Clamping device, machine tool, manufacturing apparatus and method for manufacturing a workpiece

Abstract

A clamping device (150) for receiving a workpiece (60, 260) to be machined, having a workpiece holder (170) which can be driven in rotation about a longitudinal axis (174) and has a workpiece seat (172), a pressing holder (154) which, at least in a clamping position, opposes the workpiece seat (172) in order to clamp a workpiece (60, 260) provided with a centering recess (76, 276) centrically with respect to the longitudinal axis (174) between the workpiece seat (172) and the pressing holder (154), and a rotational orientation profile (190, 390) which is arranged at the workpiece seat (172) and provides at least one rotational stop (204, 404) for an orientation section (92, 292) of the workpiece (60, 260) for rotational alignment of the workpiece (60, 260) in the clamping position. A machine tool (10), a manufacturing apparatus (500) and a method for producing a workpiece (60, 260) use such a clamping device (150).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a clamping device for receiving a workpiece to be machined, a machine tool equipped with such a clamping device, manufacturing equipment having at least one machine tool, and a method for manufacturing workpieces, particularly by means of cutting. In an exemplary design, the invention relates to the cutting production and machining of impellers, compressor impellers, rotors, turbine impellers, vanes, etc. Background Technology

[0002] According to WO2009 / 106268A2, a machine tool for machining a workpiece having a central hole is known. The machine tool has a tool holder for holding the tool, a workpiece support for placing the workpiece, a workpiece retainer for fixing the workpiece, and a drive mechanism for rotating the workpiece about a central rotation axis. The workpiece support has a pin for locking the workpiece in a profile such that a section of the pin extends into the hole on a first side of the workpiece. The workpiece retainer has a mating retainer movable in the direction of the hole axis of the central hole for loading the workpiece on a second side opposite to the first side with a clamping force acting in the direction of the hole axis.

[0003] This machine tool is suitable for producing workpieces with complex geometries, such as impellers, compressor impellers, turbine impellers, propellers, etc., which are used, for example, in fluid machinery. Typically, the workpiece has an axis of rotation and multiple blades distributed around that axis. Blades can also be called blades or winglets. Such workpieces have complex geometries with bends along multiple axes. WO2009 / 106268A2 is suitable for machining one side of the workpiece to form a complex blade geometry there.

[0004] In exemplary designs, the present invention relates to workpieces with an integral hub and blades. For example, a one-piece body is provided, which is manufactured from a compact semi-finished product by machining. In exemplary designs, the present invention relates to workpieces milled from a blank.

[0005] WO2004 / 012899A2 discloses a device for clamping rotationally symmetric workpieces, suitable for machining the back side of a workpiece that has already been machined on the opposite side. The device includes a tie rod that moves into the hub of the workpiece and engages there behind the undercut profile. This design is similar to a bayonet connection. In this way, the workpiece can be clamped axially. However, WO2004 / 012899A2 does not address the high-precision rotational alignment between the front and rear sides of the workpiece. It only proposes the use of cast markings in the hub of the workpiece. This approach is not suitable for workpieces where the outer profile of the hub is externally cut.

[0006] It has been found that there is an increasing need for workpieces in which both a first side (e.g., the front side) and a second side (e.g., the rear side) require machining. The terms first side / front side and second side / back side primarily refer to the order of machining. The terms first side / front side and second side / back side are used to distinguish between the two sides and should not be construed as restrictive.

[0007] A continuous circular or annular wall is typically provided between the two sides. Blades and similar profiles can be constructed from this wall on the front and back sides. Machining is performed on both sides, for example, adjacent to the front and rear faces of the workpiece hub.

[0008] For example, using the arrangement known from WO2009 / 106268A2, the first side (front side) of a compressor impeller or impeller-shaped workpiece can be machined on a large scale. However, because the second side (back side) of the workpiece is fixed to the clamping device, this side may not be easily accessible for machining.

[0009] Machining on the second side may require reclamping the workpiece. Typically, there are specifications for the rotational alignment (rotational orientation) between the first and second sides. In other words, for example, the blades on the second side should be aligned with the blades on the first side in a certain way. This alignment must be performed with high precision. Therefore, for such workpieces, specific specifications may exist for the rotational orientation (angular alignment) between the first and second sides that must be considered during production.

[0010] For example, the rotational orientation of the workpiece may be lost when reclamping it between the first and second sides. The rotational orientation of the workpiece can, in principle, be detected using appropriate measurement techniques. However, this increases production costs (equipment costs). Summary of the Invention

[0011] Against this backdrop, the object of the present invention is to provide a clamping device for receiving a workpiece to be machined, a machine tool equipped with such a clamping device, a manufacturing apparatus having at least one machine tool, and a method for manufacturing a workpiece, particularly by means of cutting, wherein the clamping device, the machine tool, the manufacturing apparatus, and the method achieve high-precision positioning and orientation of the workpiece. Preferably, high precision and accurate positioning and rotational alignment are ensured with high repeatability. In particular, the clamping device should optimize cycle time in mass production. Preferably, the clamping device should support multi-sided or full-scale machining of impellers, compressor impellers, and similar workpieces. The clamping device preferably achieves high-precision rotational alignment of the workpiece on its previously machined front side so that the rear side can be machined with precise rotational alignment relative to the front side.

[0012] According to a first aspect, the present invention relates to a clamping device for receiving a workpiece to be processed, particularly for processing an impeller with both sides to be processed, the clamping device comprising the following components:

[0013] A workpiece holder with a workpiece support that is capable of rotational drive around a longitudinal axis.

[0014] A clamping retainer, at least in the clamped position, is opposite to the workpiece support so as to clamp the workpiece, which has a centering recess, between the workpiece support and the clamping retainer, centered on the longitudinal axis.

[0015] A rotational orientation profile is arranged on a workpiece support and provides at least one rotation stop for the workpiece orientation section for rotational alignment of the workpiece in the clamping position.

[0016] The clamping device not only achieves axial fixation but also enables a defined rotational orientation of the workpiece. This allows for the repeated and precise positioning of a series of workpieces, improving overall production quality. In the clamped state (clamped position), the side facing the clamping retainer (second side / back side) can be machined; exemplarily, this side (second side / back side) is the side facing the workpiece support of the clamping device in the previous machining step. In other words, the workpiece, for example, pivots 180° about an axis perpendicular to its longitudinal axis.

[0017] In one exemplary design, the orientation segment of the workpiece is spaced apart from the hub of the workpiece (radially). In this exemplary design, a pre-machined profile is used as the orientation segment. The orientation segment may be a profile generated during the machining of the first side of the workpiece before machining the second side.

[0018] The workpiece is designed, for example, as an impeller, compressor impeller, rotor, fan impeller, paddle wheel, or the like. In one exemplary design, the workpiece, in its final state, has blade profiles on both the first and second sides. The clamping device according to the invention facilitates machining of the second side, which may be difficult to access during machining of the first side. Therefore, the clamping device according to the invention may be referred to as a secondary clamping device or a second-side clamping device, but this should not be construed as limiting.

[0019] The rotational orientation profile has at least one stop for a corresponding orientation section of the workpiece. In this way, the workpiece can be repeatedly and precisely clamped in the desired rotational orientation. The centering recess of the workpiece is oriented, in particular, relative to the longitudinal axis of the workpiece holder.

[0020] Clamping devices are provided, for example, for workpieces where production in a single chuck is economically impractical. The clamping devices take into account the desired centering (very precise alignment) when machining the first and second sides. Furthermore, applications are provided for complex geometries that cannot be easily contacted by clamping elements.

[0021] The orientation section of the workpiece is created, for example, in a preceding production step, particularly in another chuck. In an exemplary design, the orientation section has at least a partially radial extension. For example, the orientation section is bent in two or three directions. The orientation section of the workpiece contacts a rotation stop. This is particularly relevant to the rotational alignment of the workpiece. The actual clamping and the transmission of torque for driving rotation during machining can be achieved through other configuration elements of the workpiece, such as a hub.

[0022] Furthermore, the present invention also relates to a combination of a clamping device according to one of the design schemes described herein and a workpiece received thereon / in particular for machining purposes, the workpiece being in the form of an impeller to be machined on both sides. The combination includes a clamping device and a workpiece.

[0023] According to an exemplary design, the rotational orientation profile has multiple rotation stops distributed around the longitudinal axis. Therefore, the workpiece has multiple orientation segments. Supports on these multiple orientation segments distributed around the longitudinal axis (e.g., formed on blades of the workpiece) improve alignment and force transmission capabilities.

[0024] According to another exemplary design, at least one rotation stop is adapted to align the rotation of the workpiece with the blades of the workpiece. In other words, the orientation section of the workpiece is located, for example, on a blade previously produced in a different chuck on the first side facing the workpiece support at this time.

[0025] According to another exemplary design, at least one rotation stop is adapted to the edge of the blade. The edge is, for example, the edge of the blade, having at least partially radial and at least partially axial extension. The edge is, for example, a relatively narrow face that abuts against the rotation stop. The edge is, for example, spaced apart from a circumferential wall of the workpiece, which defines a first side and a second side of the workpiece relative to each other. Viewed from the wall, the edge is, for example, the end of the blade extending from the wall away from the wall. The edge is, for example, a profile on the first side of the workpiece used for alignment of the workpiece during machining of the second side.

[0026] For example, at least one orientation section is provided in the blade of the workpiece. For example, in the case of multiple or all blades, one orientation section is provided for each. For example, at least one orientation section is constructed on a first side facing the workpiece support, thereby enabling the machining of a second side away from the workpiece support. In an exemplary design, the existing blade profile is used for the orientation section. In other words, according to this design, it is not necessary to generate the orientation section separately. Preferably, the shape features of the blades that enable high-precision rotational orientation in the clamping device are considered.

[0027] According to another exemplary design, at least one rotation stop matches the orientation section of the workpiece generated in another chuck, and in particular matches the edge of a blade formed on the workpiece.

[0028] According to another exemplary design, the rotational orientation profile includes a crown surrounding a longitudinal axis, wherein at least one rotation stop is constructed in the teeth of the crown. In other words, the rotational orientation profile is also designed, for example, as a crown with its teeth / serrations facing the clamping retainer. In the exemplary design, the rotational orientation profile is centered with respect to the longitudinal axis. The rotational orientation profile in the exemplary design is designed to resemble a crown wheel.

[0029] According to another exemplary design, the crown is replaceably fixed to the workpiece holder. In other words, the crown can be released from the workpiece holder. In this way, various types of rotationally oriented profiles / crowns can be used. This allows the clamping device to be matched with different workpieces. Furthermore, it enables a feasible solution for easily replacing the crown in case of wear.

[0030] According to another exemplary design, the crown has multiple teeth with rotation stops distributed around a longitudinal axis, wherein a gap for a measuring head is formed between at least two teeth. According to this design, the rotational position of at least one rotation stop relative to the longitudinal axis can be detected. This achieves so-called axis correction. In this way, the control device of a machine tool equipped with a clamping device obtains the current rotational orientation of the crown and thus the current rotational orientation of the workpiece received thereon. This can be used to match the rotational orientations of the first and second sides. In this way, the second side can be machined with high precision relative to the first side.

[0031] In other words, the rotational position of the workpiece can be indirectly detected by determining the rotational position of the crown. Based on this, the rotational position of the workpiece can be inferred. However, the rotational position of the workpiece can also be detected via the workpiece (e.g., the reference piece) when the measuring head contacts the defined contour of the workpiece (e.g., the reference piece). After measurement and, if necessary, axis correction, subsequent parts can be machined without having to redetermine the rotational orientation each time.

[0032] According to another exemplary design, a support tab is provided adjacent to at least one tooth of the crown, wherein a gap is formed between the rotation stop of the tooth and the support tab, and in the clamping position, the blade of the workpiece engages with the gap, wherein the blade contacts the rotation stop with its edge, and the support tab is configured to support the blade on a support area spaced apart from the edge.

[0033] In other words, the blade can be supported on the crown by a directional section (e.g., at the edge) and a support region (spaced apart from the edge). The directional section contacts a rotation stop associated with rotational orientation. The support region is inclined, for example, relative to the longitudinal axis, such that when the support region rests against the crown, a force is redirected, pressing the directional section of the workpiece against the rotation stop. In this way, high-precision and well-defined alignment can be ensured. The support region is, for example, provided in the blade surface of the workpiece facing the crown.

[0034] In one exemplary design, multiple rotation stops and support tabs are distributed around the circumference of the crown. In this way, the crown can effectively absorb the forces introduced during the workpiece clamping position. The workpiece can be received in the crown without gaps. The number of rotation stops and support tabs can be the same. However, different numbers are also conceivable, for example, providing tabs that are wide enough for the measuring head.

[0035] According to another exemplary design, the support piece is designed to be flexible. For example, the support piece can be at least partially offset in the direction toward the crown and in the direction toward the workpiece support when the workpiece is axially pressed. For example, the support piece is designed to be more flexible than the rotation stop. The inclined orientation of the support region ensures that, although a force component is generated, the force component also compresses the oriented section of the workpiece toward at least one rotation stop. For example, the support piece has a recess that ensures flexibility. For example, the support piece is designed to have a smaller cross-section (e.g., parallel to the longitudinal axis) than the rotation stop.

[0036] In one exemplary design, the crown has a surrounding bottom, wherein multiple rotation stops and multiple support tabs extend from the bottom toward the clamping retainer.

[0037] According to another exemplary design, the rotational orientation profile is made of plastic or an aluminum-based material. This is particularly suitable for crowns. This reduces the risk of workpiece damage.

[0038] According to another exemplary design, the workpiece retainer carries a centering pin, which extends into a centering recess in the workpiece in the clamped position. In this way, axial centering is achieved not through a crown / rotational orientation profile, but through a central centering recess in the workpiece. Preferably, the centering recess in the workpiece is used for centering in a first position on a first side being machined and a second position on the opposite second side being machined.

[0039] According to an exemplary design, a centering pin centers the workpiece in a centering region of a centering recess, wherein the centering region of the workpiece is adjacent to the workpiece support in the clamped position. In other words, according to this design, the centering region is located in the area of ​​0% to 30%, preferably 0% to 25%, and more preferably a maximum of 20% of the longitudinal extension of the centering recess from the workpiece holder toward the clamping holder. In this way, the workpiece can be simply placed initially on the smaller diameter inlet section of the centering pin. Centering is only achieved in the end region of the centering pin near the workpiece holder. This simplifies automated clamping. For example, the centering pin may have a receiving cone for simplified alignment and assembly.

[0040] According to an exemplary design, the centering pin has a bearing surface on its end side, which is particularly provided with a friction-enhancing coating, especially a diamond coating. For example, the bearing surface faces the end face of the hub of the workpiece. With the friction-enhancing coating, the centering pin can transmit high torque even with relatively small axial clamping forces. Preferably, torque transmission is carried out substantially through the centering pin, and only inconsequentially through the rotational orientation profile (crown) if necessary. The centering pin rests against the end of the workpiece in a relatively small diameter area. A more or less complex blade profile is typically constructed on the circumference of the end, making it difficult to support or drive rotation there.

[0041] According to another exemplary design, in the clamping position, the clamping retainer acts axially on the hub of the workpiece, particularly on the end face of the hub. In other words, the clamping retainer is axially pressed against the hub facing away from the workpiece retainer. A centering pin presses against the hub facing the workpiece retainer. In this exemplary design, the clamping retainer is not recessed into the centering recess of the workpiece, at least not for centering purposes. In this design, centering is achieved on the side of the workpiece retainer by a centering pin. The clamping retainer secures a given position by applying a substantially axially acting retaining force.

[0042] According to another exemplary design, at least one flow channel for blowing air is constructed in the rotational orientation profile, wherein, preferably, multiple outlets are provided, which point towards the workpiece in the clamping position. In this way, blowing air can be applied directly to the previously machined side for cleaning the workpiece. The blowing air can be directly guided to the blades of the workpiece. The outlets for blowing air can, for example, be located between the rotation stop and / or support tabs. Different rotational orientation profiles can be configured for different workpieces. Accordingly, the design of the flow channel for blowing air can also be matched to the corresponding workpiece.

[0043] According to another aspect, the present invention relates to a machine tool having a frame, at least one workpiece stage for receiving a workpiece holder, a clamping device according to at least one embodiment described herein, and at least one tool spindle movable relative to a workpiece support of the clamping device in at least four or five axes. This includes relative movement between the tool spindle and the workpiece support, wherein the tool spindle and / or the workpiece support can be actively moved.

[0044] In this way, highly complex profiles can be produced by cutting. For example, the four motion axes are three translation axes (X, Y, Z) and at least one or two pivot axes (e.g., A and / or C). The relative motion of the tool spindle relative to the workpiece support can be generated at least partially by the motion of the workpiece support (relative to the tool spindle). The relative motion between the workpiece support and the tool spindle along the four or five axes can be generated at least partially by the absolute motion of the tool spindle and at least partially by the absolute motion of the workpiece support. For example, the translation axes are provided by the motion of the tool spindle and the pivot axes are provided by the motion of the workpiece support.

[0045] According to another exemplary design, the machine tool also includes a measuring device with at least one measuring head configured to determine at least one rotational orientation of the rotational profile or the clamped workpiece for axis alignment purposes. For example, this relates to the orientation of the workpiece around the so-called C-axis. Axis alignment includes, for example, zero-point determination in computational aspects, which achieves a high-precision reference between the rotational orientation of the second side and the rotational orientation of the first side. The workpiece can be transferred without excessively high precision requirements. Nevertheless, alignment in the clamping device remains highly accurate.

[0046] According to another exemplary design of the machine tool, the clamping device is a secondary clamping device for clamping a workpiece for machining a second side of the workpiece, wherein the machine tool may also be equipped with a primary clamping device for clamping a workpiece for machining a first side of the workpiece, and the alignment of the workpiece in the second clamping device is performed by means of an orientation segment of the workpiece generated during machining of the first side of the workpiece.

[0047] To transfer the workpiece, appropriate operating techniques are employed as needed. The gripping and transfer of the workpiece do not necessarily require extremely high precision. In principle, it is conceivable to replace the clamping device itself, allowing the same machine tool to process both the first and second sides of the workpiece. It is also conceivable to provide a machine tool with two or more spindles and two or more workpiece holders. This approach can improve productivity. In principle, it is also conceivable to include not only a primary clamping device for the first side but also a secondary clamping device for the second side in the machine tool.

[0048] According to another aspect, the present invention relates to a manufacturing apparatus for processing, comprising the following components:

[0049] At least one machine tool having a frame, at least one workpiece stage for receiving a workpiece holder, and at least one tool spindle.

[0050] At least one primary clamping device that can be mounted on the workpiece stage for machining the first side of the workpiece.

[0051] At least one clamping device, designed and configured according to at least one embodiment described herein, as a secondary clamping device for machining a second side of a workpiece on a workpiece stage.

[0052] The orientation section of the workpiece is generated by machining the first side of the tool.

[0053] According to an exemplary design, the manufacturing equipment includes a first machine tool supporting a primary clamping device for machining a first side and a second machine tool supporting a secondary clamping device for machining a second side. Furthermore, the manufacturing equipment may include appropriate operating techniques for transferring workpieces between the first and second machine tools.

[0054] According to another aspect, the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a workpiece, comprising the following components:

[0055] The first side of the workpiece is machined using a machine tool, wherein the workpiece is clamped by a primary clamping device.

[0056] A second clamping device constructed according to at least one embodiment described herein is provided.

[0057] In particular, the rotational orientation of the secondary clamping device's rotational profile is determined using a measuring head, and shaft correction is performed based on the detected rotational orientation using computational techniques.

[0058] The workpiece is machined on a second side opposite to the first side using a machine tool, wherein the workpiece is clamped by a second clamping device.

[0059] This axis alignment enables the precise machining of the second side relative to the previously machined first side. The rotational orientation for machining the second side can be determined by detecting the rotational orientation of the rotational orientation profile. This can be achieved by (e.g., by touching or optically) directly contacting the rotational orientation profile or indirectly contacting the rotational orientation profile (by touching or optically touching the workpiece received within the rotational orientation profile). After axis alignment, other workpieces can be machined. The desired alignment is ensured by the rotational orientation profile and its known rotational alignment.

[0060] Of course, without departing from the scope of the invention, the above features and the features to be explained below can be used not only in the specific combination described, but also in other combinations or individually. Attached Figure Description

[0061] Other features and advantages will become apparent from the following description of several preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. Wherein:

[0062] Figure 1 A perspective view of the machine tool is shown;

[0063] Figure 2 A perspective view of a workpiece in the form of an impeller is shown;

[0064] Figure 3 Showing the process aided by Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the first clamping device on the first side of the workpiece is shown;

[0065] Figure 4 Showing the process aided by Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the second clamping device on the second side of the workpiece is shown;

[0066] Figure 5 Showing different orientations according to Figure 2 A perspective view of the workpiece;

[0067] Figure 6 Shown in use according to Figure 5 A perspective view of the rotational orientation profile used in the workpiece clamping device;

[0068] Figure 7 Showing by means of Figure 2 and Figure 5 The workpiece shown is used according to Figure 6 A perspective view of the support on the workpiece holder, achieved under the condition of rotational orientation profile;

[0069] Figure 8 A perspective view showing another configuration of the workpiece in the form of an impeller;

[0070] Figure 9 Shown in use according to Figure 8A perspective view of the rotational orientation profile used in the workpiece clamping device;

[0071] Figure 10 Showing by means of Figure 8 The workpiece shown is used according to Figure 9 A perspective view of the support on the workpiece holder, achieved under the condition of rotational orientation profile;

[0072] Figure 11 A schematic partial view of a machine tool having a first clamping device for machining a first side of a workpiece is shown;

[0073] Figure 12 Showing a tool for processing Figure 11 A schematic partial view of a machine tool showing the second clamping device on the second side of the workpiece;

[0074] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of a manufacturing apparatus with two machine tools is shown, which are used to manufacture workpieces while machining a first side and a second side;

[0075] Figure 14 A detailed drawing of one of the machine tools in the manufacturing equipment is shown to illustrate the measurement process;

[0076] Figure 15 A perspective view showing a design with a rotationally oriented profile and an integrated channel for blowing air; and

[0077] Figure 16 A simplified block diagram of an exemplary design for a method of manufacturing a workpiece is shown, the method including machining a first side and a second side opposite to the first side. Detailed Implementation

[0078] Figure 1 The basic structure of the machine tool, indicated by the number 10, is shown in perspective. Figure 1 In this context, machine tool 10 is configured as a so-called rack machine. This should not be construed as limiting. Designs with gantry structures (e.g., vertical gantry), rack structures, or similar configurations are also conceivable.

[0079] exist Figure 1The Cartesian coordinate system XYZ is shown for illustrative purposes. This coordinate system is used to illustrate the basic orientation and motion axes of the machine tool 10 and its components. The axis represented by X typically represents a longitudinal extension. The axis represented by Y typically represents a depth extension. In this embodiment, axes X and Y together define a horizontal plane. The axis represented by Z typically represents a height extension. The coordinate system XYZ is primarily illustrative and should not be construed as limiting. It is self-evident that other coordinate systems may be used to describe the machine tool 10 and its components. Appropriate transformations can be made by those skilled in the art.

[0080] exist Figure 1 In the embodiments, the machine tool 10 includes a frame 12, which may also be referred to as a base or bed. In the illustrated configuration as a frame machine, the frame 12 includes two side walls 14, on the upper side of which a guide device (Y-guide device) is constructed. The machine tool 10 defines a workspace 16 in which a workpiece can be machined, particularly by cutting. The workspace 16 is typically enclosed by... Figure 1 (Not shown in the image).

[0081] Machine tool 10 includes a tool spindle 20 with a tool holder 22 configured to receive a tool 24. In this embodiment, the tool spindle 20 is vertically oriented. The tool spindle 20 is in... Figure 1 The spindle is designed to be suspended. The tool 24 can be driven about the vertically oriented spindle axis. The tool spindle 20 is movable relative to the workpiece support 26 to machine the workpiece positioned there. Figure 1 (Not shown in the image). In this embodiment, the workpiece support 26 is arranged on a pivot bridge 28, which is supported on both sides of the side walls 14 of the frame 12. Other configurations are conceivable. The tool spindle 20 is... Figure 1 The design features a suspended vertical main shaft.

[0082] The tool spindle 20 is movable relative to the workpiece support 26 along three linear axes. Therefore, in this embodiment, the X-slide 30, Y-slide 32, and Z-slide 34 are not provided. The Y-slide 32 is located on the side wall 14 of the frame 12. The X-slide 30 is linearly movably arranged on the Y-slide 32. The Z-slide 34 is linearly movably arranged on the X-slide 30. The Z-slide carries the tool spindle 20. The X-slide 30 carries the Z-slide 34. The Y-slide 32 carries the X-slide 30.

[0083] X-slide 30 can translate along Y-slide 32 on X-axis 40 (X direction). Y-slide 32 can translate along the side wall 14 of frame 12 on Y-axis 42 (Y direction). Z-slide 34 can move along X-slide 30 on Z-axis 44 (Z direction). Z-slide 34 can move vertically. X-slide 30 and Y-slide 32 can move horizontally. In this embodiment, pivot bridge 28 (A-axis 50, see pivoting motion about X-axis) and workpiece support 26 (C-axis 56, see pivoting motion about Z-axis) provide additional (rotational) axes of movement. Overall, five-axis machining can be performed using machine tool 10. Other configurations of machine tool 10 are conceivable, such as having four-axis motion capability, three-axis motion capability, etc.

[0084] Movement along axes X, Y, and Z can be achieved via the spindle 22 or the workpiece support 26. Importantly, relative movement is achieved between the spindle 22 and the workpiece support 26. Alternatively, it is conceivable that movement, for example along the Y-axis (arrow 42), is achieved by moving the workpiece support 26 along the frame 12.

[0085] Figure 2 The structure of the workpiece 60 manufactured by cutting is shown using a perspective view. See also the structure of the workpiece 60. Figures 3 to 5 Workpiece 60 is, for example, an impeller 62. Workpiece 60 may also be referred to as a compressor impeller, etc. Workpiece 60 includes a first side 66 and a second side 68 opposite to the first side 66. The first side 66 may also be referred to as the front side. The second side 68 may also be referred to as the rear side. The terms first side, second side, front side, and rear side should not be construed as limiting, but are used only for illustration. The different names for sides 66, 68 are specifically for the order of processing. In this embodiment, a surrounding wall 70 extends between sides 66, 68, which separates the two sides 66, 68 from each other. The surrounding wall 70 may be designed, for example, as a disc or disk shape, which should not be construed as limiting.

[0086] Workpiece 60 includes a hub 72 at its center, through which a longitudinal axis 74 extends. The longitudinal axis 74 serves as a rotation axis during the operation of workpiece 60. A centering recess 76 extends along the longitudinal axis 74. In this embodiment, the centering recess 76 is configured as a through-hole / through-hole, see [reference needed]. Figure 3 and Figure 4 The hub 72 has an end face 80 on the first side 66, see also Figure 5 The hub 72 has an end face 82 on the second side 68. The end faces 80 and 82 can be used for axial alignment of the workpiece 60.

[0087] In this embodiment, the workpiece 60 carries a first type of blade 86 and a second type of blade 88 on a first side 66. The blades 86 and 88 are distributed around the longitudinal axis 74. Multiple blades 86 and 88 are alternately positioned.

[0088] Each of the blades 86 forms an orientation section 92 near its end opposite the second side 68 for rotational orientation of the workpiece 60. The orientation section 92 includes an edge 94 near the end face of the blade 86. The edge 94 serves as a stop for rotational alignment of the workpiece 60. The orientation section 92 of the blade 86 further includes a support region 96 spaced from the edge 94 and formed on the surface of the blade 86 opposite the second side 68. The support region 96 simplifies the desired alignment of the workpiece 60.

[0089] In the exemplary design, the orientation section 92 (e.g., including edge 94 and support region 96) is part of the blade 86 in any case. A blade 98 is formed on the opposite second side 68, which is positioned with a specific rotational orientation relative to the blades 86, 88 on the first side 66. The blade 98 on the second side 68 is manufactured in a different chuck than the blades 86, 88 on the first side 66. This is referred to below. Figures 3 to 7 To illustrate.

[0090] Figure 3 A first clamping device 100 for machining a first side 66 of a workpiece 60 is illustrated schematically. The clamping device 100 is configured, for example, as a so-called pivot clamp 102. The clamping device 100 includes a clamping retainer 104. In this embodiment, the clamping retainer 104 is disposed on a cantilever 106 of the pivot clamp 102. The clamping retainer 104 includes a rotary bearing 108 and a pressure member 110 that contacts the workpiece 60 on the first side 66 at its end face 80. Rotational movement of the workpiece 60 is disconnected from the first clamping device 100 via the rotary bearing 108.

[0091] exist Figure 3 In the diagram, the double arrows marked 114 indicate the clamping or releasing motion of the pivot clamp 102. Of course, the pivot clamp 102 can also be additionally pivoted laterally to perform operations (loading and unloading) on ​​the workpiece 60.

[0092] Furthermore, the first clamping device 100 includes a workpiece retainer 120, which is, for example, fixed to a position according to... Figure 1 The workpiece is held on a rotatable workpiece stage 26 of the machine tool 10. The workpiece holder 120 includes a workpiece support 122 rotatable about a longitudinal axis 124. For the clamped workpiece 60, the longitudinal axis 124 and the longitudinal axis 74 ( Figure 2The workpiece holder 120 also carries a centering pin 130, which extends into the centering recess 76 (also referred to as the center diameter) of the workpiece 60. The centering pin 130 faces the pressure member 110 of the retainer 104 with its tip facing it. In this embodiment, the centering pin 130 centers the workpiece 60 in the centering recess 76 in a centering region 132 adjacent to the end face 82. The centering of the workpiece 60 is thus achieved close to the workpiece holder 120.

[0093] exist Figure 3 In this configuration, additional support for the workpiece 60 is achieved through the support surface 134 of the workpiece support 122, which contacts the corresponding bearing surface 136 and is adjacent to the circumference of the workpiece 60. In other words, the support surface 134 is radially spaced from the longitudinal axis 124. The support surface 134 can be designed as an annular surface or an annular segment. The workpiece 60 can be supported circumferentially or partially by its bearing surface 136. Due to the inability to achieve this, the first clamping device 100... Figure 3 The design shown makes machining the workpiece 60 on the second side 68 difficult. Due to the configuration of the workpiece support 122, the second side 68 may be inaccessible to machining tools if necessary.

[0094] exist Figure 3 In the design of the clamping device 100 shown, the workpiece 60 is axially clamped between the end face 80 and the support surface 136.

[0095] Figure 4 Another clamping device 150 is shown, which is referred to as the second clamping device 150 for illustrative purposes. This clamping device 150 is used to receive the workpiece 60 in a clamping position, in which the workpiece 60 can be machined on the second side 68. In this way, for example, a blade 98 or a similar profile can also be manufactured on the second side 68; see [reference needed]. Figure 2 It can also process walls up to 70mm thick.

[0096] The clamping device 150 is configured, for example, as a so-called pivot clamp 152. The clamping device 150 includes a clamping retainer 154. In this embodiment, the clamping retainer 154 is disposed on the cantilever 156 of the pivot clamp 152. The clamping retainer 154 includes a rotary bearing 158 and a pressure member 160, which axially contacts the workpiece 60 at an end face 82 on a second side 68. Rotational movement of the workpiece 60 is achieved by the rotary bearing 158, disengaging it from the first clamping device 150.

[0097] The workpiece 60 is held in the second clamping device 150 in the opposite direction to the clamping device 100. In the clamping device 150, the second side 68 faces the clamping retainer 154. In the clamping device 100, the first side 66 faces the clamping retainer 104.

[0098] The double arrow marked with 164 is in Figure 4 The image shows the clamping or releasing motion of the pivot clamp 152. Of course, the pivot clamp 152 can also pivot laterally as needed to load and unload the workpiece 60.

[0099] The second clamping device 150 further includes a workpiece retainer 170, which is fixed, for example, to a position according to... Figure 1 The workpiece is placed on a rotatable workpiece table 26 of the machine tool 10. The workpiece holder 170 includes a workpiece support 172 rotatable about a longitudinal axis 174. When the workpiece 60 is clamped, the longitudinal axis 174 and the longitudinal axis 74 ( Figure 2 The workpiece retainer 170 also carries a centering pin 180, which extends into the centering recess 76 of the workpiece 60 (e.g., center diameter). The centering pin 180 faces the pressure member 160 of the clamping retainer 154 with its tip facing it. In this embodiment, the centering pin 180 centers the workpiece 60 in the centering recess 76 in a centering region 182 adjacent to the end face 82. The centering of the workpiece 60 is thus achieved in the vicinity of the workpiece retainer 170. In the illustrated embodiment, the clamping retainer 154 with the pressure member 160 is intentionally not used for centering.

[0100] In this embodiment, the centering pin 180 provides a support surface 184 that contacts the end face 80 of the hub 72 on the first side 66 of the workpiece 60. It is understood that the support surface 184 may alternatively be constructed in the workpiece support 172. Figure 4 In the design of the clamping device 150 shown, the workpiece 60 is axially clamped between end face 82 and end face 80. Similarly, torque transmission occurs at least substantially between the support surface 184 and the end face 80 of the workpiece 60.

[0101] In an exemplary design, the support surface 184 is provided with a friction-enhancing coating to improve the transmittable torque under a given axial force. This takes into account that the support surface 184 and the end face 80 facing the support surface 184 have a diameter that is smaller than the diameter of the workpiece 60, which is determined for force and torque transmission between the support surface 134 and the support surface 136 (see [reference]). Figure 3 ).

[0102] When machining the second side 68 of workpiece 60, precise rotational alignment between the contours of the first side 66 and the second side 68 is desired. To simplify alignment and avoid numerous individual measurements, clamping device 150 has a rotational orientation profile 190, which is interposed relative to workpiece support 172 and workpiece 60. For workpiece 60 itself, at least several blades 68 have mating contours that achieve precise rotational alignment of workpiece 60 within clamping device 150. The second side 68 is readily achievable for machining within clamping device 150.

[0103] According to Figure 4 In this embodiment, the rotational orientation profile 190 is detachably fixed to the workpiece support 172. The mounting plate 192 presses the rotational orientation profile 190 toward the workpiece support 172. This is exemplarily performed relative to an annular or disc-shaped base 194, and should not be construed as limiting. For example, the rotational orientation profile 190 can be screwed on. In this way, the rotational orientation profile 190 can be quickly replaced in case of wear. This is advantageous, for example, when the rotational orientation profile 190 is taken into account that the workpiece 60 is made of a softer material. Furthermore, different rotational orientation profiles 190 can be fixed to the workpiece support 172 in this manner to enable the processing of different workpieces.

[0104] based on Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 The perspective view shows the engagement between the workpiece 60 and the rotational orientation profile 190 when the workpiece 60 is received on the workpiece holder 170 of the clamping device 150.

[0105] Figure 5 The workpiece 60 is shown in perspective view from the first side 66, see also [reference needed]. Figure 2 The diagram is from the second side, 68. Figure 6 An exemplary configuration of a rotation-oriented profile 190 is shown. The rotation-oriented profile 190 is designed, for example, as a crown 200. The rotation-oriented profile 190 includes a base 202, which is circumferentially designed therein. A rotation stop 204 formed on a toothed portion 206 extends from the base 202. Figure 7 The following configuration is shown, in which workpiece 60 is received on workpiece holder 170 and contacts rotation orientation profile 190 with first side 66. At least some edges 94 of the orientation sections 92 of blades 86 of workpiece 60 contact rotation stops 204 of rotation orientation profile 190. In this way, precise rotational alignment of workpiece 60 about longitudinal axes 74, 174 is achieved.

[0106] The rotational orientation profile 190 also has a so-called support tab 210, which has at least some teeth 206 arranged adjacent to the rotation stop 204. The support tab 210 is constructed to bend easily and is exemplary provided with a recess 212. When the workpiece 60 having blades 86 enters the rotational orientation profile 190, the support tab 210 can be offset. Figure 7 The support tabs 210 are shown to be contacted by the support regions 96 of the blades 86 of the workpiece 60. The support regions 96 are opposite to the second side 68 and inclined relative to the longitudinal axes 74 and 174. In this way, when the workpiece 60 is axially pressed (see...), Figure 4 The clamping retainer 154 generates a rotational component that presses the edge 94 against the rotation stop 204 (in Figure 7 (Center along the counterclockwise direction).

[0107] To compensate for tolerances and to ensure reliable contact with the rotation stop 204, the support piece 210 is designed to be flexible in this embodiment. Within the scope of this design, "flexible" means that the resistance torque of the support piece 210 against deformation when contacted by the blade 86 is less than, and significantly less than, the resistance torque when the tooth 206 and the rotation stop 204 are in the same contact.

[0108] exist Figure 6 The space 216 represents the gap in the crown 200 between the support tab 210 and the toothed portion 206 with a rotation stop 204. The blade 86 of the workpiece 60 can engage into the gap 216. In an exemplary design, the crown 200 has a consistent number of support tabs 210, teeth 206, and gaps 216 disposed therebetween.

[0109] Figure 6 The illustration shows a different design in which the fixing sequence of the teeth 206, the gap 216, and the support tab 210 is interrupted. A large / wide gap 218 is constructed between two teeth 206, each equipped with a rotation stop 204. In this embodiment, the gap 218 is selected such that the measuring head 224 can engage and contact the rotation stop 204 there. In this way, a given rotational orientation in the clamping device 150 can be determined when the rotational orientation profile 190 is installed. Since the workpiece 60 abuts against the rotation stop 204 with the edge 94 of the blade 86, a feasible scheme for high-precision rotational alignment between the first side 66 and the second side 68 is achieved. Of course, if the width of the gap 216 allows, the measuring head 224 can also be inserted into one of the gaps 216 and measured there if necessary.

[0110] Figure 7The repeatable and precise orientation of workpiece 60 on workpiece holder 170 is shown, wherein rotational orientation is ensured by rotational orientation profile 190.

[0111] Figures 8 to 10 An alternative construction of the workpiece represented by 260 is shown. For the following description, explicit reference is made to the combination of... Figures 2 to 7 The above explanation.

[0112] Workpiece 260 is configured similarly to workpiece 60 ( Figures 2 to 7 The impeller 262, etc. The workpiece 260 includes a first side 266 and a second side 268 machined in different chucks. A suitable clamping device is a clamping device 100 for the first side 266. Figure 3 ) and clamping device 150 for the second side 268 ( Figure 4 In this embodiment, a wall 270 is constructed between the first side 266 and the second side 268, which defines the boundaries between the first side 266 and the second side 268.

[0113] Workpiece 260 includes a hub 272 through which a longitudinal axis 274 extends. A centering recess 276 is provided in the hub 272, the centering recess being centrally located to the longitudinal axis 274. The hub 272 has an end face 280 located at a first side 266. Figure 8 ) and end face 282 located at the second side 268 ( Figure 10 ).

[0114] On the first side 266, the workpiece 260 has a blade 286. The blade 286 is used to machine the second side 268 when received in the clamping device 150 to rotatably align the workpiece 62. For this purpose, the blade 286 has an orientation section 292. In this embodiment, this includes an edge 294 and a support region 296 spaced apart from the edge 294. The edge 294 is arranged on the end of the blade 286 facing away from the second side 268. The support region 296 is spaced apart from the edge 294 but arranged adjacent to it. The blade 298 is constructed on the second side 268 and is positioned with a specific rotational orientation relative to the blade 286 on the first side 266.

[0115] Figure 9 A perspective view of a rotational orientation profile 390 is shown, which is adapted to the configuration of the workpiece 260, and particularly to the previously generated configuration of the first side 266 having blades 286. Figure 10The rotational orientation profile 390 is shown in a position arranged in the workpiece holder 170 for receiving the workpiece 260 and for rotating and aligning the workpiece 260. In this embodiment, the rotational orientation profile 390 is configured as a crown 400 and has an annular base 402. A plurality of teeth 406 extend from the base 402, each carrying a rotation stop 404. The edge 294 of the blade 286 can contact the rotation stop 404. In this way, the workpiece 260 is aligned in the workpiece holder 170 with high precision and repeatability.

[0116] The rotational orientation profile 390 also has multiple support tabs 410, on which the support areas 296 of the blade 286 can respectively abut. Therefore, the workpiece 260 can be aligned axially and about its rotational orientation in the workpiece holder 170 with high precision. The support areas 296 abutting against the support tabs 410 generate a resultant force when an axial force component is present. Figure 10 The edge 294 is pressed more forcefully against the rotation stop 404 of the tooth 406 (clockwise). Compared with the tooth 406, the support piece 410 is designed to be more flexible, which allows the support piece 410 to be offset when needed.

[0117] exist Figure 9 In the diagram, the gap between the rotation stop 404 and the support piece 410 is indicated by 416. The gap between the side of the toothed portion 406 facing away from the rotation stop 404 and the subsequent support piece 410 is indicated by 418. Figure 9 The current rotational orientation can also be determined by contacting the rotational orientation profile 390 itself or by contacting the received workpiece 260 (e.g., a reference component) in the configuration shown.

[0118] Figure 11 The machining of the first side 66 of the workpiece 60 is shown with the aid of a schematic partial view of the machine tool 10. Figure 12 The machining of the second side 68 of workpiece 60 is shown in a schematic partial view. With appropriate modifications, the machining of the first side 66 and the second side 68 can be performed on the same machine tool 10. However, machining can also be performed on different machine tools 10.

[0119] exist Figure 11 In this configuration, workpiece 60 is secured to the workpiece stage 26 of the pivot bridge 28 by clamping device 100. Clamping device 100 enables machining of a first side 66, which is accessible to tool 24 on tool holder 22. Workpiece 60 is axially clamped between clamping holder 104 and support surface 134 of workpiece support 122. Centering is achieved by centering pin 130, which is used for centering relative to longitudinal axis 124.

[0120] exist Figure 12 In this process, workpiece 60 is fixed to the workpiece stage 26 of pivot bridge 28 by clamping device 150. Clamping device 150 enables machining of the first side 68, which is relative to tool 24 (in Figure 12 (Shown in dashed lines) This is achievable. The workpiece 60 is axially clamped between the clamping retainer 154 and the centering pin 180 or the support surface 184 of the workpiece support 172. Centering is achieved by the centering pin 180, which is responsible for center alignment relative to the longitudinal axis 174. Additionally, a rotational orientation profile 190 is provided, which is responsible for the desired rotational orientation of the workpiece 60.

[0121] In addition, Figure 12 The measuring head 224 is schematically shown and held on the tool holder 22 in this embodiment. Therefore, the measuring head 224 is capable of movement with a similar degree of freedom as the tool 24. The measuring head 224 is coupled to the measuring device 222 of the machine tool 10. The measuring device 222 is, for example, part of the higher-level control device of the machine tool 10. The measuring head 224 can determine the current rotational orientation of the workpiece 60. This can be achieved through contact with the rotational orientation profile 190. However, contact with the workpiece 60 (reference piece) is also conceivable. Based on the determined rotational orientation, axis correction can be performed to ensure that the second side 68 of the workpiece 60 is machined relative to the first side 66 with the desired rotational orientation.

[0122] Similarly, Figure 13 and Figure 14 The schematic diagram illustrates the processing of related workpieces 60 in a manufacturing facility generally designated as 500. According to... Figure 13 In one embodiment, the manufacturing equipment 500 has two machine tools 10, which are linked to each other via corresponding operating techniques 510. The machine tools 10 are exemplarily similar to those according to... Figure 1 The machine tool is designed to be 10.

[0123] One of the two machine tools 10 supports a first clamping device 100 having a clamping retainer 104 and a workpiece retainer 120 for machining a first side of the workpiece 60. The second machine tool 10 supports a second clamping device 150 having a clamping retainer 154 and a workpiece retainer 170 for machining a second side of the workpiece 60. Operating technology 510 is responsible for transferring the workpiece 60 between the two machine tools 10.

[0124] Figure 14Based on a schematic partial view of the machine tool 10, the second clamping device 150 disengages from the pivot clamp 152 and pivots away from the tool holder 170. The tool spindle 20 carries the measuring head 224 in place of the tool holder 22. A rotational orientation profile 190 is constructed in the tool holder 170. The measuring head 224 can detect the rotational orientation profile 190 to determine its rotational alignment. In this way, a large number or multiple workpieces 60 can be received by the clamping device 150 using the rotational orientation profile 190 and can be machined with high rotational orientation accuracy.

[0125] Figure 15 Another design scheme for the rotation-oriented profile 190 is shown using a perspective view. For the general construction of the rotation-oriented profile 190, refer to... Figure 6 and Figure 7 Additionally, Figure 15 A flow channel 230 is shown, integrated into a rotational orientation profile 190. Outlets 232 of the flow channel 230 are each arranged in one of the gaps 216, 218. In this embodiment, each of these outlets 232 is adjacent to a rotation stop 204 of a corresponding tooth 206. In this way, fluid (typically blown air) passes through the blades (see...) located therein. Figure 5 The blade is blown in the direction indicated by reference numeral 286 in the attached figure so as to blow away chips and other contaminants from the workpiece 60 and the rotational orientation profile 190.

[0126] The flow channel 230 can be integrated into the rotationally oriented profile 190 or into its crown-shaped structure. In this way, the flow channel 230 can advantageously match the corresponding workpiece 60. In this embodiment, the supply of the flow channel 230 is achieved through a central annular channel 234. The annular channel 234 is integrated, for example, into the base 204. However, the annular channel 204 can also be additionally connected to the rotationally oriented profile 190.

[0127] Figure 16 This schematic block diagram illustrates an exemplary design for a method of manufacturing workpieces, particularly impellers, compressor impellers, etc. The method in this embodiment begins at step S10. Step S10 includes providing a first clamping device for machining a first side of the workpiece and clamping the workpiece into the first clamping device. The clamping device is exemplarily provided in a first machine tool. In step S12, the first side of the workpiece is machined in the clamping position of the workpiece within the first clamping device.

[0128] Next is step S14, which includes providing a second clamping device. The second clamping device can be provided in a second machine tool. However, it is also conceivable to provide both the first and second clamping devices in the same machine tool. Step S16 includes determining the current rotational orientation of the second clamping device or the workpiece (reference piece) received therein. A subsequent step S18 includes axis correction using calculation techniques that take into account the given rotational orientation.

[0129] In this embodiment, one of steps S14 or S16 includes clamping the workpiece into a second clamp. The timing of the clamping process depends on whether the current rotational orientation is determined by (optically or strategically) contacting the rotational orientation profile or the workpiece itself.

[0130] Next is step S20, which involves machining the second side of the workpiece in the clamping position of the workpiece in the second clamping device. The machining of the second side is performed with respect to the profile of the first side of the workpiece generated in step S12, using a favorable and precise rotational orientation. In principle, other workpieces can now be machined on both the first and second sides without having to repeat steps S16 and S18. The rotational orientation profile ensures that, in order to machine the second side, the new workpiece is precisely and repeatedly aligned or oriented in the second clamping device. After axis correction, this orientation scheme is stored in the machine tool's control unit.

Claims

1. A clamping device (150) for receiving workpieces (60, 260) to be machined, said clamping device having the following components: A workpiece holder (170) with a workpiece support (172) that is rotatably driven about the longitudinal axis (174). A clamping retainer (154) is positioned opposite the workpiece support (172) at least in the clamped position, so as to clamp the workpiece (60, 260) with centering recesses (76, 276) centered relative to the longitudinal axis (174) between the workpiece support (172) and the clamping retainer (154). A rotational orientation profile (190, 390) is arranged at the workpiece support (172) and provides at least one rotation stop (204, 404) for the orientation section (92, 292) of the workpiece (60, 260) to allow the workpiece (60, 260) to rotate and align in the clamping position. Its features are, The rotational orientation profile (190, 390) includes a crown (200, 400) surrounding the longitudinal axis (174), and the at least one rotation stop (204, 404) is constructed at the teeth (206, 406) of the crown (200, 400).

2. The clamping device (150) according to claim 1, wherein, The clamping device (150) is used to process the impellers (62, 262) to be processed on both sides.

3. The clamping device (150) according to claim 1, wherein, The rotational orientation profile (190, 390) has multiple rotation stops (204, 404) distributed around the longitudinal axis (174).

4. The clamping device (150) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The at least one rotation stop (204, 404) is adapted to the blades (86, 286) of the workpiece (60, 260) for rotational alignment of the workpiece (60, 260).

5. The clamping device (150) according to claim 4, wherein, The at least one rotation stop (204, 404) is adapted to the edge (94, 294) of the blade (86, 286).

6. The clamping device (150) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The at least one rotation stop (204, 404) is adapted to the orientation section (92, 292) of the workpiece (60, 260) generated in another chuck.

7. The clamping device (150) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The crown (200, 400) can be replaced and fixed to the workpiece holder (170).

8. The clamping device (150) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The crown (200, 400) has a plurality of teeth (206, 406) with rotation stops (204, 404) distributed around the longitudinal axis (174), and a first gap (218, 418) for measuring head (224) is formed between at least two teeth (206, 406).

9. The clamping device (150) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, A support tab (210, 410) is disposed adjacent to at least one tooth (206, 406) of the crown (200, 400). A second gap (216, 416) is formed between the rotation stop (204, 404) of the tooth (206, 406) and the support tab (210, 410). In the clamped position, the blades (86, 286) of the workpiece (60, 260) engage with the second gap, wherein the blades (86, 286) contact the rotation stop (204, 404) with their edges (94, 294), and the support tab (210, 410) is formed on a support area (96, 296) spaced apart from the edges (94, 294) for supporting the blades (86, 286).

10. The clamping device (150) according to claim 9, wherein, The support pieces (210, 410) are designed to be easily bent.

11. The clamping device (150) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The rotational orientation profiles (190, 390) are made of plastic or aluminum-based materials.

12. The clamping device (150) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The workpiece retainer (170) carries a centering pin (180), which extends into the centering recess (76, 276) of the workpiece (60, 260) in the clamped position.

13. The clamping device (150) according to claim 12, wherein, The centering pin (180) centers the workpieces (60, 260) in the centering region (182) of the centering recess (76, 276), wherein, in the clamping position, the centering region (182) of the workpieces (60, 260) is adjacent to the workpiece support (172).

14. The clamping device (150) according to claim 12, wherein, The centering pin (180) has a support surface (184) on its end side.

15. The clamping device (150) according to claim 14, wherein, The support surface is provided with a coating to enhance friction.

16. The clamping device (150) according to claim 15, wherein, The friction-enhancing coating is a diamond coating.

17. The clamping device (150) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, In the clamping position, the clamping retainer (154) acts axially on the hub (72, 272) of the workpiece (60, 260).

18. The clamping device (150) according to claim 17, wherein, In the clamping position, the clamping retainer (154) acts axially on the end face (82, 282) of the hub (72, 272) of the workpiece (60, 260).

19. The clamping device (150) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, At least one flow channel (230) for blowing air is constructed in the rotational orientation profile (190, 390), and a plurality of outlets (232) are provided, which point to the workpiece (60, 260) in the clamping position.

20. A machine tool (10) comprising: a frame (12), at least one workpiece table (26) for receiving a workpiece holder (170), a clamping device (150) according to any one of claims 1 to 19, and at least one tool spindle (20) movable relative to a workpiece support (172) of the clamping device (150) on at least four or five axes.

21. The machine tool (10) according to claim 20, further comprising: a measuring device (222) with at least one measuring head (224), the measuring head being configured to determine at least one rotational orientation of a rotational orientation profile (190, 390) or a clamped workpiece (60, 260) for the purpose of shaft alignment.

22. The machine tool (10) according to claim 20 or 21, wherein, The clamping device (150) is a secondary clamping device (150) for clamping workpieces (60, 260) to process the second side (68, 268) of the workpieces (60, 260). The machine tool (10) can also be equipped with a primary clamping device (100) for clamping workpieces (60, 260) to process the first side (66, 266) of the workpieces (60, 260). The alignment of the workpieces (60, 260) in the second clamping device (150) is performed by means of the orientation sections (92, 292) of the workpieces (60, 260) generated when processing the first side (66, 266) of the workpieces (60, 260).

23. A manufacturing apparatus (500) for processing, comprising the following components: At least one machine tool (10) has a frame (12), at least one workpiece stage (26) for receiving a workpiece holder (170) and at least one tool spindle (20). At least one primary clamping device (100) capable of being mounted on the workpiece table (26) for machining the first side (66, 266) of the workpiece (60, 260). At least one clamping device (150) according to any one of claims 1 to 19, said clamping device being configured as a secondary clamping device (150) capable of being mounted on the workpiece table (26) for machining a second side (68, 268) of a workpiece (60, 260). in, The orientation sections (92, 292) of the workpieces (60, 260) are generated by machining the first side (66, 266) of the tool.

24. A method for manufacturing workpieces (60, 260), comprising the following steps: The first side (66, 266) of the workpiece (60, 260) is processed by the machine tool (10), wherein the workpiece (60, 260) is clamped by the primary clamping device (100). A secondary clamping device (150) is provided, said secondary clamping device being designed according to any one of claims 1 to 19. Determine the rotational orientation of the rotational orientation profile (190, 390) of the secondary clamping device (150). Computational axis correction is performed based on the detected rotational orientation, and The second side (68, 268) of the workpiece (60, 260) opposite to the first side (66, 266) is processed by the machine tool (10), wherein the workpiece (60, 260) is clamped by the secondary clamping device (150).

25. The method according to claim 24, wherein, The rotational orientation of the rotational orientation profile (190, 390) of the secondary clamping device (150) is determined by using a measuring head (224).

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