An intelligent operation and maintenance device for automatically shortening the working stroke of a rock drilling jumbo

Abstract

The application discloses an intelligent operation and maintenance device for automatically shortening the working stroke of a rock drilling jumbo. The device comprises a supporting cylinder, an adjusting mechanism, a drill rod and an impact piston, wherein the adjusting mechanism, the drill rod and the impact piston are located inside the supporting cylinder, the drill rod and the impact piston are respectively located at the front and rear ends of the adjusting mechanism, the adjusting mechanism is used for receiving the impact pressure of the impact piston and then transmitting the impact pressure to the end face of the drill rod, and the adjusting mechanism comprises a shell, a shortening adjusting structure located in the shell and transmission rod members and adjusting plates located at the front and rear ends of the shell. Through the ingenious design and cooperation of mechanical structures, cavities, gases and fluids, the device can automatically shorten the length of a transmission mechanism in the rock drilling jumbo, and is automatically realized without manual intervention and an external power source.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of transmission protection and automatic adjustment of working stroke of rock drilling rigs, specifically relating to an intelligent operation and maintenance device that automatically shortens the working stroke of rock drilling rigs. Background Technology

[0002] A rock drilling rig is a type of engineering machinery used to drill holes in rocks. Its working principle is as follows: the reciprocating motion of the piston rod of a hydraulic cylinder provides impact force, and the piston rod intermittently strikes the drill rod, ultimately breaking the rock through the drill rod.

[0003] In traditional rock drilling rigs, the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder directly impacts the drill bit. Since the reciprocating stroke of the piston rod is constant, the length of the drill bit is also constant. Therefore, once the working position of the drilling arm is fixed, the extension length of the drill bit remains unchanged. The distance the drill bit reciprocates is defined as the working stroke of the rock drilling rig's drill bit.

[0004] There may be two problems here:

[0005] (1) In the initial position, the distance between the drill bit of the rock drilling rig and the target rock is not necessarily exactly equal to the working stroke of the drill bit. If the distance is greater than the working stroke of the drill bit, the drill bit will hit the rock without breaking it; if the distance is less than the working stroke of the drill bit, the drill bit will hit the rock violently, which may damage the rock drilling rig. Therefore, a method for automatically adjusting the working stroke is needed so that the working stroke of the drill bit is dynamically equal to or close to the distance between the drill bit and the target rock in real time.

[0006] (2) During use, the drill rod is subjected to impact forces for a long time, and the end face of the drill rod may break or deform. If the end face of the drill rod is deformed, it will cause uneven stress on the end face of the hydraulic cylinder piston rod, which will lead to deformation or damage to the end face of the hydraulic cylinder piston rod. This has a great impact on the life of the hydraulic cylinder and even the rock drilling rig. Therefore, a device is needed to deal with the deformation of the drill rod end face. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Therefore, in order to solve the problems existing in the background technology, the present invention provides a real-time early warning and adjustment device in the transmission process of a rock drilling rig. A transmission mechanism is designed and installed between the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder and the drill rod. The transmission mechanism can realize automatic adjustment of the working stroke, so that the working stroke of the drill rod is dynamically equal to or close to the distance between the drill rod and the target rock in real time.

[0008] This invention provides a method for real-time detection of whether the working stroke of a rock drilling rig is appropriate, enabling automatic adjustment of the working stroke in real time. Specifically, this invention can automatically detect in real time whether the working stroke of the drill rod at the working end face is too long, and automatically correct it according to the deviation of the stroke.

[0009] To solve the above problems, the technical solution of the present invention is:

[0010] The rock drilling rig includes a support cylinder, a transmission mechanism, a drill rod, and an impact piston. The transmission mechanism, the drill rod, and the impact piston are all located inside the support cylinder. The drill rod and the impact piston are located at the front and rear ends of the transmission mechanism, respectively. The transmission mechanism is used to receive the impact pressure of the impact piston and then transmit it to the end face of the drill rod.

[0011] The transmission mechanism includes a housing, a shortening adjustment structure located within the housing, and transmission rods and adjustment plates located at the front and rear ends of the housing, respectively. An adjustment cavity is located in the rear of the housing, with its rear end connected to the outside atmosphere via a through hole on the rear end face of the housing. Multiple cylindrical holes are located in the front of the housing, evenly spaced along the circumference of the housing. The front ends of the cylindrical holes extend through the front end face of the housing, and their rear ends connect to the adjustment cavity. Adjustment plates are installed sequentially from front to back within the adjustment cavity; these plates can only move axially within the adjustment cavity and cannot rotate. A central cavity is located in the middle of the housing, with its rear end connected to the adjustment cavity. A shortening adjustment structure is installed in the central cavity, with its rear end extending out of the central cavity and into the adjustment cavity, where it is threadedly connected to the adjustment plates. A transmission rod located at the front of the housing is used to contact and output the applied pressure, and a portion of the transmission rod extends into the cylindrical holes and moves axially, thereby driving pressure changes in the cylindrical holes to be transmitted to the shortening adjustment structure via the adjustment cavity.

[0012] The front end face of the transmission rod is used to contact the external action surface and sense and receive the inclination of the external action surface, while the rear end can be axially moved and sealed into its corresponding cylindrical hole.

[0013] The outer circumferential surface of the adjustment plate is sealed to the cavity wall of the adjustment cavity. The adjustment cavity is divided into a pressure cavity at the front end of the adjustment plate and a free cavity at the rear end of the adjustment plate by the adjustment plate. When the shortening adjustment structure is installed in the central cavity, it forms a relative seal with the cavity wall at the rear end of the central cavity, so that the cavity space at the front end of the central cavity forms a relatively independent motion cavity.

[0014] The motion chamber and free chamber are connected to the outside atmosphere; the pressure chamber is not connected to the outside atmosphere, and is a relatively closed chamber filled with oil, hence the name oil chamber.

[0015] The shortening adjustment structure includes an adjustment shaft and a shortening assembly. The adjustment shaft is located on the central axis of the housing. One end of the adjustment shaft extends into the central cavity, and the other end extends out of the central cavity and into the adjustment cavity, where it is threadedly connected to the central hole of the adjustment plate. The middle part of the adjustment shaft is sealed to the inner wall of the rear end of the central cavity when passing through it, and is rotatably supported by a bearing, so that the front part of the central cavity forms a relatively closed motion cavity. The shortening assembly is installed inside the adjustment shaft in the motion cavity. A radial fluid hole is opened on the outer peripheral wall of the adjustment shaft in the pressure cavity, and a central fluid channel is opened in the central axis inside the adjustment shaft. The rear end of the central fluid channel is connected to the pressure cavity through the fluid hole, and the front end is connected to the shortening assembly, which drives the shortening assembly to rotate the adjustment shaft, thereby moving the adjustment plate and the transmission rod to the rear end to achieve shortening.

[0016] The regulating shaft has a stepped shaft structure and is divided into five sections from front to rear: end section, clutch section, valve shaft section, long shaft section, and threaded section. The threaded section has external threads, which are threaded into the central hole of the regulating plate. The front part of the long shaft section is rotatably fitted into the rear end of the central cavity through a bearing. A central fluid channel is axially opened inside the long shaft section, and a fluid hole is opened at the rear end of the long shaft section near the threaded section. The valve shaft section is sealed in the central cavity. The valve shaft section has an inner cavity and flow channel that communicate with the front end of the central fluid channel. The clutch section has a strip groove near the rear end of the valve shaft section. The shortening component is installed in the inner cavity and flow channel of the valve shaft section and the strip groove of the clutch section.

[0017] The shortening assembly includes a large one-way valve, a small one-way valve, and a lever sleeve; the valve shaft section of the adjusting shaft has a small cavity and a large cavity sequentially opened along the axial direction from the front end to the rear end, the small cavity and the large cavity are coaxially connected, and the large cavity is connected to the central fluid channel;

[0018] The clutch section of the regulating shaft has a vertically penetrating slot in the middle of the rear end near the valve shaft section. A large one-way valve that allows only forward movement is installed in the space formed by the slot, the small cavity, and the large cavity. A small one-way valve that allows only forward movement is installed inside the large one-way valve. The clutch section has an outer flange at the end near the end section. A lever sleeve is movably fitted on the clutch section between the outer flange and the slot. When the rear stepped surface of the outer flange and the front end face of the lever sleeve are in close contact, they form a coaxial rotating meshing connection.

[0019] The large one-way valve includes a large T-shaped valve and a large spring. The small end of the large T-shaped valve is installed in the small cavity and the large cavity. The large end of the large T-shaped valve is installed in the strip-shaped groove and can only move axially along the strip-shaped groove. The very end of the small end of the large T-shaped valve is fixedly provided with an annular flange. A large spring is connected between the stepped surface between the small cavity and the large cavity and the annular flange. The large spring is also fitted outside the small end of the large T-shaped valve. The large T-shaped valve has a small valve cavity and an axial channel sequentially opened along the axial direction from the front end to the rear end. The small valve cavity and the axial channel are connected. The axial channel and the central fluid channel are coaxially and directly connected. A small one-way valve is installed in the small valve cavity. A right-angle channel is provided in the large T-shaped valve on the front end face of the small valve cavity. One end of the right-angle channel is connected to the small valve cavity, and the other end is bent at a right angle and passes through the side wall of the large T-shaped valve.

[0020] The small one-way valve includes a small T-shaped valve and a small spring. The small end of the small T-shaped valve is installed in the axial channel, and the large end of the small T-shaped valve is installed in the small valve cavity and plugged to the connection between the front end face of the small valve cavity and the right-angle channel. A small spring is connected between the stepped surface between the large end and the small end of the small T-shaped valve and the rear end face of the small valve cavity. The small spring is also fitted outside the small end of the small T-shaped valve. A one-way valve cavity is provided inside the small end of the small T-shaped valve. A radial fluid hole is opened on the side wall of the small end of the small T-shaped valve near the large end. The rear end of the one-way valve cavity is coaxially and directly connected to the axial channel. The front end of the one-way valve cavity is connected to the small valve cavity through the fluid hole.

[0021] The lever bushing has a sleeve magnet embedded in its rear end face near the large T-shaped valve for magnetic attraction with the magnetic material of the large T-shaped valve, and the large T-shaped valve has balls installed on its front end face near the lever bushing for rolling connection with the end face of the lever bushing.

[0022] The aforementioned lever sleeve mainly consists of an annular portion and a lever fixedly connected to one side of the annular portion. The lever is magnetic. The annular portion is fitted onto the clutch section of the adjusting shaft. An arc-shaped lever space is provided on one side of the motion cavity surrounding the lever for the rotation of the lever sleeve and the swinging of the lever. An arc-shaped shortening motion channel is provided on the other side of the motion cavity. An arc-shaped push rod is sealed in the middle of the shortening motion channel. The shortening motion channel connects directly to the lever space at one end near the lever, and the other end connects to the large cavity and the right-angle channel. Furthermore, on both sides of the shortening motion channel near the lever end... The valve shaft section is internally fitted with two lever magnets for magnetically adsorbing the lever on the lever sleeve; at the same time, the valve shaft section has a radial fluid channel and a transition fluid channel. The other end of the right-angle channel of the large T-shaped valve in the small cavity is connected to one end of the radial fluid channel. The rear end of the large cavity is connected to the middle of the transition fluid channel and the radial fluid channel. The other end of the radial fluid channel extends through the outer wall of the valve shaft section. An annular cavity is formed on the inner circumferential surface of the central cavity where the port of the radial fluid channel extends through the outer wall of the valve shaft section. The annular cavity is connected to the other end of the shortened connecting channel and the shortened movement channel formed inside the housing.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0024] This invention, through the ingenious design and coordination of mechanical structure, cavity, gas and fluid, can automatically shorten the length of the transmission mechanism when the length of the drill rod is too long, thus achieving adaptive length adjustment and correction.

[0025] In particular, all adjustment functions of this invention are automatically realized by the mechanical structure, without the need for manual intervention or external power source. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the core component of the rock drilling rig containing the transmission mechanism of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the transmission mechanism of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the housing structure of the transmission mechanism;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a general structural diagram of the shortening adjustment structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 Diagram of the internal cavity structure of the adjusting shaft to shorten the adjustment structure;

[0031] Figure 6 A structural diagram of a large one-way valve for shortening the regulating structure;

[0032] Figure 7 A diagram of a small one-way valve for shortening the regulating structure;

[0033] Figure 8 To shorten the structural assembly section view of the adjustment structure;

[0034] Figure 9 A schematic diagram illustrating the movement of the lever bushing and the large T-valve in the adjustment structure;

[0035] Figure 10 To shorten the flow relationship diagram of the working state and the return state in the adjustment structure, (a) represents the flow relationship diagram of the working state and (b) represents the flow relationship diagram of the return state.

[0036] Figure 11 To shorten the flow channel relationship structure diagram of the adjustment structure in the working state, (a) represents the flow channel relationship sectional view in the working state, (b) represents the CC sectional view of (a) and (c) represents the DD sectional view of (a).

[0037] Figure 12To shorten the flow channel relationship structure diagram of the adjustment structure in the return state, (a) represents the flow channel relationship sectional view in the return state, and (b) represents the CC sectional view of diagram (a).

[0038] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the final shortening motion of the adjustment structure.

[0039] In the picture:

[0040] 0. Transmission mechanism:

[0041] 1. Housing: 101 Adjustment cavity, 102 Cylindrical hole, 104 Central cavity, 105 Annular cavity, 106 Lever space, 107 Shortened connecting channel, 109 Shortened movement channel;

[0042] 2. Tilt adjustment structure:

[0043] 3. Shortening Adjustment Structure: 31 Adjusting Shaft, 32 Bearing, 33 Shortening Assembly

[0044] 31 Adjusting shaft: 3101 End section, 3102 Clutch section, 3103 Valve shaft section, 3104 Long shaft section, 3105 Threaded section; 3106 Small cavity, 3107 Large cavity, 3108 Central fluid channel, 3109 Fluid hole, 3110 Strip groove, 3111 Radial fluid channel, 3112 Transition fluid channel;

[0045] 33 Shortening Components: 3301 lever sleeve, 3302 arc-shaped push rod, 3303 large T-valve, 3304 large spring, 3305 ball bearing, 3306 small T-valve, 3307 small spring, 3308 sleeve magnet, 3309 one-way valve inner cavity, 3310 fluid orifice, 3311 right-angle channel, 3312 small valve cavity, 3313 axial channel, 3314 lever magnet;

[0046] 4. Transmission rods:

[0047] 5. Adjustment plate: S3 motion chamber, S5 pressure chamber, S6 free chamber;

[0048] 7 Impact piston; 8 Support cylinder; 9 Drill rod. Detailed Implementation

[0049] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, a detailed description is provided below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific examples described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0050] like Figure 1As shown, the rock drilling rig includes a support cylinder 8, a transmission mechanism 0, a drill rod 9, and an impact piston 7. The transmission mechanism 0, the drill rod 9, and the impact piston 7 are all located inside the support cylinder 8. The drill rod 9 and the impact piston 7 are located at the front and rear ends of the transmission mechanism 0, respectively. The transmission mechanism 0 is used to receive the impact pressure of the impact piston 7 and then smoothly transmit it to the end face of the drill rod 9.

[0051] like Figure 2 As shown, the transmission mechanism 0 includes a housing 1, a shortening adjustment structure 3 located inside the housing 1, and transmission rods 4 and adjustment plates 5 located at the front and rear ends of the housing 1, respectively.

[0052] like Figure 3 As shown, an adjustment cavity 101 is provided in the rear part of the housing 1. The rear end of the adjustment cavity 101 is connected to the outside atmosphere through a through hole on the rear end face of the housing 1. A plurality of cylindrical holes 102 are provided in the front part of the housing 1. The plurality of cylindrical holes 102 are evenly distributed around the circumference of the housing 1. The front end of the cylindrical holes 102 extends through the front end face of the housing 1, and the rear end of the cylindrical holes 102 is connected to the adjustment cavity 101.

[0053] An adjustment plate 5 is installed sequentially from front to back inside the adjustment cavity 101. The adjustment plate 5 can only move axially within the adjustment cavity 101 and cannot rotate. In a specific implementation, a cylindrical boss can be fixedly provided at the rear end of the adjustment plate 5. The cylindrical boss of the adjustment plate 5 can be axially movably inserted into the through hole opened at the rear end of the housing 1, so that the adjustment plate 5 can be freely guided and moved along the axial direction of the housing 1, but cannot rotate.

[0054] The housing 1 has a relatively independent central cavity 104 in the middle. The rear end of the central cavity 104 is connected to the adjustment cavity 101. A shortening adjustment structure 3 is installed in the central cavity 104. The rear end of the shortening adjustment structure 3 extends out of the central cavity 104 and into the adjustment cavity 101, and is connected to the adjustment plate 5 by a thread.

[0055] The transmission rod 4 is located at the front end of the housing 1 to contact the output pressure, and a part of the transmission rod 4 extends into the cylindrical hole 102 and moves axially, thereby driving the pressure change in the cylindrical hole 102 to be transmitted to the shortening adjustment structure 3 through the adjustment cavity 101. The rear end face of the housing 1 is used to receive the external pressure.

[0056] The front end face of the transmission rod 4 is used to contact the external action surface and sense and receive the inclination of the external action surface, while the rear end can be axially moved and sealed into its corresponding cylindrical hole 102.

[0057] Specifically, the transmission rod 4 includes at least an impact disc and a transmission column; the impact disc is made of magnetic material, and the front end face of the impact disc is used to contact the external action surface and sense and receive the inclination of the external action surface; the front end of each transmission column is connected to the rear end face of the impact disc, and the rear end of each transmission column is axially movable and sealed into its corresponding cylindrical hole 102.

[0058] like Figure 1 As shown, the outer peripheral surface of the adjusting plate 5 is sealed to the cavity wall of the adjusting cavity 101. The adjusting cavity 101 is divided into a pressure cavity S5 located at the front end of the adjusting plate 5 and a free cavity S6 located at the rear end of the adjusting plate 5 by the adjusting plate 5.

[0059] When the shortening adjustment structure 3 is installed in the central cavity 104, it forms a relative seal with the rear cavity wall of the central cavity 104, so that the front cavity space of the central cavity 104 forms a relatively independent and relatively closed motion cavity S3.

[0060] In this invention, the motion cavity S3 and the free cavity S6 are both connected to the outside atmosphere; the pressure cavity S5 is not connected to the outside atmosphere, and is a relatively closed cavity filled with oil, which is called the oil cavity.

[0061] A tilt adjustment structure 2 can also be installed inside the housing 1 of the transmission mechanism 0. The tilt adjustment structure 2 and the adjustment plate 5 are installed sequentially from front to back in the adjustment cavity 101. The front end of the tilt adjustment structure 2 extends into each cylindrical hole 102, and the rear end face is separated from the adjustment plate 5 by the pressure cavity S5. The rear end of the adjustment shaft 31 of the shortening adjustment structure 3 extends out of the central cavity 104 and then passes through the tilt adjustment structure 2 before connecting with the adjustment plate 5. The pressure change in the cylindrical hole 102 can also be transmitted to the tilt adjustment structure 2, and the tilt of the impact plate of the transmission mechanism 0 can be adjusted through the tilt adjustment structure 2.

[0062] like Figure 4 As shown, the shortening adjustment structure 3 includes an adjustment shaft 31 and a shortening component 33.

[0063] The adjusting shaft 31 is located on the central axis of the housing 1. One end of the adjusting shaft 31 extends into the central cavity 104, and the other end of the adjusting shaft 31 passes out of the central cavity 104 and extends into the adjusting cavity 101. It is then sealed and threaded through the central hole of the inclined adjusting structure 2 and the adjusting plate 5.

[0064] The middle part of the adjusting shaft 31 is sealed and connected to the inner wall of the rear end of the central cavity 104 when it passes through the central cavity 104, and is rotatably supported by the bearing 32, so that the front part of the central cavity 104 forms a relatively closed motion cavity S3. The adjusting shaft 31 in front of the bearing 32 and inside the motion cavity S3 is equipped with a shortening component 33; the bearing 32 is a double row angular contact ball bearing.

[0065] A radial fluid hole 3109 is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the adjusting shaft 31 inside the pressure chamber S5. A central fluid channel 3108 is provided in the center of the adjusting shaft 31. The rear end of the central fluid channel 3108 is connected to the pressure chamber S5 through the fluid hole 3109, and the front end is connected to the shortening component 33, thereby driving the shortening component 33 to drive the adjusting shaft 31 to rotate, thereby driving the adjusting plate 5 and the transmission rod 4 to move to the rear end to achieve shortening.

[0066] When the transmission rod 4 extends too far out of the housing 1, the pressure is transmitted to the pressure chamber S5 each time the transmission rod 4 squeezes into the housing 1. Then, the pressure is transmitted to the shortening component 33 through the central fluid channel 3108. The shortening component 33 is connected and drives the adjustment shaft 31 to rotate. The rotation of the adjustment shaft 31 drives the adjustment plate 5 to move axially to the rear end through the threaded sliding pair, thereby expanding the pressure chamber S5. After the pressure in the pressure chamber S5 decreases, the pressure is transmitted and finally causes the transmission rod 4 to move to the rear end, thus completing the adaptive retraction movement.

[0067] like Figure 4 As shown, the adjusting shaft 31 has a stepped shaft structure and is divided into five sections from the front end to the rear end: an end section 3101, a clutch section 3102, a valve shaft section 3103, a long shaft section 3104, and a threaded section 3105. The threaded section 3105 is provided with external threads, which are threaded into the central hole of the adjusting plate 5. The front part of the long shaft section 3104 is rotatably fitted into the rear end of the central cavity 104 through a bearing 32, and a central fluid channel 3108 is axially formed inside the long shaft section 3104. A fluid hole 3109 is provided at the rear end of the long shaft section 3104 near the threaded section 3105, and the central fluid channel 3108 is connected to the fluid hole 3109; the valve shaft section 3103 is sealed and fitted in the middle of the central cavity 104, and the valve shaft section 3103 has an inner cavity and flow channel that are connected to the front end of the central fluid channel 3108. The clutch section 3102 has a strip-shaped through groove near the rear end of the valve shaft section 3103, and the shortening component 33 is installed in the inner cavity and flow channel of the valve shaft section 3103 and the strip-shaped through groove of the clutch section 3102.

[0068] like Figure 4 As shown, the shortening assembly 33 includes a large one-way valve, a small one-way valve, and a lever sleeve 3301.

[0069] like Figure 5 As shown, the valve shaft section 3103 of the regulating shaft 31 has a small cavity 3106 and a large cavity 3107 sequentially opened along the axial direction from the front end to the rear end. The small cavity 3106 and the large cavity 3107 are coaxially connected. A step is formed between the small cavity 3106 and the large cavity 3107 due to the difference in their inner diameters. The large cavity 3107 is connected to the central fluid channel 3108 through a conical surface.

[0070] The clutch section 3102 of the adjusting shaft 31 has a vertically penetrating strip groove 3110 in the middle of the rear end near the valve shaft section 3103. A large one-way valve that can only be guided from back to front is installed in the space formed by the strip groove 3110, the small cavity 3106 and the large cavity 3107. A small one-way valve that can only be guided from front to back is installed in the large one-way valve. The clutch section 3102 has an outer flange at the end near the end section 3101. A lever sleeve 3301 is movably fitted on the clutch section 3102 between the outer flange and the strip groove 3110.

[0071] The rear step surface of the outer flange and the front end face of the lever bushing 3301 each have a engagement surface. When the rear step surface of the outer flange and the front end face of the lever bushing 3301 are in close contact, they form a coaxial rotating meshing connection.

[0072] like Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, the large one-way valve includes a large T-shaped valve 3303 and a large spring 3304. The large T-shaped valve 3303 is an irregularly shaped valve body. The small end of the large T-shaped valve 3303 is installed in the small cavity 3106 and the large cavity 3107. The large end of the large T-shaped valve 3303 is installed in the strip groove 3110 and can only move axially along the strip groove 3110 and cannot rotate. The very end of the small end of the large T-shaped valve 3303 is fixedly provided with an annular flange. The large spring 3304 is connected between the stepped surface between the small cavity 3106 and the large cavity 3107 and the annular flange. The large spring 3304 is also fitted outside the small end of the large T-shaped valve 3303 between the stepped surface between the small cavity 3106 and the large cavity 3107 and the annular flange.

[0073] The large T-shaped valve 3303 has a small valve chamber 3312 and an axial channel 3313 sequentially opened along the axial direction from the front end to the rear end. The small valve chamber 3312 and the axial channel 3313 are connected. The axial channel 3313 is coaxially and directly connected to the central fluid channel 3108. A small check valve is installed in the small valve chamber 3312. A right-angle channel 3311 is provided in the large T-shaped valve 3303 on the front end face of the small valve chamber 3312. One end of the right-angle channel 3311 is connected to the small valve chamber 3312, and the other end is bent at a right angle and passes through the small end side wall of the large T-shaped valve 3303.

[0074] like Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, the small one-way valve includes a small T-shaped valve 3306 and a small spring 3307. The small end of the small T-shaped valve 3306 is installed in the axial channel 3313, and the large end of the small T-shaped valve 3306 is installed in the small valve cavity 3312 and plugs the connection between the front end face of the small valve cavity 3312 and the right-angle channel 3311. The small spring 3307 is connected between the stepped surface between the large end and the small end of the small T-shaped valve 3306 and the rear end face of the small valve cavity 3312. The small spring 3307 is also fitted on the small end of the small T-shaped valve 3306 between the stepped surface between the large end and the small end of the small T-shaped valve 3306 and the rear end face of the small valve cavity 3312.

[0075] The small T-valve 3306 has a one-way valve cavity 3309 inside its small end. The small end of the small T-valve 3306 has a radial fluid hole 3310 on the side wall near the large end. The rear end of the one-way valve cavity 3309 is coaxially and directly connected to the axial channel 3313. The front end of the one-way valve cavity 3309 is connected to the small valve cavity 3312 through the fluid hole 3310.

[0076] The lever bushing 3301 has a bushing magnet 3308 embedded in its rear face near the large T-valve 3303 for magnetic adsorption with the magnetic material of the large T-valve 3303. The large T-valve 3303 has a ball bearing 3305 embedded in its front face near the lever bushing 3301 for rolling connection with the end face of the lever bushing 3301. The front face of the large T-valve 3303 and the rear face of the lever bushing 3301 are connected by the ball bearing 3305.

[0077] The above structure allows the lever sleeve 3301 to rotate and move axially around the clutch section 3102 of the adjusting shaft 31, such as... Figure 9 As shown, the large T-valve 3303 can only move axially along the adjusting shaft 31 and cannot rotate, while the lever sleeve 3301 and the large T-valve 3303 can rotate relative to each other.

[0078] like Figure 10 As shown in (a), for a large check valve:

[0079] Under normal conditions, the rear end face of the large T-valve 3303 is pressed by the large spring 3304 to the end face of the connection between the large cavity 3107 and the central fluid channel 3108, so that the oil in the central fluid channel 3108 cannot flow into the large cavity 3107.

[0080] When the pressure in the central fluid channel 3108 is greater than the pressure in the large cavity 3107 and the right-angle channel 3311, and the pressure difference is greater than the spring force of the large spring 3304, the large one-way valve will open, pushing the large T-valve 3303 against the spring force of the large spring 3304 to the front end. A gap is created between the front end face of the large T-valve 3303 and the connecting part, allowing the oil in the central fluid channel 3108 to flow into the large cavity 3107 through the gap, thus achieving conduction from back to front.

[0081] like Figure 10 As shown in (b), for a small check valve:

[0082] Under normal conditions, the front end of the small T-valve 3306 is pressed against the front end of the small valve chamber 3312 by the small spring 3307, blocking the connection between the right-angle channel 3311 and the small valve chamber 3312, so that the oil in the right-angle channel 3311 cannot flow into the small valve chamber 3312.

[0083] When the pressure difference between the right-angle channel 3311 and the small valve chamber 3312 is greater than the spring force of the small spring 3307, the small one-way valve will open, pushing the small T-valve 3306 against the spring force of the small spring 3307 to the rear end. A gap is created between the front end face of the small T-valve 3306 and the connecting part, allowing the oil in the right-angle channel 3311 to flow into the small valve chamber 3312 through the gap, thus achieving conduction from front to back.

[0084] like Figure 6 , Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, the lever sleeve 3301 mainly consists of an annular part and a lever fixedly connected to one side of the annular part. The lever is magnetic and can be attracted. The annular part is fitted onto the clutch section 3102 of the adjusting shaft 31. A limited arc-shaped lever space 106 is provided on one side of the motion cavity S3 around the lever for the rotation of the lever sleeve 3301 and the swing of the lever. The lever space 106 is essentially a fan-shaped rotation space for the lever to swing within a limited range.

[0085] An arc-shaped shortening motion channel 109 is provided on the other side of the motion cavity S3. The shortening motion channel 109 and the lever space 106 should be located on both sides of the lever. An arc-shaped push rod 3302 is sealed in the middle of the shortening motion channel 109. The shortening motion channel 109 is directly connected to the lever space 106 at one end near the lever, and the other end is used to connect to the large cavity 3107 and the right-angle channel 3311. Specifically, it is connected to the annular cavity 105 through the shortening connecting channel 107. Two lever magnets 3314 for magnetically adsorbing the lever of the lever bushing 3301 are embedded in the clutch section 3102 on both sides of the shortening motion channel 109 near the lever.

[0086] Meanwhile, a radial fluid channel 3111 and a transition fluid channel 3112 are opened inside the valve shaft section 3103. The other end of the right-angle channel 3311 of the large T-shaped valve 3303 in the small cavity 3106 is connected to one end of the radial fluid channel 3111. The rear end side of the large cavity 3107 is connected to the middle part of the radial fluid channel 3111 via the transition fluid channel 3112. The other end of the radial fluid channel 3111 passes through the outer wall of the valve shaft section 3103. An annular cavity 105 is opened on the inner circumferential surface of the central cavity 104 where the port of the radial fluid channel 3111 passes through the outer wall of the valve shaft section 3103 is located. The annular cavity 105 is connected to the other end of the shortened connecting channel 107 and the shortened movement channel 109 opened inside the housing 1. This structure allows the shortened motion channel 109 to pass through the shortened connecting channel 107, and then through the radial fluid channel 3111 and the transition fluid channel 3112 to the right-angle channel 3311 and the large cavity 3107, thereby cooperating with the drive valves of different sizes.

[0087] Whenever the length of the transmission rod 4 extending beyond the housing 1 is too long, the following adjustment to reduce the extension length is performed. The specific shortening process is as follows:

[0088] like Figure 11 As shown, the working status is as follows:

[0089] Each time the transmission rod 4 presses into the housing 1, the pressure is transmitted to the pressure chamber S5 through the cylindrical hole 102. The pressure in the pressure chamber S5 increases, and then the pressure is transmitted through the central fluid channel 3108 to the axial channel 3313 of the shortening component 33 and the inner cavity 3309 of the one-way valve. The pressure in the inner cavity 3309 of the one-way valve is then transmitted to the small valve cavity 3312 through the fluid hole 3310.

[0090] At this time, since the pressure inside the small check valve and the spring force of the small spring 3307 are in the same direction, the small check valve cannot be opened to conduct. However, the pressure inside the overall cavity formed by the small valve chamber 3312, the check valve inner cavity 3309 and the axial channel 3313 is greater than the pressure in the right-angle channel 3311, causing the large T-shaped valve 3303 to move forward.

[0091] On the one hand, after the large T-shaped valve 3303 moves forward, it will push the front end face of the lever sleeve 3301 to press against the outer flange of the clutch section 3102, forming a coaxial rotating meshing connection, that is, the lever sleeve 3301 and the adjusting shaft 31 rotate coaxially.

[0092] On the other hand, as the large T-valve 3303 moves forward, the large one-way valve also opens. The oil in the central fluid channel 3108 flows through the gap into the large cavity 3107, then through the transition fluid channel 3112 and the radial fluid channel 3111, and finally into the shortened connecting channel 107. After passing through the shortened connecting channel 107, it flows into the shortened movement channel 109, driving the arc-shaped push rod 3302 in the shortened movement channel 109 to push the lever sleeve 3301 in the lever space 106. This causes the lever of the lever sleeve 3301 to overcome the magnetic force between itself and the lever magnet 3314 and swing within the lever space 106. As a result, the swinging of the lever sleeve 3301 drives the adjusting shaft 31 to rotate. Then, the rotation of the adjusting shaft 31 drives the adjusting plate 5 to move axially to the rear end via the threaded sliding pair, thereby expanding the pressure chamber S5. After the pressure in the pressure chamber S5 decreases, the pressure is transmitted through the cylindrical hole 102, ultimately causing the transmission rod 4 to move to the rear end. Figure 13 As shown, the total length LX of the transmission mechanism 0 becomes shorter, thereby completing the adaptive retraction motion.

[0093] Therefore, the thread direction relationship between the adjusting shaft 31 and the adjusting plate 5 should be such that when the adjusting shaft 31 is pushed in the forward direction by the arc-shaped push rod 3302 along with the lever sleeve 3301, the adjusting plate 5 is limited and cannot rotate, but can move backward.

[0094] like Figure 10 (b) and Figure 12 As shown, the return state:

[0095] Each time the transmission rod 4 moves outward from the housing 1 without pressing, the process is basically the opposite of the above. The pressure in the pressure chamber S5 is released, and the pressure in the overall cavity formed by the small valve chamber 3312, the one-way valve inner cavity 3309, and the axial channel 3313 is also released, and the pressure is greatly reduced. The pressure in the overall cavity formed by the small valve chamber 3312, the one-way valve inner cavity 3309, and the axial channel 3313 is then greater than the pressure in the right-angle channel 3311. The large T-valve 3303 moves backward, and under the action of the large spring 3304, the large one-way valve closes quickly, but... This is because the oil in the integral cavity formed by the right-angle channel 3311, the transition fluid channel 3112, the radial fluid channel 3111, and the large cavity 3107 cannot be discharged. After the large check valve is quickly closed, the pressure in the integral cavity formed by the right-angle channel 3311, the transition fluid channel 3112, the radial fluid channel 3111, and the large cavity 3107 will be greater than the pressure in the integral cavity formed by the small valve cavity 3312, the check valve inner cavity 3309, and the axial channel 3313. Therefore, it will push the small T-valve 3306 to move backward, causing the small check valve to open.

[0096] After the small one-way valve opens, the lever magnet 3314 exerts a magnetic force on the lever sleeve 3301. Under the magnetic force of the lever magnet 3314, the lever sleeve 3301 returns to its original position, close to the step surface between the lever space 106 and the shortening movement channel 109. This causes the arc-shaped push rod 3302 to retract. The retraction of the arc-shaped push rod 3302 pushes the oil in the shortening movement channel 109 and the shortening connecting channel 107 back into the overall cavity formed by the right-angle channel 3311, the transition fluid channel 3112, the radial fluid channel 3111, and the large cavity 3107. Then, the oil in the right-angle channel 3311 flows through the gap into the small valve cavity 3312. The oil in the small valve cavity 3312 then flows through the one-way valve inner cavity 3309 and the axial channel 3313 into the central fluid channel 3108, and finally returns to the pressure chamber S5.

[0097] It should be noted that the entire process described above is automatically adjusted by the system.

Claims

1. An intelligent operation and maintenance device that automatically shortens the working stroke of a rock drilling rig, characterized in that: The rock drilling rig includes a support cylinder (8), a transmission mechanism (0), a drill rod (9), and an impact piston (7); the transmission mechanism (0), the drill rod (9), and the impact piston (7) are all located inside the support cylinder (8), and the drill rod (9) and the impact piston (7) are located at the front and rear ends of the transmission mechanism (0), respectively. The transmission mechanism (0) is used to receive the impact pressure of the impact piston (7) and then transmit it to the end face of the drill rod (9); The transmission mechanism (0) includes a housing (1), a shortening adjustment structure (3) located inside the housing (1), and transmission rods (4) and adjustment plates (5) located at the front and rear ends of the housing (1), respectively. An adjustment cavity (101) is provided in the rear part of the housing (1), and the rear end of the adjustment cavity (101) is connected to the outside atmosphere through a through hole on the rear end face of the housing (1). A plurality of cylindrical holes (102) are provided in the front part of the housing (1), and the plurality of cylindrical holes (102) are evenly distributed around the circumference of the housing (1). The front end of the cylindrical holes (102) penetrates through the front end face of the housing (1), and the rear end of the cylindrical holes (102) is connected to the adjustment cavity (101). An adjustment plate (5) is installed in the adjustment cavity (101) from front to back. (5) It can only move axially within the adjustment cavity (101) and cannot rotate; a central cavity (104) is provided in the middle of the housing (1), the rear end of the central cavity (104) is connected to the adjustment cavity (101), a shortening adjustment structure (3) is installed in the central cavity (104), the rear end of the shortening adjustment structure (3) extends out of the central cavity (104) and extends into the adjustment cavity (101) and is connected to the adjustment plate (5) by a thread; the transmission rod (4) is located at the front end of the housing (1) for contacting the output pressure, and a part of the transmission rod (4) extends into the cylindrical hole (102) and moves axially, thereby driving the pressure change in the cylindrical hole (102) to be transmitted to the shortening adjustment structure (3) through the adjustment cavity (101); The shortening adjustment structure (3) includes an adjustment shaft (31) and a shortening component (33); the shortening component (33) includes a large one-way valve, a small one-way valve and a lever bushing (3301); the valve shaft section (3103) of the adjustment shaft (31) has a small cavity (3106) and a large cavity (3107) sequentially opened along the axial direction from the front end to the rear end, the small cavity (3106) and the large cavity (3107) are coaxially connected, and the large cavity (3107) is connected to the central fluid channel (3108); The regulating shaft (31) has a stepped shaft structure and is divided into five sections from the front end to the rear end: an end section (3101), a clutch section (3102), a valve shaft section (3103), a long shaft section (3104), and a threaded section (3105). The clutch section (3102) of the regulating shaft (31) has a vertically penetrating strip groove (3110) in the middle of the rear end near the valve shaft section (3103). The strip groove (3110), the small cavity (3106), and the large cavity (3105) are all connected. 7) A large one-way valve that allows only forward movement is installed in the space formed. A small one-way valve that allows only backward movement is installed inside the large one-way valve. The clutch section (3102) has an outer flange at the end near the end section (3101). A lever sleeve (3301) is movably fitted on the clutch section (3102) between the outer flange and the strip groove (3110). When the rear step surface of the outer flange and the front end surface of the lever sleeve (3301) are in close contact, they form a coaxial rotational meshing connection. The large one-way valve includes a large T-shaped valve (3303) and a large spring (3304). The small end of the large T-shaped valve (3303) is installed in the small cavity (3106) and the large cavity (3107). The large end of the large T-shaped valve (3303) is installed in the strip groove (3110) and can only move axially along the strip groove (3110). The very end of the small end of the large T-shaped valve (3303) is fixedly provided with an annular flange. The large spring (3304) is connected between the stepped surface between the small cavity (3106) and the large cavity (3107) and the annular flange. The large spring (3304) is also fitted outside the small end of the large T-shaped valve (3303). The lever bushing (3301) has a bushing magnet (3308) embedded in the rear end face near the large T-valve (3303) for magnetic adsorption with the magnetic material of the large T-valve (3303). The large T-valve (3303) has a ball bearing (3305) installed on the front end face near the lever bushing (3301) for rolling connection with the end face of the lever bushing (3301).

2. The intelligent operation and maintenance device for automatically shortening the working stroke of a rock drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front end face of the transmission rod (4) is used to contact the external action surface and sense and receive the inclination of the external action surface, and the rear end can be axially moved and sealed into the corresponding cylindrical hole (102).

3. The intelligent operation and maintenance device for automatically shortening the working stroke of a rock drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer peripheral surface of the regulating plate (5) is sealed to the cavity wall of the regulating cavity (101). The regulating cavity (101) is divided into a pressure cavity (S5) at the front end of the regulating plate (5) and a free cavity (S6) at the rear end of the regulating plate (5) by the regulating plate (5). When the shortening adjustment structure (3) is installed in the central cavity (104), it forms a relative seal between itself and the rear cavity wall of the central cavity (104), so that the front cavity space of the central cavity (104) forms a relatively independent motion cavity (S3).

4. The intelligent operation and maintenance device for automatically shortening the working stroke of a rock drilling rig according to claim 3, characterized in that: The motion chamber (S3) and free chamber (S6) are both connected to the outside atmosphere; the pressure chamber (S5) is not connected to the outside atmosphere, and is a relatively closed chamber filled with oil, which is called the oil chamber.

5. The intelligent operation and maintenance device for automatically shortening the working stroke of a rock drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting shaft (31) is located on the central axis of the housing (1). One end of the adjusting shaft (31) extends into the central cavity (104), and the other end of the adjusting shaft (31) passes through the central cavity (104) and extends into the adjusting cavity (101), where it is threadedly connected to the central hole of the adjusting plate (5). When the middle part of the adjusting shaft (31) passes through the central cavity (104), it is sealed to the inner wall of the rear end of the central cavity (104) and is rotatably supported by a bearing (32), so that a relatively closed motion cavity (S3) is formed at the front of the central cavity (104). The adjusting shaft (31) is equipped with a shortening component (33); the adjusting shaft (31) in the pressure chamber (S5) has a radial fluid hole (3109) on its outer peripheral wall, and a central fluid channel (3108) is axially opened in the center of the adjusting shaft (31). The rear end of the central fluid channel (3108) is connected to the pressure chamber (S5) through the fluid hole (3109), and the front end is connected to the shortening component (33), which drives the shortening component (33) to drive the adjusting shaft (31) to rotate, thereby driving the adjusting plate (5) and the transmission rod (4) to move to the rear end to achieve shortening.

6. The intelligent operation and maintenance device for automatically shortening the working stroke of a rock drilling rig according to claim 5, characterized in that: The threaded section (3105) is provided with an external thread, and the external thread of the threaded section (3105) is threadedly fitted into the central hole of the adjusting plate (5); the front part of the long shaft section (3104) is rotatably fitted into the rear end of the central cavity (104) through the bearing (32), and a central fluid channel (3108) is provided in the central axis of the long shaft section (3104), and a fluid hole (3109) is provided at the rear end of the long shaft section (3104) near the threaded section (3105); the valve shaft section (3103) is sealed in the central cavity (104), and an inner cavity and flow channel communicating with the front end of the central fluid channel (3108) are provided inside the valve shaft section (3103); a strip groove is provided in the clutch section (3102) near the rear end of the valve shaft section (3103), and a shortening component (33) is installed in the inner cavity and flow channel of the valve shaft section (3103) and the strip groove of the clutch section (3102).

7. The intelligent operation and maintenance device for automatically shortening the working stroke of a rock drilling rig according to claim 5, characterized in that: The large T-shaped valve (3303) has a small valve chamber (3312) and an axial channel (3313) sequentially opened along the axial direction from the front end to the rear end. The small valve chamber (3312) and the axial channel (3313) are connected. The axial channel (3313) and the central fluid channel (3108) are coaxially and directly connected. A small check valve is installed in the small valve chamber (3312). A right-angle channel (3311) is provided in the large T-shaped valve (3303) on the front end face of the small valve chamber (3312). One end of the right-angle channel (3311) is connected to the small valve chamber (3312), and the other end is bent at a right angle and passes through the side wall of the large T-shaped valve (3303). The small one-way valve includes a small T-valve (3306) and a small spring (3307). The small end of the small T-valve (3306) is installed in the axial channel (3313), and the large end of the small T-valve (3306) is installed in the small valve cavity (3312) and plugs the connection between the front end face of the small valve cavity (3312) and the right-angle channel (3311). A small spring connects the stepped surface between the large and small ends of the small T-valve (3306) and the rear end face of the small valve cavity (3312). 3307), the small spring (3307) is also fitted outside the small end of the small T-valve (3306); the small end of the small T-valve (3306) is provided with a one-way valve cavity (3309), and the small end of the small T-valve (3306) has a radial fluid hole (3310) on the side wall near the large end. The rear end of the one-way valve cavity (3309) and the axial channel (3313) are coaxially and directly connected. The front end of the one-way valve cavity (3309) is connected to the small valve cavity (3312) through the fluid hole (3310).

8. The intelligent operation and maintenance device for automatically shortening the working stroke of a rock drilling rig according to claim 6, characterized in that: The lever sleeve (3301) mainly consists of an annular portion and a lever fixedly connected to one side of the annular portion. The lever is magnetic. The annular portion is fitted onto the clutch section (3102) of the adjusting shaft (31). An arc-shaped lever space (106) for the rotation of the lever sleeve (3301) and the swinging of the lever is provided on one side of the motion cavity (S3) surrounding the lever. An arc-shaped shortening motion channel (109) is provided on the other side of the motion cavity (S3). An arc-shaped push rod (3302) is sealed in the middle of the channel (109). The shortened motion channel (109) is directly connected to the lever space (106) at one end near the lever, and the other end is used to connect to the large cavity (3107) and the right-angle channel (3311). Furthermore, two lever magnets (3314) for magnetically adsorbing the lever on the lever bushing (3301) are embedded in the clutch section (3102) on both sides of the shortened motion channel (109) near the lever. Meanwhile, a radial fluid channel (3111) and a transition fluid channel (3112) are opened inside the valve shaft section (3103). The other end of the right-angle channel (3311) of the large T-shaped valve (3303) in the small cavity (3106) is connected to one end of the radial fluid channel (3111). The rear end of the large cavity (3107) is connected to the middle of the transition fluid channel (3112) and the radial fluid channel (3111). The other end of the radial fluid channel (3111) passes through the outer wall of the valve shaft section (3103). An annular cavity (105) is opened on the inner circumferential surface of the central cavity (104) where the port of the radial fluid channel (3111) passes through the outer wall of the valve shaft section (3103). The annular cavity (105) is connected to the other end of the shortened connecting channel (107) and the shortened moving channel (109) opened inside the shell (1).

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