A hemp fiber-based composite fabric sound-absorbing material and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to a hemp fiber-based composite fabric sound-absorbing material and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the field of textile materials.The present application comprises a radial hemp fiber-based composite three-strand braid and a weft PP melt-blown cloth strip, the hemp fiber-based composite three-strand braid is woven by a hemp fiber-based composite non-woven cloth strip and two PP melt-blown cloth strips through a three-strand braid mode; the hemp fiber-based composite non-woven cloth is made of hemp fibers, hollow polyester fibers and low-melting-point 4080 through an air-laid process and a hot air bonding process; the radial and weft directions are woven in a plain weave mode to form an integral whole, and the hemp fiber-based composite fabric sound-absorbing material is prepared.The present application effectively solves the problems of low utilization rate of hemp fibers, poor mechanical tensile resistance and limited durability in the existing sound-absorbing materials.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of textile materials, in particular to a hemp fiber-based composite fabric sound-absorbing material and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Hemp fiber is a natural cellulose fiber, and its unique central cavity structure connected with the vertical lines on the fiber surface endows hemp fiber with excellent sound-absorbing performance, which is suitable for various sound-absorbing and noise-reducing occasions, such as buildings, automobiles, office electronic equipment, aerospace, etc., and has good application potential.

[0003] Hemp fiber has high modulus and poor cohesion, resulting in unsatisfactory spinnability and low utilization in traditional textile fields. Through non-woven processes such as air laying and thermal bonding, hemp fiber-based composite non-woven materials with high mass blending ratio can be prepared, and they have the characteristics of porosity, softness, bulkiness, and large porosity, which belong to a typical porous sound-absorbing material. However, the mechanical tensile properties of hemp fiber-based composite non-woven materials are not satisfactory, which greatly limits their practical application fields.

[0004] How to manufacture sound-absorbing materials with high utilization of hemp fiber and suitable mechanical tensile properties on the basis of good sound-absorbing performance and low cost is a problem to be solved at present. Therefore, it is of great significance to provide a hemp fiber-based composite fabric sound-absorbing material and a preparation method thereof to solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides a hemp fiber-based composite fabric sound-absorbing material and a preparation method thereof, which effectively solves the problems of low utilization of hemp fiber, poor mechanical tensile resistance, and limited durability in sound-absorbing materials.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present application is realized by the following technical scheme:

[0007] The hemp fiber-based composite fabric sound-absorbing material of the present application comprises a radial hemp fiber-based composite three-strand braid and a weft PP melt-blown cloth strip, and the hemp fiber-based composite three-strand braid is woven by a hemp fiber-based composite non-woven cloth strip and two PP melt-blown cloth strips through a three-strand braid method.

[0008] The hemp fiber-based composite non-woven cloth is made of hemp fiber, hollow polyester fiber, and low-melting-point 4080 through air laying and thermal bonding processes;

[0009] The radial and weft directions are woven in a plain weave to form an integral body.

[0010] Further, the hemp fiber-based composite non-woven cloth has a mass per unit area of 150-250 g / m 2The hemp fiber-based composite non-woven fabric is a porous material with a thickness of 2.5-4.0 mm.

[0011] Further, the PP melt-blown fabric is a porous material with an area density of 20-50 g / m 2 The PP melt-blown fabric is a porous material with a thickness of 0.2-0.4 mm, which can be purchased on the market.

[0012] Further, the hemp fiber in the hemp fiber-based composite non-woven fabric has a diameter of 1.5-2.0 dtex and a length of 35-45 mm, which can be purchased on the market.

[0013] Further, the hollow polyester fiber in the hemp fiber-based composite non-woven fabric has a diameter of 2.5-3.5 dtex and a length of 50-75 mm, and has good mechanical properties and sound absorption properties, which can be purchased on the market.

[0014] Further, the low-melting-point 4080 in the hemp fiber-based composite non-woven fabric is a polyester fiber with a core-sheath structure, and the core layer and the sheath layer are conventional polyester and low-melting-point polyester, respectively. It is a kind of double-component structure hot melt medium, and the fiber has a diameter of 2.5-3.5 dtex and a length of 50-75 mm, which can be purchased on the market.

[0015] A preparation method of a hemp fiber-based composite fabric sound-absorbing material, comprising the following steps:

[0016] S01, uniformly mix hemp fiber, hollow polyester fiber and low-melting-point 4080, and prepare a three-dimensional randomly arranged air-laid hemp fiber-based composite fiber web through processes such as rough opening, large cotton box mixing, fine opening, air pressure cotton box mixing and air-laying.

[0017] S02, hot air bonding the air-laid hemp fiber-based composite fiber web to prepare a three-dimensional porous hemp fiber-based composite non-woven fabric with certain strength and structural stability.

[0018] S03, cutting the hemp fiber-based composite non-woven fabric into strips and weaving with two PP melt-blown fabric strips to form a hemp fiber-based composite three-strand braid.

[0019] S04, weaving the hemp fiber-based composite three-strand braid as the radial direction and the PP melt-blown fabric strip as the weft direction to form a hemp fiber-based composite fabric with a plain weave structure.

[0020] Specifically, in step S01, the total mass of the fiber raw material is 1-3 kg, the blending ratio of hemp fiber is 40-80 wt%, and the mass blending ratio of hollow polyester fiber and low-melting-point 4080 is 1:(0.1-10).

[0021] Specifically, in step S02, the hot air bonding temperature is 100-150℃.

[0022] Specifically, in step S03, the hemp fiber-based composite non-woven fabric strip has a width of 0.5-2.0 cm, the PP melt-blown fabric strip has a width of 0.5-2.0 cm, and the three-strand braiding cycle number is 5-20.

[0023] Specifically, in step S04, the PP melt-blown fabric strip has a width of 0.5-2.0 cm, the warp density is 5-20 strands / 10 cm, and the weft density is 5-20 strands / 10 cm.

[0024] The present application has the following benefits:

[0025] The hemp fiber-based composite fabric sound-absorbing material is obtained by braiding the hemp fiber-based composite non-woven fabric and two PP melt-blown fabric strips to form a hemp fiber-based composite three-strand braid, and then braiding the hemp fiber-based composite three-strand braid and the PP melt-blown fabric strip in a plain weave manner to form an integral body. After processing, the material has the characteristics of high porosity and stable structure, can enhance the reflection of sound waves in the material, and promote the vibration, friction and collision between the sound waves and the fibers, effectively converts the sound energy into mechanical energy, and improves the sound absorption and noise reduction performance of the material. In addition, due to the high content of hemp fibers and excellent mechanical tensile properties, the product has a broad application prospect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below only show some embodiments of the present application, and should not be considered as a limitation to the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained without creative labor.

[0027] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a hemp fiber-based composite fabric sound-absorbing material of the present application;

[0028] Figure 2 is Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a radial hemp fiber-based composite three-strand braid in the present application;

[0029] Figure 3 is a whole step diagram of a preparation method of a hemp fiber-based composite fabric sound-absorbing material of the present application;

[0030] Figure 4 is Figure 3 is a preparation process flow diagram of a hemp fiber-based composite non-woven fabric in steps S01 and S02;

[0031] Figure 5Figure 1 is a comparison chart of sound absorption performance of the hemp fiber-based composite fabric sound absorption material prepared by the three-strand braiding method in examples 3, 4 and 5 and the hemp fiber-based composite fabric sound absorption material prepared by the three-strand braiding method in comparative example 1.

[0032] Reference signs:

[0033] Hemp fiber-based composite non-woven fabric strip 1, PP melt-blown fabric strip 2, PP melt-blown fabric strip 3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The hemp fiber-based composite fabric sound absorption material provided by the application comprises a radial hemp fiber-based composite three-strand braid and a weft PP melt-blown fabric strip, the hemp fiber-based composite three-strand braid is woven by a hemp fiber-based composite non-woven fabric strip and two PP melt-blown fabric strips through the three-strand braiding method; the radial and weft directions are woven in a plain weave manner to form an integral whole, thereby obtaining the hemp fiber-based composite fabric sound absorption material.

[0035] The fiber raw material for the hemp fiber-based composite non-woven fabric of the application is hemp fiber, hollow polyester fiber and low-melting-point 4080, wherein the hemp fiber can also be other waste recycled or less utilized natural fibers in the textile field, such as ramie waste, flax waste, jute, kenaf and other fibers with natural cavities and surface vertical lines, but is not limited to these, the hollow polyester fiber can also be other hollow synthetic fibers, such as polypropylene, polyamide, acrylic and the like, but is not limited to these, and the low-melting-point 4080 can also be other bi-component hot-melt fibers, such as ES fiber, but is not limited to these. The reinforcing method of the hemp fiber-based composite non-woven fabric is hot-air bonding, which can also be water-jet bonding, chemical bonding, hot-rolling bonding, but is not limited to these.

[0036] The fiber raw material of the PP melt-blown fabric of the application can also be one or more of textile fibers, such as polyester, polyethylene, polyamide and the like, but is not limited to these, the web-forming method can also be spinning web-forming, dry web-forming, wet web-forming, but is not limited to these, and the reinforcing method can also be needle punching, water-jet bonding, chemical bonding, hot-rolling bonding, hot-air bonding, but is not limited to these.

[0037] The radial material of the application is a hemp fiber-based composite three-strand braid, which can also be woven in a two-strand braid, four-strand braid, five-strand braid and the like, but is not limited to these.

[0038] The hemp fiber-based composite fabric of the application is in a plain weave structure, which can also be in a twill weave, satin weave and the like, but is not limited to these.

[0039] The technical solutions of the present application will be clearly and completely described below through specific implementation methods. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, not all. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0040] Embodiment 1

[0041] A hemp fiber-based composite fabric sound-absorbing material, such as Figure 2 A structural schematic diagram of a composite fabric, comprising radial hemp fiber-based composite three-strand braids and weft PP melt-blown cloth strips, the radial hemp fiber-based composite three-strand braids and the weft PP melt-blown cloth strips are woven by means of plain weave to form a hemp fiber-based composite fabric sound-absorbing material, wherein the total mass of fiber raw materials is 1 kg, hemp fiber accounts for 50 wt%, hollow polyester fiber accounts for 40 wt%, low-melting-point 4080 accounts for 10 wt%, hot-air bonding temperature is 100℃, the width of the hemp fiber-based composite non-woven cloth strip is 1.5 cm, the width of the PP melt-blown cloth strip in the three-strand braid is 0.5 cm, the weaving cycle number of the three-strand braid is 8, the width of the weft PP melt-blown cloth strip is 1.0 cm, the warp density is 12 roots / 10 cm, and the weft density is 10 roots / cm.

[0042] Embodiment 2

[0043] A hemp fiber-based composite fabric sound-absorbing material, such as Figure 2 A structural schematic diagram of a composite fabric, comprising radial hemp fiber-based composite three-strand braids and weft PP melt-blown cloth strips, the radial hemp fiber-based composite three-strand braids and the weft PP melt-blown cloth strips are woven by means of plain weave to form a hemp fiber-based composite fabric sound-absorbing material, wherein the total mass of fiber raw materials is 1 kg, hemp fiber accounts for 50 wt%, hollow polyester fiber accounts for 30 wt%, low-melting-point 4080 accounts for 20 wt%, hot-air bonding temperature is 110℃, the width of the hemp fiber-based composite non-woven cloth strip is 1.2 cm, the width of the PP melt-blown cloth strip in the three-strand braid is 0.5 cm, the weaving cycle number of the three-strand braid is 10, the width of the weft PP melt-blown cloth strip is 1.0 cm, the warp density is 11 roots / 10 cm, and the weft density is 10 roots / cm.

[0044] Embodiment 3

[0045] A hemp fiber-based composite fabric sound-absorbing material, such as Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the composite fabric structure, including radial hemp fiber-based composite three-strand braids and weft PP meltblown fabric strips. The radial hemp fiber-based composite three-strand braids and weft PP meltblown fabric strips are woven in a plain weave to form a hemp fiber-based composite fabric sound-absorbing material. The total mass of the fiber raw materials is 1 kg, with hemp fiber accounting for 50 wt%, hollow polyester fiber accounting for 20 wt%, and low melting point 4080 accounting for 30 wt%. The hot air bonding temperature is 125℃. The width of the hemp fiber-based composite nonwoven fabric strip is 1.0 cm. The width of the PP meltblown fabric strips in the three-strand braids is 0.5 cm. The number of braid cycles is 10. The width of the weft PP meltblown fabric strip is 1.0 cm. The warp density is 10 strands / 10 cm, and the weft density is 10 strands / cm.

[0046] Example 4

[0047] A hemp fiber-based composite fabric sound-absorbing material, such as Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the composite fabric structure, including radial hemp fiber-based composite three-strand braids and weft PP meltblown fabric strips. The radial hemp fiber-based composite three-strand braids and weft PP meltblown fabric strips are woven in a plain weave to form a hemp fiber-based composite fabric sound-absorbing material. The total mass of the fiber raw materials is 1 kg, with hemp fiber accounting for 50 wt%, hollow polyester fiber accounting for 20 wt%, and low melting point 4080 accounting for 30 wt%. The hot air bonding temperature is 125℃. The width of the hemp fiber-based composite nonwoven fabric strip is 1.0 cm. The width of the PP meltblown fabric strips in the three-strand braids is 0.5 cm. The number of braid cycles is 12. The width of the weft PP meltblown fabric strip is 1.0 cm. The warp density is 10 strands / 10 cm, and the weft density is 10 strands / cm.

[0048] Example 5

[0049] A hemp fiber-based composite fabric sound-absorbing material, such as Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the composite fabric structure, including radial hemp fiber-based composite three-strand braids and weft PP meltblown fabric strips. The radial hemp fiber-based composite three-strand braids and weft PP meltblown fabric strips are woven in a plain weave to form a hemp fiber-based composite fabric sound-absorbing material. The total mass of the fiber raw materials is 1 kg, with hemp fiber accounting for 50 wt%, hollow polyester fiber accounting for 20 wt%, and low melting point 4080 accounting for 30 wt%. The hot air bonding temperature is 125℃. The width of the hemp fiber-based composite nonwoven fabric strip is 1.0 cm. The width of the PP meltblown fabric strips in the three-strand braids is 0.5 cm. The number of braid cycles is 15. The width of the weft PP meltblown fabric strip is 1.0 cm. The warp density is 10 strands / 10 cm, and the weft density is 10 strands / cm.

[0050] Comparative Example 1

[0051] The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Examples 3, 4, and 5 is that the hemp fiber-based composite nonwoven fabric strip is not braided with two PP melt-blown fabric strips in a three-strand braid, but is directly woven with the radial and weft PP melt-blown fabric strips in a plain weave to form an integrated fabric.

[0052] Figure 5 is a comparison chart of the sound absorption performance of the hemp fiber-based composite fabric sound absorption material prepared in Examples 3, 4, and 5, which is radially braided in a three-strand braid, and the hemp fiber-based composite fabric sound absorption material prepared in Comparative Example 1, which is not radially braided in a three-strand braid. It can be seen that in the low frequency range of 100-1600 Hz, the sound absorption coefficients of all the prepared hemp fiber-based composite fabrics are not much different, but in the high frequency range of 1800-6300 Hz, the sound absorption coefficient of the hemp fiber-based composite fabric radially braided in a three-strand braid is significantly higher than that of the hemp fiber-based composite fabric not radially braided in a three-strand braid, which is due to the fact that the radial three-strand braid structure enhances the reflection of sound waves and the effects of friction, collision, and vibration between sound waves and fibers, etc., effectively converting sound energy into mechanical energy and improving the sound absorption and noise reduction performance. In addition, with the increase of the number of three-strand braid weaving cycles, the sound absorption coefficient in the high frequency range first increases and then decreases, Figure 5 shows that when the weaving cycle number is 12, the sound absorption effect is best, which is because when the warp and weft density of the plain weave structure remains unchanged, the radial three-strand braid becomes thinner and more compact with the increase of the weaving cycle number, although the compact three-strand braid can reduce the internal pore size, but the too thin three-strand braid will cause the warp pore of the composite fabric to become larger, affecting the reflection of sound waves inside the composite fabric and their interaction with the fibers, thereby reducing the sound absorption effect.

Claims

1. A hemp fiber-based composite fabric sound-absorbing material comprising a radial hemp fiber-based composite three-strand braid and a weft PP melt-blown cloth strip, characterized in that, The radial direction and the latitudinal direction are woven in a plain weave manner to form an integral body, wherein the hemp fiber-based composite three-ply braid is formed by weaving the hemp fiber-based composite non-woven fabric strip and two PP melt-blown fabric strips in a three-ply braid manner, and the hemp fiber-based composite non-woven fabric is made of hemp fibers, hollow polyester fibers and low-melting-point 4080 fibers through an air-laid and hot-air bonding process; wherein the warp density of the plain weave is 5-20 per 10 cm, the weft density is 10-20 per 10 cm, the width of the hemp fiber-based composite non-woven fabric strip is 0.5-2.0 cm, the width of the PP melt-blown fabric strip is 0.5-2.0 cm, and the weaving cycle number of the three-ply braid is 5-20.

2. A hemp fiber-based composite fabric sound absorption material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hemp fiber-based composite nonwoven fabric is 150-250 g / m 2 of air-permeable porous material, and the thickness of the hemp fiber-based composite nonwoven fabric is 2.5-4.0 mm.

3. A hemp fiber-based composite fabric sound absorption material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The PP melt-blown cloth is 20-50 g / m 2 The PP melt-blown cloth is 20-50 g / m 2 The PP melt-blown cloth is 20-50 g / m 2 The PP melt-blown cloth is 20-50 g / m 2 The PP melt-blown cloth is 20-50 g / m 2 The PP melt 4. A hemp fiber-based composite fabric sound absorption material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the hemp fibers in the hemp fiber-based composite non-woven fabric is 1.5-2.0 dtex, and the length is 35-45 mm; The diameter of the hollow polyester fibers in the hemp fiber-based composite non-woven fabric is 2.5-3.5 dtex, and the length is 50-75 mm; The diameter of the low-melting-point 4080 fibers in the hemp fiber-based composite non-woven fabric is 2.5-3.5 dtex, and the length is 50-75 mm.

5. A process for the production of a hemp fiber based composite fabric sound absorbing material according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: S01, mixing hemp fibers, hollow polyester fibers and low-melting-point 4080 fibers uniformly, and preparing a three-dimensionally disordered air-laid hemp fiber-based composite fiber web through processes of rough opening, large cotton box mixing, fine opening, air pressure cotton box mixing and air laying; S02, hot-air bonding the air-laid hemp fiber-based composite fiber web to prepare a three-dimensionally porous hemp fiber-based composite non-woven fabric with certain strength and structural stability; S03, cutting the hemp fiber-based composite non-woven fabric into a strip and weaving it with two PP melt-blown fabric strips to form a hemp fiber-based composite three-ply braid; S04, weaving the hemp fiber-based composite three-ply braid as the radial direction and the PP melt-blown fabric strip as the latitudinal direction to form a hemp fiber-based composite fabric with a plain weave structure.

6. A method of manufacturing a hemp fiber-based composite fabric sound absorption material according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step S01, the total mass of the fiber raw materials is 1-3 kg, the blending ratio of hemp fibers is 40-80 wt%, and the mass blending ratio of hollow polyester fibers and low-melting-point 4080 fibers is 1: (0.1-10).

7. The method for preparing a hemp fiber-based composite fabric sound-absorbing material according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step S02, the hot-air bonding temperature is 100-150℃.

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