An automatic cutting test method based on a cutting tool test bench

Abstract

The application discloses an automatic cutting test method based on a cutting tool test bench, belongs to the technical field of mining equipment test, and relates to a cutting tool test bench comprising a cutting tool, a multidirectional moving unit and a rock mass loading unit, wherein the cutting tool comprises a rotary cutter body, the rotary cutter body is located above the rock mass loading unit, and the rotation axis of the rotary cutter body is arranged horizontally and transversely; the multidirectional moving unit comprises a vertical driving mechanism, a longitudinal driving mechanism and a transverse driving mechanism; the method comprises the following steps: S1, sample loading; S2, tool alignment; and S3, cutting: the cutting test block is divided into a plurality of layers and a plurality of rows, the rotary cutter body is located at the starting end of the first layer and the first row, the rotary cutter body is driven to cut the first layer and the first row, the rotary cutter body and the rock mass loading unit are separated from each other, the rotary cutter body is driven to cut the first layer and the second row, and the first layer cutting is completed in the same way; the remaining layers are cut according to the first layer cutting process; the automation and intelligence are high, and the experimental efficiency can be remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of testing technology for mining equipment, and in particular to an automatic cutting test method based on a cutting tool test bench. Background Technology

[0002] With the deepening of underground coal mining in my country, the proportion of all-rock roadways has increased dramatically, placing higher demands on the rock-breaking performance of mining equipment. Currently, the cutting tools used for long-distance, high-depth hard rock tunnels and all-rock roadway excavation are mainly hobbing cutters and cutting teeth. Their performance and the rationality of related parameter matching directly affect rock-breaking efficiency and safety. Among related technologies, there are many performance testing methods for cutting tools in mining equipment. However, the types and varieties of equipment currently used for testing are quite complex, the testing process is not intelligent enough, lacks automation, and suffers from low testing efficiency and insufficient accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to solve the above-mentioned technical problems and provide an automatic cutting test method based on a cutting tool test bench. The cutting is completed under the full control of a vertical drive mechanism, a longitudinal drive mechanism, and a transverse drive mechanism. It has a high degree of automation and intelligence and can significantly improve experimental efficiency.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention discloses an automatic cutting test method based on a cutting tool test bench. The cutting tool test bench includes a cutting tool, a multi-directional moving unit, and a rock mass loading unit for loading the cutting test block. The cutting tool includes a rotating blade, which is located above the rock mass loading unit. The rotation axis of the rotating blade is arranged horizontally. The multi-directional moving unit includes a vertical driving mechanism, a longitudinal driving mechanism, and a transverse driving mechanism for driving the loading container and the rotating blade to move relative to each other in the vertical direction, the horizontal longitudinal direction, and the horizontal transverse direction, respectively. The method includes the following steps:

[0005] S1. Sample loading: Load the cut test block into the rock mass loading unit;

[0006] S2. Tool setting: Driven by the vertical drive mechanism, the longitudinal drive mechanism and the transverse drive mechanism, the rotating cutter body and the rock mass loading unit move relative to each other in the vertical, longitudinal and transverse directions from the initial position, so that the rotating cutter body contacts the top surface of the cutting test block, and the vertical movement value is recorded as the initial cutting value, and the rotating cutter body and the rock mass loading unit are driven to disengage from each other in the vertical direction to complete the tool setting;

[0007] S3. Cutting: Determine the rock-breaking width and depth of the cut test block. Divide the cut test block into several layers and rows. Drive the rotating cutter and the rock mass loading unit to move longitudinally and laterally relative to each other, so that the rotating cutter is located at the beginning of the first row of the first layer. Add the rock-breaking depth to the initial cutting value, and drive the rotating cutter and the rock mass loading unit to move vertically relative to each other. Then, the rotating cutter and the rock mass loading unit move longitudinally relative to each other along the first row of the first layer to start cutting until the rock breaking of the first row of the first layer is completed. The rotating cutter and the rock mass loading unit disengage vertically from each other and move laterally relative to each other, so that the rotating cutter is located at the end of the second row of the first layer. Referring to the cutting process of the first row of the first layer, complete the cutting of the second row of the first layer. Continue in this manner until the cutting of the first layer is completed. Then, according to the preset number of layers, referring to the cutting process of the first layer, complete the cutting of the remaining layers to complete the test.

[0008] Preferably, the cutting tool test bench further includes a tool mounting unit for mounting the cutting tool, and step S0 is included before step S1: tool mounting: the rotating tool body is mounted on the cutting tool, the cutting tool is then mounted on a hoisting trolley, and the cutting tool is then hoisted onto the tool mounting unit by the hoisting trolley.

[0009] Preferably, in step S0, before installing the rotating blade onto the cutting tool, the oil circuit needs to be checked. If the rotating blade is a cutting tooth roller, the oil circuit handle is switched to the rotary cutting oil circuit; if the rotating blade is a hob, the oil circuit handle is switched to the hob cutting oil circuit.

[0010] Preferably, the tool mounting unit includes a tool mounting base for mounting the cutting tool.

[0011] Preferably, in step S3, if the rotating blade is a cutting roller, during the cutting process, after cutting from the beginning to the end of the cutting row, it moves laterally to the beginning of the adjacent row; if the rotating blade is a roller, during the cutting process, it needs to cut back and forth at least once from the beginning to the end of the cutting row before it can move laterally to the adjacent row.

[0012] Preferably, in step S3, if the rotating blade is a cutting roller, the rotating blade moves longitudinally at a constant speed during the cutting process; if the rotating blade is a roller, the reciprocating longitudinal stroke during the cutting process includes a beginning stage, a middle stage, and a final stage, with the speed gradually increasing in the beginning stage, the speed remaining constant in the middle stage, and the speed gradually decreasing in the final stage.

[0013] Preferably, the cutting tool test bench also includes an information acquisition unit. In step S3, during the cutting process, the information acquisition unit measures and displays in real time the vertical cutting pressure, cutting depth, cutting spacing, rotating tool torque, rotating tool speed, horizontal longitudinal force, horizontal transverse force, vertical position value, horizontal transverse position value, and horizontal longitudinal position value.

[0014] Preferably, in step S3, the vertical drive mechanism drives the cutting tool to move vertically, the longitudinal drive mechanism drives the rock mass loading unit to move horizontally longitudinally, and the transverse drive mechanism drives the cutting tool to move horizontally transversely.

[0015] Preferably, the method further includes step S4, which follows step S3: sample removal. The rotating cutter and the rock loading unit return to their initial positions, and the remaining cutting test blocks on the rock loading unit are removed and cleaned.

[0016] Preferably, the cutting tool test bench is controlled by a control system, which includes hardware and software configurations. The hardware configuration includes a PC and a printer, and the software configuration includes control software installed on the PC. The control software includes a welcome screen, a main window, shortcut operation buttons, a data display panel, a curve panel, and a test control panel.

[0017] The present invention achieves the following technical effects compared to the prior art:

[0018] 1. In the automatic cutting test method based on the cutting tool test bench of the present invention, the cutting is completed under the full control of the vertical drive mechanism, the longitudinal drive mechanism, and the transverse drive mechanism. It has a high degree of automation and intelligence, which can significantly improve the experimental efficiency. The cutting test method divides the cutting test block into several layers and rows from top to bottom, and then cuts along each layer and each row in sequence. It matches the real working conditions and can better simulate the real cutting working conditions. It can effectively study the cutting performance and safety performance of the cutting tool, and provide experimental and data support for the optimized design and performance improvement of the cutting equipment. At the same time, dividing into rows and layers can maximize the use of the cutting test block to carry out cutting tests with different parameters, so that the cutting test block is used more fully to obtain more test parameters to lay a technical foundation and reference for the design of the cutting mechanism of coal mine machinery. Layering also allows the cutting test block to be used more fully.

[0019] 2. In the automatic cutting test method based on the cutting tool test bench of the present invention, the cutting tool and the cutting test block are moved relatively laterally, vertically and longitudinally to simulate the cutting process. The simulation process can better match the real working conditions, thereby ensuring the effectiveness of the test.

[0020] 3. In the automatic cutting test method based on the cutting tool test bench of the present invention, the cutting tool test bench also includes an information acquisition unit. During the cutting process, the information acquisition unit can measure and display in real time the vertical cutting pressure, cutting depth, cutting spacing, rotating tool torque, rotating tool speed, horizontal longitudinal force, horizontal transverse force, vertical position value, horizontal transverse position value and horizontal longitudinal position value, so as to provide control accuracy and control automation level. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the cutting tool test bench; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cutting tool test bench. Figure 3 This is a front view of the cutting tool test bench; Figure 4 This is a top view of the cutting tool test bench;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical drive mechanism and the horizontal drive mechanism; Figure 6 A bottom-view three-dimensional structural diagram of the transverse drive mechanism and the cutting tool; Figure 7 This is a top view of the lifting platform; Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the longitudinal drive mechanism; Figure 9 Left view of the longitudinal drive mechanism; Figure 10 A bottom view of the lateral drive mechanism; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical drive mechanism; Figure 12 Rear view of the longitudinal drive mechanism; Figure 13 This is the right view of the specimen box; Figure 14 This is a top view of the specimen box; Figure 15 This is a rear view of the cutting tool; Figure 16 This is the left view of the cutting tool; Figure 17 This is a right view of a drum-type cutting tool; Figure 18 This is a right view of a hobbing cutter.

[0024] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 100, Cutting tool test bench; 200, Cutting tool; 1, Support base; 2, Bearing platform; 3, Support column; 4, Lifting platform; 5, Vertical drive mechanism; 6, Longitudinal drive mechanism; 7, Working platform; 8, Transverse drive mechanism; 9, Tool mounting seat; 10, Specimen box; 11, Support frame; 12, Longitudinal slide rail; 13, Reinforcing plate; 14, Anchor bolt; 21, Lifting lug; 31, Vertical slide rail; 41, First mating part; 42, Second mating part; 4 3. Assembly slot; 51. Vertical load sensor; 52. Spherical self-aligning component; 71. Longitudinal slider; 72. Shielding component; 81. Transverse motor; 82. Transverse lead screw; 83. Transverse slide rail; 84. Transverse displacement sensor; 101. Annular box section; 102. Lifting component; 201. First tool holder; 202. Rotating mechanism; 203. Second tool holder; 204. Rotating tool body; 205. First coupling; 206. Second coupling; 207. Torque sensor; 208. Transition plate. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only one embodiment of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] This embodiment provides an automated cutting test method based on a cutting tool test bench, such as... Figures 1 to 18 As shown: The cutting tool test bench includes a cutting tool 200, a multi-directional movement unit, and a rock mass loading unit for loading the cutting test blocks. The cutting tool 200 includes a rotating cutter body 204, which is located above the rock mass loading unit, and its rotation axis is arranged horizontally. The multi-directional movement unit includes a vertical drive mechanism, a longitudinal drive mechanism, and a transverse drive mechanism, which are used to drive the rock mass loading unit and the rotating cutter body 204 to move relative to each other in the vertical, horizontal longitudinal, and horizontal transverse directions, respectively. The cutting test blocks are set with similar or equivalent rock mass properties according to the working conditions to be simulated in the experiment, such as rock blocks, coal blocks, etc. The automatic cutting test method includes the following steps:

[0028] S1. Sample loading: Load the cut test block into the rock mass loading unit. The rock mass loading unit can be a test specimen box or test specimen container 10, etc. The top needs to be open to facilitate the cutting of the cut test block by rotating the cutter body 204.

[0029] S2. Tool setting: Driven by the vertical drive mechanism, the longitudinal drive mechanism and the transverse drive mechanism, the rotating cutter body 204 and the rock mass loading unit move relative to each other in the vertical, longitudinal and transverse directions from the initial position, so that the rotating cutter body contacts the top surface of the cutting test block. The vertical movement value at this time is recorded as the initial cutting value, and the rotating cutter body 204 and the rock mass loading unit are driven to disengage from each other in the vertical direction to complete the tool setting.

[0030] S3. Cutting: Determine the rock-breaking width and depth of the cut test block, divide the cut test block into several layers and rows, drive the rotating cutter body 204 and the rock mass loading unit to move longitudinally and laterally relative to each other, so that the rotating cutter body is located at the beginning of the first row of the first layer. Then, add the rock-breaking depth to the initial cutting value, drive the rotating cutter body 204 and the rock mass loading unit to move vertically relative to each other, and start cutting along the first row of the first layer until the rock breaking of the first row of the first layer is completed. The rotating cutter body 204 and the rock mass loading unit disengage vertically from each other, and move laterally relative to each other, so that the rotating cutter body 204 is located at the end of the second row of the first layer. Referring to the cutting process of the first row of the first layer, complete the cutting of the second row of the first layer. Continue in this way until the cutting of the first layer is completed. Then, according to the preset number of layers, referring to the cutting process of the first layer, complete the cutting of the remaining layers to complete the test.

[0031] This automated cutting test method utilizes a vertical drive mechanism, a longitudinal drive mechanism, and a transverse drive mechanism to control the entire cutting process. It boasts high automation and intelligence, significantly improving experimental efficiency. Two cutting modes are available: rolling cutting and rotary cutting, each requiring a corresponding type of rotating cutter body 204. In rotary cutting mode, the rotating cutter body 204 is a toothed roller, which rotates passively during the rolling process without requiring active rotation. In rolling cutting mode, the rotating cutter body 204 is a hob, requiring active rotation. The differences between the two cutting processes will be detailed later. During the experiment, different parameters can be set for each layer and row, such as using different types of cutting cutters 200, different cutting speeds, and different numbers of reciprocations. Alternatively, the same parameters can be used, such as using the same type of cutting cutter 200, the same cutting speed, and the same number of reciprocations to complete the cutting of all layers and all rows, to explore the effects of different cutting depths and obtain the cutting tool performance of the cutting cutter 200.

[0032] The performance of cutting tools mainly includes cutting performance and safety performance. Cutting performance refers to the optimal cutting parameters for a certain rotary cutter body 204 to achieve the best rock-breaking effect, maximizing rock breaking within its optimal service life. The size and price of the cut coal blocks are also relevant; larger coal blocks tend to fetch higher prices, and the correlation between these parameters and cutting performance needs further investigation. Additionally, the wear resistance of the rotary cutter body 204 can be measured. For example, using cutting teeth of different materials and the same shape, under the same cutting conditions, it's possible to determine which tooth has better or worse wear resistance. Safety performance involves assessing the sparks and heat generated when the rotary cutter body 204 is breaking and cutting test blocks. Since this rotary cutter body 204 is used for cutting coal and breaking rock underground, excessive instantaneous sparks or heat could easily cause gas explosions. Furthermore, cutting coal generates dust and noise, the amount of which varies depending on the cutting parameters.

[0033] In this embodiment, as Figures 1 to 18 As shown, the cutting tool test bench also includes a tool mounting unit for mounting the cutting tool. Before step S1, there is step S0, which involves mounting the tool: the rotating tool body 204 is mounted on the cutting tool 200, the cutting tool 200 is mounted on the hoisting trolley, and then the cutting tool 200 is hoisted onto the tool mounting unit by the hoisting trolley.

[0034] In this embodiment, as Figures 1 to 18 As shown, in step S0, before installing the rotating cutter body 204 onto the cutting tool 200, the oil circuit needs to be checked. If the rotating cutter body 204 is a hob, the oil circuit handle is switched to the hob oil circuit. If the rotating cutter body 204 is a cutting tooth cylinder, the oil circuit handle is switched to the rotary cutting oil circuit.

[0035] In this embodiment, as Figures 1 to 18 As shown, the tool mounting unit includes a tool mounting base 9 for mounting a cutting tool, and the cutting tool 200 is fastened to the tool mounting base 9 by bolts.

[0036] In this embodiment, as Figures 1 to 18As shown, in step S3, if the rotating blade 204 is a cutting roller, the rotary cutting mode is activated. During the cutting process, the blade cuts from the beginning to the end of the cutting row, and then moves laterally to the end of the adjacent row. The rotary cutting mode is a unidirectional intermittent cutting operation. That is, after completing one straight cutting stroke, the cutting roller moves away from the surface of the cutting test block by a certain distance, and the rotating blade 204 and the test block return to the starting position relative to each other. Then, the cutting roller and the cutting test block move laterally relative to each other to the beginning of the adjacent row to start a new cutting, until one layer of the cutting test block is cut. Then, the cutting of the next layer of the cutting test block is repeated until the entire cutting test block is cut. If the rotating cutter body 204 is a roller cutter, the rolling and cutting mode is activated. During the cutting process, it is necessary to cut back and forth at least once from the beginning to the end of the cutting row before it can move laterally to the adjacent row. That is, it rolls once from the beginning to the end and then rolls once from the end to the beginning. The rolling and cutting mode is intermittent. After completing one linear rolling stroke and the roller cutter disengages from the cutting test block, the rotating cutter body 204 and the cutting test block automatically move laterally according to the set cut distance, realizing the lateral feed of the rotating cutter body 204 until one layer of cutting test block is rolled; the rolling process of the next layer of cutting test block is repeated until the entire cutting test block is rolled.

[0037] In this embodiment, as Figures 1 to 18 As shown, in step S3, if the rotating blade 204 is a cutting roller, the rotating blade 204 moves longitudinally at a constant speed during the cutting process; if the rotating blade 204 is a roller, the reciprocating longitudinal stroke during the cutting process includes a beginning stage, a middle stage, and a final stage. The speed gradually increases in the beginning stage, the speed remains constant in the middle stage, and the speed gradually decreases in the final stage.

[0038] In this embodiment, as Figures 1 to 18 As shown, in step S3, if the rotating cutter body 204 is a cutting toothed roller, the rock-breaking depth is 15-25mm; if the rotating cutter body 204 is a roller cutter, the rock-breaking depth is 5-10mm. Of course, the above are just reference values, and the cutting can be made deeper or shallower.

[0039] In this embodiment, as Figures 1 to 18As shown, the cutting tool test bench also includes an information acquisition unit. In step S3, during the cutting process, the information acquisition unit measures and displays in real time the vertical cutting pressure, cutting depth, rotating blade torque, rotating blade speed, horizontal longitudinal force, horizontal transverse force, vertical position value, horizontal transverse position value, and horizontal longitudinal position value. Specifically, the information acquisition unit includes a transverse displacement sensor 84, a longitudinal displacement sensor, a vertical displacement sensor, a transverse load sensor, a longitudinal load sensor, a vertical load sensor 51, a torque sensor 207, and a speed sensor. Through the sensors of each detection module, signal acquisition, amplification, A / D conversion, and data processing can be realized, thereby enabling real-time display of the changes in various parameters of the cutting tool test bench 100.

[0040] In this embodiment, as Figures 1 to 18 As shown, in step S3, the vertical drive mechanism drives the cutting cutter 200 to move vertically, thereby causing the rotating cutter body 204 to move up and down, applying normal pressure to the cutting test block. The cutting test block remains stationary, reducing the vertical swaying of the cutting cutter 200 and ensuring the stability of the rotating cutter body 204 during cutting. The longitudinal drive mechanism drives the rock mass loading unit to move horizontally longitudinally, thereby causing the cutting test block to move horizontally back and forth, simulating the relative movement between the roller cutter and the cutting test block under the rolling test mode. The cutting cutter 200 remains stationary, reducing the longitudinal swaying of the cutting cutter 200 and ensuring the stability of the rotating cutter body 204 during cutting. The transverse drive mechanism drives the cutting cutter 200 to move horizontally transversely, thereby causing the rotating cutter body 204 to move horizontally left and right, simulating the lateral cutting of a tunneling machine. The cutting test block remains stationary, reducing the swaying of the cutting test block.

[0041] In this embodiment, as Figures 1 to 18 As shown, it also includes step S4, which follows step S3: sample removal: the rotating cutter body 204 and the rock loading unit return to their initial positions, and the remaining cutting test blocks on the rock loading unit are removed and cleaned.

[0042] In this embodiment, as Figures 1 to 18 As shown, the process of rotary cutting mode and rolling cutting mode is explained in detail: For ease of description, vertical movement (Z direction, from top to bottom is +, stroke 500mm), horizontal movement (X direction, from left to right is +, stroke 600mm), and longitudinal movement (Y direction, from front to back is +, stroke 2400mm).

[0043] Initial position of cutting tool 200: X and Z displacements are “0”, y displacement is “2400”.

[0044] (I) Roller cutting mode, rotating cutter body 204 is a roller cutter:

[0045] ① Install the cutting tool: Check if the oil circuit is the hobbing oil circuit, switch the oil circuit handle to the hobbing oil circuit; select the hobbing tool and install the hobbing tool on the cutting tool 200, then hoist the cutting tool 200 installation fixture onto the sample carriage, and then hoist the installed hobbing tool and the cutting tool 200 onto the tool installation unit. Set the y-axis displacement to "1200", and transport the hobbing tool and the cutting tool 200 into the center of the main unit through the sample carriage. It will automatically stop after the y-axis is in place; then control the position of the tool installation unit through the X and Z-axis displacements to align the threaded hole of the tool mounting seat 9 with the mounting hole of the cutting tool 200, and finally fasten it to the tool installation unit with bolts; after the above work is completed, first control the Z-axis to return to the initial position (Z-axis displacement returns to "0"), then control the X and Y axes to return to the initial position (X-axis displacement returns to "0", y-axis displacement returns to "2400"), and the installation of the cutting tool 200 is completed.

[0046] ② Loading the specimen: Load the cut specimen (1500mm long × 600mm wide × 300mm high) onto the rock mass loading unit, such as the specimen box or specimen container 10.

[0047] ③, Pairing the knives:

[0048] Step 1: Given a displacement of "1200" in the y direction, the displacement will be automatically maintained after it reaches the target position;

[0049] Step 2: x is given "300", and it will automatically hold after it reaches the position;

[0050] Step 3: Move downwards in the Z direction until the rotating cutter body 204 contacts the rock surface, and record the Z displacement at that point (assuming the Z displacement at that point is "180"); then give the Z displacement target value "160", and automatically maintain it after it reaches the target position;

[0051] Step 4: Set "0" in the x direction, and it will automatically hold after it is in place; tool setting is complete.

[0052] ④ Test procedure: Determine the rock breaking width and depth, taking a rock breaking width of 30mm and a depth of 20mm as an example.

[0053] First layer of broken rock:

[0054] Step 1: Given a displacement of "200" in the z-axis, the displacement will be automatically maintained after reaching the target position;

[0055] Step 2: Set "30" in x direction, and automatically maintain it after it reaches the desired position;

[0056] Step 3: Set the y-axis to "0" and the velocity to "300mm / s". Hold the position automatically after reaching the target position. The first rock breaking is complete.

[0057] Step 4: Set x to "60", and automatically maintain it after it reaches the target position;

[0058] Step 5: Set the y-axis to "2400" and the speed to "300mm / s". Once in position, maintain the position automatically. The second rock breaking is complete.

[0059] After each rock breaking operation, the x-direction displacement increases by 30. Repeat steps two through five until the x-direction displacement reaches "600" or the entire rock surface is broken. Then, stop the z-direction displacement at "160" and the y-direction displacement at "2400". Check if the height of the specimen box or container 10 meets the rock breaking depth requirements for the next layer. If not, remove the first layer of the specimen box or container 10. At this point, the specimen box or container 10 can be made into a multi-layered, detachable structure for easy disassembly. Proceed with the second layer of rock breaking, as follows:

[0060] Step 1: Given a displacement of "220" in the z-axis, the displacement will be automatically maintained after reaching the target position;

[0061] Step 2: Given "570" in the x direction, it will automatically hold after reaching the position;

[0062] Step 3: Set the y-axis to "0" and the velocity to "300mm / s". Hold the position automatically after reaching the target position. The first rock breaking is complete.

[0063] Step 4: Given "540" in the x direction, it will automatically hold once it reaches its position;

[0064] Step 5: Set the y-axis to "2400" and the speed to "300mm / s". Once in position, maintain the position automatically. The second rock breaking is complete.

[0065] Each time rock breaking is completed, the x-direction displacement decreases by 30. Repeat steps two through five until the x-direction displacement reaches "0" or the entire rock surface is broken.

[0066] Repeat the rock-breaking process described above until the specimen box or specimen chamber 10 no longer meets the requirements for the next rock-breaking depth, at which point the test is complete.

[0067] Return to the initial position in the x, y, and z directions (X and Z displacements are "0", y displacement is "2400").

[0068] ⑤ Sample removal: Remove the specimen box or specimen chamber 10 and the remaining specimens, and clean the specimen box or specimen chamber 10 and the main unit to prepare for the next test.

[0069] (II) Rotary cutting mode, where the rotating blade 204 is a cutting toothed roller:

[0070] ① Tool Replacement: Check if the oil circuit is a rolling oil circuit, switch the oil circuit handle to the rotary cutting oil circuit; select the cutting tooth and install it on the drum, install the drum onto the cutting tool 200, then hoist the cutting tool 200 mounting fixture onto the sample carriage, and then hoist the installed drum and its cutting tool 200 onto the tool mounting fixture. Set the y-axis displacement to "1200", and use the sample carriage to transport the drum and its cutting tool 200 into the center of the main unit. It will automatically stop after the y-axis reaches the correct position; then control the position of the tool mounting unit through the X and Z-axis displacements, aligning the threaded hole of the tool mounting seat 9 with the mounting hole of the cutting tool 200, and fasten it to the mounting plate with bolts. Finally, connect the coupling. After the above work is completed, first control the Z-axis to return to the initial position (Z-axis displacement returns to "0"), then control the X and Y axes to return to the initial position (X-axis displacement returns to "0", y-axis displacement returns to "2400"), and hoist the tool mounting fixture down.

[0071] ② Sample loading: Place the cut test block (1500mm long × 600mm wide × 300mm high) into the test specimen box or specimen container 10, and then mount the test specimen box or specimen container 10 and the entire test specimen onto the test specimen cart and secure it. See the diagram below:

[0072] ③ Pairing knives:

[0073] Step 1: Given a displacement of "1200" in the y direction, the displacement will be automatically maintained after it reaches the target position;

[0074] Step 2: x is given "300", and it will automatically hold after it reaches the position;

[0075] Step 3: Move downwards in the Z direction until the cutter contacts the rock surface, and record the Z-direction displacement at that point (assuming the Z-direction displacement at that point is "180"); then set the target Z-direction displacement value to "160", and automatically maintain it after reaching the target position;

[0076] Step 4: Set "0" in the x direction, and it will automatically hold after it is in place; tool setting is complete.

[0077] ④ Test procedure: Determine the rock breaking width and depth, taking a rock breaking width of 30mm and a depth of 20mm as an example.

[0078] First layer of broken rock:

[0079] Step 1: Given a displacement of "200" in the z-axis, the displacement will be automatically maintained after it reaches the target position;

[0080] Step 2: Set "30" in x direction, and automatically maintain it after it reaches the desired position;

[0081] Step 3: Set the y-axis to "0" and the velocity to "300mm / s". Hold the position automatically after reaching the target position. The first rock breaking is complete.

[0082] Step 4: Set x to "60", and automatically maintain it after it reaches the target position;

[0083] Step 5: Set the y-axis to "2400" and the speed to "300mm / s". Once in position, maintain the position automatically. The second rock breaking is complete.

[0084] After each rock breaking operation, the x-axis displacement increases by 30. Repeat steps two through five until the x-axis displacement reaches "600" or the entire rock surface is broken. Then, stop the z-axis displacement at "160" and the y-axis displacement at "2400". Check if the height of the specimen box or container 10 meets the rock breaking depth requirements for the next layer. If not, remove the first layer of specimen boxes or containers 10 and begin the second layer of rock breaking, as follows:

[0085] Step 1: Given a displacement of "220" in the z-axis, the displacement will be automatically maintained after reaching the target position;

[0086] Step 2: Given "570" in the x direction, it will automatically hold after reaching the position;

[0087] Step 3: Set the y-axis to "0" and the velocity to "300mm / s". Hold the position automatically after reaching the target position. The first rock breaking is complete.

[0088] Step 4: Given "540" in the x direction, it will automatically hold once it reaches its position;

[0089] Step 5: Set the y-axis to "2400" and the speed to "300mm / s". Once in position, maintain the position automatically. The second rock breaking is complete.

[0090] Each time rock breaking is completed, the x-direction displacement decreases by 30. Repeat steps two through five until the x-direction displacement reaches "0" or the entire rock surface is broken.

[0091] Repeat the rock-breaking process described above until the specimen box or specimen chamber 10 no longer meets the requirements for the next rock-breaking depth, at which point the test is complete.

[0092] Return to the initial position in the x, y, and z directions (X and Z displacements are "0", y displacement is "2400").

[0093] ⑤ Sample removal: Remove the specimen box or specimen chamber 10 and the remaining specimens, and clean the specimen box or specimen chamber 10 and the main unit to prepare for the next test.

[0094] In this embodiment, as Figures 1 to 18 As shown, the cutting tool test bench is controlled by a control system, which includes hardware and software configurations. The hardware configuration includes a PC and a printer. The software configuration includes control software installed on the PC, which includes a welcome screen, main window, shortcut operation buttons, data display panel, curve panel, and test control panel.

[0095] (I) Hardware configuration: Pentium G4600 / 2G memory or above PC, SVGA color monitor (supporting 1600*900 or higher display resolution), mouse, various printers.

[0096] (II) Software Configuration: The PC's operating system is based on the Chinese Windows 98 / Me / 2000 / XP operating system. Control software is installed on the PC, including:

[0097] (1) Welcome screen: The welcome screen introduces the software and reads the parameters necessary for its operation, such as the sensor calibration coefficients, sensor full-scale value, and parameters related to hardware zeroing and software zeroing, to ensure that all controls operate correctly when entering the software. The welcome screen has a relatively long waiting time and is used to connect the axial, lateral, and reverse pressure EDC controllers.

[0098] (2) Main Window: The main window is the control center of the program. It is responsible for managing the switching of various function windows and system modes, and displays the basic information of the sample, the test control status information, and the control of various functions. This window is always located at the top of the screen. Description of main window contents: ① System Menu: Responsible for system management, such as data management, test form, and exiting the system: 1. Exit the system. ② Tools: Test Tools: 1. Start Drawing Curves: Starts drawing curves during the test and records the test data as a txt text file. The file is located in the Data folder under the software directory. The entire test data is named with the date and time of the start of the test. 2. Stop Drawing Curves: Stops drawing test curves and stops saving data. ③ Window: Controller 1. Vertical Controller: Servo Power On: Connects the servo controller EdCi20. The servo must be powered on to control the axial actuator; Servo Power Off: Disconnects the axial servo controller. 2. Longitudinal Controller: Move to Top Left Corner of Screen: Move the entire test window to the top left corner of the screen; Servo Power On: Connect the servo controller EdCi20. The servo must be powered on to control the lateral actuator; Servo Power Off: Disconnect the lateral servo controller. 3. Roller Controller: Servo Power On: Connect the servo controller EdCi20. The servo must be powered on to control the reverse pressure actuator; Servo Power Off: Disconnect the reverse pressure servo controller. 4. Lateral Controller: Servo Power On: Connect the servo controller EdCi20. The servo must be powered on to control the reverse pressure actuator; Servo Power Off: Disconnect the reverse pressure servo controller. 5. Power On All Servos: Perform servo power-on operation on the axial, lateral, and reverse pressure controllers. 6. Power Off All Servos: Perform servo power-off operation on the axial, lateral, and reverse pressure controllers. Note: Servo controller power-on and power-off operations are not required during normal testing. If the controller is on, the actuator has not been operated for a long time, and the oil pump is off, the servo controller must be powered on again when the oil pump is restarted. ④ Adjustment: Adjust and set the test parameters; Data storage settings: Set the storage time interval for static and dynamic test data; ⑤ Help: Display help or operating instructions.

[0099] (3) Shortcut operation buttons: Shortcut operation buttons include: 1. Data save settings shortcut button; 2. Start drawing curve shortcut button; 3. Stop drawing curve shortcut button; 4. Help shortcut button.

[0100] (4) Data display panel: It consists of three columns: ① One column indicates the name of the sensor (including vertical displacement, vertical load, longitudinal displacement, longitudinal load, drum speed, drum torque, lateral displacement, lateral load 1, lateral load 2); ② One column displays the real-time acquisition value of each sensor; ③ One column is a zeroing box. When selected, the sensor in the current row is cleared to zero. When released, the current value is displayed (among which, axial displacement, lateral displacement, reverse displacement, period Z and period C cannot be cleared to zero).

[0101] (5) Curve board: Curve display board, including: ① Display of axial curve vertical coordinate, see curve coordinate axis settings to change the curve coordinate axis; ② Select axial curve drawing (selectable vertical displacement-time, vertical load-time, longitudinal displacement-time, longitudinal load-time, drum speed-time, drum torque-time, lateral displacement-time, lateral load 1-time, lateral load 2-time curve and test data, high speed);

[0102] (6) Test Control Board: The test control board includes: 1. Static and Dynamic Test tabs, allowing you to switch test modes when performing static and dynamic tests; 2. Vertical control mode selection (either axial displacement or force control is available; after selecting a control mode, the axial actuator is controlled in a closed loop according to that control mode); 3. Vertical loading speed setting, after selecting the displacement control or force control mode, enter the test loading control speed; 4. Vertical loading control target, the target value to be achieved under displacement or force control mode; 5. Application button, the button to start execution after setting the control mode, loading speed, and loading target; 6. Stop button, the actuator automatically switches to displacement control and stops at the current position; 7. Longitudinal control mode selection (lateral displacement is available; after selecting a control mode, the longitudinal actuator is controlled in a closed loop according to that control mode); 8. Longitudinal loading speed setting, displacement control and force control... 9. After selecting the control method, enter the control speed for the test loading; 10. Longitudinal loading control target: the target value to be achieved under displacement or force control mode; 11. Apply button: the button to start execution after setting the control method, loading speed, and loading target; 12. Stop button: the actuator automatically switches to displacement control and stops at the current position; 13. Select roller control mode (optional reverse pressure speed control mode; after selecting the control mode, use this control mode to close the loop control of the axial actuator); 14. Roller loading speed setting: after selecting displacement control and force control mode, enter the control speed for the test loading; 15. Roller loading control target: the target value to be achieved under displacement or force control mode; 16. Apply button: the button to start execution after setting the control method, loading speed, and loading target; 17. Stop button: the actuator automatically switches to displacement control and stops at the current position.

[0103] Example 2

[0104] This embodiment provides a cutting tool test bench, mainly applied to the automatic cutting test method based on the cutting tool test bench in Embodiment 1, such as... Figures 1 to 18As shown, the system includes a rock mass loading unit, a cutter mounting unit, and a multi-directional movement unit. The rock mass loading unit includes a loading container with a loading cut-out at the top. A cutting test block can be filled into the loading container through the loading cut-out, exposing the top surface of the test block for subsequent cutting by the cutting cutter 200. The test block is selected based on the simulated working conditions, using blocks with similar or equivalent rock mass properties, such as rock blocks or coal blocks. The loading container can be an open box, basket, or cylinder. The cutter mounting unit includes a cutter mounting seat 9, located above the loading cut-out of the loading container. The cutter mounting seat 9 is used to mount the cutting cutter 200, which is suspended above the loading cut-out after installation. The multi-directional movement unit includes a vertical drive mechanism 5, a longitudinal drive mechanism 6, and a transverse drive mechanism 8. The vertical drive mechanism 5 drives the loading container and the cutter mounting seat 9 to move relative to each other in the vertical direction (see reference). Figure 1 (Up and down direction), the longitudinal drive mechanism 6 is used to drive the loading container and the tool mount 9 to move relative to the horizontal longitudinal direction (see reference). Figure 1 (Front-back direction), the lateral drive mechanism 8 is used to drive the loading container and the tool mount 9 to move laterally relative to the horizontal (see reference). Figure 1 (Left and right direction). The cutting tool 200 includes a rotating cutter body 204 that can rotate, and the rotation axis of the rotating cutter body 204 moves horizontally (see reference). Figure 1 (In the left-right direction), allowing the rotating cutter body 204 to rotate in the front-back direction. By attaching and detaching cutting tools 200 with different types of rotating cutter bodies 204 onto the tool mounting base 9, the cutting performance and safety performance of different types of rotating cutter bodies 204 can be measured. For example, a drum-type cutting tool, such as... Figure 17 When testing, roller-type cutting tools need to rotate actively, therefore an additional rotating mechanism is required to drive the roller-type cutting tool to rotate. As for hobbing cutting tools, such as... Figure 18 During the test, the rotation is passive. That is, when the cutting test block and the roller cutting tool move longitudinally relative to each other, the individual roller cutter is driven to rotate by friction to form the roller cutting.

[0105] The cutting test block is loaded into the loading container through the loading cutting port. Following the pre-planned cutting path on the test block, the vertical drive mechanism 5, longitudinal drive mechanism 6, and transverse drive mechanism 8 adjust the position between the cutter mounting base 9 and the loading container, positioning the rotating cutter body 204 at the starting point of the cutting path on the test block. The rotating cutter body 204 is then started, and with the cooperation of the vertical drive mechanism 5, longitudinal drive mechanism 6, and transverse drive mechanism 8, it begins cutting the test block according to the preset cutting path, thus obtaining the cutting performance and safety performance of the rotating cutter body 204. The working principle includes the following steps:

[0106] S1. Load the cut test blocks (rock blocks or coal blocks) into the loading container, and divide the cut test blocks into layers N1, N2...N from top to bottom. k The test block is divided into layers, along the transverse direction (i.e., the driving direction of the transverse drive mechanism 8), into rows 1…m. Each row of the test block in each layer is represented as N. km S2. Start the cutting tool 200 and drive it down to the first position via the vertical drive mechanism 5. Then, drive the loading container to move longitudinally back and forth via the longitudinal drive mechanism 6. After the rotating blade 204 rolls back and forth twice, the cutting of row N11 is completed; S3. Wait for N 11 After the test block is cut, the vertical drive mechanism 5 moves the cutting tool 200 upward, and then the horizontal drive mechanism 8 moves the cutting tool 200 to N. 12 Above the row; S4. Following steps S2 and S3 above, cut the subsequent rows until the rolling cut of the N1 layer test block is completed; S5. After the N1 layer test block is cut, use the vertical drive mechanism 5 to drive the cutting cutter 200 to move down to the second position, and then use the longitudinal drive mechanism 6 to drive the loading container to move longitudinally back and forth, so as to complete the rolling cut of N1 layer by rotating the cutter body 204 twice. 21 Line truncation; S6, waiting for N 21 After the test block is cut, the vertical drive mechanism 5 drives the cutting tool 200 upward, and then the horizontal drive mechanism 8 drives the cutting tool 200 to move to N. 22 Above the row; S7, following steps S5 and S6 above, truncate the subsequent rows until the truncation test block of layer N2 is completed; S8, following steps S4 and S7 above, truncate the subsequent layers until the N2 layer is completed. k The cutting of the layer cutting test block.

[0107] By employing a segmented and layered cutting process, which closely mirrors real-world working conditions, the simulation process becomes more realistic, and the experiments more effective. The width (lateral) of the cutting test block is typically 600mm, with a rotating cutter body of 204. For example, the width of a cutting roller (which can accommodate multiple cutting teeth in different positions and quantities) is 300mm, while the cutting edge width of a hobbing cutter is narrower, ranging from 22 to 30mm. Segmentation allows for maximum utilization of the cutting test block within the fully utilized operating range, enabling cutting experiments with different parameters to obtain more experimental parameters that provide a technical foundation and reference for the design of cutting mechanisms in coal mining machinery. Layering also allows for more efficient use of the stone, as the cutting principle involves the loading container containing the stone reciprocating through a longitudinal drive mechanism 6, and a vertical drive mechanism 5 lowering a certain depth of the cutter for rolling cutting.

[0108] In this embodiment, as Figures 1 to 18As shown, the longitudinal drive mechanism includes a support base 1, on which a longitudinal slide rail 12 and a longitudinal moving device are provided. The longitudinal slide rail 12 moves along... Figure 1 The container extends in the front-to-back direction. The support base 1 can be placed on the foundation, but for stability, it is preferably fixed to the foundation using anchor bolts 14. The loading container is slidably connected to the longitudinal slide rail 12. Specifically, a longitudinal slider 71 can be installed at the bottom of the loading container, and the longitudinal slider 71 is slidably connected to the longitudinal slide rail 12, allowing the loading container to move along the extension direction of the longitudinal slide rail 12. Figure 12 As shown, two longitudinal sliders 71 can be provided, and the two longitudinal sliders 71 can be arranged at intervals in the left-right direction. Each longitudinal slider 71 can slide and engage with the corresponding longitudinal slider 71. Of course, more than two longitudinal sliders 71 can also be provided. Preferably, the support base 1 is provided with two support frames 11. The two support frames 11 extend along the longitudinal direction (front-back direction) of the support base 1 and are arranged at intervals along the transverse direction (left-right direction) of the support base 1. Each support frame 11 can be provided with a longitudinal slide rail 12 at its top, and the longitudinal slide rail 12 can be fixed to the support frame 11 by bolts. The longitudinal moving device includes a longitudinal positioning part and a longitudinal moving part. The longitudinal positioning part is installed on the support base 1, and the longitudinal moving part can move along the extension direction of the longitudinal slide rail 12, that is... Figure 1 The longitudinal moving part moves forward and backward, and is connected to the loading container, thereby driving the loading container to move forward and backward, achieving relative forward and backward movement with the rotating blade 204. Preferably, the longitudinal moving device can be a telescopic cylinder-type moving mechanism, such as a hydraulic telescopic cylinder, a pneumatic telescopic cylinder, or an electric telescopic cylinder. The cylinder body (longitudinal positioning part) of the telescopic cylinder is fixedly mounted on the support base 1, and the piston rod (longitudinal moving part) of the telescopic cylinder is fixedly connected to the loading container. The axis of the piston rod is parallel to the extension direction of the longitudinal slide rail 12, so that the extension and retraction of the piston rod can drive the loading container to move on the longitudinal slide rail 12. The longitudinal moving device can also be a ball screw moving mechanism. Specifically, the ball screw (longitudinal positioning part) is rotatably connected to the support base 1, and the nut (longitudinal moving part) is rotatably connected to the loading container through a bearing. The motor shaft of the motor is connected to the ball screw, driving the ball screw to rotate, and the nut drives the loading container to move along the longitudinal slide rail 12.

[0109] Furthermore, in this embodiment, as Figures 1 to 18 As shown, the lateral drive mechanism includes a lifting platform 4, which is raised and lowered via a longitudinal drive mechanism. The bottom of the lifting platform 4 is equipped with a lateral slide rail 83 and a lateral moving device. The lateral slide rail 83 extends in the following direction: Figure 1The tool mounting base 9 is slidably connected to the transverse slide rail 83. Specifically, a transverse slider can be installed on the top of the tool mounting base 9, and the transverse slider is slidably connected to the transverse slide rail 83. The transverse moving device includes a transverse positioning part and a transverse moving part. The transverse positioning part is installed at the bottom of the lifting platform 4, and the transverse moving part can move along the extension direction of the transverse slide rail 83. Figure 1 The lateral moving part is fixedly connected to the tool mounting seat 9, thereby driving the tool mounting seat 9 to move left and right, realizing the left and right movement of the rotating tool body 204. Preferably, the lateral moving device can be a telescopic cylinder type moving mechanism, such as a hydraulic telescopic cylinder, a pneumatic telescopic cylinder, or an electric telescopic cylinder. The cylinder body (lateral positioning part) of the telescopic cylinder is fixedly installed on the lifting platform 4, and the piston rod (lateral moving part) of the telescopic cylinder is fixedly connected to the tool mounting seat 9. The axis of the piston rod is parallel to the extension direction of the lateral slide rail 83. Thus, the extension and retraction of the piston rod can drive the tool mounting seat 9 to move on the lateral slide rail 83. The lateral moving device can also be a ball screw moving mechanism. Specifically, the lateral screw 82 (lateral positioning part) is rotatably connected to the lifting platform 4, and the nut (lateral moving part) is rotatably connected to the tool mounting seat 9 through a bearing. The lateral motor 81 or the motor shaft of a motor is connected to the lateral screw 82, driving the lateral screw 82 to rotate. The nut drives the tool mounting seat 9 to move along the lateral slide rail 83. The lateral motor 81 can be a hydraulic motor.

[0110] Furthermore, in this embodiment, as Figures 1 to 18 As shown, the vertical drive mechanism 5 includes a lifting device and a support column 3, with the support column 3 mounted on the support base 1. A support platform 2 is fixedly connected to the support column 3, and the support platform 2 is located above the tool mounting seat 9. The lifting device includes a lifting positioning part and a lifting movable part. The lifting positioning part is mounted on the support platform 2, and the lifting movable part can move up and down. The lifting movable part is connected to the lifting platform 4. Preferably, the lifting device can be a telescopic cylinder type lifting mechanism, such as a hydraulic telescopic cylinder, a pneumatic telescopic cylinder, or an electric telescopic cylinder. The cylinder body (lifting positioning part) of the telescopic cylinder is fixedly mounted on the support platform 2, and the piston rod (lifting movable part) of the telescopic cylinder is fixedly connected to the lifting platform 4. The axis of the piston rod is parallel to the axis of the support column 3. Thus, the extension and retraction of the piston rod can drive the lifting platform 4 to move up and down, thereby driving the tool mounting seat 9 to move up and down, ultimately realizing the lifting and lowering of the rotating tool body 204.

[0111] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the lifting platform 4 may be provided with multiple lifting lugs 21 (lifting screws). Through the multiple lifting lugs 21, the lifting movable part can be connected to the lifting lugs 21 through the connecting component, which facilitates the lifting of the lifting platform 4. Of course, it is also possible not to provide lifting lugs 21 and directly connect the lifting movable part to the lifting platform 4.

[0112] In this embodiment, as Figures 1 to 18As shown, if the lifting device, lateral movement device, and longitudinal movement device use hydraulic telescopic cylinders or ball screws driven by hydraulic motors, the cutting tool test bench 100 needs to be equipped with a hydraulic system. The hydraulic system includes multiple pump units, each connected to the hydraulic telescopic cylinders of the lifting device, lateral movement device, and longitudinal movement device, and used to independently drive the vertical drive mechanism 5, lateral drive mechanism 8, and longitudinal drive mechanism 6. Preferably, the hydraulic system adopts a combined hydraulic station with a separate pump and separate oil supply mode. Each oil pump motor unit (pump unit) can be independently controlled, allowing for flexible selection of one or more pump units to operate according to the test items, saving energy and reducing system heat generation while meeting test requirements. The hydraulic system can also be equipped with pressure sensors, temperature sensors, level gauges, and alarm devices. Furthermore, the hydraulic system can be configured with a filter device, ensuring the cleanliness of the hydraulic oil and the long-term stable operation of the servo system. The hydraulic system can also be equipped with a self-depressurization function; for example, a pressure relief valve can be installed on the corresponding hydraulic pipeline. Taking the vertical drive mechanism 5 as an example, during the test, due to the shape of the cutting teeth of the cutting tool 200 and the discontinuous arrangement on the roller (hob), the cutting tool 200 and the cylinder will be impacted. When the impact load exceeds the set maximum normal pressure, the vertical cylinder of the lifting device will automatically depressurize for protection, thereby protecting the rotating cutter body 204 from abnormal damage. The hydraulic telescopic cylinder of the longitudinal drive mechanism 6 is equipped with a first servo valve group and a second servo valve group. The feed flow rate of the first servo valve group is less than that of the second servo valve group. The first servo valve group is used to realize the small-process drive of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder of the longitudinal drive mechanism 6, and the second servo valve group is used to realize the large-process drive of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder of the longitudinal drive mechanism 6.

[0113] In this embodiment, as Figures 1 to 18As shown, the system includes multiple support columns 3, which are mounted on a support base 1 and form a working space along the support base 1. A lifting platform 4 is located within the working space, and the lifting platform 4 is slidably connected to at least some of the support columns 3. Preferably, the lifting platform 4 is slidably connected to all the support columns 3. Specifically, the lifting platform 4 is provided with multiple assembly slots 43, which are arranged around the perimeter of the lifting platform 4, and the multiple support columns 3 are fitted one-to-one into the multiple assembly slots 43. Each support column 3 is equipped with a vertical slide rail 31, which extends along the support column 3. Each assembly slot 43 is equipped with a first mating part 41 and a second mating part 42. The first mating part 41 engages with one side of the vertical guide rail via a roller or slider, and the second mating part 42 engages with the other side of the vertical guide rail via rolling or sliding. The rolling engagement is like a rolling guide rail block (similar to a roller). Thus, the first mating part 41 and the second mating part 42 can respectively achieve rolling engagement with the vertical slide rail 31. On the one hand, this facilitates the up and down sliding adjustment of the lifting platform 4, and on the other hand, it can enhance the limiting and constraint effect, prevent the lifting platform 4 from rotating in the working space, and improve the stability of movement. Preferably, there are four support columns 3, forming a rectangular working space. The lifting platform 4 is a rectangular plate, with four assembly slots 43 at its four corners. The vertical slide rails 31 on the support columns 3 can have a triangular or rectangular cross-section. The assembly slots 43 can be rectangular slots, each including two vertically arranged slot walls. The first mating part 41 can be installed on one slot wall, and the second mating part 42 can be installed on the other slot wall. The support columns 3 can be fixed to the support base 1 by welding, bolting, or other connection methods. The bearing platform 2 can be a rectangular plate, and can be fixed to the top of the multiple support columns 3 by welding, bolting, or other fixing methods.

[0114] Furthermore, in this embodiment, as Figures 1 to 18 As shown, the support base 1 is provided with multiple reinforcing plates 13. These reinforcing plates 13 are positioned one-to-one within the angle formed by the multiple supporting columns 3 and the support base 1; that is, one vertical edge of each reinforcing plate 13 is connected to a supporting column 3, and the bottom edge of each reinforcing plate 13 extends longitudinally along the support base 1. Thus, the reinforcing plates 13 can support the supporting columns 3 in the front-back direction, ensuring high structural strength of the supporting columns 3 in the front-back direction and meeting the adjustment requirements of the longitudinal drive mechanism 6. The reinforcing plates 13 are provided with multiple weight-reduction holes, which can be arranged through topology optimization design, thereby ensuring the structural strength of the reinforcing plates 13 while saving materials and reducing costs.

[0115] In this embodiment, as Figures 1 to 18As shown, the loading container includes a specimen box 10 and a working platform 7. The working platform 7 is slidably connected to a longitudinal slide rail 12, and the specimen box 10 is mounted on the working platform 7. The specimen box 10 can be detachably mounted on the working platform 7 using fasteners such as screws. The longitudinal movable part of the longitudinal drive mechanism 6 (such as the nut of a ball screw or the piston rod of a telescopic cylinder) is connected and fixed to the working platform 7. The longitudinal movable part is fitted between two support frames 11, thereby providing a protective effect. Preferably, the specimen box 10 is a rectangular box.

[0116] In this embodiment, as Figures 1 to 18 As shown, a shielding member 72 can be connected between the working platform 7 and the support base 1. The shielding member 72 is retractable, so that it can be extended and pulled out when the working platform 7 moves to provide shielding protection. Specifically, the shielding member 72 may include a stainless steel protective cover located above the longitudinal drive mechanism 6 and protective baffles located on the left and right sides of the working platform 7. When the working platform 7 moves under the action of the longitudinal drive mechanism 6, the stainless steel protective cover and protective baffles can be extended and retracted with the back and forth movement of the working platform 7, so that they can always provide protection. Preferably, the shielding member 72 may also include a top plate, which can be fixed to the outermost side of the support base 1 by screws or the like, so that it can cooperate with the stainless steel protective cover and protective baffles to form an integral protection, avoiding the longitudinal drive mechanism 6 from being disturbed by debris and sewage generated during the cutting process.

[0117] Furthermore, in this embodiment, as Figures 1 to 18 As shown, the specimen box 10 comprises several annular box sections 101 stacked sequentially from top to bottom to form the specimen box 10. Two adjacent annular box sections 101 are detachably connected so that the height of the specimen box 10 can be adjusted to match the height of the cut specimen. Each annular box section 101 has a lifting member 102 on its outer periphery for lifting the annular box section 101. Therefore, during the test, the height of the specimen box 10 can be adjusted to match the height of the cut specimen; that is, as the height of the cut specimen decreases, the upper annular box sections 101 can be disassembled sequentially. Preferably, each annular box section 101 may have a tongue-and-groove structure, which allows for the interlocking of two adjacent annular box sections 101, thereby enhancing the stability and strength of the structure.

[0118] In this embodiment, as Figures 1 to 18As shown, the cutting tool 200 includes a tool mounting bracket, which is detachably connected to the tool mounting base 9. The rotating tool body 204 is rotatably connected to the tool mounting bracket via a tool shaft. The tool mounting bracket has a rotating shaft, which is coaxially connected to the tool shaft. Specifically, the cutting tool 200 is divided into roller type and hobbing type. The hobbing type is passively rotated, so the rotating shaft does not require additional rotating equipment; that is, the rotating shaft is a passive rotating shaft. The roller type requires active rotation, therefore, a rotating mechanism 202 is provided on the tool mounting bracket. The rotating mechanism 202 includes an actively rotating shaft, which is coaxially connected to the tool shaft. Specifically, the tool mounting bracket includes a first tool holder 201 and a second tool holder 203. The first tool holder 201 is detachably mounted below the tool mounting base 9, and the rotating mechanism 202 and the second tool holder 203 are mounted on the first tool holder 201. The rotating tool body 204 is assembled inside the second tool holder 203. Preferably, the rotating mechanism 202 includes a roller motor, the outer side of which can be connected to a hydraulic system via a mounting pipe joint and flange. The upper part of the first tool holder 201 can be connected to the transition plate 208 and the tool mounting seat 9 in sequence by bolts, and one side of the first tool holder 201 can be connected and fixed to the roller motor by bolts.

[0119] In this embodiment, as Figures 1 to 18As shown, the cutting tool test bench 100 also includes an information acquisition unit, which includes a lateral displacement sensor 84, a longitudinal displacement sensor, a vertical displacement sensor, a lateral load sensor, a longitudinal load sensor, a vertical load sensor 51, a torque sensor 207, and a speed sensor. Through the sensors in each detection module, signal acquisition, amplification, A / D conversion, and data processing can be achieved, thereby displaying the changes in various parameters of the cutting tool test bench 100 in real time. Specifically, the lateral displacement sensor 84 includes a lateral fixed part and a lateral moving part. The lateral fixed part is fixedly connected to the lifting platform 4, and the lateral moving part is fixedly connected to the tool mounting seat 9. When the tool mounting seat 9 moves, the relative position of the fixed part and the moving part changes. This positional change allows for monitoring of the moving position of the tool mounting seat 9, thereby enabling position adjustment control of the cutting tool 200 on the tool mounting seat 9. The lateral displacement sensor 84 can specifically be a Hall effect displacement sensor, a photoelectric displacement sensor, etc. The longitudinal displacement sensor includes a longitudinal fixed part and a longitudinal moving part. The longitudinal fixed part is fixedly connected to the support base 1, and the longitudinal moving part is fixedly connected to the working platform 7. The vertical displacement sensor includes a vertical fixed part and a vertical moving part. The vertical fixed part is fixedly connected to the lifting and positioning part, and the vertical moving part is fixedly connected to the lifting and movable part. A lateral load sensor is located between the lateral moving part and the tool mounting seat 9. Specifically, two lateral load sensors are used, one 200kN and the other 200kN. If the lateral drive mechanism 8 uses a lateral hydraulic telescopic cylinder, the lateral load sensor is located between the piston rod of the telescopic cylinder and the tool mounting seat 9. A longitudinal load sensor is located between the longitudinal moving part and the working platform 7, and a 400kN load sensor is used. If the longitudinal drive mechanism 6 uses a longitudinal hydraulic telescopic cylinder, the longitudinal load sensor is located between the piston rod of the longitudinal hydraulic telescopic cylinder and the working platform 7. A vertical load sensor 51 is installed between the lifting and movable part and the lifting platform 4. The magnitude of the driving force applied by the vertical drive mechanism 5 can be monitored by the vertical load sensor 51. Preferably, the vertical load sensor 51 is a 1000kN load sensor. If the vertical drive mechanism uses a lifting hydraulic cylinder, the vertical load sensor 51 is located between the piston rod of the lifting hydraulic cylinder and the lifting platform 4.A torque sensor 207 is positioned between the cutter shaft and the rotating shaft of the rotating mechanism 202. Specifically, the rotating shaft is connected to the internal spline of the first coupling 205 via a splined shaft for torque transmission. The first coupling 205 is a spline-double key coupling. The torque sensor 207 is connected to the key side of the first coupling 205 and is bolted to a sensor bracket. The sensor bracket is then bolted to a transition plate 208 and a tool mounting base 9. The other end of the torque sensor 207 is connected to a second coupling 206, which can also be a double key coupling. The other end of the second coupling 206 is connected to the cutter shaft of the rotating cutter body 204. A speed sensor is mounted on the cutter shaft. A single-row tapered roller bearing and an end cap can be mounted on the second tool post 203. The cutter shaft of the rotating cutter body 204 can be rotatably mounted within the single-row tapered roller bearing and end cap. The outer end cap can be secured with a plug. In summary, the cutting depth of the cutting tool 200 is controlled by the vertical drive mechanism 5 and the vertical displacement sensor, while the radial load of the rotary cutting device is controlled by the vertical load sensor 51. The cutting tool 200 is driven to move laterally in a linear fashion by the transverse drive mechanism 8 and the transverse displacement sensor 84, the cutting width of the cutting tool 200 is controlled by the encoder of the servo motor, and the axial load of the cutting tool 200 is measured by the transverse load sensor. The specimen box 10 is pushed to move longitudinally along the longitudinal guide rail 12 by the longitudinal drive mechanism 6 and the longitudinal displacement sensor, and the tangential load of the roller cutting teeth in the cutting tool 200 is detected by the longitudinal load sensor. The rotational speed and torque of the roller-type cutting tool 200 are controlled by the torque sensor 207 and the speed sensor of the rotary cutting device.

[0120] In this embodiment, as Figures 1 to 18 As shown, a spherical self-aligning component 52 is provided between the vertical load sensor 51 and the lifting platform 4. The spherical self-aligning component 52 can be a spherical self-aligning bearing, ball joint, or other spherical self-aligning device, which can effectively eliminate the influence of lateral or longitudinal movement on the lateral drive mechanism 8 and the vertical load sensor 51.

[0121] Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

Claims

1. An automatic cutting test method based on a cutting tool test bench, the cutting tool test bench comprising a cutting tool, a multi-directional moving unit, and a rock mass loading unit for loading cutting test blocks, the rock mass loading unit comprising a loading container, the cutting tool comprising a rotating blade, the rotating blade being located above the rock mass loading unit, the rotating blade's rotation axis being arranged horizontally, the multi-directional moving unit comprising a vertical drive mechanism, a longitudinal drive mechanism, and a transverse drive mechanism for driving the loading container and the rotating blade to move relative to each other in the vertical direction, the horizontal longitudinal direction, and the horizontal transverse direction, respectively, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Sample loading: Load the cut test block into the rock mass loading unit; S2. Tool setting: Driven by the vertical drive mechanism, the longitudinal drive mechanism and the transverse drive mechanism, the rotating cutter body and the rock mass loading unit move relative to each other in the vertical, longitudinal and transverse directions from the initial position, so that the rotating cutter body contacts the top surface of the cutting test block, and the vertical movement value is recorded as the initial cutting value. The rotating cutter body and the rock mass loading unit are then driven to separate from each other in the vertical direction to complete the tool setting. S3. Cutting: Determine the rock-breaking width and depth of the cut test block. Divide the cut test block into several layers and rows. Drive the rotating cutter and the rock loading unit to move longitudinally and laterally relative to each other, so that the rotating cutter is at the beginning of the first row of the first layer. Add the rock-breaking depth to the initial cutting value, and drive the rotating cutter and the rock loading unit to move vertically relative to each other. Then, the rotating cutter and the rock loading unit move longitudinally relative to each other along the first row of the first layer to start cutting until the rock breaking of the first row of the first layer is completed. The rotating cutter and the rock loading unit separate vertically from each other and move laterally relative to each other, so that the rotating cutter is at the end of the second row of the first layer. Referring to the cutting process of the first row of the first layer, complete the cutting of the second row of the first layer. Continue in this way until the cutting of the first layer is completed. Then, according to the preset number of layers, referring to the cutting process of the first layer, complete the cutting of the remaining layers to complete the test. In step S3, if the rotating blade is a cutting roller, during the cutting process, after cutting from the beginning to the end of the cutting row, it moves laterally to the beginning of the adjacent row; if the rotating blade is a roller, during the cutting process, it needs to cut back and forth at least once from the beginning to the end of the cutting row before it can move laterally to the adjacent row. In step S3, if the rotating blade is a cutting drum, the rotating blade moves longitudinally at a constant speed during the cutting process; if the rotating blade is a roller, the reciprocating longitudinal stroke during the cutting process includes a beginning stage, a middle stage, and a final stage. The speed gradually increases during the beginning stage, the speed remains constant during the middle stage, and the speed gradually decreases during the final stage. In step S3, the vertical drive mechanism drives the cutting tool to move vertically, the longitudinal drive mechanism drives the rock mass loading unit to move horizontally longitudinally, and the transverse drive mechanism drives the cutting tool to move horizontally transversely.

2. The automatic cutting test method based on a cutting tool test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting tool test bench also includes a tool mounting unit for mounting the cutting tool. Before step S1, there is step S0, which involves mounting the cutting tool: mounting the rotating tool body onto the cutting tool, then mounting the cutting tool onto a hoisting trolley, and then hoisting the cutting tool onto the tool mounting unit using the hoisting trolley.

3. The automatic cutting test method based on a cutting tool test bench according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S0, before installing the rotating cutter body onto the cutting tool, the oil circuit needs to be checked. If the rotating cutter body is a cutting tooth roller, the oil circuit handle is switched to the rotary cutting oil circuit; if the rotating cutter body is a hob, the oil circuit handle is switched to the hob cutting oil circuit.

4. The automatic cutting test method based on a cutting tool test bench according to claim 3, characterized in that: The tool mounting unit includes a tool mounting base for mounting the cutting tool.

5. The automatic cutting test method based on a cutting tool test bench according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cutting tool test bench also includes an information acquisition unit. In step S3, during the cutting process, the information acquisition unit measures and displays in real time the vertical cutting pressure, cutting depth, cutting spacing, rotating tool torque, rotating tool speed, horizontal longitudinal force, horizontal transverse force, vertical position value, horizontal transverse position value, and horizontal longitudinal position value.

6. The automatic cutting test method based on a cutting tool test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes step S4, which follows step S3, sample removal: the rotating cutter and the rock loading unit return to their initial positions, and the remaining cutting test blocks on the rock loading unit are removed and cleaned.

7. The automatic cutting test method based on a cutting tool test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting tool test bench is controlled by a control system, which includes hardware and software configurations. The hardware configuration includes a PC and a printer, and the software configuration includes control software installed on the PC. The control software includes a welcome screen, a main window, shortcut operation buttons, a data display panel, a curve panel, and a test control panel.

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