Transmission device for numerically controlled machine tools

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of machine tool machining equipment, in particular to a transmission device for a numerical control machine tool, which comprises a spindle box, a driving motor is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the spindle box, a main shaft is rotationally arranged in the spindle box, a transmission module is arranged in the spindle box, the transmission module is used for transmitting power output by the driving motor to the main shaft so as to drive the main shaft to rotate, a braking module for braking the main shaft is arranged on the outer side wall of the spindle box, and a separation assembly for separating the transmission module and the braking module is arranged on the main shaft. The application has the effect of improving the convenience of the braking structure in the transmission system during maintenance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machine tool processing equipment technology, and in particular to a transmission device for CNC machine tools. Background Technology

[0002] CNC machine tools, short for numerical control machine tools, are automated machine tools equipped with a program control system. This control system can logically process programs with control codes or other symbolic instructions, decode them, represent them with coded numbers, and input them into the CNC device via an information carrier. After processing, the CNC device sends out various control signals to control the machine tool's movements, automatically machining parts according to the shape and dimensions required by the drawings.

[0003] CNC machine tools typically consist of a control system, a servo system, a detection system, a transmission system, and other auxiliary systems. The transmission system mainly includes a spindle box, on the outside of which a drive motor is fixedly mounted. Inside the spindle box is a mounting chamber containing the spindle, transmission structure, and braking structure. The spindle is rotatably mounted within the mounting chamber, and a rotary table is fixedly connected to one end of the spindle that extends out of the spindle box. The transmission structure is mounted within the mounting chamber and serves to drive the output shaft of the drive motor and the spindle. The braking structure is mounted within the mounting chamber and is used to brake the spindle.

[0004] However, in the existing transmission system, both the braking structure and the transmission structure are installed in the mounting chamber inside the spindle box. When the braking structure fails, the entire spindle box needs to be disassembled before the braking structure can be repaired or replaced, which makes the maintenance process of the braking structure cumbersome. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To improve the convenience of maintenance of the braking structure in the transmission system, this application provides a transmission device for CNC machine tools.

[0006] This application provides a transmission device for CNC machine tools, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A transmission device for a CNC machine tool includes a spindle box, a drive motor fixedly mounted on the side wall of the spindle box, a spindle rotatably mounted inside the spindle box, a transmission module disposed inside the spindle box, and the transmission module being used to transmit the power output by the drive motor to the spindle to drive the spindle to rotate. A braking module for braking the spindle is disposed on the outer side wall of the spindle box, and a separation component is provided on the spindle for separating the transmission module and the braking module.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the transmission module is separately installed inside the spindle box, and the braking module is separately installed outside the spindle box. The use of a separator helps to separate the transmission and braking modules. When the braking module malfunctions, the separate modular design of the transmission and braking modules allows for individual repair or replacement of the braking module. Compared to existing transmission devices, this application helps improve the convenience of braking module maintenance, thereby helping to save on the cost of braking module repair or replacement.

[0009] In one specific implementation, the transmission module includes a gear transmission assembly and a worm gear assembly. The gear transmission assembly is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor and is used to transmit the power output from the drive motor output shaft to the worm gear assembly. The worm gear assembly is connected to the main shaft and is used to transmit the power transmitted by the gear transmission assembly to the main shaft, thereby driving the main shaft to rotate.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, when the drive motor is running, the power output from the output shaft of the drive motor can be transmitted to the main shaft through the gear transmission assembly and the worm gear assembly, thereby driving the main shaft to rotate.

[0011] In one specific implementation, the worm gear assembly includes a drive worm wheel and a drive worm, the drive worm wheel being fixedly connected to the main shaft, and the drive worm being rotatably connected to the inner wall of the main shaft housing, and the drive worm meshing with the drive worm wheel.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, when the gear transmission assembly transmits the power output from the output shaft of the drive motor to the transmission worm, the transmission worm rotates, thereby driving the transmission worm wheel to rotate, and in turn driving the main shaft to rotate.

[0013] In one specific implementation scheme, a plurality of bearing seats are fitted onto the transmission worm gear, and the plurality of bearing seats are fixedly installed inside the spindle box.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the bearing housing helps to support and limit the transmission worm when it rotates, thereby improving the stability of the transmission worm during rotation, enhancing the meshing effect between the transmission worm and the transmission worm wheel, and ultimately improving the transmission effect of the worm wheel and worm gear assembly.

[0015] In one specific implementation, the gear transmission assembly includes a driving gear and a driven gear. The driving gear is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the drive motor, and the driven gear is fixedly connected to the transmission worm gear, and the driven gear meshes with the driving gear.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the operation of the drive motor can drive the drive gear to rotate, thereby driving the driven gear to rotate, and then driving the transmission worm to rotate.

[0017] In one specific implementation, the separation assembly includes a separation ring and a separation oil seal. The separation ring is sleeved on the main shaft and fixedly connected to the side wall of the transmission worm gear facing the brake module. The separation oil seal is sleeved on the separation ring and fits against the inner wall of the main shaft housing.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, and utilizing the separation ring and the separation oil seal, the transmission module located inside the spindle box and the braking module located outside the spindle box can be separated under the joint action of the separation ring and the separation oil seal. This allows the transmission module and the braking module to be in two independent spaces, which facilitates the separate maintenance or replacement of the braking module and improves the convenience of the braking module during the maintenance process.

[0019] In one specific implementation, the braking module includes a brake pad and a braking assembly for preventing the brake pad from rotating. The brake pad is fixedly disposed on the side wall of the separator ring away from the transmission worm gear, and the braking assembly is disposed on the outer side wall of the spindle box, with the braking assembly adjacent to the brake pad.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the brake pads rotate synchronously when the spindle rotates. When braking the spindle, the braking assembly can block the rotation of the brake pads, thereby blocking the rotation of the spindle and achieving spindle braking.

[0021] In one specific implementation, the braking assembly includes a piston cylinder and a piston disc. The outer wall of the spindle housing is provided with a mounting groove. The piston cylinder is fixedly installed in the mounting groove. The piston disc is movably installed in the piston cylinder and is positioned towards the brake pad. A chamber is provided between the piston disc and the piston cylinder. The piston cylinder is provided with a plurality of oil passage holes for communicating with the chamber.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, when braking the main shaft, hydraulic oil is injected into the chamber between the piston disc and the piston cylinder through the oil passage, thereby pushing the piston disc to move towards the brake pad, so that the piston disc and the brake pad press against each other, generating braking force, thereby blocking the brake pad and the main shaft from continuing to rotate, and braking the main shaft.

[0023] In one specific implementation scheme, a sealing cavity is formed between the spindle and the inner wall of the spindle box, and an oil injection hole for communicating with the sealing cavity is provided on the side wall of the spindle box, and a one-way valve is provided inside the oil injection hole.

[0024] By employing the above technical solution, lubricating oil is injected into the sealing cavity through the oil injection hole, thereby lubricating the spindle and other structures inside the spindle box. The one-way valve prevents the lubricating oil inside the sealing cavity from flowing out of the oil injection hole.

[0025] In one specific implementation, a fixed convex ring is provided on the main shaft, the transmission worm is fixedly connected to the fixed convex ring, and an adjusting shim is sleeved on the main shaft, the adjusting shim being located between the fixed convex ring and the transmission worm.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution and using adjusting shims of different thicknesses, it is helpful to adjust the position of the transmission worm gear sleeved on the main shaft.

[0027] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0028] 1. By setting up the transmission module, braking module and the partition component, the partition component helps to separate the transmission module and the braking module inside and outside the spindle box, so that the transmission module and the braking module are in two independent spaces. This allows the faulty braking module to be repaired or replaced separately, which helps to improve the convenience of the braking module repair or replacement process and saves the cost of braking module repair or replacement.

[0029] 2. By incorporating a bearing housing, the stability of the transmission worm gear during rotation is improved, thereby enhancing the meshing effect between the transmission worm gear and the transmission worm wheel, and ultimately improving the transmission efficiency of the worm gear assembly. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of this application.

[0031] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram showing the specific internal structure of the spindle box.

[0032] Figure 3 It is a layout structure cross-sectional view that shows the specific structure of the separating components.

[0033] Figure 4 It is an exploded view showing the specific structure of the braking module.

[0034] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram showing the specific structure of the piston cylinder.

[0035] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Spindle box; 2. Drive motor; 3. Spindle; 4. Separator assembly; 41. Separator ring; 42. Separator oil seal; 5. Gear transmission assembly; 51. Drive gear; 52. Driven gear; 6. Worm gear assembly; 61. Transmission worm gear; 62. Transmission worm; 7. Bearing housing; 8. Brake pad; 9. Brake assembly; 91. Piston cylinder; 92. Piston disc; 10. Mounting groove; 11. Oil passage hole; 12. Fixing convex ring; 13. Adjusting shim; 14. Oil injection hole. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-5 This application will be described in further detail.

[0037] This application discloses a transmission device for a CNC machine tool, referring to... Figure 1 and Figure 2 The system includes a spindle housing 1, on which a drive motor 2 is fixedly mounted. In this embodiment, the drive motor 2 is a servo motor. A spindle 3 is rotatably mounted inside the spindle housing 1, and a transmission module is provided inside the spindle housing 1. Both the servo motor and the spindle 3 are connected to the transmission module.

[0038] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The transmission module includes a worm gear assembly 6, which comprises a transmission worm gear 61 and a transmission worm 62. A fixed convex ring 12 is integrally formed on the outer ring of the main shaft 3. An adjusting shim 13 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixed convex ring 12. Both the fixed convex ring 12 and the transmission worm gear 61 are fixedly connected to the fixed convex ring 12 via connectors. Both the fixed convex ring 12 and the transmission worm gear 61 are sleeved on the outer side wall of the main shaft 3, and the adjusting shim 13 is located between the fixed convex ring 12 and the transmission worm 62. By placing adjusting shims 13 of different thicknesses between the fixed convex ring 12 and the transmission worm 62, the position of the transmission worm 62 sleeved on the main shaft 3 can be adjusted, improving the accuracy of the installation position of the transmission worm 62.

[0039] Reference Figure 2 The transmission worm 62 is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the spindle box 1, and the transmission worm 62 meshes with the transmission worm wheel 61. Two bearing seats 7 are sleeved on the outer ring of the transmission worm 62. Both bearing seats 7 are fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the spindle box 1. The two bearing seats 7 can support and limit the transmission worm 62, which helps to improve the stability of the transmission worm 62 during rotation.

[0040] Reference Figure 2The transmission module also includes a gear transmission assembly 5, which includes a driving gear 51 and a driven gear 52. The driving gear 51 is fixedly sleeved on the output shaft of the drive motor 2, and the driven gear 52 is fixedly sleeved on the end of the transmission worm 62 near the drive motor 2. The driven gear 52 and the driving gear 51 mesh with each other.

[0041] Reference Figure 2 The drive motor 2 operates, causing the drive gear 51 to rotate under the drive of the output shaft of the drive motor 2, which in turn drives the driven gear 52 and the transmission worm 62 to rotate. While the transmission worm 62 is rotating, it drives the transmission worm wheel 61 to rotate, thereby driving the main shaft 3 to rotate.

[0042] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 A sealed cavity is formed between the inner wall of the spindle box 1 and the spindle 3. An oil injection hole 14 is provided through the side wall of the spindle box 1 and communicates with the sealed cavity. A one-way valve (not shown in the figure) is fixedly installed inside the oil injection hole 14. Lubricating oil is injected into the sealed cavity through the oil injection hole 14 to lubricate the internal structure of the sealed cavity and improve the smoothness of the spindle 3 rotation.

[0043] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 A mounting groove 10 is provided on the outer wall of the spindle box 1, and a braking module is installed in the mounting groove 10. A partition assembly 4 is provided on the spindle 3, and the partition assembly 4 separates the sealing cavity from the mounting groove 10. The partition assembly 4 includes a partition ring 41 and a partition oil seal 42. The partition ring 41 is fixedly sleeved on the spindle 3 and is fixedly connected to the transmission worm gear 61 and located on the side of the transmission worm gear 61 opposite to the fixed convex ring 12. The partition oil seal 42 is fixedly sleeved on the partition ring 41 and fits tightly against the cavity wall of the sealing cavity.

[0044] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 The braking module includes brake pads 8 and a braking assembly 9. The brake pads 8 are sleeved on the main shaft 3 and fixedly installed on the side wall of the separator ring 41 facing away from the transmission worm gear 61. The braking assembly 9 includes a piston cylinder 91 and a piston disc 92. The piston cylinder 91 is fixedly installed in the mounting groove 10. The side of the piston cylinder 91 facing the brake pads 8 has an annular placement groove. The piston disc 92 is movably installed in the placement groove. A chamber (not shown in the figure) is formed between the piston disc 92 and the groove wall of the placement groove. Multiple oil passage holes 11 are opened on the side of the piston cylinder 91 facing away from the piston disc 92. All multiple oil passage holes 11 are connected to the chamber.

[0045] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5When the main shaft 3 rotates, the brake pad 8 rotates synchronously under the drive of the separator ring 41. When braking the main shaft 3, hydraulic oil is sent into the chamber through the oil passage 11. After entering the chamber, the hydraulic oil pushes the piston disc 92 toward the brake pad 8 and presses against the brake pad 8, thereby blocking the continued rotation of the brake pad 8 and the main shaft 3, and braking the main shaft 3.

[0046] When the braking module malfunctions and needs to be repaired or replaced, the separate modular design of the transmission module and the braking module allows operators to repair or replace the faulty braking module individually. This improves the convenience of the braking module repair or replacement process and saves on repair or replacement costs.

[0047] The implementation principle of this application embodiment is as follows: The drive motor 2 operates, causing the drive gear 51 to rotate under the drive of the output shaft of the drive motor 2, thereby driving the driven gear 52 and the transmission worm 62 to rotate. Simultaneously, the transmission worm 62 drives the transmission worm wheel 61 to rotate, thus driving the main shaft 3 to rotate. When the main shaft 3 rotates, the brake pad 8 rotates synchronously under the drive of the transmission worm wheel 61. When braking the main shaft 3, hydraulic oil is supplied to the chamber through the oil passage 11. After entering the chamber, the hydraulic oil pushes the piston disc 92 towards the brake pad 8 and presses against the brake pad 8, thereby preventing the brake pad 8 and the main shaft 3 from continuing to rotate, thus braking the main shaft 3. When the braking module malfunctions and needs repair or replacement, the separate modular design of the transmission module and the braking module allows operators to repair or replace the malfunctioning braking module individually, improving the convenience of repair or replacement and saving the cost of repair or replacement.

[0048] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A transmission device for a CNC machine tool, characterized in that: Includes a spindle box (1), a drive motor (2) is fixedly installed on the side wall of the spindle box (1), a spindle (3) is rotatably installed inside the spindle box (1), a transmission module is installed inside the spindle box (1), and the transmission module is used to transmit the power output by the drive motor (2) to the spindle (3) to drive the spindle (3) to rotate. A braking module for braking the spindle (3) is installed on the outer side wall of the spindle box (1), and a separation component (4) for separating the transmission module and the braking module is provided on the spindle (3). The transmission module includes a gear transmission assembly (5) and a worm gear assembly (6). The gear transmission assembly (5) is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor (2), and the gear transmission assembly (5) is used to transmit the power output from the output shaft of the drive motor (2) to the worm gear assembly (6). The worm gear assembly (6) is connected to the main shaft (3), and the worm gear assembly (6) is used to transmit the power transmitted by the gear transmission assembly (5) to the main shaft (3) to drive the main shaft (3) to rotate. The worm gear assembly (6) includes a transmission worm wheel (61) and a transmission worm (62). The transmission worm wheel (61) is fixedly connected to the main shaft (3), and the transmission worm (62) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the main shaft box (1), and the transmission worm (62) meshes with the transmission worm wheel (61). The separation assembly (4) includes a separation ring (41) and a separation oil seal (42). The separation ring (41) is sleeved on the main shaft (3) and is fixedly connected to the side wall of the transmission worm gear (61) facing the brake module. The separation oil seal (42) is sleeved on the separation ring (41) and is in contact with the inner wall of the main shaft box (1). The braking module includes a brake pad (8) and a braking assembly (9) for blocking the rotation of the brake pad (8). The brake pad (8) is fixedly disposed on the side wall of the separator ring (41) away from the transmission worm gear (61). The braking assembly (9) is disposed on the outer side wall of the main shaft box (1) and is disposed adjacent to the brake pad (8). A sealing cavity is formed between the spindle (3) and the inner wall of the spindle box (1). An oil injection hole (14) for connecting the sealing cavity is provided on the side wall of the spindle box (1). A one-way valve is provided inside the oil injection hole (14). The partition assembly (4) separates the sealing cavity and the mounting groove (10).

2. The transmission device for a CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission worm (62) is fitted with several bearing seats (7), and the several bearing seats (7) are fixedly installed inside the spindle box (1).

3. The transmission device for a CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gear transmission assembly (5) includes a driving gear (51) and a driven gear (52). The driving gear (51) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the drive motor (2), and the driven gear (52) is fixedly connected to the transmission worm (62), and the driven gear (52) meshes with the driving gear (51).

4. A transmission device for a CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The braking assembly (9) includes a piston cylinder (91) and a piston disc (92). The outer side wall of the spindle box (1) is provided with a mounting groove (10). The piston cylinder (91) is fixedly installed in the mounting groove (10). The piston disc (92) is movably installed in the piston cylinder (91) and is positioned towards the brake pad (8). There is a chamber between the piston disc (92) and the piston cylinder (91). The piston cylinder (91) is provided with a plurality of oil passage holes (11) for communicating with the chamber.

5. A transmission device for a CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fixed protruding ring (12) is provided on the main shaft (3), and the transmission worm (62) is fixedly connected to the fixed protruding ring (12). An adjusting shim (13) is sleeved on the main shaft (3), and the adjusting shim (13) is located between the fixed protruding ring (12) and the transmission worm (62).

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