Layered water intake folding gate device

Abstract

This invention discloses a tiered intake folding gate device, comprising at least one set of gate slot structures and gate leaf assemblies disposed within and slidingly engaged with the gate slot structures. The gate leaf assembly is a foldable structure composed of multiple rotatably connected gate leaves. The gate slot structures extend downwards from the water level surface to below the water level in the water level elevation direction. The device also includes a movably mounted float box on top of the gate slot structures and a winch fixed to the float box. The winch is connected to the top of the gate leaf assembly and lifts the gate leaf assembly, causing it to slide and unfold in the water level elevation direction. During operation, this invention utilizes the float box to achieve self-floating lifting and lowering according to water level changes, eliminating the need for an additional power unit to accommodate changes in the top elevation of the gate slot structures. Furthermore, the overall structure is simple, and operation is convenient and reliable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering technology, and in particular to a tiered water intake folding gate device. Background Technology

[0002] As the construction of cascade reservoirs extends to high-altitude and cold river source regions, the interactions between the driving factors influencing the temperature rhythm changes in river and reservoir systems become more complex, leading to a more intricate evolution of watershed temperature rhythms. To mitigate the adverse impacts of water resource development and utilization on watershed ecosystems and maintain the health and sustainable development of river ecosystems, various countries have conducted research on a series of reservoir engineering and non-engineering ecological regulation measures. These measures aim to optimize the allocation of water resources through reservoir scheduling to meet the health and stability requirements of river ecosystems.

[0003] In water conservancy and hydropower projects, stratified water intake technology is an important means to regulate the temperature of water released from reservoirs, improve the quality of water intake downstream, maintain the living environment of fish in downstream river channels, and meet the water temperature requirements for crop growth.

[0004] In many reservoirs both domestically and internationally, to improve the temperature of the discharged water and thus protect the downstream ecological environment, reservoir scheduling and temperature control devices (TCDs) are mainly used. Stratified water intake technology effectively utilizes the unique temperature field formed by large reservoirs, demonstrating a significant effect on regulating the temperature of the discharged water. It is an effective measure to mitigate the impact on the downstream aquatic ecosystem and is widely used in hydropower projects both domestically and internationally. For reservoir water intake, the most common methods used in China currently involve stratified water intake technologies such as stacked beam gates or multi-layered intake channels at the intake or water outlet. Stacked beam gates are more frequently used, especially in high-dam, large-reservoir hydropower projects, such as the Baihetan, Xiluodu, and Jinping I hydropower projects on the Jinsha River. Because the existing large-scale hydropower projects in China have a large number of orifices, large water level fluctuations, and large unit flow rates, the water depth controlled at the top of the stacked beam gate is also large. Therefore, the number of times to operate the stacked beam gate of one layer is large, and the lifting height is also large. Taking the Xiluodu Hydropower Station on the Jinsha River as an example, if the same layer of stacked beam gate is removed from the orifice, 90 stacked beam gate leaves need to be removed, which requires as many as 90 operations, making the operation cumbersome and time-consuming. For stratified water intake technology with multiple intake points, multiple intake channels need to be set up sequentially from top to bottom along the water flow direction. Each channel contains a gate, and the gates in each channel are controlled by opening and closing equipment. Because the gates in each channel need to be staggered in the direction of the water flow, this increases the length of the intake in the direction of the water flow. This is generally suitable for reservoirs with shallow intake depths; otherwise, the excessive length of the intake would significantly increase investment costs. Furthermore, although it can achieve water intake within a certain range, the gate opening and closing is a dynamic operation, requiring large-capacity opening and closing equipment and high-power motors, resulting in high energy consumption. The time required to open and close the gates is still relatively long, leading to low operating efficiency. While the louvered technology used in some foreign hydroelectric projects, such as the Shasta Hydroelectric Power Station in the United States, can achieve water intake requirements to a certain extent, the louvers are prone to damage from long-term underwater operation, making maintenance cumbersome. Moreover, this technology requires a steel frame to enclose the intake or water tower on three sides, resulting in a large amount of steel consumption and poor economic efficiency.

[0005] Chinese Patent Publication No. CN114855722A discloses a floating stratified water intake gate device that automatically rises and falls according to water level fluctuations. This invention solves the technical problems of traditional stratified water intake technology using stacked beam gates, which requires lifting or placing the stacked beam gates one hole at a time, resulting in cumbersome and time-consuming operations. The invention's technical solution includes setting a sunken gate slot at the reservoir inlet, lower than the inlet sill elevation. A floating stratified water intake gate device is installed within the sunken gate slot. The floating stratified water intake gate device consists of an upper floating box connected to the stratified water intake gate via a floating cylindrical tie rod device. When the water level is balanced, the upper floating box is partially submerged. The floating box can automatically adjust the submersion depth according to changes in the reservoir water level, achieving automatic rising and falling with water level changes. While meeting the requirement of releasing surface high-temperature water, the stratified water intake process requires no manual labor and consumes no energy, significantly improving operational efficiency and effectively saving operating costs.

[0006] Although the technical solution of the above-mentioned patent can achieve automatic adjustment of water intake depth, its structure is complex and requires a lot of investment in gate drive operation, which is not conducive to long-term operation in underwater environment. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a stratified water intake folding gate device that can maintain the surface water intake depth and maintain the downstream water temperature, which has a simple structure and reliable operation.

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a layered water intake folding gate device, including at least one set of gate slot structures and gate leaf assemblies disposed in the gate slot structures and forming a sliding fit with the gate slot structures. The gate leaf assembly is a foldable structure composed of multiple gate leaves that can be rotatably connected. The gate slot structure extends downward from the water level surface to below the water level surface in the water level elevation direction. It also includes a pontoon that is movably disposed on the top of the gate slot structure and a winch device fixed on the pontoon. The winch device is connected to the top of the gate leaf assembly and lifts the gate leaf assembly to make it slide in the water level elevation direction to unfold. This invention adds a pontoon to the tiered water intake folding gate device. The pontoon floats on the reservoir surface and serves as an adjustment device for the working height of the winch equipment. The pontoon can automatically adjust its own elevation according to changes in the water level, thereby causing the winch equipment supported by the pontoon to rise and fall together. The winch equipment acts as a lifting device that drives the gate leaf assembly to unfold, thus keeping the surface water intake depth constant. Furthermore, the unfolding length of the gate leaf assembly can be adjusted by the winch equipment when needed, thereby achieving water intake at different elevations and regulating the temperature of the discharged water.

[0009] As an improvement to the above solution: adjacent door leaves in the door leaf assembly are connected by pins to form a rotatable fit, and the door leaves are slidably fitted with the door slot structure via cantilevered fixed wheels. Furthermore, the door leaves can rotate around the cantilevered fixed wheels under the lifting action of a hoisting device. This invention achieves a rotatable connection between adjacent door leaves through the pin fit, allowing adjacent door leaves to fold by rotation. The cantilevered fixed wheels slidably mount the door leaves onto the door slot structure, and the hoisting device lifts the entire door leaf assembly by sliding the door leaves along the door slot structure, thus unfolding it as a whole.

[0010] As an improvement to the above solution: the distance between the end of the door leaf near the top of the door slot structure and the location where the cantilevered fixed wheel is set on the door leaf is less than the distance between the end of the door leaf near the bottom of the door slot structure and the location where the cantilevered fixed wheel is set on the door leaf. This invention improves the position of the cantilevered fixed wheel on the door leaf, causing torques of different lengths to form at both ends of the door leaf with the cantilevered fixed wheel as a base point. This results in the door leaf assembly having a larger area in its unfolded state than in its folded state when subjected to positive water pressure. This allows the bottom of the door leaf assembly to open when the unit suddenly shuts down due to load issues, causing a water pressure backlash, thereby achieving rapid pressure relief.

[0011] As an improvement to the above solution: when the door leaf assembly is in the unfolded state, the angle between the door leaf assembly and the horizontal direction does not exceed 80°. This invention limits the degree of straightening of the door leaf assembly in the unfolded state, using 80° as the maximum straightening angle. This prevents the entire door leaf assembly from reaching a completely vertical straight state; all the door leaves in the assembly maintain a large angle of inclination. Therefore, the door leaf assembly can fold under its own weight without requiring additional power.

[0012] As an improvement to the above solution, the gate leaf is a hollow structure with an internal cavity. This invention reduces the overall weight of the gate leaf by creating a cavity inside. Simultaneously, the air cavity inside the gate leaf provides buoyancy, reducing the weight of the gate leaf assembly in the water. This allows for a reduction in the design size of the float box and the lifting power of the winch equipment, thus helping to lower production costs.

[0013] As an improvement to the above solution, the total number of door leaves in the door leaf assembly is an even number. Using an even number of door leaves in this invention ensures a balanced force distribution between any two adjacent door leaves in the assembly, resulting in uniform water pressure distribution across the entire assembly. This avoids localized damage caused by uneven force distribution and helps extend the service life of the door leaf assembly.

[0014] As an improvement to the above solution, it also includes a trash rack installed upstream of the gate slot structure, which extends downward from the water level surface to below the water surface in the water level elevation direction; the trash rack and the gate slot structure have a one-to-one correspondence.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By adding a pontoon to the tiered water intake folding gate device, the pontoon floats on the reservoir surface and serves as an adjustment device for the working height of the winch equipment. The pontoon can automatically adjust its own elevation according to changes in the water level, thereby causing the winch equipment supported by the pontoon to rise and fall together. The winch equipment acts as a lifting device that drives the gate leaf assembly to unfold, thus keeping the surface water intake depth constant. Furthermore, the unfolding length of the gate leaf assembly can be adjusted by the winch equipment when needed, thereby achieving water intake at different elevations and regulating the temperature of the discharged water. During operation, this invention uses a pontoon to form a self-floating lifting and lowering mechanism based on water level changes, eliminating the need for an additional power unit to change the top elevation of the gate slot structure. At the same time, the overall structure is simple and the operation is convenient and reliable. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of water intake according to the present invention when the water level is normal.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of water intake according to the present invention when the water level is in the middle.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of water intake according to the present invention when the water level is at its lowest.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a top view of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the leaflet in this invention.

[0021] The markings in the diagram are: 100-Gate slot structure, 200-Gate leaf assembly, 210-Gate leaf, 220-Pin shaft, 230-Cantilever fixed wheel, 300-Float box, 400-Winding equipment, 500-Trash rack. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, the invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "front", "rear", "left", "right", "up", "down", "inner", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0024] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the tiered water intake folding gate device disclosed in this invention includes a gate slot structure 100, a gate leaf assembly 200, a float box 300, and a hoisting device 400. The gate slot structure 100 serves as the basic fixed component of the entire tiered water intake folding gate device. The gate slot structure 100 extends downwards from the water level surface to below the water level surface in the water level elevation direction. The gate leaf assembly 200 is installed on the gate slot structure 100. The gate leaf assembly 200 is a foldable structure composed of multiple gate leaves 210, with an even number of gate leaves 210 being preferred. The gate leaf assembly 200 can be unfolded or folded by the movement of the gate leaves 210 along the height direction of the gate slot structure 100. When the gate leaf assembly 200 is unfolded, it blocks the water flow. The unobstructed space above the gate leaf assembly 200 allows for normal water intake. Therefore, the unobstructed area above the unfolded gate leaf assembly 200 is the water intake area. The winch 400 serves as the driving device for the deployment of the gate leaf assembly 200. The power output end of the winch 400 is connected to the uppermost gate leaf 210 of the gate leaf assembly 200. The winch 400's operation lifts the entire gate leaf assembly 200 to deploy it. In this invention, to adjust the water intake depth according to changes in the water level, a float 300 is installed at the top of the gate slot structure 100. The float 300 is not fixed, allowing it to rise and fall automatically with changes in the water level. The winch 400 is mounted on the float 300, and the automatic rising and falling action of the float 300 with changes in the water level adjusts the height of the winch 400. With the lifting power applied by the winch 400 to the gate leaf assembly 200 remaining constant, the top elevation can be automatically changed according to changes in the water level, maintaining a constant water intake depth. Furthermore, as... Figures 1 to 3 As shown, when it is necessary to improve the downstream water temperature during the fish breeding season, the degree of deployment of the gate leaf assembly 200 can be adjusted by changing the hoisting and lowering action of the winch device 400 on the float 300, thereby adjusting the water intake depth, increasing the water intake depth, raising the downstream water temperature, and providing a more suitable temperature for the breeding activities of downstream fish.

[0025] like Figures 1 to 3 as well as Figure 5As shown, the door leaf assembly 200 used in this invention achieves the straightening and unfolding or folding of the overall structure through a sliding fit with the door groove structure 100 and a rotatable fit between adjacent door leaves 210. Through holes and pins 220 with clearance fits are respectively provided at both ends of the door leaves 210, allowing adjacent door leaves 210 to form a rotatable connection via the pins 220. A cantilever fixed wheel 230 is installed in the middle section of the door leaves 210. The door groove structure 100 has a sliding groove extending along its height direction and located on the side of the door leaf assembly 200. The rollers of the cantilever fixed wheel 230 are installed in the sliding groove to form a sliding fit. Under the lifting action of the hoisting device 400, each door leaf 210 slides upward along the sliding groove via the cantilever fixed wheel 230. Simultaneously, each door leaf 210 rotates on its own, and relative rotation occurs between adjacent door leaves 210, causing the entire door leaf assembly 200 to finally straighten and unfold. The folding and retraction of the door leaf assembly 200 can be achieved by its own gravity. When the hoisting device 400 stops applying an upward lifting force to the door leaf assembly 200, the door leaf assembly 200, under its own gravity, causes each door leaf 210 to slide downward along the slide groove, ultimately forming a shape like... Figure 3 The folded state is shown. To facilitate the folding of the door leaf assembly 200, the present invention ensures that each door leaf 210 maintains a certain degree of tilt even when the door leaf assembly 200 is in its fully extended state. Specifically, the angle between the door leaf 210 and the horizontal direction does not exceed 80°, preventing the entire door leaf assembly 200 from being completely vertically extended, thus enabling the door leaf assembly 200 to fold using its own weight. Considering the need to save lifting power for the winch 400, the door leaf 210 can be designed as a hollow structure, i.e., a closed cavity is set inside the door leaf 210. This reduces the weight of the door leaf 210 while increasing its buoyancy in water. Simultaneously, the reduced power required by the winch 400 allows for a smaller volume of the winch 400, which in turn reduces the design specifications of the lower float 300.

[0026] Furthermore, in order to quickly relieve water pressure caused by backlash within the tunnel, the rotation axis position of the gate leaf 210 is defined in this invention, that is, the installation position of the cantilever fixed wheel 230 on the gate leaf 210 is defined. For example... Figure 5 As shown, the cantilever fixed wheel 230 is positioned off-center from the door leaf 210, so that the cantilever fixed wheel 230 is positioned close to the folding orientation of the door leaf assembly 200; that is, as Figure 5 L1 is the distance between the cantilever fixed wheel 230 and the door leaf 210 near the bottom of the door slot structure 100, and L2 is the distance between the cantilever fixed wheel 230 and the door leaf 210 near the top of the door slot structure 100. L1 is set to be greater than L2. When the reverse water pressure in the tunnel causes the door leaf assembly 200 to tend to fold, the bottom of the door leaf assembly 200 is in an open state, which can quickly release the reverse water pressure in the tunnel.

[0027] like Figure 4 As shown, the stratified water intake folding gate device of the present invention also includes a debris barrier 500 disposed upstream of the gate slot structure 100. The debris barrier 500 extends downward from the water level surface to below the water surface in the water level elevation direction; the debris barrier 500 is installed and fixed through a debris barrier slot disposed on the gate slot mechanism 100. The debris barrier 500 and the gate slot structure 100 have a one-to-one correspondence, and the debris barrier 500 is used to filter and block the incoming water upstream of the gate slot structure 100.

Claims

1. A layered water intake folding gate device, comprising at least one set of gate slot structures (100) and gate leaf assemblies (200) disposed within the gate slot structures (100) and forming a sliding fit with the gate slot structures (100), wherein the gate leaf assembly (200) is a foldable structure composed of multiple gate leaves (210) rotatably connected, and the gate slot structure (100) extends downward from the water level surface to below the water level surface in the water level elevation direction, characterized in that: It also includes a pontoon (300) movably mounted on the top of the gate structure (100) and a winch (400) fixed on the pontoon (300). The winch (400) is connected to the top of the gate leaf assembly (200) and slides in the water level direction to unfold by lifting the gate leaf assembly (200). The distance between the end of the gate leaf (210) near the top of the gate structure (100) and the cantilever fixed wheel (230) on the gate leaf (210) is less than the distance between the end of the gate leaf (210) near the bottom of the gate structure (100) and the cantilever fixed wheel (230) on the gate leaf (210). When the reverse water pressure in the tunnel causes the gate leaf assembly (200) to fold, the bottom of the gate leaf assembly (200) is open, which can quickly depressurize the reverse water pressure in the tunnel.

2. The tiered water intake folding gate device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The adjacent door leaves (210) in the door leaf assembly (200) are connected by a pin (220) to form a rotatable fit. The door leaf (210) is connected to the door slot structure (100) by a cantilever fixed wheel (230) to form a sliding fit. The door leaf (210) can rotate around the cantilever fixed wheel (230) under the lifting action of the hoisting device (400).

3. The tiered water intake folding gate device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: When the door leaf assembly (200) is in the unfolded state, the angle between the door leaf (210) and the horizontal direction does not exceed 80°.

4. The tiered water intake folding gate device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The door leaf (210) is a hollow structure with an internal cavity.

5. The tiered water intake folding gate device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The total number of door leaves (210) in the door leaf assembly (200) is an even number.

6. The tiered water intake folding gate device as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: It also includes a trash rack (500) installed in the upstream direction of the gate slot structure (100), wherein the trash rack (500) extends downward from the water level surface to below the water surface in the water level elevation direction; the trash rack (500) and the gate slot structure (100) have a one-to-one correspondence.

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