A fuel cell vehicle integrated thermal management system

Abstract

The application discloses a fuel cell vehicle integrated heat management system, comprising: a first circulation loop, comprising a first PTC and a stack, the first PTC is used for heating the stack; a second circulation loop, comprising a second PTC and a heater, the second PTC is used for heating a passenger cabin; a third circulation loop, comprising a battery and a plate heat exchanger, the plate heat exchanger is connected with the second circulation loop for battery heat exchange; a fourth circulation loop, used for circulating heat dissipation of an electric drive system; a fifth circulation loop, comprising an outdoor condenser and an evaporator, used for refrigerating the passenger cabin, and the fifth circulation loop is connected with the fourth circulation loop through a cooler heat exchange. The three heat management systems are integrated together, the waste heat of the stack and the electric drive is fully utilized, the energy consumption of the whole vehicle is reduced, energy saving and environmental protection are achieved, and the product competitiveness is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of fuel cell technology, and more particularly, to a fuel cell vehicle integrated thermal management system. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the increasingly serious energy and environmental problems, major automobile enterprises have focused on the development of new energy vehicles. Among them, hydrogen fuel cell vehicles are a kind of new energy vehicles that are currently very popular. The principle is that hydrogen and oxygen produce electrochemical reactions under the action of a catalyst to output electric energy, which is used to drive the motor to run and drive the vehicle to travel. Excess electric energy can be stored in the power battery. The product emitted by the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle is water, which is environmentally friendly and can also solve the range anxiety caused by pure electric vehicles.

[0003] However, there are still some problems in the application of hydrogen fuel cell technology in practical production, especially in the aspect of vehicle thermal management. Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles generate a large amount of heat during operation, and about 95% of the generated heat is dissipated through the cooling liquid. The current fuel cell vehicle thermal management system is three independent subsystems: fuel cell cooling system, electric drive cooling system, and power battery cooling system. There is no energy utilization between these three subsystems, resulting in high vehicle energy consumption and seriously affecting the vehicle economy.

[0004] Therefore, how to provide a system that can effectively realize multiple modes of thermal management has become a technical problem that needs to be solved in the field. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a fuel cell vehicle integrated thermal management system, which controls the opening and closing positions of the three-way valve through a suitable control strategy to realize multiple modes of thermal management, fully utilizes the waste heat generated by the electric pile and the electric drive during driving, reduces the use power of the passenger compartment PTC and the battery heating PTC, and achieves the purpose of reducing the vehicle energy consumption.

[0006] According to one aspect of the present application, a fuel cell vehicle integrated thermal management system is provided, comprising:

[0007] A first circulation loop comprising a first PTC and an electric pile, the first PTC being used to heat the electric pile;

[0008] A second circulation loop comprising a second PTC and a heater, the second PTC being used to heat the passenger compartment; and the first circulation loop and the first circulation loop being connected through a first three-way valve to control the communication and disconnection between the first circulation loop and the second circulation loop;

[0009] A third circulation loop comprising a battery and a plate heat exchanger connected with the second circulation loop for battery heat exchange; and a second three-way valve is further arranged between the heater and the plate heat exchanger, and another outlet of the second three-way valve is connected with the first three-way valve to control the connection and disconnection between the second circulation loop and the third circulation loop.

[0010] A fourth circulation loop for electric drive system heat dissipation; and a fourth three-way valve and a fifth three-way valve are further arranged on the fourth circulation loop, and a radiator and a kettle are connected through the fourth three-way valve to realize electric drive system heat dissipation through the radiator.

[0011] A third three-way valve is further arranged on the third circulation loop, and another outlet of the third three-way valve is connected with the fourth three-way valve and the fifth three-way valve to control the electric drive system or the radiator to dissipate heat of the battery.

[0012] A fifth circulation loop comprising an outdoor condenser and an evaporator for passenger cabin refrigeration, and the fifth circulation loop is connected with the fourth circulation loop through a cooler heat exchange.

[0013] Optionally, the fuel cell vehicle integrated thermal management system according to the present application, a first water pump is arranged in the first circulation loop, and the first water pump is used for electric pile heat dissipation.

[0014] Optionally, the fuel cell vehicle integrated thermal management system according to the present application, a deionizer is further connected in parallel in the first circulation loop, and the deionizer is used for reducing ion content of the cooling liquid in the first circulation loop.

[0015] Optionally, the fuel cell vehicle integrated thermal management system according to the present application, an electric pile radiator and a thermostat are further connected in parallel in the first circulation loop, when the electric pile temperature is too high, the first PTC stops running, and the electric pile radiator and the thermostat can quickly dissipate heat of the electric pile.

[0016] Optionally, the fuel cell vehicle integrated thermal management system according to the present application, a second water pump is arranged in the second circulation loop, and the second water pump is arranged between the first three-way valve and the second PTC.

[0017] Optionally, the fuel cell vehicle integrated thermal management system according to the present application, a third water pump is arranged in the third circulation loop, and the third water pump is arranged between the battery and the third three-way valve.

[0018] Optionally, the fuel cell vehicle integrated thermal management system according to the present application, a fourth water pump and an air compressor are arranged in the fourth circulation loop, and the air compressor and the fourth water pump are sequentially arranged between the electric drive system and the fourth three-way valve.

[0019] Optionally, according to the fuel cell vehicle integrated thermal management system, the fifth circulating loop is provided with a first expansion valve and a second expansion valve in parallel, the first expansion valve is connected with the evaporator and used for air conditioning refrigeration, and a compressor is further arranged between the evaporator and the outdoor condenser; the second expansion valve is connected with the cooler in heat exchange and used for refrigeration and heat dissipation of the fourth circulating loop.

[0020] The two three-way valves are used for connecting the stack cooling loop, the passenger cabin heating loop and the battery heating loop, and the passenger cabin and the battery are heated by the waste heat of the stack. The three three-way valves are used for connecting the electric drive loop and the battery loop, and the battery is heated by the waste heat of the electric drive or naturally cooled by the electric drive radiator. The stack cooling loop, the passenger cabin heating / cooling loop, the battery heating / cooling loop and the electric drive cooling loop are integrated by the multiple three-way valves and the plate heat exchanger. The battery thermal management has multiple modes, including stack waste heat recovery, electric drive waste heat recovery, self-circulation heat preservation mode, natural cooling through the electric drive radiator and strong cooling by the air conditioning system. The system waste heat is fully utilized, and the battery temperature is flexibly controlled. The three thermal management systems are integrated, the waste heat of the stack and the electric drive is fully utilized, the energy consumption of the whole vehicle is reduced, the energy saving and environmental protection are achieved, and the product competitiveness is improved.

[0021] Other features of the present application, and their advantages, will become apparent from the following detailed description of illustrative embodiments of the present application, with reference to the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application.

[0023] Figure 1 Structure schematic diagram of the fuel cell vehicle integrated thermal management system disclosed by the present application;

[0024] Figure 2 Principle schematic diagram of cold start of the present application in low temperature environment;

[0025] Figure 3 Principle schematic diagram of driving of the present application in low temperature environment;

[0026] Figure 4 Principle schematic diagram of pure electric driving of the present application in low temperature environment;

[0027] Figure 5 Principle schematic diagram of hot start of the present application in high temperature environment;

[0028] Figure 6 Principle schematic diagram of driving of the present application in high temperature environment;

[0029] Figure 7 Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the present application after long time driving in high temperature environment.

[0030] Reference signs: 1 - first three-way valve; 2 - second three-way valve; 3 - third three-way valve; 4 - fourth three-way valve; 5 - fifth three-way valve; 6 - first expansion valve; 7 - second expansion valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] Various exemplary embodiments of the present application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the relative arrangement of components and steps, numerical expressions, and numerical values set forth in these embodiments are not limiting to the scope of the present application unless otherwise specifically stated.

[0032] The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the scope of the application, its application, or uses.

[0033] Techniques, methods, and devices known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art can not be discussed in detail herein. However, the techniques, methods, and devices are further explained in connection with the description of the exemplary embodiments.

[0034] In all of the examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be interpreted as merely exemplary, and not as a limitation. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments can have different values.

[0035] It should be noted that like references and characters herein relate to like items throughout the figures, and once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be discussed further in subsequent figures.

[0036] According to Figure 1 As shown, the present application provides a fuel cell vehicle integrated thermal management system, comprising:

[0037] a first circulation loop comprising a first PTC and a stack, the first PTC being used to heat the stack;

[0038] a second circulation loop comprising a second PTC and a heater, the second PTC being used to heat a passenger cabin; and the first circulation loop and the second circulation loop being connected through a first three-way valve 1 to control the communication and disconnection between the first circulation loop and the second circulation loop;

[0039] A third circulation loop comprising a battery and a plate heat exchanger connected with the second circulation loop for battery heat exchange, and a second three-way valve 2 is further arranged between the heater and the plate heat exchanger, and the other outlet of the second three-way valve 2 is connected with the first three-way valve 1 to control the communication and disconnection between the second circulation loop and the third circulation loop.

[0040] A fourth circulation loop for electric drive system heat dissipation, and a fourth three-way valve 4 and a fifth three-way valve 5 are further arranged on the fourth circulation loop, and a radiator and a kettle are connected through the fourth three-way valve 4 to realize electric drive system heat dissipation through the radiator.

[0041] A third three-way valve 3 is further arranged on the third circulation loop, and the other outlet of the third three-way valve 3 is connected with the fourth three-way valve 4 and the fifth three-way valve 5 to control the electric drive system or the radiator to dissipate heat of the battery.

[0042] A fifth circulation loop comprising an outdoor condenser and an evaporator for passenger cabin refrigeration, and the fifth circulation loop is connected with the fourth circulation loop through a cooler heat exchange.

[0043] The application connects the electric pile cooling loop, the passenger cabin heating loop and the battery heating loop through two three-way valves, and heats the passenger cabin and the battery by using the waste heat of the electric pile. The application connects the electric drive loop and the battery loop through three three-way valves, and heats or naturally dissipates heat of the battery by using the waste heat of the electric drive. The application integrates the three heat management systems, fully utilizes the waste heat of the electric pile and the electric drive, reduces the energy consumption of the whole vehicle, saves energy and protects the environment, and improves the product competitiveness.

[0044] Further, a first water pump is arranged in the first circulation loop, and the first water pump is used for electric pile heat dissipation.

[0045] Further, a deionizer is further connected in parallel in the first circulation loop, and the deionizer is used for reducing the ion content of the cooling liquid in the first circulation loop.

[0046] Further, the first circulation loop is further connected in parallel with an electric pile radiator and a thermostat, when the temperature of the electric pile is too high, the first PTC stops running, and the electric pile radiator and the thermostat can quickly dissipate heat of the electric pile.

[0047] Further, a second water pump is arranged in the second circulation loop, and the second water pump is arranged between the first three-way valve 1 and the second PTC.

[0048] Further, a third water pump is arranged in the third circulation loop, and the third water pump is arranged between the battery and the third three-way valve 3.

[0049] Further, a fourth water pump and an air compressor are arranged in the fourth circulation loop, and the air compressor and the fourth water pump are sequentially arranged between the electric drive system and the fourth three-way valve 4.

[0050] Further, the fifth circulation loop is connected in parallel with a first expansion valve 6 and a second expansion valve 7, the first expansion valve 6 is connected with the evaporator and used for air conditioning refrigeration, and a compressor is further arranged between the evaporator and the outdoor condenser; the second expansion valve 7 is connected with the cooler for refrigeration heat dissipation of the fourth circulation loop.

[0051] According to Figure 2 As shown in the figure, it is a principle diagram of cold start of the application in a low-temperature environment. When cold starting in a low-temperature environment, the first PTC is used to heat the hydrogen stack, the opening of the first three-way valve 1, the second three-way valve 2 and the third three-way valve 3 is controlled by the VCU, the first circulation loop and the second circulation loop are disconnected, the second circulation loop is connected with the third circulation loop through the plate heat exchanger, and the second PTC is used to heat the passenger compartment and the battery. The opening of the fourth three-way valve 4 and the fifth three-way valve 5 is controlled by the VCU, the third circulation loop and the fourth circulation loop are disconnected, the electric drive loop is in small circulation, and the heat is dissipated naturally. At this time, the electric drive system has less waste heat, which is insufficient to heat the battery, and the fifth circulation loop is not started.

[0052] According to Figure 3 As shown in the figure, it is a principle diagram of driving of the application in a low-temperature environment. After driving in a low-temperature environment for a period of time, the temperature of the hydrogen stack rises, the second PTC is closed, the thermostat has not been opened, and the hydrogen stack is heat dissipated through small circulation. The opening of the first three-way valve 1, the second three-way valve 2 and the third three-way valve 3 is controlled by the VCU, the first circulation loop and the second circulation loop are connected, the second circulation loop is connected with the third circulation loop through the plate heat exchanger, and the hydrogen stack waste heat is used to heat the passenger compartment and the battery. The opening of the fourth three-way valve 4 and the fifth three-way valve 5 is controlled by the VCU, the third circulation loop and the fourth circulation loop are disconnected, the electric drive loop is in small circulation, and the heat is dissipated naturally.

[0053] According to Figure 4 As shown in the figure, it is a principle diagram of pure electric driving of the application in a low-temperature environment. When the hydrogen supply is insufficient and the battery has high power, the hydrogen stack does not work, and the battery is used for pure electric driving. At this time, the first circulation loop stops running, and the battery no longer needs to be heated, the second three-way valve 2 is disconnected with the plate heat exchanger and connected with the first three-way valve 1, the second circulation loop itself realizes circulation, and the PTC is used for passenger compartment heating. The opening of the third three-way valve 3, the fourth three-way valve 4 and the fifth three-way valve 5 is controlled by the VCU, and the battery is heated by the electric drive waste heat.

[0054] According to Figure 5As shown in the figure, it is a schematic diagram of the principle of the application in a high-temperature environment. After starting in a high-temperature environment, the temperature of the stack rises quickly, the thermostat opens, and the stack is cooled through the stack radiator. By controlling the openings of the third three-way valve 3, the fourth three-way valve 4, and the fifth three-way valve 5, the third circulation loop and the fourth circulation loop are disconnected, and the battery loop and the electric drive loop are internally circulated and kept warm. The fifth circulation loop is opened, the first expansion valve 6 is opened, and the passenger cabin air conditioner is refrigerated. At this time, the second PTC no longer works, that is, the second circulation loop stops running.

[0055] According to Figure 6 As shown in the figure, it is a schematic diagram of the principle of the application in a high-temperature environment. After starting in a high-temperature environment, the temperature of the stack rises quickly, the thermostat opens, and the stack is cooled through the stack radiator. By controlling the openings of the third three-way valve 3, the fourth three-way valve 4, and the fifth three-way valve 5, the third circulation loop and the fourth circulation loop are disconnected, and the battery loop and the electric drive loop are internally circulated and kept warm. The fifth circulation loop is opened, the first expansion valve 6 is opened, and the passenger cabin air conditioner is refrigerated. At this time, the second PTC no longer works, that is, the second circulation loop stops running.

[0056] According to Figure 7 As shown in the figure, it is a schematic diagram of the principle of the application in a high-temperature environment. After starting in a high-temperature environment, the temperature of the stack rises quickly, the thermostat opens, and the stack is cooled through the stack radiator. By controlling the openings of the third three-way valve 3, the fourth three-way valve 4, and the fifth three-way valve 5, the third circulation loop and the fourth circulation loop are disconnected, and the battery loop and the electric drive loop are internally circulated and kept warm. The fifth circulation loop is opened, the first expansion valve 6 is opened, and the passenger cabin air conditioner is refrigerated. At this time, the second PTC no longer works, that is, the second circulation loop stops running.

[0057] The application integrates the stack cooling circuit, the passenger cabin heating / cooling circuit, the battery heating / cooling circuit, and the electric drive cooling circuit through multiple three-way valves and plate heat exchangers. The battery thermal management has multiple modes - stack waste heat recovery, electric drive waste heat recovery, self-circulation and temperature preservation mode, natural cooling through the electric drive radiator, and strong cooling using the air conditioning system. The system waste heat is fully utilized, and the battery temperature is flexibly controlled.

[0058] Although some specific embodiments of the application have been described in detail by examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the above examples are only for illustration, not for limiting the scope of the application. Those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments can be modified without departing from the scope and spirit of the application. The scope of the application is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A fuel cell vehicle integrated thermal management system, characterized by, The application relates to a circulating system for a vehicle, which comprises: a first circulating loop comprising a first PTC and a stack, wherein the first PTC is used to heat the stack; the first circulating loop is further connected in parallel with a stack radiator and a thermostat, wherein the first PTC stops running when the temperature of the stack is too high, and the stack radiator and the thermostat can realize large circulating heat dissipation of the stack and quickly dissipate heat of the stack; a second circulating loop comprising a second PTC and a heater, wherein the second PTC is used to heat the passenger cabin; and the first circulating loop is connected with the first circulating loop through a first three-way valve to control the connection and disconnection between the first circulating loop and the second circulating loop; a third circulating loop comprising a battery and a plate heat exchanger, wherein the plate heat exchanger is connected with the second circulating loop to heat the battery; and a second three-way valve is further arranged between the heater and the plate heat exchanger, and the other outlet of the second three-way valve is connected with the first three-way valve to control the connection and disconnection between the second circulating loop and the third circulating loop; a fourth circulating loop for circulating heat dissipation of an electric drive system; a fourth three-way valve and a fifth three-way valve are further arranged on the fourth circulating loop, and a radiator and a kettle are connected with the fourth three-way valve to realize heat dissipation of the electric drive system through the radiator; a third three-way valve is further arranged on the third circulating loop, and the other outlet of the third three-way valve is connected with the fourth three-way valve and the fifth three-way valve to control the electric drive system or the radiator to dissipate heat of the battery; a fifth circulating loop comprising an outdoor condenser and an evaporator, which is used to refrigerate the passenger cabin, and the fifth circulating loop is connected with the fourth circulating loop through a cooler heat exchanger; the fifth circulating loop is connected in parallel with a first expansion valve and a second expansion valve, the first expansion valve is connected with the evaporator and is used to refrigerate the air conditioner, and a compressor is further arranged between the evaporator and the outdoor condenser; the second expansion valve is connected with the cooler heat exchanger and is used to refrigerate and dissipate heat of the fourth circulating loop; during high-temperature driving, the temperature of the battery has not reached the cooling requirement, the first circulating loop realizes large circulating heat dissipation of the stack through the stack radiator, the opening of the third three-way valve, the fourth three-way valve and the fifth three-way valve is controlled, the fourth three-way valve is connected with the radiator and the kettle, the third three-way valve is connected with the fifth three-way valve, the fifth three-way valve is connected on the branch where the fourth three-way valve is connected with the kettle, the battery circuit realizes natural heat dissipation through the radiator, the fifth circulating loop is continuously opened, the first expansion valve is opened, and the air conditioner of the passenger cabin is refrigerated. After high-temperature long-time driving, the first circulation loop still realizes the large circulation heat dissipation of the stack through the stack radiator. When the temperature of the battery is too high, the first expansion valve and the second expansion valve are both opened. On the basis of the refrigeration of the passenger cabin air conditioner, the openings of the third three-way valve, the fourth three-way valve and the fifth three-way valve are controlled, so that the fourth three-way valve is communicated with the radiator and the kettle, the third three-way valve is communicated with the fifth three-way valve, and the fifth three-way valve is connected with the cooler. The battery is strongly cooled by the air conditioning system, and the electric drive system is cooled by the radiator.

2. The fuel cell vehicle integrated thermal management system of claim 1, wherein, The first circulation loop is provided with a first water pump for stack heat dissipation.

3. The fuel cell vehicle integrated thermal management system of claim 2, wherein, The first circulation loop is also provided with a deionizer in parallel, which is used to reduce the ion content of the cooling liquid in the first circulation loop.

4. The fuel cell vehicle integrated thermal management system of claim 1, wherein, The second circulation loop is provided with a second water pump, which is arranged between the first three-way valve and the second PTC.

5. The fuel cell vehicle integrated thermal management system of claim 1, wherein, The third circulation loop is provided with a third water pump, which is arranged between the battery and the third three-way valve.

6. The fuel cell vehicle integrated thermal management system of claim 1, wherein, The fourth circulation loop is provided with a fourth water pump and an air compressor, and the air compressor and the fourth water pump are arranged between the electric drive system and the fourth three-way valve in sequence.

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