Cutting insert and cutting tool assembly comprising the same

Abstract

An embodiment of a cutting insert is provided. The cutting insert includes an upper surface, a lower surface, a plurality of side surfaces extending between the upper surface and the lower surface, an insertion hole extending through the upper surface and the lower surface, and a corner portion provided with a cutting edge. At least one of the upper surface and the lower surface has a plurality of recesses extending between the insertion hole and the corner portion. The plurality of recesses includes a first recess into which a portion of a mounting portion is inserted when the cutting insert is supported by the mounting portion and a second recess into which another portion of the mounting portion is inserted when the cutting insert is supported by the mounting portion. The second recess has a sidewall spaced apart from the another portion of the mounting portion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to cutting inserts and cutting tool assemblies including the same. Background Technology

[0002] When cutting a workpiece with a cutting tool, it is important to allow for the smooth generation of rounded chips and ensure adequate space for chip removal in order to improve surface roughness and the quality of the finished surface. Specifically, in the case of turning inserts, the entry angle during back-turning (i.e., the angle between the cutting edge of the insert and the workpiece surface) is smaller than the entry angle during front-turning. Therefore, it is even more crucial to ensure adequate space for chip removal by effectively arranging the cutting edge and chip formation mechanism relative to the workpiece. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Technical issues

[0004] In conventional turning inserts, when a triangular-shaped positive single-sided insert is mounted on a retainer, the insert's two sides are supported by the insert support portion of the retainer located in the back-turning direction. Due to this support structure, it is difficult to ensure chip evacuation space, and there is a problem of limited cutting depth for back-turning.

[0005] Furthermore, in conventional turning inserts, when a negative double-sided insert with a triangular shape is mounted on a retainer, in addition to the problems caused by the structure of the insert support portion of the retainer, the insert is mounted on the retainer such that the upper surface of the insert is inclined at a negative angle relative to the centerline of the workpiece. Therefore, inevitably, the chip removal space is narrower compared to that obtained with a positive single-sided triangular insert where the arrangement of the cutting edge and the upper surface of the chip forming machine has an angle almost coinciding with the centerline of the workpiece. For this reason, the resulting chips are in poor condition, and the flow of the removed chips may be unsmooth.

[0006] Solution to the problem

[0007] Various embodiments of this disclosure provide cutting inserts capable of smoothly generating cuts and satisfactorily removing chips during turning operations, as well as cutting tool assemblies including the cutting inserts.

[0008] Furthermore, various embodiments of this disclosure provide cutting inserts with a rigid support structure in the absence of a retainer insert support portion, and cutting tool assemblies including the cutting inserts.

[0009] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, a cutting insert is provided, which, when mounted on a cutting tool, is supported by a mounting portion. The cutting insert includes: an upper surface; a lower surface; a plurality of side surfaces extending between the upper surface and the lower surface; an insertion hole extending through the upper surface and the lower surface; and a corner portion having a cutting edge, wherein at least one of the upper surface and the lower surface has a plurality of recesses extending between the insertion hole and the corner portion, the plurality of recesses including a first recess and a second recess, wherein when the cutting insert is supported by the mounting portion, a portion of the mounting portion is inserted into the first recess, and wherein when the cutting insert is supported by the mounting portion, another portion of the mounting portion is inserted into the second recess, the second recess having a sidewall spaced apart from the other portion of the mounting portion.

[0010] In one embodiment, the first recess may contact the mounting portion at two points, and the second recess may have a bottom surface that contacts the mounting portion.

[0011] In one embodiment, the first recess and the mounting portion contact each other at a pair of first contact points, the bottom surface of the second recess and the mounting portion may contact each other at a second contact point, and the line connecting one of the first contact points and the second contact point may form an angle relative to a reference plane perpendicular to the extension direction of the insertion hole.

[0012] In one embodiment, each of the upper and lower surfaces may include a rake face inclined relative to a reference plane perpendicular to the extension direction of the insertion hole, the upper and lower surfaces may be symmetrical to each other, and each of the upper and lower surfaces may include three corners.

[0013] In one embodiment, the tilt angle may be greater than 0° and less than 9°, preferably 4° to 6°.

[0014] In one embodiment, two corners may be provided on the upper surface, and these two corners may be rotationally symmetrical about 180° with respect to the central axis of the insertion hole.

[0015] In one embodiment, the tilt angle may be greater than 0° and less than 9°, preferably 1° to 2°.

[0016] According to another embodiment, a cutting tool assembly is provided, comprising: a retainer configured such that a cutting insert is supported by a mounting portion, wherein the mounting portion includes a first protrusion and a second protrusion formed on a surface supporting the cutting insert, the retainer being configured to contact a side surface of the cutting insert to support the cutting insert and to secure the cutting insert to the mounting portion by a fastening device, the cutting insert including: an upper surface; a lower surface; a plurality of side surfaces extending between the upper surface and the lower surface; an insertion hole extending through the upper surface and the lower surface; and a corner portion having a cutting edge, at least one of the upper surface and the lower surface having a plurality of recesses extending between the insertion hole and the corner portion, the plurality of recesses including a first recess and a second recess, wherein when the cutting insert is supported by the mounting portion, the first protrusion of the mounting portion is inserted into the first recess, and when the cutting insert is supported by the mounting portion, the second protrusion of the mounting portion is inserted into the second recess, and the second recess has a sidewall spaced apart from the second protrusion of the mounting portion.

[0017] In another embodiment, the first recess may contact the first protrusion of the gasket at two points, and the second recess may have a bottom surface that contacts the second protrusion of the mounting portion.

[0018] In another embodiment, the first recess and the first protrusion of the mounting portion may contact each other at a pair of first contact points, the bottom surface of the second recess and the second protrusion of the mounting portion may contact each other at a second contact point, and the line connecting one of the first contact points and the second contact point may form an angle of inclination relative to a reference plane perpendicular to the extension direction of the insertion hole.

[0019] In another embodiment, each of the upper and lower surfaces of the cutting insert may include a rake face inclined relative to a reference plane perpendicular to the extension direction of the insertion hole, the upper and lower surfaces may be symmetrical to each other, and each of the upper and lower surfaces may include three corners.

[0020] In another embodiment, the tilt angle may be greater than 0° and less than 9°, preferably 4° to 6°.

[0021] In another embodiment, when the cutting insert is mounted on the retainer, the upper surface of the cutting insert can form an angle of -5° to +5° relative to the centerline of the workpiece to be cut by the cutting insert.

[0022] In another embodiment, two corner portions may be provided on the upper surface, and these two corner portions may be rotationally symmetrical about 180° with respect to the central axis of the insertion hole.

[0023] In another embodiment, the tilt angle may be greater than 0° and less than 9°, preferably 1° to 2°.

[0024] In another embodiment, when the cutting insert is mounted on the retainer, only the side surface of the cutting insert located on the opposite side of the first recess can contact the retainer.

[0025] In another embodiment, the cutting edge on one side of the first recess of the cutting insert can form an angle of less than 90° with respect to the rotation center axis of the workpiece, and the cutting edge on the other side of the first recess of the cutting insert can form an angle of greater than 90° with respect to the rotation center axis of the workpiece.

[0026] Advantages of the invention

[0027] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the cutting insert can generate smooth chip generation and good chip removal through the effective arrangement of the cutting edges and the height of the chip forming machine. Therefore, smooth chip removal can be achieved by machining the workpiece in a back-turning direction with a small entry angle. Attached Figure Description

[0028] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0029] Figure 1 A perspective view of a cutting tool assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0030] Figure 2 for Figure 1 An exploded perspective view of the cutting tool assembly shown.

[0031] Figure 3 A perspective view of a cutting insert according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0032] Figure 4 for Figure 3 The diagram shows a plan view of the cutting insert.

[0033] Figure 5 for Figure 3 The side view of the cutting insert shown in the figure.

[0034] Figure 6 This is a perspective view showing a shim for supporting a cutting insert according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0035] Figure 7 To illustrate Figure 3 The cutting insert shown Figure 6 A perspective view of the contact portion between the gaskets shown.

[0036] Figure 8For illustrative purposes Figure 3 The cutting insert shown Figure 6 A diagram showing the contact portion between the gaskets.

[0037] Figure 9 For along Figure 8 The sectional view taken by line AA in the figure.

[0038] Figure 10 for Figure 8 The side view of the cutting insert and shim shown in the figure.

[0039] Figure 11 To show Figure 1 The diagram shows the state of the cutting tool assembly cutting the workpiece.

[0040] Figure 12 A perspective view of a cutting tool assembly according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0041] Figure 13 for Figure 12 An exploded perspective view of the cutting tool assembly shown.

[0042] Figure 14 A perspective view of a cutting insert according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0043] Figure 15 for Figure 14 The diagram shows a plan view of the cutting insert.

[0044] Figure 16 for Figure 14 The cutting insert shown is viewed from another direction.

[0045] Figure 17 for Figure 14 The bottom view of the cutting insert is shown in the figure.

[0046] Figure 18 for Figure 14 The side view of the cutting insert shown in the figure.

[0047] Figure 19 This is a perspective view showing a shim for supporting a cutting insert according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0048] Figure 20 To illustrate Figure 14 The cutting insert shown Figure 19 A perspective view of the contact portion between the gaskets shown.

[0049] Figure 21 For illustrative purposes Figure 14 The cutting insert shown Figure 19A diagram showing the contact portion between the gaskets.

[0050] Figure 22 For along Figure 21 The sectional view taken from line BB in the middle.

[0051] Figure 23 for Figure 21 The side view of the cutting insert and shim shown in the figure.

[0052] Figure 24 For illustrative purposes Figure 1 The diagram shows the shape of the retainer of the cutting tool assembly and the angle formed by the cutting edge relative to the axis of rotation of the workpiece.

[0053] Figure 25 For illustrative purposes Figure 12 The diagram shows the shape of the retainer of the cutting tool assembly and the angle formed by the cutting edge relative to the axis of rotation of the workpiece. Detailed Implementation

[0054] The embodiments of this disclosure are described for the purpose of explaining the technical concept of this disclosure. The scope of the claims of this disclosure is not limited to the embodiments presented below or the detailed description of these embodiments.

[0055] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms in this disclosure have the meanings or definitions commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. All terms in this disclosure have been chosen for the purpose of clearly describing the disclosure and not for limiting its scope.

[0056] The terms “comprising,” “including,” “having,” etc., as used in this disclosure should be understood as open-ended terms that may include other embodiments unless otherwise mentioned in the phrase or sentence containing these terms.

[0057] Unless otherwise stated, the singular expressions described in this disclosure may include plural expressions, which will also apply to the singular expressions recited in the claims.

[0058] The terms “first,” “second,” etc., shown in the various embodiments of this disclosure are used to separate multiple elements from each other, and are not intended to limit the order or importance of the respective elements.

[0059] The directional terms "upward" and "upper" used in this document are based on the positioning direction of the upper surface relative to the lower surface in the accompanying drawings. The directional terms "downward" and "lower" refer to directions opposite to "upward" or "upper." The cutting inserts shown in the accompanying drawings may be positioned in other directions, and the above directional terms may be interpreted accordingly.

[0060] In the following description, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same or related components are indicated by the same reference numerals. Repeated descriptions of the same or related components will be omitted in the following description of the embodiments. However, the omission of a description of a component does not imply that that component is excluded from the embodiments.

[0061] In the following description, embodiments of a cutting insert and a cutting tool assembly including the cutting insert will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0062] Figure 1 A perspective view of a cutting tool assembly 1 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 2 for Figure 1 An exploded perspective view of the cutting tool assembly 1 shown.

[0063] refer to Figure 1 and 2 The cutting tool assembly 1 can be used for turning operations. The cutting tool assembly 1 can be mounted on a lathe and configured to cut a rotating workpiece W (see...). Figure 11 The cutting tool assembly 1 may include a cutting insert 100, a mounting portion 200 or 305, and a retainer 300. The mounting portion 200 or 305 may be a gasket 200, or, if no gasket is available, the bottom surface 305 of the retainer pocket portion. The case where the mounting portion 200 or 305 is a gasket 200 will be described below.

[0064] The retainer 300 is used to secure the cutting insert 100 and the shim 200. When the shim 200 is mounted on the retainer 300, a protrusion corresponding to a groove formed on the lower surface 220 of the shim 200 is formed on the bottom surface 305 of the pocket portion of the retainer 300. The groove of the shim 200 and the protrusion of the retainer 300 can contact each other. When viewed from below, the shim 200 has, for example, a groove with a triangular or other shape formed on the lower surface 220 of the shim 200. The protrusion is formed to have a cross-section corresponding to the groove formed on the lower surface 220 of the shim 200, for example, a triangular or other shape. The protrusion has a recessed edge.

[0065] When the cutting insert 100 is mounted on the retainer 300, the shim 200 can be mounted on the retainer 300, and the cutting insert 100 can be mounted on the upper surface 210 of the shim 200. The side surface of the pocket portion of the retainer 300 can contact the side surface 130 of the cutting insert 100 to support the cutting insert 100, and the cutting insert 100 and the shim 200 can be secured by the fixing device 301. Specifically, the shim 200 can be secured to the retainer 300 by a fixing device such as a screw. The cutting insert 100 mounted on the upper surface 210 of the shim 200 can be secured by a clamp 302 or a fixing device 301 such as a screw. The clamp 302 can be secured to the retainer 300 by a fixing screw 303.

[0066] In a cutting tool assembly 1 according to one embodiment, a groove formed on the lower surface 220 of a shim 200 is coupled to a protrusion formed on a retainer 300, and the shim 200 is secured to the retainer 300 by a fastening device such as a screw. A cutting insert 100 is located on the upper surface 210 of the shim 200. A clamp 302 contacts an insertion hole 140 of the cutting insert 100. The clamp 302 is secured to the retainer 300 by a fixing screw 303. The clamp 302 can press the cutting insert 100 against the shim 200 and also against the retainer 300. The cutting insert 100 is secured in contact with the shim 200, the retainer 300, and the clamp 302 to form the cutting tool assembly 1.

[0067] Figure 3 A perspective view of a cutting insert 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 4 for Figure 3 The plan view of the cutting insert 100 shown. Figure 5 for Figure 3 The side view of the cutting insert 100 shown.

[0068] refer to Figures 3 to 5The cutting insert 100 includes an upper surface 110, a lower surface 120, three side surfaces 130 extending between the upper surface 110 and the lower surface 120, and an insertion hole 140 extending through the upper surface 110 and the lower surface 120. The cutting insert 100 may have a triangular shape, for example, it may be symmetrical about the insertion hole 140 extending through the upper surface 110 and the lower surface 120. The upper surface 110 and the lower surface 120 of the cutting insert 100 may be wholly or partially flat, and may include curved surfaces formed in at least a portion of the upper surface 110 and the lower surface 120. In addition, a portion of the upper surface 110 and the lower surface 120 may be formed to be inclined relative to the other portion. Corners 150 are formed in the cutting insert 100, and cutting edges 151 and 152 are formed in each corner 150. The cutting edges 151 and 152 are used to cut the workpiece W. The rake face may be formed such that the thickness of the cutting insert 100 decreases from the corner 150 of the cutting insert 100 toward the insertion hole 140. Clamp contact surfaces 141 and 142, which contact the clamp 302 when the cutting insert 100 is secured to the retainer 300, may be formed in the insertion hole 140. On clamp contact surface 141, the clamp 302 may apply a force pressing the cutting insert 100 against the pad 200. On clamp contact surface 142, the clamp 302 may apply a force pressing the cutting insert 100 against the retainer 300. The cutting insert 100 may be provided with a total of six corners 150, including three corners 150 on the upper surface 110 and three corners 150 on the lower surface 120. Cutting edges 151 and 152 may be formed at each corner 150. Recesses are formed on the upper surface 110 and the lower surface 120. The recess includes a first recess 160 located on the side away from the insertion hole 140, which is the center, and a second recess 170 located on the side closer to the insertion hole 140. A bottom surface 171 and a sidewall 172 may be formed in the second recess 170. On the upper surface 110 and lower surface 120 of the cutting insert 100, corresponding corner portions 150 and recesses are formed symmetrically with respect to the insertion hole 140. The upper surface 110 and lower surface 120 may also be formed symmetrically with respect to each other. When the cutting insert 100 is supported by the gasket 200, the first recess 160 and the second recess 170 may receive the corresponding first protrusion 260 and second protrusion 270 of the gasket 200. The sidewall 172 of the second recess 170 does not contact the sidewall 272 of the corresponding second protrusion 270 of the gasket 200. The above embodiment is described based on the case where the mounting portion 200 or 305 is the gasket 200. However, when the mounting portion 200 or 305 is the bottom surface 305 of the retainer pocket portion, the first protrusion 260 and the second protrusion 270 are formed on the bottom surface 305 of the retainer pocket portion.

[0069] Figure 6A perspective view is shown of a shim 200 used to support a cutting insert 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0070] The pad 200 for supporting the cutting insert 100 according to one embodiment will refer to Figure 6 To describe.

[0071] For example, the gasket 200 may have a triangular shape or other shapes. The gasket 200 includes an upper surface 210, a lower surface 220, three side surfaces 230 extending between the upper surface 210 and the lower surface 220, and a gasket hole 240 extending through the upper surface 210 and the lower surface 220. The three side surfaces 230 extend between the upper surface 210 and the lower surface 220. When the gasket 200 is secured to the retainer 300, a securing device such as a screw passes through the gasket hole 240. A first protrusion 260 and a second protrusion 270, corresponding to the first recess 160 and the second recess 170 of the cutting insert 100, are formed on the upper surface 210 of the gasket 200, i.e., the surface of the gasket 200 supporting the cutting insert 100. The protrusions include a first protrusion 260 positioned away from the centered gasket hole 240 and a second protrusion 270 positioned close to the gasket hole 240. The second protrusion 270 is formed having an upper surface 271 and a sidewall 272. When the cutting insert 100 is supported by the shim 200, the first protrusion 260 and the second protrusion 270 are inserted into the corresponding first recess 160 and second recess 170 of the cutting insert 100 to support the cutting insert 100. Only the upper surface 271 of the second protrusion 270 contacts the bottom surface 171 of the second recess 170. The sidewall 272 of the second protrusion 270 does not contact the sidewall 172 of the second recess 170. When the shim 200 is mounted on the retainer 300, a groove for fixing the shim 200 may be formed on the lower surface 220 of the shim 200.

[0072] Figure 7 To illustrate Figure 3 The cutting insert 100 shown is Figure 6 A perspective view of the contact portion between the gaskets 200 shown. Figure 8 For illustrative purposes Figure 3 The cutting insert 100 shown is Figure 6 A diagram showing the contact portion between the gaskets 200 shown. Figure 9 For along Figure 8 The sectional view taken by line AA in the figure. Figure 10 for Figure 8 The side view of the cutting insert 100 and the shim 200 shown.

[0073] According to one embodiment, the contact point between the cutting insert 100 and the shim 200 will be referenced. Figures 7 to 10 To describe.

[0074] When the cutting insert 100 is supported by the shim 200, the first recess 160 of the cutting insert 100 contacts the first protrusion 260 of the shim 200 at a pair of first contact points 181. The bottom surfaces 171 of the two second recesses 170 of the cutting insert 100 correspondingly contact the upper surfaces 271 of the two second protrusions 270 of the shim 200 at the second contact points 182. Because the cutting insert 100 and the shim 200 are in contact with each other at these first contact points 181, the cutting insert 100 is firmly supported not only in the vertical direction but also in the transverse direction. Therefore, left / right movement and vibration of the cutting insert 100 can be minimized when performing cutting operations. The upper surface 271 of the second protrusions 270 of the shim 200 is formed as a circularly curved surface so as to form a point-to-point contact with the bottom surface 171 of the second recesses 170 of the cutting insert 100, rather than a surface-to-surface contact. When the cutting insert 100 is supported by the shim 200, the cutting insert 100 rests solely on the shim 200 and only makes lateral contact with the shim 200 at the first contact point 181, while not making lateral contact with the shim 200 at the second contact point 182. Because the cutting insert 100 rests solely on the shim 200 and does not make lateral contact with the shim 200 at the second contact point 182, the cutting insert 100 can be stably supported without interfering with the lateral support at the first contact point 181.

[0075] Furthermore, the cutting insert 100 is mostly formed through a primary stamping process and a secondary grinding process. The second recess 170 is formed through the primary stamping process without undergoing a grinding process. For the cutting insert 100 to be stably supported by the shim 200, the relative height difference between the first recess 160 and the second recess 170, and the corresponding relative height difference between the first protrusion 260 and the second protrusion 270 of the shim 200, are important. Since the grinding process is more difficult to control precisely than the stamping process, if the second recess 170 is formed solely through a stamping process, the control of the aforementioned relative height differences, as well as the manufacturing or management of the cutting tool assembly, can be easily implemented.

[0076] When the cutting insert 100 is supported by the shim 200, the first contact point 181 is located lower than the second contact point 182 relative to the reference plane RP perpendicular to the extension direction of the insertion hole 140. That is, the line connecting one of the first contact points 181 and the second contact point 182, which is located on the same side of the insertion hole 140 as the first contact point 181, has an inclination angle p relative to the reference plane RP perpendicular to the extension direction of the insertion hole 140. With this inclination angle p, compared to the case without an inclination angle (p = 0°) or the opposite inclination angle (p < 0°), the cutting insert 100 can stably contact and mount the shim 200 at the first contact point 181. The stable contact at the first contact point 181 is crucial because it prevents left / right movement or micro-vibration of the cutting insert 100 during cutting operations. At the second contact point 182, the sidewall 172 of the second recess 170 and the sidewall 272 of the second protrusion 270 do not contact each other, and the cutting insert 100 rests solely on the pad 200. As a result, the cutting insert 100 can be stably supported without interfering with its function of preventing micro-vibration at the first contact point 181.

[0077] In the cutting insert 100 and shim 200 according to one embodiment, the tilt angle p can be greater than 0° and 9° or less, preferably 4° to 6°. If the tilt angle p is less than 4°, the movable corner of the cutting insert 100 (the corner on the side of the first recess) may be slightly raised, and the initial positioning of the cutting insert 100 before being fixed by the fixing device 301 may become unstable. If the tilt angle p is greater than 6°, the movable corner of the cutting insert 100 may slide slightly downward, and the initial positioning of the cutting insert 100 before being fixed by the fixing device 301 may become unstable.

[0078] Figure 11 To show Figure 1 The diagram shows the state of the cutting tool assembly 1 cutting the workpiece W.

[0079] Reference Figure 11 This describes the cutting of a workpiece W by a cutting tool assembly 1 according to one embodiment.

[0080] When the cutting insert 100 according to one embodiment is mounted on the retainer 300, the angle e formed by the upper surface 110 of the cutting insert 100 relative to the centerline of the workpiece W to be cut by the cutting insert 100 is -5° to +5°. Therefore, sufficient space can be ensured for smooth chip removal during the cutting operation. This allows for improved chip condition and chip flow.

[0081] Figure 12 A perspective view of a cutting tool assembly 5 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 13 for Figure 12 An exploded perspective view of the cutting tool assembly 5 shown.

[0082] Reference Figure 12 and Figure 13 A cutting tool assembly 5 according to another embodiment will be described. The cutting tool assembly 5 may include a cutting insert 500, a mounting portion 600 or 705, and a retainer 700. The mounting portion 600 or 705 may be a gasket 600, or, if no gasket is available, may be the bottom surface 705 of the retainer pocket portion. Hereinafter, the case where the mounting portion 600 or 705 is a gasket will be described.

[0083] When the mounting portion 600 or 705 is a gasket 600, a groove formed on the lower surface 620 of the gasket 600 couples with a protrusion formed on the bottom surface 705 of the retainer pocket portion, and the gasket 600 is secured to the retainer 700 by means of a fixing device such as a screw. A cutting insert 500 is located on the upper surface 610 of the gasket 600, and screws or the like contact the insertion hole 540 of the cutting insert 500, thereby securing the cutting insert 500 to the gasket 600 and the retainer 700. The cutting insert 500 is secured to contact the gasket 600, the retainer 700, and the fixing device 701 to form a cutting tool assembly 5.

[0084] Figure 14 A perspective view of a cutting insert 500 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 15 for Figure 14 The plan view of the cutting insert 500 shown. Figure 16 for Figure 14 The cutting insert 500 shown is viewed from another direction. Figure 17 for Figure 14 The bottom view of the cutting insert 500 shown. Figure 18 for Figure 14 The side view of the cutting insert 500 shown.

[0085] Reference Figures 14 to 18 To describe a cutting insert 500 according to another embodiment.

[0086] The cutting insert 500 includes an upper surface 510, a lower surface 520, four side surfaces 530 extending between the upper surface 510 and the lower surface 520, and an insertion hole 540 extending through the upper surface 510 and the lower surface 520. The cutting insert 500 may have two corner portions 550 on its upper surface 510. Cutting edges 551 and 552 may be formed at the respective corner portions 550. The two corner portions 550 are rotationally symmetrical about 180° with respect to the central axis of the insertion hole 540. A recess is formed on the lower surface 520. This recess includes a first recess 560 extending from the insertion hole 540 toward the corner portions 550 and a second recess 570 formed around the first recess 560. A bottom surface 571 and a sidewall 572 may be formed in the second recess 570. The lower surface 520 of the cutting insert 500 is also rotationally symmetrical about 180° with respect to the central axis of the insertion hole 540. When the cutting insert 500 is supported by the shim 600, the first recess 560 and the second recess 570 receive the first protrusion 660 and the second protrusion 670 of their corresponding shims 600, and the sidewall 572 of the second recess 570 does not contact the sidewall 672 of the corresponding second protrusion 670 of the shim 600. The above embodiment is described based on the case where the mounting portion 600 or 705 is the shim 600. However, if the mounting portion 600 or 705 is the bottom surface 705 of the retainer pocket portion, then the first protrusion 660 and the second protrusion 670 are formed on the bottom surface 705 of the retainer pocket portion.

[0087] Figure 19 A perspective view is shown of a shim 600 used to support a cutting insert 500 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0088] Reference Figure 19 To describe a pad 600 for supporting a cutting insert 500 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0089] The gasket 600 includes an upper surface 610, a lower surface 620, a side surface 630 extending between the upper surface 610 and the lower surface 620, and a gasket hole 640 extending through the upper surface 610 and the lower surface 620. When the gasket 600 is secured to the retainer 700, a securing device such as a screw passes through the gasket hole 640. A first protrusion 660 and a second protrusion 670, corresponding to the first recess 560 and the second recess 570 of the cutting insert 500, are formed on the upper surface 610 of the gasket 600, i.e., the surface of the gasket 600 supporting the cutting insert 500. The protrusions include a first protrusion 660 located on a side away from the centered gasket hole 640 and a second protrusion 670 positioned close to the gasket hole 640. The second protrusion 670 is formed to have an upper surface 671 and a sidewall 672. When the cutting insert 500 is supported by the shim 600, the first protrusion 660 and the second protrusion 670 are inserted into and supported by the corresponding first recess 560 and second recess 570 of the cutting insert 500. Only the upper surface 671 of the second protrusion 670 contacts the bottom surface 571 of the second recess 570. The sidewall 672 of the second protrusion 670 does not contact the sidewall 572 of the second recess 570.

[0090] Figure 20 To illustrate Figure 14 The cutting insert 500 shown is... Figure 19 A perspective view of the contact portion between the gaskets 600 shown. Figure 21 For illustrative purposes Figure 14 The cutting insert 500 shown is... Figure 19 A diagram showing the contact portion between the gaskets 600 shown. Figure 22 For along Figure 21 The sectional view taken from line BB in the middle. Figure 23 for Figure 21 The side view of the cutting insert 500 and the shim 600 shown.

[0091] According to another embodiment, the contact point between the cutting insert 500 and the shim 600 will be referenced. Figures 20 to 23 To describe.

[0092] When the cutting insert 500 is supported by the shim 600, the first recess 560 of the cutting insert 500 contacts the first protrusion 660 of the shim 600 at two first contact points 581. The bottom surfaces 571 of the two second recesses 570 of the cutting insert 500 correspondingly contact the upper surfaces 671 of the two second protrusions 670 of the shim 600 at second contact points 582. Because the cutting insert 500 and the shim 600 are in contact with each other at these two first contact points 581, the cutting insert 500 is firmly supported not only in the vertical direction but also in the transverse direction. Therefore, left / right movement and vibration of the cutting insert 500 can be minimized when performing cutting operations. The upper surface 671 of the second protrusions 670 of the shim 600 is formed as a circularly curved surface so as to form a point-to-point contact with the bottom surface 571 of the second recesses 570 of the cutting insert 500, rather than a surface-to-surface contact. When the cutting insert 500 is supported by the shim 600, the cutting insert 500 rests solely on the shim 600 and only makes lateral contact with the shim 600 at the first contact point 581, while not making lateral contact at the second contact point 582. Because the cutting insert 500 rests solely on the shim 600 and does not make lateral contact at the second contact point 582, the cutting insert 500 can be stably supported without interfering with the lateral support at the first contact point 581.

[0093] Furthermore, the cutting insert 500 is mostly formed through a primary stamping process and a secondary grinding process. The second recess 570 is completed through the primary stamping process without undergoing a grinding process. For the cutting insert 500 to be stably supported by the shim 600, the relative height difference between the first recess 560 and the second recess 570, and the corresponding relative height difference between the first protrusion 660 and the second protrusion 670 of the shim 600, are important. Since the grinding process is more difficult to control precisely than the stamping process, if the second recess 570 is completed solely through a stamping process, the control of the aforementioned relative height differences, as well as the manufacturing or management of the cutting tool assembly, can be easily implemented.

[0094] When the cutting insert 500 is supported by the shim 600, the first contact point 581 is located lower than the second contact point 582 relative to the reference plane RP perpendicular to the extension direction of the insertion hole 540. In other words, the line connecting one of the first contact points 581 and the second contact point 582, which is located on the same side of the insertion hole 540 as the first contact point 581, has an inclination angle q relative to the reference plane RP perpendicular to the extension direction of the insertion hole 540. With this inclination angle q, compared to the case without an inclination angle (q = 0°) or the opposite inclination angle (q < 0°), the cutting insert 500 can stably contact and be mounted on the shim 600 at the first contact point 581. The stable contact at the first contact point 581 is crucial because it prevents left / right movement or micro-vibration of the cutting insert 500 during cutting operations. At the second contact point 582, the sidewall 572 of the second recess 570 and the sidewall 672 of the second protrusion 670 do not contact each other, and the cutting insert 500 rests solely on the pad 600. As a result, the cutting insert 500 can be stably supported without interfering with its function of preventing micro-vibration at the first contact point 581.

[0095] In the cutting insert 500 and shim 600 according to one embodiment, the tilt angle q can be greater than 0° and is 9° or less, preferably 1° to 2°. If the tilt angle q is less than 1°, the movable corner of the cutting insert 500 (the corner on the side of the first recess) may be slightly raised, and the initial positioning of the cutting insert 500 before being fixed by the fixing device 701 may become unstable. If the tilt angle q is greater than 2°, the movable corner of the cutting insert 500 may slide slightly downward, and the initial positioning of the cutting insert 500 before being fixed by the fixing device 701 may become unstable.

[0096] Figure 24 For illustrative purposes Figure 1 The diagram shows the shape of the retainer 300 of the cutting tool assembly 1 and the angles a and b formed by the cutting edges 151 and 152 relative to the rotation center axis of the workpiece W. Figure 25 For illustrative purposes Figure 12 The diagram shows the shape of the retainer 700 of the cutting tool assembly 5 and the angles a and b formed by the cutting edges 551 and 552 relative to the rotation center axis of the workpiece W.

[0097] Reference Figure 24 and Figure 25 To describe Figure 1 and Figure 12 The features of the retainers 300 and 700 of the cutting tool assemblies 1 and 5 shown, and the angles a and b formed by the cutting edges 151, 152, 551 and 552 relative to the rotational axis of the workpiece W.

[0098] exist Figure 1 and Figure 12 In the cutting tool assemblies 1 and 5 shown, the first recesses 160 and 560 support the cutting inserts in the transverse direction. Therefore, the insertion support portions of the retainers 300 and 700 present in the back-turning direction can be removed. This allows the cutting tool assemblies 1 and 5 to be used at the appropriate depth of cut and ensures space for smooth chip removal. By minimizing the left / right movement and vibration of the cutting inserts, insert damage can be prevented and accuracy improved. Furthermore, the angle b formed by the cutting edge 152 or 552 of the first recess 160 or 560 of the cutting inserts 100 or 500 in the back-turning direction relative to the rotational axis of the workpiece W, i.e., the entry angle b during back-turning, is less than 90°, and the angle a formed by the cutting edge 151 or 551 of the first recess 160 or 560 of the cutting inserts 100 or 500 in the forward-turning direction relative to the rotational axis of the workpiece W, i.e., the entry angle a during forward-turning, is greater than 90°. Since the entry angle b during back-turning is smaller than the entry angle a during front-turning, it is more important to ensure sufficient space for chip removal through the effective arrangement of the cutting edges 151, 152, 551, and 552 and the height of the chip forming machine. According to one and another embodiments of this disclosure, the cutting inserts 100 and 500, through the effective arrangement of the cutting edges 151, 152, 551, and 552 and the height of the chip forming machine, can generate smooth chip generation and good chip removal. Therefore, smooth chip removal can be achieved by machining the workpiece along the back-turning direction with a small entry angle.

[0099] While certain embodiments have been described, these embodiments are presented by way of example only and are not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure. In fact, the embodiments described herein may be implemented in many other forms. Furthermore, various omissions, substitutions, and changes may be made to the form of the embodiments described herein without departing from the scope of this disclosure. The appended claims and their equivalents are intended to cover such forms or modifications that fall within the scope of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A cutting insert, which is supported by a mounting portion when mounted on a cutting tool, the cutting insert comprising: upper surface; Lower surface; A plurality of side surfaces extending between the upper surface and the lower surface; An insertion hole extending through the upper and lower surfaces; as well as The corner is equipped with a cutting edge. Wherein, at least one of the upper surface and the lower surface has a plurality of recesses extending between the insertion hole and the corner portion. The plurality of recesses includes a first recess and a second recess. When the cutting insert is supported by the mounting portion, a first portion of the mounting portion is inserted into the first recess, and when the cutting insert is supported by the mounting portion, a second portion of the mounting portion is inserted into the second recess. The second recess has a sidewall that is spaced apart from the second portion of the mounting portion. The first recess contacts the first portion of the mounting portion at two points, and the second recess has a bottom surface that contacts the second portion of the mounting portion.

2. The cutting insert according to claim 1, wherein, The first recess and the mounting portion contact each other at a pair of first contact points. The bottom surface of the second recess contacts the mounting portion at the second contact point, and The line connecting one of the first contact points to the second contact point forms an angle of inclination relative to a reference plane perpendicular to the extension direction of the insertion hole.

3. The cutting insert according to claim 2, wherein, Each of the upper and lower surfaces includes a rake face inclined relative to the reference plane perpendicular to the extension direction of the insertion hole. The upper surface and the lower surface are symmetrical to each other, and Each of the upper and lower surfaces includes three corners.

4. The cutting insert according to claim 3, wherein, The tilt angle is greater than 0° and is 9° or less.

5. The cutting insert according to claim 3, wherein, The tilt angle is 4° to 6°.

6. The cutting insert according to claim 2, wherein, Two corner portions are provided on the upper surface, and the two corner portions are rotationally symmetrical about 180° with respect to the central axis of the insertion hole.

7. The cutting insert according to claim 6, wherein, The tilt angle is greater than 0° and is 9° or less.

8. The cutting insert according to claim 6, wherein, The tilt angle is 1° to 2°.

9. A cutting tool assembly, comprising: A retainer, configured such that the cutting insert is supported by a mounting portion. The mounting portion includes a first protrusion and a second protrusion formed on the surface supporting the cutting insert. The retainer is configured to contact the side surface of the cutting insert to support the cutting insert, and a fixing device secures the cutting insert to the mounting portion. The cutting insert includes an upper surface, a lower surface, a plurality of side surfaces extending between the upper surface and the lower surface, an insertion hole extending through the upper surface and the lower surface, and a corner portion provided with a cutting edge. At least one of the upper surface and the lower surface has a plurality of recesses extending between the insertion hole and the corner portion. The plurality of recesses includes a first recess and a second recess. When the cutting insert is supported by the mounting portion, the first protrusion of the mounting portion is inserted into the first recess, and when the cutting insert is supported by the mounting portion, the second protrusion of the mounting portion is inserted into the second recess. The second recess has a sidewall that is spaced apart from the second protrusion of the mounting portion. The mounting portion is a gasket, and the retainer is configured to secure the cutting insert and the gasket. The first recess contacts the first protrusion of the gasket at two points, and the second recess has a bottom surface that contacts the second protrusion of the gasket.

10. The cutting tool assembly according to claim 9, wherein, The mounting portion is the bottom surface of the pocket portion of the retainer.

11. The cutting tool assembly according to claim 9, wherein, The first recess and the first protrusion of the gasket contact each other at a pair of first contact points. The bottom surface of the second recess contacts the second protrusion of the gasket at the second contact point, and The line connecting one of the first contact points to the second contact point forms an angle of inclination relative to a reference plane perpendicular to the extension direction of the insertion hole.

12. The cutting tool assembly of claim 11, wherein, Each of the upper and lower surfaces of the cutting insert includes a rake face inclined relative to the reference plane perpendicular to the extension direction of the insertion hole. The upper surface and the lower surface are symmetrical to each other, and Each of the upper and lower surfaces includes three corners.

13. The cutting tool assembly of claim 12, wherein, When the cutting insert is mounted on the retainer, the upper surface of the cutting insert forms an angle of -5° to +5° relative to the centerline of the workpiece to be cut by the cutting insert.

14. The cutting tool assembly of claim 11, wherein, Two corner portions are provided on the upper surface, and the two corner portions are rotationally symmetrical about 180° with respect to the central axis of the insertion hole.

15. The cutting tool assembly of claim 11, wherein, When the cutting insert is mounted on the retainer, only the side surface of the cutting insert located on the opposite side of the first recess contacts the retainer.

16. The cutting tool assembly of claim 11, wherein, The cutting edge on one side of the first recess of the cutting insert forms an angle of less than 90° with respect to the rotation center axis of the workpiece, and the cutting edge on the other side of the first recess of the cutting insert forms an angle of greater than 90° with respect to the rotation center axis of the workpiece.

17. A cutting insert for use with a gasket, the cutting insert being disposed on the gasket. The cutting insert includes: The upper surface and the lower surface, and a plurality of side surfaces extending between the upper surface and the lower surface; An insertion hole extends through the upper surface and the lower surface, the insertion hole having a central axis, and at least the upper surface having rotational symmetry about the central axis; At least two corner portions, each formed at the junction of two adjacent side surfaces, each corner portion having a pair of cutting edges formed at the intersection of the upper surface and the two adjacent side surfaces. A first recess formed in the lower surface adjacent to each corner, and At least two second recesses are formed in the lower surface away from the first recess, each second recess having a second recess sidewall; wherein... In the plan view of the lower surface, the first recess has a different shape from the two second recesses; and The gasket includes: The upper gasket surface and the lower gasket surface, and a plurality of gasket side surfaces extending between the upper gasket surface and the lower gasket surface; A gasket hole extends through the surface of the upper gasket and the surface of the lower gasket, the gasket hole having a central axis, and the upper surface having no rotational symmetry about the central axis; At least one gasket corner is formed at the junction of the side surfaces of two adjacent gaskets; A first protrusion formed on the upper surface of the gasket adjacent to at least one corner of the gasket; and At least two second protrusions are formed on the upper surface of the gasket away from the at least one corner of the gasket, each second protrusion having a second protrusion sidewall, wherein: In a plan view of the surface of the upper gasket, the first protrusion has a different shape than the second protrusion; and in: The first protrusion at least partially occupies the first recess, and The two second protrusions at least partially occupy the two second recesses. The cutting insert has a triangular shape, with three side surfaces, three corners with cutting edges, three first recesses, and three second recesses, each second recess located between one of the first recesses and the insertion hole. The surface of the upper gasket has exactly one first protrusion and exactly two second protrusions; The first recess contacts the first protrusion at a pair of spaced-apart first contact points; The two second recesses contact the upper surfaces of the two second protrusions at corresponding second contact points; and The line connecting one of the first contact points and the second contact point located on the same side of the insertion hole as the first contact point has a non-zero tilt angle (p) relative to a reference plane (RP) perpendicular to the extension direction of the insertion hole.

18. A cutting insert for use with a gasket, the cutting insert being disposed on the gasket. The cutting insert includes: The upper surface and the lower surface, and a plurality of side surfaces extending between the upper surface and the lower surface; An insertion hole extends through the upper surface and the lower surface, the insertion hole having a central axis, and at least the upper surface having rotational symmetry about the central axis; At least two corner portions, each formed at the junction of two adjacent side surfaces, each corner portion having a pair of cutting edges formed at the intersection of the upper surface and the two adjacent side surfaces. A first recess formed in the lower surface adjacent to each corner, and At least two second recesses are formed in the lower surface away from the first recess, each second recess having a second recess sidewall; wherein... In the plan view of the lower surface, the first recess has a different shape from the two second recesses; and The gasket includes: The upper gasket surface and the lower gasket surface, and a plurality of gasket side surfaces extending between the upper gasket surface and the lower gasket surface; A gasket hole extends through the surface of the upper gasket and the surface of the lower gasket, the gasket hole having a central axis, and the upper surface having no rotational symmetry about the central axis; At least one gasket corner is formed at the junction of the side surfaces of two adjacent gaskets; A first protrusion formed on the upper surface of the gasket adjacent to at least one corner of the gasket; and At least two second protrusions are formed on the upper surface of the gasket away from the at least one corner of the gasket, each second protrusion having a second protrusion sidewall, wherein: In a plan view of the surface of the upper gasket, the first protrusion has a different shape than the second protrusion; and in: The first protrusion at least partially occupies the first recess, and The two second protrusions at least partially occupy the two second recesses, wherein: The cutting insert has a rhomboid shape, having four side surfaces, two corners with cutting edges, two first recesses positioned along a virtual line extending between the two corners and separated from each other by the insertion hole, and four second recesses, each of the four second recesses being located at the intersection between the lower surface and a different one of the four side surfaces; The surface of the upper gasket has exactly one first protrusion and exactly two second protrusions; One of the first recesses contacts the first protrusion at a pair of spaced-apart first contact points; Two of the four second recesses contact the upper surfaces of the two second protrusions at corresponding second contact points; and The line connecting one of the first contact points and the second contact point located on the same side of the insertion hole as the first contact point has a non-zero tilt angle (p) relative to a reference plane (RP) perpendicular to the extension direction of the insertion hole.

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