A bolt mounting apparatus and method

Abstract

The application provides a bolt mounting device and method, which comprises a wrench body, an inner groove is formed in the wrench body, an oil cylinder is embedded on the side of the wrench body away from the inner groove, a rotary joint is arranged on the top of the wrench body, an oil inlet pipeline and an oil outlet pipeline are respectively arranged in communication between the rotary joint and the inner cavity of the oil cylinder, a piston plate is movably arranged in the inner cavity of the oil cylinder, a connecting rod is fixedly arranged on the piston plate, a power plate is connected to the end of the connecting rod away from the piston plate through a connecting shaft, a driving pawl is rotatably connected to the side wall of the power plate, the driving pawl is slidably connected with the gear teeth of a ratchet wheel, and a hexagonal positioning hole is formed in the inner ring of the ratchet wheel. The application provides the bolt mounting device and method, which can detect defects of the bolt during the starting process, thereby ensuring the reliability of the bolt installation and making the equipment operation safer.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of bolt installation, in particular to a bolt installation device and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] For some large metallurgical, chemical, mining enterprises or transportation field, there will be a large nut fastening or loosening situation. At present, the fastening or loosening of large nuts mainly relies on manual operation with pry and other tools, which not only consumes manpower, but also easily damages the threaded pair, the bolt fastening torque is uneven, the labor intensity is large, the efficiency is low, and it is also limited by the operation space.

[0003] In the prior art, a hollow hydraulic wrench with publication number "CN205021488U" is disclosed, which comprises a wrench body, a cylinder body is arranged in the wrench body, a piston is arranged in the cylinder body, a road oil assembly is arranged at one end of the cylinder body and is in sealing connection with the piston, a hook is arranged at the other end of the cylinder body and is connected with the output end of the piston, the cylinder body is rotatably connected in the wrench body through a first connecting pin shaft, and the hook and the output end of the piston are connected through a second connecting pin shaft, and a driving plate is movably connected at the connecting position of the hook and the output end of the piston, the other end of the driving plate is rotatably connected with a ratchet wheel, a pawl assembly is arranged on the driving plate and is in meshing connection with the tooth surface of the ratchet wheel, wherein a reverse spring is arranged at the connecting position of the hook and the driving plate, and a first pawl is arranged in the wrench body and is in reverse tooth surface connection with the ratchet wheel.

[0004] However, in the use process, there are still obvious defects: when installing the bolt, if the bolt itself has defects such as concave, crack and the like, even if it is installed in place, there is a great safety hazard in use, and it is easy to break, and the above-mentioned device only has the basic bolt installation function, so that the defective bolt is also directly installed, so that the equipment still has a high failure rate when running. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a bolt installation device and method to solve the problems in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme:

[0007] The utility model provides a bolt mounting equipment, including spanner body, the inner groove is set up in spanner body, the oil cylinder is inlayed and arranged in the side of spanner body away from the inner groove, the top of spanner body is provided with swivel joint, the oil inlet pipeline and oil outlet pipeline are communicated respectively between swivel joint and oil cylinder inner chamber, the piston plate is movably arranged in the oil cylinder inner chamber, the connecting rod is fixedly arranged on the piston plate, the one end of connecting rod away from piston plate is connected with power plate through connecting shaft, the side wall of power plate is rotatably connected with the pawl of stirring, the gear tooth of pawl and ratchet wheel are slidably connected, the inner ring of ratchet wheel is provided with hexagonal positioning hole,

[0008] The top of the spanner body is fixedly provided with an operation block, the side of the operation block away from the swivel joint is provided with a clamping groove, the side wall of the clamping groove is provided with an elastic clamping protrusion, the inner wall of the clamping groove is fixedly provided with a trigger switch, the operation block is provided with an operation slot, the bottom wall of the operation slot is fixedly provided with a micro air cylinder, the inner wall of the operation slot on the side provided with the micro air cylinder is symmetrically connected and provided with springs, the end of the spring is fixed to the push plate, the push plate is fixedly provided with a rack, the end of the rack away from the push plate is fixedly provided with a top plate, the side of the top plate close to the clamping groove is fixedly provided with a clamping rod, the clamping rod is fixedly provided with a clamping protrusion, the rack is meshingly provided with a gear, the center of the gear is fixedly provided with a transmission rod, the end of the transmission rod away from the gear is fixedly provided with a driving bevel gear, the driving bevel gear and the driven bevel gear are meshingly provided, the center of the driven bevel gear is fixedly provided with a first transmission wheel, the first transmission wheel is transmissionally connected to a second transmission wheel through a transmission belt, the second transmission wheel is fixedly provided at the center of a stirring wheel, the stirring wheel and a hollow rotating wheel are meshingly provided, the driven bevel gear, the stirring wheel and the hollow rotating wheel are all hingedly provided on the side of the spanner body, the inner ring of the hollow rotating wheel is fixedly provided with a bolt defect detector;

[0009] The PLC controller and the reset switch are fixedly provided on the operation block.

[0010] Preferably, the inner groove is rotatably connected with a check pawl through a fixed block on the side of the ratchet wheel away from the oil cylinder, and the check pawl is slidably connected with the ratchet wheel clockwise.

[0011] Preferably, the side of the spanner body is provided with a circular ring bearing, and the transmission rod is hingedly and penetratingly provided in the circular ring bearing.

[0012] Preferably, the bolt defect detector is any one of an ultrasonic flaw detector and an optical microscope flaw detector.

[0013] A use method based on the bolt mounting equipment, comprising the following steps:

[0014] Step one: take the device main body, the hexagonal positioning hole of the ratchet inner ring is clamped on the outside of the bolt to be installed;

[0015] Step two: push the top plate towards the operation block, so that the hollow rotating wheel outside the bolt rotates, and the bolt defect detector detects whether the bolt has defects in real time during rotation; the micro air cylinder and the push plate are in abutment in the initial state, if no defects are detected, the micro air cylinder retracts at a constant speed, so that the top plate can be further pushed towards the operation block until the clamping rod presses the trigger switch; oil is injected into the oil cylinder through the oil inlet pipeline, so that the piston plate drives the connecting rod to move outward, the power plate swings, the pawl is pushed to rotate the ratchet, and the bolt in the hexagonal positioning hole is tightened; if defects are detected, the micro air cylinder stops immediately, and the top plate cannot be further pushed; at this time, the damaged bolt needs to be removed, and the reset switch is pressed to restore each element to the initial position, and then the bolt is reinstalled.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0017] 1、The present application can detect whether the bolt has defects in real time during the starting process before installing the bolt, if the bolt has defects, it stops immediately, and a new bolt needs to be replaced immediately, if the bolt has no defects, after comprehensive detection during rotation, the installation function is automatically started, thereby ensuring the reliability of the installed bolt, and making the equipment more stable and safe during operation;

[0018] 2、The structure of the present application is simple, the operation process is simple, and through simple operation, it can ensure that the installed bolts are all defect-free bolts, which can reduce the subsequent maintenance and repair frequency, and make the operation and maintenance process simpler.

[0019] The present application provides a bolt installation device and method, which can detect defects of the bolt during the starting process, thereby ensuring the reliability of the installed bolt, and making the equipment run more safely. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the inner groove of the wrench body of the present application.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a side view of the wrench body of the present application.

[0022] Figure 3 It is an enlarged view of A in the present application. Figure 2

[0023] ​In the figure: 1 wrench body, 101 inner groove, 2 oil cylinder, 3 rotary joint, 401 oil inlet pipeline, 402 oil outlet pipeline, 5 piston plate, 6 connecting rod, 7 connecting shaft, 8 power plate, 9 dial pawl, 10 ratchet wheel, 11 hexagonal positioning hole, 12 non-return pawl, 13 operating block, 131 clamping groove, 132 elastic clamping protrusion, 133 trigger switch, 14 operating groove, 15 micro-cylinder, 16 spring, 17 push plate, 18 rack, 19 top plate, 20 clamping rod, 21 clamping protrusion, 22 gear, 23 transmission rod, 24 circular ring bearing, 25 driving bevel gear, 26 driven bevel gear, 27 first transmission wheel, 28 transmission belt, 29 second transmission wheel, 30 dial wheel, 31 hollow rotating wheel, 32 bolt defect detector, 33 PLC controller, 34 reset switch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0025] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 The present application provides a technical solution:

[0026] Embodiment one:

[0027] A bolt mounting device, comprising a wrench body 1, an inner groove 101 is formed in the wrench body 1, an oil cylinder 2 is embedded on the side of the wrench body 1 away from the inner groove 101, a rotary joint 3 is arranged on the top of the wrench body 1 for connecting an oil pipe, an oil inlet pipeline 401 and an oil outlet pipeline 402 are respectively arranged in communication between the rotary joint 3 and the inner cavity of the oil cylinder 2, a piston plate 5 is movably arranged in the inner cavity of the oil cylinder 2, when oil enters the inner cavity of the oil cylinder 2 through the oil inlet pipeline 401, the piston plate 5 will be pushed to the right, when oil flows out of the inner cavity of the oil cylinder 2 through the oil outlet pipeline 402, the piston plate 5 will move to the left, a connecting rod 6 is fixedly arranged on the side of the piston plate 5 away from the rotary joint 3, a power plate 8 is connected to the end of the connecting rod 6 away from the piston plate 5 through a connecting shaft 7, a dial pawl 9 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the power plate 8, the dial pawl 9 is slidably connected with the gear teeth of a ratchet wheel 10, the dial pawl 9 can push the ratchet wheel 10 to rotate by a certain angle, a hexagonal positioning hole 11 is formed in the inner ring of the ratchet wheel 10, the shape of the hexagonal positioning hole 11 is exactly matched with the bolt to be installed.

[0028] The top of the wrench body 1 is fixedly provided with an operation block 13, the side of the operation block 13 away from the rotary joint 3 is provided with a clamping groove 131, the side wall of the clamping groove 131 is provided with an elastic clamping protrusion 132, the elastic clamping protrusion 132 has a certain elasticity, and the elastic clamping protrusion 132 is used for blocking the clamping protrusion 21 and limiting the clamping rod 20, the inner wall of the clamping groove 131 is fixedly provided with a trigger switch 133, when the trigger switch 133 is pressed, a signal is transmitted to the PLC controller 33, so that oil enters the inner cavity of the oil cylinder 2 through the oil inlet pipeline 401, the piston plate 5 is pushed to the right, the piston plate 5 drives the power plate 8 through the connecting rod 6, the power plate 8 swings, the pawl 9 is pushed to drive the ratchet wheel 10 to rotate, the bolt in the hexagonal positioning hole 11 is tightened, the operation block 13 is provided with an operation groove 14, the bottom wall of the operation groove 14 is fixedly provided with a micro pneumatic cylinder 15, the inner wall of the operation groove 14 on the side provided with the micro pneumatic cylinder 15 is symmetrically connected with a spring 16, the spring 16 has good telescopic elasticity, the end of the spring 16 is fixed to a push plate 17, the push plate 17 is fixedly provided with a rack 18, the end of the rack 18 away from the push plate 17 is fixedly provided with a top plate 19, the cross section of the top plate 19 is larger than that of the rack 18, so that the top plate 19 can be manually pushed, the side of the top plate 19 close to the clamping groove 131 is fixedly provided with a clamping rod 20, the clamping rod 20 is fixedly provided with a clamping protrusion 21, the rack 18 is meshingly provided with a gear 22, when the rack 18 moves, the gear 22 is driven to rotate, the center of the gear 22 is fixedly provided with a transmission rod 23, the end of the transmission rod 23 away from the gear 22 is fixedly provided with a driving bevel gear 25, so that the gear 22 drives the driving bevel gear 25 to rotate through the transmission rod 23, the driving bevel gear 25 is meshingly provided with a driven bevel gear 26, so that the driving bevel gear 25 can drive the driven bevel gear 26 to rotate, the center of the driven bevel gear 26 is fixedly provided with a first transmission wheel 27, the diameter of the driven bevel gear 26 is larger than that of the first transmission wheel 27, the first transmission wheel 27 is transmissionally connected to a second transmission wheel 29 through a transmission belt 28, so that when the first transmission wheel 27 rotates, the second transmission wheel 29 also rotates under the action of the transmission belt 28, the second transmission wheel 29 is fixedly arranged at the center of a driving wheel 30, the diameter of the second transmission wheel 29 is smaller than that of the driving wheel 30, and the driven bevel gear 26 and the driving wheel 30 are not in contact with each other, the driving wheel 30 is meshingly provided with a hollow rotating wheel 31, the driven bevel gear 26, the driving wheel 30 and the hollow rotating wheel 31 are all hingedly arranged on the side of the wrench body 1, specifically, the bottom centers of the driven bevel gear 26 and the driving wheel 30 are both provided with a hinge rod, the hinge rod can be arranged in a bearing seat, and the bearing seat is fixedly arranged on the side of the wrench body 1, for the hollow rotating wheel 31, a anti-falling guide rail can be arranged on the side of the wrench body 1, so that the hollow rotating wheel 31 can rotate freely, the inner ring of the hollow rotating wheel 31 is fixedly provided with a bolt defect detector 32, in this embodiment,The bolt defect detector 32 is an ultrasonic flaw detector. During the rotation of the hollow rotating wheel 31, the bolt defect detector 32 on the inside can also detect the bolts in all directions, thereby ensuring that the installed bolts have no defects, so that the equipment is more stable, durable and safe.

[0029] The PLC controller 33 is fixedly arranged on the operation block 13, and the reset switch 34 is arranged on the operation block 13. The PLC controller 33 is signal-connected with the micro-cylinder 15, the bolt defect detector 32, the reset switch 34 and other electrical equipment in the device. The PLC controller 33 can control the working state of the electrical equipment. If a defect is detected, the micro-cylinder 15 immediately stops, and the top plate 19 cannot be continuously pushed. At this time, the damaged bolt needs to be removed, and the reset switch 34 is pressed, so that each element returns to the initial position. At this time, the micro-cylinder 15 also extends to the initial position, and then the bolt installation is re-performed.

[0030] Embodiment two:

[0031] A bolt installation device comprises a wrench body 1, an inner groove 101 is arranged in the wrench body 1, an oil cylinder 2 is arranged in the wrench body 1 away from the inner groove 101, a rotating joint 3 is arranged at the top of the wrench body 1 and is used for connecting an oil pipe, an oil inlet pipe 401 and an oil outlet pipe 402 are respectively arranged in communication between the rotating joint 3 and the inner cavity of the oil cylinder 2, a piston plate 5 is movably arranged in the inner cavity of the oil cylinder 2, when oil enters the inner cavity of the oil cylinder 2 through the oil inlet pipe 401, the piston plate 5 is pushed to the right, when oil flows out of the inner cavity of the oil cylinder 2 through the oil outlet pipe 402, the piston plate 5 moves to the left, a connecting rod 6 is fixedly arranged on the side of the piston plate 5 away from the rotating joint 3, a power plate 8 is connected to the end of the connecting rod 6 away from the piston plate 5 through a connecting shaft 7, a driving pawl 9 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the power plate 8, the driving pawl 9 is slidably connected with the gear teeth of a ratchet wheel 10, the driving pawl 9 can drive the ratchet wheel 10 to rotate by a certain angle, a hexagonal positioning hole 11 is arranged in the inner ring of the ratchet wheel 10, the shape of the hexagonal positioning hole 11 is exactly matched with the bolt to be installed, a fixed block is rotatably connected with a check pawl 12 on the side of the ratchet wheel 10 away from the oil cylinder 2 through the inner groove 101, the check pawl 12 is slidably connected with the ratchet wheel 10 in the clockwise direction, and the check pawl 12 can prevent the ratchet wheel 10 from rotating reversely.

[0032] The top of the wrench body 1 is fixedly provided with an operation block 13, the side away from the rotary joint 3 of the operation block 13 is provided with a clamping groove 131, the side wall of the clamping groove 131 is provided with an elastic clamping protrusion 132, the elastic clamping protrusion 132 has a certain elasticity, the function is to block the clamping protrusion 21, and then limit the clamping rod 20, the inner wall of the clamping groove 131 is fixedly provided with a trigger switch 133, when the trigger switch 133 is pressed, the signal will be transmitted to the PLC controller 33, so that the oil enters the oil cylinder 2 through the oil inlet pipeline 401, the piston plate 5 is pushed to the right, the piston plate 5 drives the power plate 8 through the connecting rod 6, the power plate 8 swings, the pawl 9 is pushed to drive the ratchet wheel 10 to rotate, the bolt in the hexagonal positioning hole 11 is tightened, the operation block 13 is provided with an operation slot 14, the bottom wall of the operation slot 14 is fixedly provided with a micro pneumatic cylinder 15, the inner wall of the operation slot 14 on the side provided with the micro pneumatic cylinder 15 is symmetrically connected with a spring 16, the spring 16 has good elastic extension, the end of the spring 16 is fixed to a push plate 17, the push plate 17 is fixedly provided with a rack 18, the end away from the push plate 17 of the rack 18 is fixedly provided with a top plate 19, the cross section of the top plate 19 is larger than that of the rack 18, so that the top plate 19 is conveniently manually pushed, the side close to the clamping groove 131 of the top plate 19 is fixedly provided with a clamping rod 20, the clamping rod 20 is fixedly provided with a clamping protrusion 21, the rack 18 is meshingly provided with a gear 22, when the rack 18 moves, the gear 22 is driven to rotate, the center of the gear 22 is fixedly provided with a transmission rod 23, the side of the wrench body 1 is provided with a circular ring bearing 24, and the transmission rod 23 is hingedly arranged in the circular ring bearing 24, the circular ring bearing 24 is arranged to position the transmission rod 23, and the transmission rod 23 can smoothly rotate at the original place, the end away from the gear 22 of the transmission rod 23 is fixedly provided with a driving bevel gear 25, so that the gear 22 drives the driving bevel gear 25 to rotate through the transmission rod 23, the driving bevel gear 25 and a driven bevel gear 26 are meshingly arranged, so that the driving bevel gear 25 can drive the driven bevel gear 26 to rotate, the center of the driven bevel gear 26 is fixedly provided with a first transmission wheel 27, the diameter of the driven bevel gear 26 is larger than that of the first transmission wheel 27, the first transmission wheel 27 is transmissionally connected to a second transmission wheel 29 through a transmission belt 28, so that when the first transmission wheel 27 rotates, the second transmission wheel 29 also rotates under the action of the transmission belt 28, the second transmission wheel 29 is fixedly arranged at the center of a driving wheel 30, the diameter of the second transmission wheel 29 is smaller than that of the driving wheel 30, and the driven bevel gear 26 and the driving wheel 30 are not in contact with each other, the driving wheel 30 and a hollow rotating wheel 31 are meshingly arranged, the driven bevel gear 26, the driving wheel 30 and the hollow rotating wheel 31 are hingedly arranged on the side of the wrench body 1, specifically, the bottom of the driven bevel gear 26 and the driving wheel 30 is provided with a hinge rod, the hinge rod can be arranged in a bearing seat, and the bearing seat is fixedly arranged on the side of the wrench body 1.For the hollow rotating wheel 31, a anti-off guide rail can be arranged on the side of the wrench body 1, so that the hollow rotating wheel 31 can rotate freely. The inner ring of the hollow rotating wheel 31 is fixedly provided with a bolt defect detector 32. In the embodiment, the bolt defect detector 32 is an optical microscope flaw detector, which can magnify the tiny defects on the bolt and assist in detecting whether the bolt has defects through manual assistance, machine algorithm judgment and the like. During the rotation of the hollow rotating wheel 31, the inner bolt defect detector 32 can also detect the bolt in all directions, thereby ensuring that the installed bolt has no defects, and making the equipment more stable, durable and safe.

[0033] The PLC controller 33 and the reset switch 34 are fixedly arranged on the operation block 13, respectively. The PLC controller 33 and other electrical equipment in the device such as the micro-cylinder 15, the bolt defect detector 32 and the reset switch 34 are all signal connected, which can control the working state of these electrical equipment. If defects are detected, the micro-cylinder 15 will stop immediately, and the top plate 19 cannot be continuously pushed. At this time, the damaged bolt needs to be removed, and then the reset switch 34 is pressed, so that each element returns to the initial position. At this time, the micro-cylinder 15 also extends to the initial position, and then the bolt installation is re-performed.

[0034] A use method of the bolt installation device, comprising the following steps:

[0035] Step one: take the device body, align the hexagonal positioning hole 11 in the inner ring of the ratchet 10 with the outside of the bolt to be installed, and clamp it;

[0036] Step two: push the top plate 19 to the direction of the operation block 13, the top plate 19 drives the rack 18 to move, so that the gear 22 rotates, the gear 22 drives the driving bevel gear 25 to rotate through the transmission rod 23, the driving bevel gear 25 drives the first transmission wheel 27 to rotate through the driven bevel gear 26, the first transmission wheel 27 drives the second transmission wheel 29 to rotate through the transmission belt 28, and then the toggle wheel 30 rotates, finally, the hollow rotating wheel 31 rotates under the action of the toggle wheel 30, in the rotating process, the bolt defect detector 32 detects whether the bolt has defects in real time, the micro air cylinder 15 and the push plate 17 are in abutment in the initial state, if there is no defect, the micro air cylinder 15 retracts at a constant speed, so that the top plate 19 can be further pushed to the operation block 13, until the clamping rod 20 presses the trigger switch 133 in the clamping groove 131, at this time, the outside injects oil into the oil cylinder 2 through the oil inlet pipeline 401, so that the piston plate 5 drives the connecting rod 6 to move outward, the power plate 8 swings, the pawl 9 pushes the ratchet wheel 10 to rotate, and the bolt in the hexagonal positioning hole 11 is tightened; if there is a defect, the micro air cylinder 15 stops immediately, the top plate 19 cannot be further pushed, at this time, the damaged bolt needs to be removed, and the reset switch 34 is pressed again, so that each element returns to the initial position, at this time, the micro air cylinder 15 also extends to the initial position, then the bolt is reinstalled, and the reliability of the installed bolt is ensured, so that the equipment runs more safely.

[0037] Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it is to be understood that various modifications, substitutions, replacements and changes can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for using a bolt installation device, characterized in that: the bolt installation device comprises a wrench body, an inner groove is formed in the wrench body, an oil cylinder is embedded in the side of the wrench body away from the inner groove, a rotary joint is arranged on the top of the wrench body, an oil inlet pipeline and an oil outlet pipeline are respectively arranged in communication between the rotary joint and the inner cavity of the oil cylinder, a piston plate is movably arranged in the inner cavity of the oil cylinder, a connecting rod is fixedly arranged on the piston plate, a power plate is connected to the end of the connecting rod away from the piston plate through a connecting shaft, a driving pawl is rotatably connected to the side wall of the power plate, the driving pawl is slidably connected with the teeth of a ratchet wheel, a hexagonal positioning hole is formed in the inner ring of the ratchet wheel; an operating block is fixedly arranged on the top of the wrench body, a clamping groove is formed in the side of the operating block away from the rotary joint, an elastic clamping protrusion is arranged on the side wall of the clamping groove, a trigger switch is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the clamping groove, an operating groove is formed in the operating block, a miniature air cylinder is fixedly arranged on the bottom wall of the operating groove, springs are symmetrically connected and arranged on the inner wall of the operating groove on the side where the miniature air cylinder is arranged, the ends of the springs are fixed to a pushing plate, a rack is fixedly arranged on the pushing plate, a top plate is fixedly arranged at the end of the rack away from the pushing plate, a clamping rod is fixedly arranged on the side of the top plate close to the clamping groove, a clamping protrusion is fixedly arranged on the clamping rod, a gear is meshingly arranged on the rack, a transmission rod is fixedly arranged at the center of the gear, a driving bevel gear is fixedly arranged at the end of the transmission rod away from the gear, the driving bevel gear is meshingly arranged with a driven bevel gear, a first transmission wheel is fixedly arranged at the center of the driven bevel gear, the first transmission wheel is drivingly connected to a second transmission wheel through a transmission belt, the second transmission wheel is fixedly arranged at the center of a driving wheel, the driving wheel is meshingly arranged with a hollow rotating wheel, the driven bevel gear, the driving wheel and the hollow rotating wheel are all hingedly arranged on the side of the wrench body, and a bolt defect detector is fixedly arranged in the inner ring of the hollow rotating wheel; a PLC controller and a reset switch are fixedly arranged on the operating block, respectively; the method comprises the following steps: step one: taking the device body, aligning the hexagonal positioning hole in the inner ring of the ratchet wheel with the outside of the bolt to be installed, and clamping it; step two: pushing the top plate towards the operating block to make the hollow rotating wheel outside the bolt rotate, in the process of rotation, the bolt defect detector detects whether there is a defect in the bolt in real time, the initial state of the miniature air cylinder and the pushing plate abuts, if there is no defect, the miniature air cylinder uniformly retracts, the top plate can be further pushed towards the operating block, until the clamping rod presses the trigger switch, oil is injected into the oil cylinder through the oil inlet pipeline, the piston plate drives the connecting rod to move outward, the power plate swings, the driving pawl drives the ratchet wheel to rotate, and the bolt in the hexagonal positioning hole is tightened; if there is a defect, the miniature air cylinder stops immediately, the top plate cannot be further pushed, at this time, the damaged bolt needs to be removed, the reset switch is pressed, all elements return to the initial position, and then the bolt installation is performed again. ​ 2. A method of using a bolt-down apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner groove is located on the side of the ratchet away from the oil cylinder and is rotationally connected with a check pawl through a fixed block, and the check pawl is slidably connected with the ratchet in clockwise direction.

3. A method of using a bolt-down apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein: The side surface of the wrench body is provided with a circular ring bearing, and the transmission rod is hingedly arranged through the circular ring bearing.

4. The method of using a bolt-down apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The bolt defect detector is any one of an ultrasonic flaw detector and an optical microscope flaw detector.

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