable for each exhaust hole group without changing the overall structure of the sealing device. At the same time, it reduces the impact on the ship body during the sealing process and avoids affecting the attitude of the ship body model in motion.

[0035] (4) By installing the second O-ring and the third O-ring on the outer circumferential surface of the piston inside the cavity, when the exhaust hole group is blocked, the second O-ring and the third O-ring form a closed area with the outer circumferential surface of the piston inside the cavity, isolating the exhaust hole group from the inside of the exhaust cavity. By radially sealing the piston inside the cavity with the inner wall of the outer shell of the ship, it is not only convenient for the piston inside the cavity to slide relative to the outer shell of the ship, but also convenient for adjusting the sealing effect and sliding friction. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention (in the blocked state).

[0039] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention (axial sectional view, excluding the outer shell of the aircraft body).

[0040] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the piston cylinder of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cylinder piston structure of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting shaft of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting ring of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of two sets of sealing devices installed in one exhaust chamber according to the present invention.

[0045] Among them: 11. Outer shell of the aircraft body; 12. Sealing plate; 121. Adapter cover; 122. Retaining ring; 13. First thickened section; 14. Second thickened section; 15. Exhaust port assembly;

[0046] 2. Piston cylinder; 21. Drive structure; 211. Mounting hole; 212. Groove; 213. Through hole; 22. Threaded part; 23. Vent hole; 24. Annular groove; 241. Chamfer;

[0047] 3. In-cylinder piston; 31. Disc-shaped body; 32. First O-ring; 33. Connecting column; 34. Thrust surface;

[0048] 4. Connecting shaft; 41. Tubular body; 42. Inner hole; 43. Baffle; 5. Limiting ring; 51. Protrusion; 6. Intracavity piston; 61. Second O-ring; 62. Third O-ring; 63. Circular block body. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0050] Example 1:

[0051] like Figures 1-3 As shown, the exhaust port sealing device of this embodiment includes an inner piston 6. The outer peripheral surface of the inner piston 6 matches the inner wall of the hull shell 11. An exhaust port group 15 is provided on the side wall of the hull shell 11. The outer peripheral surface of the inner piston 6 slides and seals with the inner wall of the hull shell 11 at the exhaust port group 15 to seal the exhaust port group 15.

[0052] It also includes a piston cylinder 2 fixedly installed on the outer shell 11 of the aircraft body. The piston cylinder 2 has a barrel-shaped structure. A drive structure 21 is provided at the bottom of the piston cylinder 2. An internal piston 3 is installed inside the piston cylinder 2. The outer peripheral surface of the internal piston 3 slides and seals against the inner wall surface of the piston cylinder 2. The moving direction of the internal piston 3 is consistent with the axial direction of the outer shell 11 of the aircraft body. The bottom and inner wall surface of the piston cylinder 2 and the internal piston 3 form a variable volume cavity A. The internal piston 3 is connected to the cavity piston 6 through a connecting shaft 4.

[0053] The drive structure 21 is used to drive the cylinder piston 3 away from the bottom of the piston cylinder 2, and then the cylinder piston 3 pushes the cavity piston 6 to move through the connecting shaft 4 and blocks the exhaust port assembly 15.

[0054] Specifically, the outer shell 11 of the aircraft is the main structure of a missile-type aircraft, which is usually a rotating shell structure. The outer shell 11 has multiple exhaust port groups 15 on its side wall. The gas discharged from the exhaust port group 15 comes from the exhaust chamber inside the outer shell 11. Conventional aircraft models are segmented structures, and the exhaust port group 15 is a group of small holes distributed in a ring on the outer shell 11.

[0055] Figure 1 , Figure 9As shown in the figure, a section of the outer shell 11 of the aircraft body is shown. The piston cylinder 2 can be installed on the end sealing plate 12 of the outer shell 11. A retaining ring 122 for limiting the sealing plate 12 is also provided on the outer shell 11 outside the sealing plate 12. The sealing plates 12 at both ends of the outer shell 11 form an exhaust chamber inside the outer shell 11. In addition, in order to facilitate the adjustment of the piston cylinder 2 along the axial position of the outer shell 11 without changing the sealing state of the exhaust chamber, an adapter cover 121 is sealed and installed at the opening in the middle of the sealing plate 12. Then, the piston cylinder 2 is installed on the adapter cover 121, and the connection between the piston cylinder 2 and the adapter cover 121 is also sealed.

[0056] During underwater navigation, the amount of water in the exhaust chamber changes dynamically. When the model emerges from the water, the water in the exhaust chamber will flow out of the exhaust port due to the changes in the model's attitude and pressure difference in the air. At this time, the piston 6 in the chamber blocks the exhaust port group 15, which prevents the water in the exhaust chamber from flowing out.

[0057] The exhaust port sealing device of this embodiment is convenient to be applied in the testing of the model aircraft. When the model aircraft is moving underwater, the drive structure 21 is not activated, the piston 6 in the cavity is located on one side of the exhaust port group 15, and the gas in the exhaust cavity is discharged from the exhaust port group 15, which plays the role of reducing drag and stabilizing the trajectory. When the model aircraft emerges from the water, the drive structure 21 is activated, driving the piston 3 in the cylinder away from the bottom of the piston cylinder 2. The piston 3 in the cylinder pushes the piston 6 in the cavity to move through the connecting shaft 4 and seals the exhaust port group 15.

[0058] By setting an internal piston 6 inside the outer shell 11 of the vehicle body for sealing the exhaust port group 15, and fixing a piston cylinder 2 inside the outer shell 11 of the vehicle body, the internal piston 3 inside the piston cylinder 2 is driven by the drive structure 21 installed on the piston cylinder 2, thereby driving the internal piston 6 to move and seal the exhaust port group 15. The sealing device of the two-stage piston has a simple structure and is easy to place inside the outer shell 11 of the vehicle body, so that the vehicle body model can both vent underwater and seal the exhaust port group 15 when it emerges from the water, which makes it easy to accurately obtain the amount of water flowing into the exhaust chamber during the underwater movement of the vehicle body with exhaust ports.

[0059] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 , Figure 5 As shown, the drive structure 21 has the following structure: it includes a mounting hole 211 located at the bottom of the piston cylinder 2. The mounting hole 211 is a blind hole. The open end of the mounting hole 211 is connected to the outside of the piston cylinder 2. The other end of the mounting hole 211 is provided with a groove 212. The groove 212 is connected to the variable volume cavity A through a through hole 213.

[0060] A watertight wire connector is sealed inside the mounting hole 211. Gunpowder is placed in the groove 212. A control wire is installed in the watertight wire connector. One end of the control wire is connected to the control system, and the other end of the control wire is equipped with an ignition head. The ignition head is used to ignite the gunpowder. The smoke generated after the gunpowder is ignited instantly enters the variable volume chamber A through the through hole 213. The volume of the variable volume chamber A increases, driving the piston 3 inside the cylinder away from the bottom of the piston cylinder 2. The side wall of the piston cylinder 2 is provided with a vent hole 23. The vent hole 23 cooperates with the piston 3 inside the cylinder to connect the variable volume chamber A with the outside.

[0061] Specifically, the through hole 213 is a hole that penetrates the bottom of the piston cylinder 2; the watertight wire connector is used to seal the gunpowder, so as to isolate the gunpowder from the exhaust chamber. The inner end of the watertight wire connector abuts against the gunpowder inside the groove 212. When the control system sends a sealing signal, the control system applies voltage to the control line and acts on the ignition head to ignite the gunpowder; for safety reasons, a vent hole 23 is provided on the piston cylinder 2. When the piston 3 in the cylinder moves away from the bottom of the piston cylinder 2, when the piston 3 in the cylinder passes over or is located at the position of the vent hole 23, the pressure in the variable volume chamber A is released, and at the same time the piston 3 in the cylinder decelerates to prevent the piston cylinder 2 from exploding, and at the same time it is easy for the piston 3 in the cylinder to stop.

[0062] The structure of using gunpowder combustion to drive the piston 3 in the cylinder allows for rapid displacement response of the piston 3. Compared to structures where the piston 3 is driven by a pneumatic or electric cylinder, this facilitates the rapid activation of the sealing function of the exhaust port group 15 during the high-speed movement of the model. This avoids delays in sealing the exhaust port group 15 due to slow signal feedback from the drive structure 21, resulting in more accurate measurement of the water flow into the exhaust chamber. By using gunpowder combustion to drive the piston 3 in the cylinder, the percentage of the volume and weight occupied by the drive structure 21 in the model is minimized, achieving the function of sealing the exhaust port group 15 while reducing the impact of the sealing device on the structure of the model.

[0063] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 As shown, an annular groove 24 is provided on the inner wall of the opening side of the piston cylinder 2. A chamfer 241 is provided on the edge of the annular groove 24 located on the bottom side of the piston cylinder 2. A vent hole 23 is provided at the bottom of the annular groove 24. The number of vent holes 23 is multiple and they are evenly distributed in the annular circumference.

[0064] The chamfer 241 is annular, consistent with the annular groove 24.

[0065] By setting multiple vent holes 23 inside the annular groove 24, the annular opening of the entire annular groove 24 is used as a venting channel. When the piston 3 in the cylinder moves to the position of the annular groove 24, the inclined surface at the chamfer 241 of the annular groove 24 tilts into the annular groove 24, increasing the inner diameter of the piston cylinder 2 at the chamfer 241, changing the sealing fit relationship between the outer circumferential surface of the piston 3 in the cylinder and the piston cylinder 2 at this point, accelerating the depressurization speed while making the variable volume chamber A depressurize evenly, ensuring that the piston 3 in the cylinder is subjected to uniform force and is not prone to jamming during the depressurization process.

[0066] Furthermore, such as Figures 4-5 As shown, the inner wall of the piston cylinder 2 on the opening side is provided with a threaded part 22, and a limit ring 5 is installed on the threaded part 22. The connecting shaft 4 passes through the middle of the limit ring 5, and the vent hole 23 is located between the limit ring 5 and the bottom of the piston cylinder 2. The limit ring 5 is used to restrict the displacement of the piston 3 inside the cylinder to the inside of the piston cylinder 2.

[0067] The limiting ring 5 is set to prevent the initial velocity of the piston 3 in the cylinder from being too fast after depressurization, causing it to rush out of the piston cylinder 2, thereby further improving the safety and reliability of the sealing device. It can also be used to limit the movement stroke of the piston 3 in the cylinder and the piston 6 in the cavity when they are fixedly connected by the connecting shaft 4, thereby ensuring the movement stroke of the piston 6 in the cavity and accurately sealing the exhaust port group 15.

[0068] like Figure 8 As shown, the limiting ring 5 has a ring-shaped structure, and the inner ring of the limiting ring 5 is provided with multiple protrusions 51. The protrusions 51 are used to increase the contact area between the limiting ring 5 and the piston cylinder 2.

[0069] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 , Figure 6 As shown, the structure of the piston 3 inside the cylinder includes a disc-shaped body 31. One side of the disc-shaped body 31 is opposite to the bottom of the piston cylinder 2. The other side of the disc-shaped body 31 is a thrust surface 34. A connecting post 33 is provided in the middle of the thrust surface 34. The outer peripheral surface of the disc-shaped body 31 slides and seals with the inner wall surface of the piston cylinder 2 through the first O-ring 32. The thrust surface 34, the connecting post 33 and one end of the connecting shaft 4 are engaged.

[0070] Specifically, one side of the disc-shaped body 31 is opposite to the bottom of the piston cylinder 2, forming a variable volume cavity A with the bottom of the piston cylinder 2.

[0071] The engagement relationship between the thrust surface 34, the connecting column 33 and the connecting shaft 4 can be a detachable fixed connection, that is, when the piston 3 in the cylinder moves, it drives the piston 6 in the cavity to move, and when the piston 3 in the cylinder stops moving, the piston 6 in the cavity also stops moving.

[0072] The engagement relationship between the thrust surface 34, the connecting column 33 and the connecting shaft 4 can also be a relatively separable contact method. The piston 3 in the cylinder only applies thrust to the connecting shaft 4. When the piston 3 in the cylinder stops moving, the connecting shaft 4 and the piston 6 in the cavity continue to decelerate and move as a whole under the action of inertia until they reach the position of blocking the exhaust port group 15. The specific scheme is described as follows.

[0073] like Figure 5 , Figure 7 As shown, the structure of the connecting shaft 4 is as follows: it includes a tubular body 41, one end of which is threaded to the middle of the piston 6 in the cavity, and the other end of the tubular body 41 is in contact with the thrust surface 34. The inner hole 42 of the tubular body 41 is in contact with the outer periphery of the connecting column 33 to guide the tubular body 41 to move relative to the piston 3 in the moving cylinder.

[0074] The length of the connecting column 33 can be less than the distance the tubular body 41 moves relative to the piston 3 inside the cylinder.

[0075] When the power (energy of the gunpowder) of the drive structure 21 is constant, the overall moving distance between the connecting shaft 4 and the internal piston 6 can be controlled by adjusting the magnitude of the friction between the internal piston 6 and the side wall of the outer shell 11 of the vessel. Specifically, this can be achieved by replacing the sealing ring on the outer circumference of the internal piston 6. Alternatively, the overall moving distance between the connecting shaft 4 and the internal piston 6 can be adjusted by changing the initial velocity of the connecting shaft 4 and the internal piston 6 by changing the power (amount of gunpowder) of the drive structure 21. The overall moving distance and moving time of the connecting shaft 4 and the internal piston 6 can be obtained through force analysis and displacement transmission calculation. This technique is a conventional technique and can also be verified through a limited number of tests, so it will not be described in detail here.

[0076] After the piston 6 in the cavity is released from the thrust of the piston 3 in the cylinder, it moves toward the exhaust port group 15 in a decelerating manner, so that the piston 6 in the cavity, which has a relatively large volume and cross-sectional area, slows down and stops in a gentle manner, reducing the impact on the vehicle during the movement and avoiding affecting the attitude of the vehicle.

[0077] The time it takes for the control system to apply voltage to the control line and for the piston 6 inside the cavity to block the exhaust port group 15 is the blocking action time.

[0078] Typically, the sealing plate 12 of the piston cylinder 2 of the sealing device is the main structure of the aircraft model. Often, the distance between the exhaust port group 15 on different sections of the aircraft shell 11 and the sealing plate 12 is different. By setting the thrust surface 34 to contact and cooperate with the tubular body 41, after the piston 3 in the cylinder stops, the connecting shaft 4 and the piston 6 in the cavity continue to move as a whole at a certain speed. The overall moving distance of the connecting shaft 4 and the piston 6 in the cavity can be adjusted by adjusting the power of the drive structure 21 or changing the friction between the piston 6 in the cavity and the side wall of the aircraft shell 11. This makes it easy to make the sealing device applicable to each exhaust port group 15 without changing the overall structure of the sealing device, while reducing the impact on the aircraft during the sealing process and avoiding affecting the attitude of the aircraft model in motion.

[0079] In addition, to further improve the safety and reliability of the sealing device, a limiting structure for blocking the piston 6 inside the cavity can be provided on the outer shell 11 of the hull on one side of the exhaust port group 15, so as to prevent the piston 6 inside the cavity from passing through the exhaust port group 15 and failing to seal the exhaust port group 15.

[0080] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 , Figure 7 As shown, the end of the tubular body 41 is provided with a baffle 43 that cooperates with the side of the piston 6 inside the cavity.

[0081] When assembling the tubular body 41 and the inner piston 6, tighten the threads at the connection between the tubular body 41 and the inner piston 6 until the baffle 43 is in close contact with the side of the inner piston 6, ensuring a stable connection between the tubular body 41 and the inner piston 6.

[0082] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 As shown, the structure of the internal piston 6 is as follows: it includes a circular block body 63, and two annular sealing grooves are provided at intervals on the outer circumference of the circular block body 63. A second O-ring 61 and a third O-ring 62 are respectively installed in the two annular sealing grooves. The second O-ring 61 and the third O-ring 62 slide and seal with the inner wall of the outer shell 11 of the aircraft body. When the internal piston 6 blocks the exhaust port group 15, the second O-ring 61 and the third O-ring 62 are located on both sides of the exhaust port group 15.

[0083] By installing the second O-ring 61 and the third O-ring 62 on the outer circumferential surface of the piston 6 inside the cavity, when the exhaust port assembly 15 is blocked, the second O-ring 61 and the third O-ring 62 form a closed area with the outer circumferential surface of the piston 6 inside the cavity, isolating the exhaust port assembly 15 from the interior of the exhaust cavity. By radially sealing the piston 6 inside the cavity with the inner wall of the outer shell 11 of the navigator, it is not only convenient for the piston 6 inside the cavity to slide relative to the outer shell 11 of the navigator, but also convenient for adjusting the sealing effect and sliding friction.

[0084] Specifically, the circular block body 63 is provided with multiple hollow structures to support the overall mass of the piston 6 inside the cavity; the sliding and sealing parts of the second O-ring 61 and the third O-ring 62 with the inner wall of the outer shell 11 can be located on the first thickened section 13 and the second thickened section 14 on both sides of the exhaust port group 15. The exhaust port group 15 is located on the outer shell 11 of the aircraft carrier between the first thickened section 13 and the second thickened section 14, depending on the internal structure of the aircraft carrier model.

[0085] Example 2:

[0086] The underwater vehicle model test method using the vent sealing device of Example 1 is as follows:

[0087] Each exhaust port group 15 on the outer shell 11 of the model is equipped with an exhaust port sealing device, and a medium sensor and a camera are installed inside the exhaust chamber of the outer shell 11.

[0088] It also includes the following steps:

[0089] Underwater detection: During the underwater movement of the floating model, the presence of liquid water is detected by a medium sensor, and the shape of water entering the exhaust chamber from the exhaust port group 15 is captured by a camera.

[0090] Water discharge blocking: The constant height control module determines the water discharge time of the vent group 15 that needs to be blocked and sends it to the control system. According to the blocking action time of the blocking device at that location, the control system sends a blocking signal in advance. After the control system applies voltage to the control line, it ignites the gunpowder through the igniter. The combustion of the gunpowder generates high temperature and high pressure gas that pushes the piston 3 in the cylinder. The piston 3 in the cylinder pushes the piston 6 in the cavity to move through the connecting shaft 4. When the piston 3 in the cylinder moves to the vent hole 23, the gas is discharged from the vent hole 23. The piston 3 in the cylinder decelerates and stops. When the vent group 15 that needs to be blocked discharges water, the piston 6 in the cavity blocks the vent group 15.

[0091] After sealing off the vent holes 15 on the vent chamber one by one in the order of water discharge, the water in the multiple vent chambers of the navigable model is sealed inside the vent chamber.

[0092] Water volume measurement in the exhaust chamber: Open the exhaust chamber, collect the water inside, and measure the water mass.

[0093] Specifically, the monitoring methods and data acquisition methods mentioned in the above steps are as follows:

[0094] Both the medium sensor and the camera are connected to the data processing module of the control system. The data processing module is used to store the data obtained by the medium sensor and the camera. The medium sensor is an outsourced component, such as a water immersion sensor, which is used to monitor whether there is water accumulation in the exhaust chamber.

[0095] The model of the vehicle is equipped with a single-axis accelerometer to obtain acceleration signals in real time and integrate them to obtain displacement data of the model. The altitude control module obtains the current position of the model based on the displacement data and the predetermined movement path of the model. Based on the position of the exhaust port group 15 that needs to be blocked on the model, the water discharge time of the exhaust port group 15 is determined.

[0096] The time before the vent group 15 to be blocked is opened should be consistent with the time of the blocking action. The control system sends a blocking signal in advance and starts the blocking device so that the vent group 15 is blocked just as it opens.

[0097] Example 3:

[0098] Based on Example 2, the experimental process will be further described in detail:

[0099] 1. During underwater movement of the model vessel, because the pressure inside the exhaust chamber is greater than the external water environment pressure, the exhaust port group 15 exhausts gas outward. At this time, due to the pressure difference and local flow, some water droplets in the environment will flow into the exhaust chamber through the exhaust port group 15. The medium sensor arranged in the exhaust chamber works to detect the presence or absence of water medium, and at the same time, the high-definition camera captures the morphology of the water entering the exhaust chamber;

[0100] 2. When the vehicle approaches the water surface, the altitude control module determines the water surface time of the exhaust port group (15) that needs to be blocked and sends it to the control system. Based on the blocking action time of the blocking device at that location, the control system issues a blocking signal in advance. After the control system applies voltage to the control line, it ignites the gunpowder through the igniter. The combustion of the gunpowder generates high-temperature and high-pressure gas that pushes the piston 3 in the cylinder. The piston 3 in the cylinder pushes the piston 6 in the cavity along the inner surface of the vehicle's outer shell 11 through the connecting shaft 4. During this stage, the piston 3 in the cylinder, the connecting shaft 4, and the piston 6 in the cavity move at the same speed.

[0101] 3. When the piston 3 in the cylinder moves to the position of the vent hole 23, the piston 3 decelerates until it hits the limiting ring 5, and the speed drops to 0 m / s. During this process, since the piston 3 in the cylinder and the connecting shaft 4 are not fixedly connected to each other, the connecting shaft 4 separates from the piston 3 in the cylinder due to inertia. The combination of the connecting shaft 4 and the piston 6 in the cavity will continue to move along the inner surface of the outer shell 11 of the aircraft body, and will decelerate under the friction provided by the second O-ring 61 and the third O-ring 62 of the piston 6 in the cavity until it hits the limiting structure on one side of the exhaust port group 15, thereby ensuring that the two radial O-rings span across the inner surface of the outer shell 11 of the aircraft body on both sides of the exhaust port group 15, playing a sealing role. At this stage, the combination of the connecting shaft 4 and the piston 6 in the cavity separates from the piston 3 in the cylinder, and the two have different speeds;

[0102] 4. After the model is recovered, lay it flat and open the drain valve at the bottom of the exhaust chamber. At the same time, open the air inlet valve on the opposite side of the drain valve to ensure that water droplets can be discharged smoothly from the exhaust chamber. Place a high-precision measuring cup directly below the drain valve to accurately measure the volume of water flowing into the exhaust chamber, and thus obtain the mass of the water droplets.

[0103] The underwater vehicle model test methods in Examples 2 and 3, by installing a medium sensor, camera, and sealing device in the exhaust chamber of the vehicle model, can completely obtain whether water enters the model chamber during the vehicle's movement and exhaust process in water, as well as the water's morphology and mass. Detecting the amount of water flowing into the exhaust chamber, its morphology, and its mass is of great significance for guiding vehicle design and predicting water ingress during actual vehicle navigation.

[0104] The above description is an explanation of the present invention and not a limitation thereof. The scope of the present invention is defined by the claims. Within the scope of protection of the present invention, any form of modification may be made.

Claims

1. A vent sealing device, characterized in that: Includes an internal piston (6), the outer peripheral surface of which matches the inner wall of the aircraft body shell (11), and an exhaust port group (15) is provided on the side wall of the aircraft body shell (11). The outer peripheral surface of the internal piston (6) slides and seals with the inner wall of the aircraft body shell (11) at the exhaust port group (15) to block the exhaust port group (15). It also includes a piston cylinder (2) fixedly installed on the outer shell (11) of the aircraft body. The piston cylinder (2) has a barrel-shaped structure. A drive structure (21) is provided at the bottom of the piston cylinder (2). An in-cylinder piston (3) is installed inside the piston cylinder (2). The outer peripheral surface of the in-cylinder piston (3) slides and seals with the inner wall surface of the piston cylinder (2). The moving direction of the in-cylinder piston (3) is consistent with the axial direction of the outer shell (11) of the aircraft body. The bottom and inner wall surface of the piston cylinder (2) and the in-cylinder piston (3) form a variable volume cavity (A). The in-cylinder piston (3) is connected to the cavity piston (6) through a connecting shaft (4). The drive structure (21) is used to drive the cylinder piston (3) away from the bottom of the piston cylinder (2), and then the cylinder piston (3) pushes the cavity piston (6) to move through the connecting shaft (4) and seals the exhaust port group (15); The drive structure (21) is as follows: it includes a mounting hole (211) located at the bottom of the piston cylinder (2). The mounting hole (211) is a blind hole. The open end of the mounting hole (211) is connected to the outside of the piston cylinder (2). The other end of the mounting hole (211) is provided with a groove (212). The groove (212) is connected to the variable volume cavity (A) through a through hole (213). A watertight wire connector is sealed in the mounting hole (211). Gunpowder is placed in the groove (212). A control wire is installed in the watertight wire connector. One end of the control wire is connected to the control system. An ignition head is set at the other end of the control wire. The ignition head is used to ignite the gunpowder. The smoke generated after the gunpowder is ignited instantly enters the variable volume cavity (A) through the through hole (213). The volume of the variable volume cavity (A) increases, driving the piston (3) in the cylinder away from the bottom of the piston cylinder (2). A vent hole (23) is provided on the side wall of the piston cylinder (2). The vent hole (23) cooperates with the piston (3) in the cylinder to connect the variable volume cavity (A) with the outside.

2. A vent plugging device as in claim 1, wherein: The piston cylinder (2) has an annular groove (24) on the inner wall of the opening side. The annular groove (24) located on the bottom side of the piston cylinder (2) has a chamfer (241) on its edge. The vent hole (23) is provided at the bottom of the annular groove (24). The number of vent holes (23) is multiple and they are evenly distributed in the annular circumference.

3. A vent plugging device as in claim 1, wherein: The piston cylinder (2) has a threaded part (22) on the inner wall of the opening side. A limiting ring (5) is installed on the threaded part (22). The connecting shaft (4) passes through the middle of the limiting ring (5). The vent hole (23) is located between the limiting ring (5) and the bottom of the piston cylinder (2). The limiting ring (5) is used to restrict the displacement of the piston (3) inside the cylinder to the inside of the piston cylinder (2).

4. A vent plugging device as in claim 1, wherein: The structure of the cylinder piston (3) includes a disc-shaped body (31), one side of which is opposite to the bottom of the piston cylinder (2), and the other side of which is a thrust surface (34). A connecting post (33) is provided in the middle of the thrust surface (34). The outer circumferential surface of the disc-shaped body (31) slides and seals with the inner wall of the piston cylinder (2) through a first O-ring (32). The thrust surface (34) and the connecting post (33) are engaged with one end of the connecting shaft (4).

5. A vent plugging device as defined in claim 4, wherein: The structure of the connecting shaft (4) is as follows: it includes a tubular body (41), one end of which is threaded to the middle of the piston (6) in the cavity, the other end of which is in contact with the thrust surface (34), and the inner hole (42) of the tubular body (41) is in contact with the outer periphery of the connecting column (33) to guide the tubular body (41) to move relative to the piston (3) in the moving cylinder.

6. A vent plugging device as in claim 5, wherein: The end of the tubular body (41) is provided with a baffle (43) that cooperates with the side of the piston (6) inside the cavity.

7. The vent sealing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The structure of the intracavity piston (6) is as follows: it includes a circular block body (63), and two annular sealing grooves are provided at intervals on the outer circumference of the circular block body (63). A second O-ring (61) and a third O-ring (62) are respectively installed in the two annular sealing grooves. The second O-ring (61) and the third O-ring (62) slide and seal with the inner wall of the outer shell (11) of the aircraft body. When the intracavity piston (6) blocks the exhaust hole group (15), the second O-ring (61) and the third O-ring (62) are located on both sides of the exhaust hole group (15).

8. A test method for an underwater vehicle model utilizing the vent sealing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Each exhaust port group (15) on the outer shell (11) of the aircraft model is equipped with an exhaust port sealing device, and a medium sensor and a camera are installed inside the exhaust chamber of the outer shell (11). It also includes the following steps: Underwater detection: During the underwater movement of the model, the presence of liquid water is detected by a medium sensor, and the form of water entering the exhaust chamber from the exhaust port group (15) is captured by a camera. When water is discharged, the constant height control module determines the discharge time of the exhaust hole group (15) that needs to be blocked and sends it to the control system. According to the blocking action time of the blocking device at that location, the control system sends a blocking signal in advance. After the control system applies voltage to the control line, the gunpowder is ignited through the igniter. The combustion of the gunpowder generates high temperature and high pressure gas to push the piston (3) in the cylinder. The piston (3) in the cylinder pushes the piston (6) in the cavity to move through the connecting shaft (4). When the piston (3) in the cylinder moves to the vent hole (23), the gas is discharged from the vent hole (23). The piston (3) in the cylinder decelerates and stops. When the exhaust hole group (15) that needs to be blocked discharges water, the piston (6) in the cavity blocks the exhaust hole group (15). After sealing the vent holes (15) on the vent chamber one by one according to the order of water discharge, the water in the multiple vent chambers of the navigable model is sealed inside the vent chamber. Water volume measurement in the exhaust chamber: Open the exhaust chamber, collect the water inside, and measure the water mass.

9. The underwater vehicle model testing method as described in claim 8, characterized in that: During the deceleration process of the cylinder piston (3), the connecting shaft (4) separates from the cylinder piston (3), and the combination of the connecting shaft (4) and the cavity piston (6) will continue to move along the inner surface of the ship body shell (11), and the straight cavity piston (6) will block the exhaust port assembly (15).

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