Monitoring methods for livestock emissions from pastures

Abstract

The present invention relates to a monitoring method for livestock emissions from pastures, comprising the following steps: Step 1: a closed breeding pen is set up, and exhaust equipment is set up in the breeding pen, the exhaust equipment has at least one exhaust pipe, an air flow meter and a monitoring device are set up in the exhaust pipe, the air flow rate per unit time is measured by the air flow meter, and the concentration of greenhouse gases in the air passing through the air per unit time is measured by the monitoring device. In this technical solution, the rotating disk and the air duct are rotated together, and when the air in the air duct flows, the blades on the rotating disk can be pushed to drive the rotating disk to rotate, thereby driving the scraper to rotate, and the scraper is used to continuously clean the surface of the monitoring equipment hoisted in the air duct, so that the surface of the monitoring equipment is kept clean, which can effectively improve the accuracy of the monitoring equipment in measuring the greenhouse gas content in the exhaust gas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of gas emission monitoring equipment, and in particular to a monitoring method for emissions from livestock raised in pastures. Background Art

[0002] The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations pointed out in a report published in August 2013 that the agricultural sector is an important source of greenhouse gas emissions, of which livestock greenhouse gas emissions account for 18% of the total global anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. The methane, nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide produced by the global livestock and poultry farming industry account for 37%, 65% and 9% of the total emissions from human activities. In order to measure the greenhouse gas emissions in animal husbandry and assess its impact on the ecological environment, it is necessary to detect the emission flux of methane and nitrous oxide gases produced in the livestock production process.

[0003] Theoretically, the tracer gas method and the micro-meteorological method are ideal methods for detecting gas emissions, but such methods have high requirements for the stability of the detection environment and the equipment, and the operation is complicated, which makes it very difficult to use in the livestock breeding industry. The micro-meteorological method is suitable for the detection of greenhouse gas emission fluxes from open sources in a large range. It will not affect the soil conditions, air flow, animal habits and surrounding environment of the detection site under natural conditions, and the test results are theoretically very accurate; but it requires a large number of precision instruments, high costs, and complex operations, and requires the air environment of the detection system to have high stability, and has high requirements for the stability of wind speed and wind direction. The tracer method is also suitable for greenhouse gas emission detection in different space sizes, and the operation is simpler than the micro-meteorological method; but it requires the stable release of a large amount of tracer gas. After the tracer gas and the target gas to be detected are fully mixed, it is required to be able to accurately detect the tracer gas and target gas concentrations in real time, and it also has high requirements for the stability of the wind speed and wind direction of the detection object.

[0004] At present, breeding pens are usually equipped with ventilation equipment, which extracts the air in the breeding pens through fans to circulate the air in the breeding pens. If the gas monitoring equipment is set in the exhaust pipe of the ventilation equipment, the air discharged from the breeding pens can be monitored to achieve the purpose of continuous monitoring of greenhouse gases in the air discharged from the breeding pens.

[0005] However, since livestock are concentrated in breeding pens, the gas discharged to the outside will contain a large amount of water vapor. When the air flows through the gas monitoring equipment, the water vapor contained in the air will adhere to the gas monitoring equipment, which will adversely affect the accuracy of the monitoring results. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a monitoring method for livestock emissions in pastures to solve the problem in the prior art that moisture contained in the air in breeding pens is easily condensed on the monitoring equipment and affects the monitoring results.

[0007] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] A method for monitoring emissions from livestock raised in pastures, comprising the following steps:

[0009] Step 1: a closed breeding pen is set up, and exhaust equipment is set up in the breeding pen, the exhaust equipment has at least one exhaust pipe, an air flow meter and a monitoring device are set up in the exhaust pipe, the air flow meter measures the air flow rate per unit time, and the monitoring device measures the concentration of greenhouse gases in the air passing through the air per unit time;

[0010] Step 2: Calculate the total greenhouse gas emissions of livestock fed with corresponding grassland pasture in the breeding pens based on the air circulation volume per unit time and the greenhouse gas content in the air;

[0011] Step 3: Build an emission model for individual livestock based on the overall emissions;

[0012] Step 4: Use the static box method to calculate the total greenhouse gas emissions of the ungrazed grassland ecosystem (soil and grass) during the grazing cycle;

[0013] Step 5: Calculate the total greenhouse gas emissions per unit area of ​​soil, grass and livestock in grazing grassland;

[0014] Step 6: Calculate the economic benefits generated by livestock during the grazing cycle;

[0015] Step 7: Calculate the greenhouse gas emissions per unit of economic benefit using the total greenhouse gas emissions of the entire grassland during the grazing cycle and the economic benefits of livestock. This is called the greenhouse gas emission intensity of grazed grassland and is used to assess the greenhouse gas emissions of the grazing system.

[0016] The monitoring device includes an air duct, the lower end of which is an air inlet end, and the upper end is an exhaust end. A fixing frame for installing a monitoring device is installed in the upper end of the air duct, and the monitoring device is suspended in the air duct through the fixing frame. A rotating disk is installed at the lower end of the air duct, and the rotating disk rotates with the air duct, and a plurality of blades for receiving airflow push are arranged on the rotating disk. A rotating rod is installed on the rotating disk, and the lower end of the rotating rod is connected to the center of the rotating disk, and the upper end is provided with a scraper for cleaning the surface of the monitoring device.

[0017] It is further defined that there are multiple scrapers evenly distributed along the circumferential direction, and the scraper includes a horizontal section and a vertical section. One end of the horizontal section is connected to the top of the rotating rod, and the other end extends radially outward. The lower end of the vertical section is connected to the outward end of the horizontal section, and the other end extends upward.

[0018] It is further defined that both sides of the vertical section are provided with blade surfaces for being tangent to the surface of the monitoring equipment.

[0019] It is further defined that a scraper strip is disposed on the top surface of the horizontal segment, and the scraper strip intersects with the extension direction of the horizontal segment.

[0020] It is further defined that a connecting rod is provided between the upper ends of two adjacent vertical segments, the two ends of the connecting rod are respectively connected to the upper ends of the two vertical segments, the connecting rod is an arc-shaped structure, and a plurality of the connecting rods are enclosed to form a ring.

[0021] It is further defined that the rotating disk includes an outer ring body and a center disk, the lower end of the rotating rod is connected to the center of the top surface of the center disk, the blade is arranged between the outer ring body and the center disk, and the two ends of the blade are respectively connected to the inner side of the outer ring body and the outer side of the center disk;

[0022] A fixing ring is provided at the lower end of the air guide tube, and the fixing ring is connected to the lower end of the air guide tube. A fixing groove for clamping an outer ring body is provided between the inner top surface of the fixing ring and the inner bottom surface of the air guide tube, and the outer ring body is movably clamped in the fixing groove.

[0023] It is further defined that the top surface of the outer ring body is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed mounting holes, rolling support members are provided in the mounting holes, and the bottom of the air guide tube is provided with an annular groove that cooperates with the plurality of rolling support members.

[0024] It is further defined that the rolling support member includes a pin and a ball, the lower end of the pin is plugged into the mounting hole, the top of the pin is provided with a groove, the lower end of the ball is engaged with the groove, and a retaining ring is also provided at the upper end of the pin, the inner diameter of the retaining ring is smaller than the outer diameter of the ball, the top of the ball protrudes from the retaining ring and is inserted into the annular groove.

[0025] It is further defined that the bottom surface of the outer ring body and the top surface of the fixed ring are respectively provided with a first magnetic ring and a second magnetic ring made of permanent magnets, and the magnetic poles of the bottom surface of the first magnetic ring and the top surface of the second magnetic ring are the same.

[0026] It is further defined that an air guide plate is provided at the upper end of the air guide pipe, and an air guide hole is opened in the middle of the air guide plate.

[0027] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0028] This method for monitoring emissions from livestock raised in pastures is based on the rotational coordination of a rotating disk and an air duct. When air flows in the air duct, the blades on the rotating disk can be pushed to drive the rotating disk to rotate, thereby driving a scraper to rotate. The scraper continuously cleans the surface of a monitoring device suspended in the air duct, so that the surface of the monitoring device is kept clean, which can effectively improve the accuracy of the monitoring device in measuring the greenhouse gas content in the emission gas.

[0029] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be described in the following description to some extent, and to some extent, will be obvious to those skilled in the art based on the following examination and study, or can be taught from the practice of the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 A perspective view of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified view of middle;

[0033] Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the combined state of the air guide tube and the fixing ring;

[0034] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotating disk;

[0035] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the scraper and the rotating rod;

[0036] In the figure: 1. monitoring equipment; 2. air guide tube; 3. blade; 4. rotating rod; 5. mounting flange; 6. inner ring; 7. outer ring; 8. support plate; 9. horizontal section; 10. vertical section; 11. blade surface; 12. scraper; 13. connecting rod; 14. outer ring body; 15. center disk; 16. fixing ring; 17. fixing groove; 18. baffle; 19. mounting hole; 20. rolling support; 21. annular groove; 22. latch; 23. ball; 24. retaining ring; 25. first magnetic ring; 26. second magnetic ring; 27. air guide plate; 28. air guide hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0038] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0040] In the above description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "one side", "the other side", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the invention is usually placed when in use, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0041] In addition, the term "same" does not mean that the parts must be absolutely the same, but slight differences are allowed. The term "vertical" only means that the positional relationship between the parts is more vertical than "parallel", and does not mean that the structure must be completely vertical, but can be slightly tilted.

[0042] See also Figure 1-6 The present invention provides a technical solution: a monitoring method for livestock emissions from pastures, comprising the following steps:

[0043] Step 1: a closed breeding pen is set up, and exhaust equipment is set up in the breeding pen, the exhaust equipment has at least one exhaust pipe, an air flow meter and a monitoring device are set up in the exhaust pipe, the air flow meter measures the air flow rate per unit time, and the monitoring device measures the concentration of greenhouse gases in the air passing through the air per unit time;

[0044] Step 2: Calculate the total greenhouse gas emissions of livestock fed with corresponding grassland pasture in the breeding pens based on the air circulation volume per unit time and the greenhouse gas content in the air;

[0045] Step 3: Build an emission model for individual livestock based on the overall emissions;

[0046] Step 4: Use the static box method to calculate the total greenhouse gas emissions of the ungrazed grassland ecosystem (soil and grass) during the grazing cycle;

[0047] Step 5: Calculate the total greenhouse gas emissions per unit area of ​​soil, grass and livestock in grazing grassland;

[0048] Step 6: Calculate the economic benefits generated by livestock during the grazing cycle;

[0049] Step 7: Calculate the greenhouse gas emissions per unit of economic benefit using the total greenhouse gas emissions of the entire grassland during the grazing cycle and the economic benefits of livestock. This is called the greenhouse gas emission intensity of grazed grassland and is used to assess the greenhouse gas emissions of the grazing system.

[0050] The monitoring device includes an air duct 2, the lower end of which is an air inlet end, and the upper end is an exhaust end. A fixing frame for installing a monitoring device 1 is installed in the upper end of the air duct 2, and the monitoring device 1 is suspended in the air duct 2 through the fixing frame. A rotating disk is installed at the lower end of the air duct 2, and the rotating disk rotates with the air duct 2, and a plurality of blades 3 for receiving airflow push are arranged on the rotating disk. A rotating rod 4 is installed on the rotating disk, and the lower end of the rotating rod 4 is connected to the center of the rotating disk, and the upper end is provided with a scraper for cleaning the surface of the monitoring device 1.

[0051] The outer side of the air duct 2 can be connected to the exhaust duct of the exhaust device by setting a mounting flange 5, the fixing frame includes an inner ring 6 and an outer ring 7, the monitoring device 1 is installed on the inner ring 6, the outer ring 7 is installed on the upper end of the air duct 2, the inner ring 6 and the outer ring 7 are connected by setting a support plate 8, so that the monitoring device 1 is suspended in the air duct 2, the rotating disk is matched with the air duct 2 for rotation, and a plurality of blades 3 are arranged on it, the blades 3 are used to receive the push of the airflow, and the rotating disk is rotated under the impact of the airflow, and then the scraper is driven to rotate through the rotating rod 4;

[0052] Among them, the lower end of the air duct 2 serves as the air inlet end. The air in the breeding house enters from the lower end of the air duct 2 under the action of the exhaust equipment. When flowing in the exhaust duct, it will push the blade 3, and then push the rotating disk to rotate. The rotating disk drives the rotating rod 4 and the scraper to rotate, so as to clean the surface of the monitoring device 1 through the scraper. The scraper cleaning action is carried out synchronously with the rotating disk and the air flow to maintain continuous monitoring of the greenhouse gases generated by the livestock in the breeding house. The monitoring device 1 can be kept clean by cleaning with the scraper, which is beneficial to improve the accuracy of the detection results of the exhaust air. In addition, the amount of greenhouse gases generated by a single livestock can be modeled through the number of livestock raised in the breeding house and the total amount of emissions per unit time.

[0053] In this embodiment, a plurality of scrapers are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction, and the scraper includes a horizontal section 9 and a vertical section 10. One end of the horizontal section 9 is connected to the top of the rotating rod 4, and the other end extends radially outward. The lower end of the vertical section 10 is connected to the outward end of the horizontal section 9, and the other end extends upward.

[0054] The scraper is composed of a horizontal section 9 and a vertical section 10 to form an L-shaped structure. Multiple scrapers will form a cage-like structure surrounding the monitoring device 1, wherein the horizontal section 9 is used to fit the bottom of the monitoring device 1 to clean the bottom of the detection device, and the vertical section 10 is used to clean the side of the monitoring device 1. Through continuous rotation, the bottom and sides of the monitoring device 1 can be kept clean, so that the monitoring device 1 can be kept clean to maintain the accuracy of the detection results.

[0055] In this embodiment, blade surfaces 11 for being tangent to the surface of the monitoring device 1 are provided on both sides of the vertical section 10 .

[0056] Blade surfaces 11 are arranged on both sides of the vertical section 10. When the vertical section 10 rotates, one of the blade surfaces 11 is in front and the other blade surface 11 is in the back. The front blade surface 11 is used to clean the surface of the monitoring equipment 1. In addition, by using the front blade surface 11 as the windward surface, the agitation of the air caused when it comes into contact with the air can be reduced, and the rear blade surface 11 will serve as a guide surface for the airflow to pass through, further reducing the interference with the air flow.

[0057] In this embodiment, a scraper strip 12 is disposed on the top surface of the horizontal section 9 , and the scraper strip 12 intersects with the extending direction of the horizontal section 9 .

[0058] A scraper strip 12 is arranged on the horizontal section 9, and the bottom of the monitoring device 1 is cleaned by the scraper strip 12. The scraper strip 12 supports the bottom of the monitoring device 1 and the scraper plate, so that a gap is formed between the two, so that the cleaned condensate is first collected in the gap, and then discharged outwardly by the centrifugal force caused by rotation. The scraper strip 12 can be made of flexible materials such as rubber to reduce the loss of the scraper strip 12 to the monitoring device 1. The horizontal section 9 extends horizontally and radially on the annular surface, and its extension direction will be consistent with the radius direction of the annular surface. The scraper strip 12 intersects with the extension direction of the scraper plate, so that the scraper strip 12 can have a cutting action when cleaning the bottom surface of the monitoring device 1, and the condensate can be better squeezed outward after being cleaned.

[0059] In this embodiment, a connecting rod 13 is provided between the upper ends of two adjacent vertical sections 10 , and both ends of the connecting rod 13 are respectively connected to the upper ends of the two vertical sections 10 . The connecting rod 13 is an arc-shaped structure, and a plurality of the connecting rods 13 are enclosed to form a ring.

[0060] A ring structure is formed on the top of the vertical segment 10 by multiple connecting rods, and the upper ends of multiple vertical segments 10 are connected and fixed by the ring structure, so as to prevent the upper ends of the vertical segments 10 from deflecting outward and separating from the surface of the monitoring device 1 in the rotating state, so that the upper ends of the vertical segments 10 can effectively maintain contact with the surface of the monitoring device 1.

[0061] In this embodiment, the rotating disk includes an outer ring body 14 and a center disk 15, the lower end of the rotating rod 4 is connected to the center of the top surface of the center disk 15, the blade 3 is arranged between the outer ring body 14 and the center disk 15, and the two ends of the blade 3 are respectively connected to the inner side of the outer ring body 14 and the outer side of the center disk 15; the lower end of the air guide tube 2 is provided with a fixing ring 16, the fixing ring 16 is connected to the lower end of the air guide tube 2, and a fixing groove 17 for clamping the outer ring body 14 is provided between the inner top surface of the fixing ring 16 and the inner bottom surface of the air guide tube 2, and the outer ring body 14 is movably clamped in the fixing groove 17.

[0062] Steps are provided on the inner side of the lower end of the air guide tube 2 and the inner side of the top surface of the fixing ring 16. The two steps are buckled to form a fixing groove 17. The outer ring body 14 is in the fixing groove 17. The fixing groove 17 will serve as a limiting structure for the rotation of the outer ring body 14, and the outer ring body 14 is connected to the center disk 15 through the blade 3 to form an integrated structure, wherein a spline hole is opened at the center of the center disk 15, and a spline matching with the spline hole is provided at the lower end of the rotating rod 4. The rotating rod 4 and the center disk 15 are connected through the spline matching, and a baffle 18 can also be provided on the bottom surface of the center disk 15. The baffle 18 is fixed to the lower end of the rotating rod 4 by bolts, and is used to fix the rotating rod 4 on the center disk 15; wherein the center disk 15 can be a hollow structure closed by the baffle 18 to reduce the overall weight, so that the rotating disk as a whole is more easily driven by the airflow to rotate.

[0063] In this embodiment, the top surface of the outer ring body 14 is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed mounting holes 19 , and rolling support members 20 are arranged in the mounting holes 19 . The bottom of the air guide tube 2 is provided with an annular groove 21 that cooperates with the plurality of rolling support members 20 .

[0064] Since the airflow pushes the blade 3 from downward to upward, the upper surface of the outer ring body 14 of the rotating disk will be squeezed and pushed by the airflow to fit the bottom of the air duct 2 when the rotating disk rotates. By setting a rolling support 20 on the outer ring body 14 as a support structure between the outer ring body 14 and the air duct 2, the rolling support 20 can change the sliding friction during the relative movement of the two into rolling friction when the outer ring body 14 rotates, which can reduce the friction between the two and make the outer ring body 14 rotate easily. In addition, an annular groove 21 is set at the bottom of the air duct 2. The annular groove 21 is used as a moving track of the rolling support 20, so that the rotating disk can be in a stable state on the horizontal plane when it rotates, so that it maintains axial concentricity with the monitoring equipment 1.

[0065] In this embodiment, the rolling support member 20 includes a pin 22 and a ball 23. The lower end of the pin 22 is plugged into the mounting hole 19. A groove is provided at the top of the pin 22. The lower end of the ball 23 is engaged with the groove. A retaining ring 24 is also provided at the upper end of the pin 22. The inner diameter of the retaining ring 24 is smaller than the outer diameter of the ball 23. The top of the ball 23 protrudes from the retaining ring 24 and is inserted into the annular groove 21.

[0066] Among them, the pin 22 will serve as a connecting structure on the mounting hole 19 and as a mounting base for the ball 23. The retaining ring 24 is used to fix the ball 23 in the groove, and contact with the air duct 2 through the ball 23. The contact point is located in the annular groove 21, forming a rolling structure in the annular groove 21. Multiple rolling support members 20 are evenly distributed on the outer ring body 14, forming a balanced support between the outer ring body 14 and the air duct 2, thereby improving the stability of the rotation of the outer ring body 14.

[0067] In this embodiment, the bottom surface of the outer ring body 14 and the top surface of the fixed ring 16 are respectively provided with a first magnetic ring 25 and a second magnetic ring 26 made of permanent magnets, and the magnetic poles of the bottom surface of the first magnetic ring 25 and the top surface of the second magnetic ring 26 are the same.

[0068] The first magnetic ring 25 is fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the outer ring body 14, and the second magnetic ring 26 is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the fixed ring 16, and the first magnetic ring 25 and the second magnetic ring 26 are arranged opposite to each other, and are separated by magnetic push. In the separated state, the two do not contact each other, and there will be no friction between the two when the outer ring body 14 rotates, and the outer ring body 14 can be pushed upward, so that the rolling support 20 and the annular groove 21 maintain a matching state. In this state, the outer side of the rotating ring and the bottom of the fixed groove 17 can maintain a stable structure in the horizontal direction without maintaining a contact state.

[0069] In this embodiment, an air guide plate 27 is disposed at the upper end of the air guide tube 2 , and an air guide hole 28 is opened in the middle of the air guide plate 27 .

[0070] The air guide plate 27 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the air guide pipe 2, and an air guide hole 28 is opened in the middle thereof. When the air flow passes through, it will be discharged outward from the air guide hole 28 under the obstruction of the air guide plate 27, thereby restricting the flow of the air flow, which is beneficial to improving the contact between the air flow and the monitoring device 1.

[0071] The above scheme is used to monitor the gas emissions from breeding pens, and the livestock emissions are modeled based on the monitoring results and applied to calculate the emission intensity of the pasture ecosystem;

[0072] The data sources for this calculation include livestock emissions measured by the above-mentioned monitoring devices, as well as the amount of greenhouse gases (GHG) emitted or consumed directly or indirectly by vegetation, soil, and human management factors throughout the year, mainly including carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4);

[0073] Its technical parameters are provided according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC);

[0074] Among them, the parameter ratio data source rule is:

[0075] On a 100-year time scale, the global warming potential (GWP) of CH4 emitted into the atmosphere is g Radiative forcing of CH4 and 1k g The radiative forcing ratio of CO2 is 25 times that of CO2, and the GWP of N2O is 298 times that of CO2. The CO2 equivalent of the farm for a whole year is calculated as follows:

[0076]

[0077] in: It represents the annual CO2 equivalent of the entire grassland ecosystem;

[0078] FCO2 represents the annual CO2 flux of the entire grazed grassland ecosystem;

[0079] FN2O represents the annual N2O flux of the entire grassland ecosystem;

[0080] FCH4 represents the annual CH4 flux of the entire grassland ecosystem;

[0081] When any gas in a grassland ecosystem is emitted, the flux value is considered positive, and when it is absorbed, the flux value is considered negative.

[0082] Calculate the economic output of grassland ecosystems throughout the year, mainly including the economic value of harvested hay and weight gain of grazing livestock, calculated based on the selling price of the year.

[0083] CO2 emissions equivalent of grassland ecosystems throughout the year The CO2 emission equivalent per unit economic output is calculated based on the economic output (EY), which is the GHG emission intensity G (GEI) of the grazing grassland ecosystem. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0084]

[0085] By continuously observing the greenhouse gas emissions or absorption of grassland soil, vegetation and grazing livestock, the carbon equivalent emitted per unit area of ​​the observed ecosystem is calculated based on the warming potential of various greenhouse gases given by the IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change). The carbon emissions per unit economic output are calculated based on the pasture and livestock productivity of the ecosystem, which is the GHG emission intensity of the grazing grassland ecosystem.

[0086] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring emissions from livestock raised in pastures, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: a closed breeding pen is set up, and exhaust equipment is set up in the breeding pen, the exhaust equipment has at least one exhaust pipe, an air flow meter and a monitoring device are set up in the exhaust pipe, the air flow meter measures the air flow rate per unit time, and the monitoring device measures the concentration of greenhouse gases in the air passing through the air per unit time; Step 2: Calculate the total greenhouse gas emissions of livestock fed with corresponding grassland pasture in the breeding pens based on the air circulation volume per unit time and the greenhouse gas content in the air; Step 3: Build an emission model for individual livestock based on the overall emissions; Step 4: Use the static box method to calculate the total greenhouse gas emissions of the ungrazed grassland ecosystem during the grazing cycle; Step 5: Calculate the total greenhouse gas emissions per unit area of ​​soil, grass and livestock in grazing grassland; Step 6: Calculate the economic benefits generated by livestock during the grazing cycle; Step 7: Calculate the greenhouse gas emissions per unit of economic benefit using the total greenhouse gas emissions of the entire grassland during the grazing cycle and the economic benefits of livestock. This is called the greenhouse gas emission intensity of grazed grassland and is used to assess the greenhouse gas emissions of the grazing system. The monitoring device includes an air duct, the lower end of which is an air inlet end, and the upper end is an exhaust end. A fixing frame for installing a monitoring device is installed in the upper end of the air duct, and the monitoring device is suspended in the air duct through the fixing frame. A rotating disk is installed at the lower end of the air duct, and the rotating disk rotates with the air duct, and a plurality of blades for receiving airflow push are arranged on the rotating disk. A rotating rod is installed on the rotating disk, and the lower end of the rotating rod is connected to the center of the rotating disk, and the upper end is provided with a scraper for cleaning the surface of the monitoring device.

2. The method for monitoring emissions from livestock raised in pastures according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are multiple scrapers evenly distributed along the circumferential direction. The scrapers include a horizontal section and a vertical section. One end of the horizontal section is connected to the top of the rotating rod, and the other end extends radially outward. The lower end of the vertical section is connected to the outward end of the horizontal section, and the other end extends upward.

3. The method for monitoring emissions from livestock raised in pastures according to claim 2, characterized in that: Both sides of the vertical section are provided with blade surfaces for being tangent to the surface of the monitoring equipment.

4. The method for monitoring emissions of livestock raised in pastures according to claim 3, characterized in that: A scraper strip is disposed on the top surface of the horizontal section, and the scraper strip intersects with the extension direction of the horizontal section.

5. The method for monitoring emissions of livestock raised in pastures according to claim 4, characterized in that: A connecting rod is arranged between the upper ends of two adjacent vertical sections, and the two ends of the connecting rod are respectively connected to the upper ends of the two vertical sections. The connecting rod is an arc-shaped structure, and a plurality of the connecting rods are enclosed to form a ring.

6. The method for monitoring emissions from livestock raised in pastures according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The rotating disk includes an outer ring body and a center disk, the lower end of the rotating rod is connected to the center of the top surface of the center disk, the blade is arranged between the outer ring body and the center disk, and the two ends of the blade are respectively connected to the inner side of the outer ring body and the outer side of the center disk; a fixing ring is arranged at the lower end of the air guide tube, the fixing ring is connected to the lower end of the air guide tube, a fixing groove for clamping the outer ring body is arranged between the inner top surface of the fixing ring and the inner bottom surface of the air guide tube, and the outer ring body is movably clamped in the fixing groove.

7. The method for monitoring emissions of livestock raised in pastures according to claim 6, characterized in that: The top surface of the outer ring body is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed mounting holes, rolling support members are arranged in the mounting holes, and the bottom of the air guide tube is provided with an annular groove matched with the plurality of rolling support members.

8. The method for monitoring emissions of livestock raised in pastures according to claim 7, characterized in that: The rolling support member includes a pin and a ball. The lower end of the pin is plugged into the mounting hole. A groove is formed on the top of the pin. The lower end of the ball is engaged with the groove. A retaining ring is also provided on the upper end of the pin. The inner diameter of the retaining ring is smaller than the outer diameter of the ball. The top of the ball protrudes from the retaining ring and is inserted into the annular groove.

9. The method for monitoring emissions from livestock raised in pastures according to claim 8, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the outer ring body and the top surface of the fixed ring are respectively provided with a first magnetic ring and a second magnetic ring made of permanent magnets, and the magnetic poles of the bottom surface of the first magnetic ring and the top surface of the second magnetic ring are the same.

10. The method for monitoring emissions of livestock raised in pastures according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air guide plate is arranged at the upper end of the air guide pipe, and an air guide hole is opened in the middle of the air guide plate.

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