Conformal miniaturized ultra-wideband array antenna device

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of passive antenna manufacturing and design, in particular to a small-sized super wideband array antenna device with a conformal layout, which improves the low-frequency impedance matching and radiation pattern performance of unit antennas, is light in weight, simple in structure, convenient in design and low in cost, and is characterized in that two or more antenna units in the small-sized super wideband array antenna are arranged along the circumferential direction of a cylindrical carrier in a conformal mode, the antenna units adopt improved monopole Vivaldi antennas, a height-gradually-changing director oscillator is arranged in the front area of the radiation slot of the monopole mirror Vivaldi antenna, and the lower end of the director oscillator is connected with a mirror-acting floor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of passive antenna manufacturing and design technology, specifically to a miniaturized ultra-wideband array antenna device with a conformal layout that improves the low-frequency impedance matching and radiation pattern performance of a single-element antenna, is lightweight, has a simple structure, is easy to design, and has a low cost. Background Technology

[0002] In electromagnetic detection and guidance systems on aircraft platforms, passive radar typically employs ultra-wideband (UWB) antennas to receive electromagnetic signals from radiation sources, making the UWB passive radar antenna a crucial component. Due to the limited installation space on aircraft platforms, miniaturization is a critical issue in UWB antenna design. In detection, guidance, and reconnaissance systems, UWB antennas sometimes require an approximate end-fire pattern; therefore, beam control must also be considered in the design of UWB antenna arrays. Commonly used UWB antenna types include UWB log-periodic antennas, UWB butterfly antennas, UWB Vivaldi antennas, UWB sinusoidal antennas, and UWB horn antennas. Common miniaturization methods for UWB antennas include impedance loading techniques, dipole arm bending techniques, and fractal techniques. In UWB antenna array design, the Vivaldi antenna is a simple, stable, and flexible antenna solution. Both the basic and heel-type Vivaldi antennas exhibit end-fire pattern characteristics, making them suitable for a variety of applications. In particular, when mounted on the surface of an aircraft, the Vivaldi antenna offers engineering advantages due to its ultra-wideband voltage standing wave ratio and radiation pattern performance.

[0003] For passive radar systems deployed on aircraft platforms, multiple ultra-wideband antenna systems are typically required to detect and track signals from multiple radiation sources. Since space on typical aircraft platforms is very limited, to measure the angular information of multiple radiation sources using direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation methods, the lateral dimensions of the antenna elements must be minimized while ensuring the operating bandwidth of the antenna array, in order to increase the number of antenna elements that can be deployed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention addresses the shortcomings and deficiencies of existing technologies by proposing a miniaturized ultra-wideband array antenna device with a conformal layout that improves the low-frequency impedance matching and radiation pattern performance of unit antennas, is lightweight, has a simple structure, is easy to design, and has a low cost.

[0005] This invention achieves its purpose through the following measures: A miniaturized ultra-wideband array antenna device with a conformal layout is provided, comprising a cylindrical carrier. The device is characterized in that two or more antenna elements are conformally arranged along the circumference of the cylindrical carrier. The antenna elements employ a modified monopole Vivaldi antenna. The modified monopole Vivaldi antenna has a height-gradient director element placed in front of the radiating slot of the monopole mirror Vivaldi antenna. The lower end of the director element is connected to a mirror-effect ground plane. A semi-circular slot with a gradually changing size is etched at the top region of the radiating element arm of the monopole mirror Vivaldi antenna. Microwave absorbing resistors are placed at the edges of each slot to improve impedance matching characteristics in the low-frequency band and reduce the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) in the low-frequency band. A metal reflective ground plane is placed at the rear end of the monopole mirror Vivaldi antenna to adjust the direction of the main beam.

[0006] The improved monopole Vivaldi antenna of this invention places a metal ground plane in the middle of the slot perpendicular to that of the traditional Vivaldi antenna, retaining only half the size of the traditional Vivaldi antenna structure. It uses direct coaxial feeding and introduces fan-shaped stubs for impedance matching. A semi-circular resonant cavity is retained on the dielectric substrate for impedance adjustment, achieving better impedance matching. The exponential curve equation used for the metal radiating arm of the monopole mirrored Vivaldi antenna is: (1) In the formula, and According to respectively , , , and Confirmed, here. This represents the length of the straight-line slot corresponding to the monopole mirrored Vivaldi antenna, measured from the origin. The width of the straight gap. The width of the exponentially gradient gap, The length of the exponentially gradient gap. is a constant of the exponential curve.

[0007] To further improve the beam pointing characteristics of the radiation pattern, this invention places a grounded monopole mirror director array in front of the radiation slot of the monopole mirror Vivaldi antenna. The width and length of the monopole elements in this array gradually change according to a scaling factor, and the spacing between the elements also changes according to a certain rule. Full-wave electromagnetic simulation technology is used to calculate and optimize its parameters. (2) In the formula, For the first The width of a printed director oscillator For the first The width of a printed director oscillator for The width of the printed director oscillator and the first The scaling factor between the widths of the printed director oscillators; (3) In the formula, For the first The length of a printed director oscillator For the first The length of a printed director oscillator for The length of the printed director oscillator and the first The scaling factor between the lengths of the printed director oscillators.

[0008] To reduce the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) of the antenna element at low frequencies, this invention etches a gradually changing semi-circular slot above the arm of the monopole mirror Vivaldi antenna dipole. Microwave resistors are applied at both ends of the diameter of the semi-circular slot to adjust the input impedance of the antenna element, allowing for better matching between the antenna element and the coaxial cable being fed. The radius of the semi-circular slot increases proportionally to a certain factor. Gradually changing, its expression is: (4) In the formula, For the first The radius of the semi-circular groove, Let be the radius of the i-th semicircular groove. The spacing between the semicircular grooves is the same. express.

[0009] To adjust the main beam radiation direction of the monopole mirror Vivaldi antenna, this invention loads a rectangular local metal reflector at the rear end of each antenna element. This local metal reflector works in conjunction with the single-sided mirror metal reflector to control the radiation pattern shape of the ultra-wideband monopole mirror Vivaldi antenna, thus constraining its energy coverage near the axis as much as possible. At the same time, the impedance of the ultra-wideband monopole mirror Vivaldi antenna is also adjusted accordingly. Due to the complexity of the electromagnetic boundary, the radiation pattern of the array antenna elements will fluctuate under ultra-wideband operating conditions. Therefore, a data compensation algorithm is required in radar operation.

[0010] In summary, this invention designs a miniaturized ultra-wideband passive detection radar antenna device that conforms to the structure of an aircraft carrier platform. The ultra-wideband antenna element designed in this invention is a Vivaldi antenna with a monopole mirror structure. A single-sided mirror metal ground plane is used to achieve an approximate mirror effect of the monopole mirror antenna. A circumferential reflective ground plane is loaded to facilitate adjustment of the approximate direction of the main beam of the radiation pattern of the monopole mirror Vivaldi antenna, thereby facilitating the adjustment of the beam's axial offset towards the carrier platform. To further improve the beam pointing characteristics of the radiation pattern, a grounded monopole mirror director array is placed in front of the radiation slot of the monopole mirror Vivaldi antenna. To reduce the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) of the antenna element at low frequencies, this invention etches a semi-circular slot with gradually varying dimensions above the vibrator arm of the monopole mirror Vivaldi antenna. Microwave resistors are loaded at both ends of the diameter of the semi-circular slot to adjust the input impedance of the antenna element, allowing for better matching of the antenna element with the coaxial cable being fed. For cylindrical aircraft carrier platforms, this invention uses miniaturized ultra-wideband Vivaldi antennas with compressed lateral dimensions to form a circumferentially conformal antenna array. Under the same carrier platform diameter, the passive radar system can place more ultra-wideband antenna elements, which is beneficial for the radar system to distinguish and identify more radiation source signals.

[0011] The miniaturized ultra-wideband antenna array device designed in this invention is lightweight, simple in structure, easy to design, and low in cost, making it suitable for engineering applications in certain situations. The conformal layout ultra-wideband passive detection radar antenna device of this invention is suitable for application in passive guidance radar, electronic reconnaissance systems, electronic jamming systems, and electronic countermeasures systems, demonstrating significant application and reference value. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Appendix Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0013] Appendix Figure 2 This is a multi-angle structural schematic diagram of the present invention, wherein... Figure 2 (a) Front view, Figure 2 (b) is the rear view. Figure 2 (c) is the left view. Figure 2 (d) is the right view.

[0014] Appendix Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the improved monopole Vivaldi antenna in this invention, wherein... Figure 3 (a) is the front view. Figure 3 (b) is the rear view. Figure 3 (c) is the left view. Figure 3 (d) is the right view. Figure 3 (e) is a top view. Figure 3(f) is a bottom view.

[0015] Appendix Figure 4 This is a simulation curve of the return loss and port isolation of the antenna port in an embodiment of the present invention, wherein... Figure 4 (a) is the return loss curve of port one. Figure 4 (b) is the isolation curve between antenna port one and port two. Figure 4 (c) is the isolation curve between antenna port 3 and port 1. Figure 4 (d) is the isolation curve between antenna port four and port one. Figure 4 (e) is the isolation curve between antenna port five and port one. Figure 4 (f) is the isolation curve between antenna port six and port one. Figure 4 (g) is the isolation curve between antenna port seven and port one. Figure 4 (h) is the isolation curve between antenna port eight and port one. Figure 4 (i) is the isolation curve between antenna port nine and port one.

[0016] Appendix Figure 5 The simulation results of the radiation characteristics of antenna port one at a frequency of 2GHz in this embodiment of the invention are shown in Figure 5(a), which is the gain pattern in the xoz plane, Figure 5(b), which is the gain pattern in the yoz plane, Figure 5(c), which is the three-dimensional gain pattern, and Figure 5(d), which is the three-dimensional axial ratio pattern.

[0017] Appendix Figure 6 These are simulation results of the radiation characteristics of antenna port one at a frequency of 3GHz in this embodiment of the invention. 6(a) Gain pattern in the xoz plane, 6(b) Gain pattern in the yoz plane, 6(c) Three-dimensional gain pattern, 6(d) Three-dimensional axial ratio pattern.

[0018] Appendix Figure 7 These are simulation results of the radiation characteristics of antenna port one at a frequency of 4GHz in this embodiment of the invention. 7(a) is the gain pattern in the xoz plane, 7(b) is the gain pattern in the yoz plane, 7(c) is the three-dimensional gain pattern, and 7(d) is the three-dimensional axial ratio pattern.

[0019] Figure 8 These are simulation results of the radiation characteristics of antenna port one at a frequency of 5GHz in this embodiment of the invention. 8(a) is the gain pattern in the xoz plane, 8(b) is the gain pattern in the yoz plane, 8(c) is the three-dimensional gain pattern, and 8(d) is the three-dimensional axial ratio pattern.

[0020] Figure reference numerals: 1 is the radiating arm of a monopole Vivaldi antenna, the boundary of the broadband antenna's metal cavity; 2 is the dielectric substrate; 3 is the applied resistor; 4 is the semi-circular slot; 5 is the resonant cavity; 6 is the metal reflector; 7 is the director strip array; 8 is the fan-shaped stub. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0022] This invention addresses the technical requirements of ultra-wideband passive detection radar systems, considering the environmental requirements of reconnaissance and direction-finding electronic systems within a limited space, and proposes an ultra-wideband miniaturized antenna array device employing a conformal array layout. The ultra-wideband array antenna designed in this invention is located in the cylindrical aircraft carrier area, adopting a circumferential conformal layout. To accommodate more antenna elements, thereby facilitating the passive radar system's measurement and resolution of a greater number of radiation source signals, a miniaturized Vivaldi antenna element with compressed lateral dimensions is used. Based on the mirror theory of electromagnetic fields, an improved monopole Vivaldi antenna with an approximate end-fire pattern based on a single-sided mirrored ground plane is designed. To improve the antenna's radiation pattern, the main beam pointing and antenna gain are adjusted. A height-gradient director element is placed in front of the radiation slot of the monopole mirrored Vivaldi antenna, with the lower end of the director element connected to the mirrored ground plane, thus also utilizing the mirroring effect. In the top region of the radiating dipole arm of the monopole mirror Vivaldi antenna, semi-circular slots of varying sizes are etched. Microwave absorbing resistors are placed at the edges of each slot to improve impedance matching characteristics in the low-frequency band and reduce the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) in the low-frequency band. A metal reflector ground is placed at the rear end of the monopole mirror Vivaldi antenna to adjust the pointing of the main beam. Full-wave electromagnetic simulation software is used for structural design and electromagnetic simulation optimization of the ultra-wideband antenna array to improve the VSWR and radiation pattern of the antenna in the low-frequency band.

[0023] This invention presents a conformal layout ultra-wideband passive detection radar antenna solution that integrates electromagnetic mirroring principles, impedance loading principles, monopole array directing technology, and single-sided mirrored floor technology. Under limited antenna installation space, it improves the low-frequency impedance matching and radiation pattern performance of the unit antenna, achieving a degree of miniaturization. The miniaturized ultra-wideband antenna array device designed in this invention is lightweight, simple in structure, easy to design, and low in cost, making it suitable for engineering applications in certain situations. The conformal layout ultra-wideband passive detection radar antenna device in this invention is suitable for passive guidance radar, electronic reconnaissance systems, electronic jamming systems, and electronic countermeasures systems, demonstrating significant application value.

[0024] For passive radar systems mounted on aircraft platforms, multiple ultra-wideband antenna systems are typically required to detect and track signals from multiple radiation sources. Due to the limited space on typical aircraft platforms, to measure the angular information of multiple radiation sources using direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation methods, the lateral dimensions of antenna elements need to be minimized while ensuring the operating bandwidth of the antenna array, thus facilitating the increase in the number of antenna elements. To fully utilize the antenna installation space on the platform, this invention considers a circumferential conformal layout of the antenna elements within a cylindrical carrier. The ultra-wideband passive detection radar antenna technology designed in this invention, with its conformal layout to the carrier structure, comprehensively employs the electromagnetic mirror principle, impedance loading principle, monopole array directing technology, and single-sided mirror floor technology. Under limited antenna installation space, this improves the low-frequency impedance matching and radiation pattern performance of the antenna elements, achieving a degree of miniaturization.

[0025] The ultra-wideband passive detection radar antenna model designed in this invention, with a conformal layout to the carrier structure, is as follows: Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, where Figure 1 For the conformal antenna array system model, Figure 2 (a) to Figure 2 (d) are the front view, rear view, left view and right view of the conformal antenna array system, respectively. It can be seen that multiple ultra-wideband antenna elements are arranged in a conformal manner to the circumference of the cylindrical aircraft carrier platform, making full use of the installation space of the carrier platform. By using the radiation source signals received by multiple ultra-wideband elements, the direction of arrival estimation algorithm can be used to detect, measure the angle and track the signals of multiple radiation sources.

[0026] Figure 3 The diagram shows a miniaturized ultra-wideband antenna element structure, in which... Figure 3 (a) to Figure 3 (f) are the front view, rear view, left view, right view, top view, and top view of the miniaturized ultra-wideband antenna element, respectively; Meanwhile, in Figure 3 In the diagram, 1 is the radiating arm of the monopole Vivaldi antenna, the boundary of the broadband antenna metal cavity, 2 is the dielectric substrate, 3 is the loaded resistor, 4 is the semi-circular slot, 5 is the resonant cavity, 6 is the metal reflector, 7 is the director strip array, and 8 is the fan-shaped stub.

[0027] In this invention, considering the structural characteristics of the aircraft platform, the radiation pattern of the antenna element needs to cover the approximately axial forward region, possessing certain efficiency and gain to meet the requirements of radar signal detection and angle measurement. The traditional Vivaldi antenna has a lateral dimension close to half the operating wavelength corresponding to the low-frequency band, with the main radiating beam direction being end-fire. It exhibits excellent ultra-wideband characteristics in both voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) and radiation pattern, making it suitable for aircraft platform applications. This invention, based on the mirror principle of electromagnetic fields, places a metal ground plane in the middle of the slot perpendicular to the traditional Vivaldi antenna, retaining only half the size of the traditional Vivaldi antenna structure. It uses direct coaxial feeding and introduces fan-shaped stubs for impedance matching. A semi-circular resonant cavity is retained on the dielectric substrate for impedance adjustment, achieving better impedance matching. Considering the circumferential conformal antenna element layout of the platform, a single-sided mirror metal ground plane structure is used, which will result in a performance decrease. The exponential curve equation used for the metal radiating arm of the monopole mirror Vivaldi is: (1), In the formula, and According to respectively , , , and Confirmed, here. This represents the length of the straight-line slot corresponding to the monopole mirrored Vivaldi antenna, measured from the origin. The width of the straight gap. The width of the exponentially gradient gap, The length of the exponentially gradient gap. is a constant of the exponential curve.

[0028] To further improve the beam pointing characteristics of the radiation pattern, this invention places a grounded monopole mirror director array in front of the radiation slot of the monopole mirror Vivaldi antenna; the width and length of the monopole elements in the array gradually change according to a certain scaling factor, and the spacing between the elements also changes according to a certain rule. The parameters are calculated and optimized using full-wave electromagnetic simulation technology.

[0029] (2), In the formula, For the first The width of a printed director oscillator For the first The width of a printed director oscillator for The width of the printed director oscillator and the first The scaling factor between the widths of the printed director oscillators.

[0030] (3), In the formula, For the first The length of a printed director oscillator For the first The length of a printed director oscillator for The length of the printed director oscillator and the first The scaling factor between the lengths of the printed director oscillators.

[0031] To reduce the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) of the antenna element at low frequencies, this invention etches a gradually changing semi-circular slot above the arm of the monopole mirror Vivaldi antenna dipole. Microwave resistors are loaded at both ends of the diameter of the semi-circular slot to adjust the input impedance of the antenna element, allowing for better matching between the antenna element and the coaxial cable being fed. The radius of the semi-circular slot increases proportionally to a certain factor. Gradually changing, its expression is: (4), In the formula, For the first The radius of the semi-circular groove, For the first The radii of the semicircular grooves and the spacing between them are all the same. express.

[0032] To adjust the main beam radiation direction of the monopole mirror Vivaldi antenna, a rectangular local metal reflector was loaded at the rear end of each antenna element. This local metal reflector, in conjunction with the single-sided mirror metal reflector, controls the radiation pattern shape of the ultra-wideband monopole mirror Vivaldi antenna, maximizing its energy coverage of the region near the axis. Simultaneously, the impedance of the ultra-wideband monopole mirror Vivaldi antenna is also adjusted accordingly. Due to the complexity of the electromagnetic boundary, the radiation pattern of the array antenna elements will fluctuate under ultra-wideband operating conditions. Therefore, a data compensation algorithm is required for radar operation. The dimensional parameters of the two metal reflector plates were optimized using full-wave electromagnetic simulation software.

[0033] In summary, this invention designs a miniaturized ultra-wideband passive detection radar antenna device that conforms to the structure of an aircraft carrier platform. The ultra-wideband antenna element designed in this invention is a Vivaldi antenna with a monopole mirror structure. A single-sided mirror metal ground plane is used to achieve an approximate mirror effect of the monopole mirror antenna. A circumferential reflective ground plane is loaded to facilitate adjustment of the approximate direction of the main beam of the radiation pattern of the monopole mirror Vivaldi antenna, thereby facilitating the adjustment of the beam's axial offset towards the carrier platform. To further improve the beam pointing characteristics of the radiation pattern, a grounded monopole mirror director array is placed in front of the radiation slot of the monopole mirror Vivaldi antenna. To reduce the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) of the antenna element at low frequencies, this invention etches a semi-circular slot with gradually varying dimensions above the vibrator arm of the monopole mirror Vivaldi antenna. Microwave resistors are loaded at both ends of the diameter of the semi-circular slot to adjust the input impedance of the antenna element, allowing for better matching of the antenna element with the coaxial cable being fed. For cylindrical aircraft platforms, this invention employs miniaturized ultra-wideband Vivaldi antennas with compressed lateral dimensions to form a circumferentially conformal antenna array. Under the same platform diameter, the passive radar system can accommodate more ultra-wideband antenna elements, thereby enabling the radar system to resolve and identify more radiation source signals. The miniaturized ultra-wideband antenna array device designed in this invention is lightweight, simple in structure, easy to design, and low in cost, making it suitable for engineering applications in certain situations. The conformal ultra-wideband passive detection radar antenna device of this invention is suitable for application in passive guidance radar, electronic reconnaissance systems, electronic jamming systems, and electronic countermeasures systems, possessing significant application and reference value. Example

[0034] This example demonstrates a miniaturized ultra-wideband array antenna system with a conformal layout on a carrier platform. For a cylindrical carrier platform, the structure and dimensions of the miniaturized ultra-wideband array antenna with a conformal layout were designed. The circuitry and radiation performance of the corresponding antenna were simulated, and the simulation results verify the performance of the miniaturized ultra-wideband array antenna system with a conformal layout on the carrier platform proposed in this invention. The simulation results of the return loss and port isolation of the miniaturized ultra-wideband array antenna system with a conformal layout on the carrier platform designed in this invention are as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the return loss of port 1 and the isolation between port 1 and other ports are given here. At low frequencies, the coupling between adjacent elements is relatively large. As the frequency increases, the isolation between elements tends to increase. As the spacing between elements increases, the isolation between elements tends to increase. Compared with the size of the traditional Vivaldi antenna, the designed monopole Vivaldi antenna has improved return loss at low frequencies and achieved miniaturization.

[0035] Figures 5 to 8Simulation results of the radiation pattern of port 1 at operating frequencies of 2GHz, 3GHz, 4GHz, and 5GHz are presented. For each frequency, the gain pattern in the xoz plane, the gain pattern in the yoz plane, the three-dimensional gain pattern, and the three-dimensional axial ratio pattern are also given. It can be seen that by employing the monopole mirror principle and resistor loading technology, the radiation performance of this array antenna is improved at low frequencies while reducing its size, exhibiting acceptable radiation performance for passive radar operation. At high frequencies, the antenna's radiation efficiency is maintained. However, due to some fluctuations in the radiation pattern, certain data compensation measures are required in practical applications.

Claims

1. A miniaturized ultra-wideband array antenna device with a conformal layout, comprising a cylindrical carrier, characterized in that, In a miniaturized ultra-wideband array antenna, two or more antenna elements are arranged circumferentially along a cylindrical carrier. The antenna elements adopt an improved monopole Vivaldi antenna. The improved monopole Vivaldi antenna has a director element with a gradually varying height placed in front of the radiating slot of the monopole mirror Vivaldi antenna. The lower end of the director element is connected to the ground plane of the mirror effect. In the top region of the radiating element arm of the monopole mirror Vivaldi antenna, a semi-circular slot with a gradually varying size is etched. Microwave absorbing resistors are placed at the edge of each slot to improve the impedance matching characteristics in the low-frequency band and reduce the voltage standing wave ratio in the low-frequency band. The improved monopole Vivaldi antenna places a metal ground plane in the middle of the slot perpendicular to the traditional Vivaldi antenna, retaining only half the structural dimensions of the traditional Vivaldi antenna. It uses direct coaxial feeding and introduces fan-shaped stubs for impedance matching. A semi-circular resonant cavity is retained on the dielectric substrate for impedance adjustment, achieving better impedance matching. The exponential curve equation used for the metal radiating arm of the monopole mirrored Vivaldi is: （1）， In the formula, and According to respectively , , , and Confirmed, here. This represents the length of the straight-line slot corresponding to the monopole mirrored Vivaldi antenna, measured from the origin. The width of the straight gap. The width of the exponentially gradient gap, The length of the exponentially gradient gap. It is a constant of the exponential curve; A grounded monopole mirror director array was placed in front of the radiating slot of the Vivaldi monopole image antenna. The width and length of the monopole elements in this array gradually varied according to a scaling factor, and the spacing between the elements also varied according to a certain rule. Full-wave electromagnetic simulation technology was used to calculate and optimize its parameters. （2）， In the formula, For the first The width of a printed director oscillator For the first The width of a printed director oscillator for The width of the printed director oscillator and the first The scaling factor between the widths of the printed director oscillators; （3）， In the formula, For the first The length of a printed director oscillator For the first The length of a printed director oscillator for The length of the printed director oscillator and the first The scaling factor between the lengths of the printed director oscillators.

2. The miniaturized ultra-wideband array antenna device with conformal layout according to claim 1, characterized in that, A semi-circular slot with a gradually varying size is etched above the arm of the monopole mirror Vivaldi antenna. Microwave resistors are loaded at both ends of the diameter of the semi-circular slot to adjust the input impedance of the antenna element, allowing the antenna element to better match the coaxial cable being fed. The radius of the semi-circular slot increases proportionally to a certain factor. Gradually changing, its expression is: （4）， In the formula, For the first The radius of the semi-circular groove, For the first The radii of the semicircular grooves and the spacing between them are all the same. express.

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