A method for regulating a rice polishing machine and a monitoring system

Abstract

The present invention discloses a regulation method and a monitoring system for a rice polishing machine. Set the main shaft rotation speed and the opening degree of the pressure door of the polishing machine, obtain the cloud map of the motion form of rice grains corresponding thereto, and record the mass of broken rice in the broken rice box. Then the broken rice rate is denoted as δ<subgt;11< / subgt>. According to N groups of main shaft rotation speeds n and opening degrees L of the pressure door and the corresponding broken rice rates δ, establish a mathematical model equation δ = f(n, L); divide it into a stable state, otherwise divide it into an abnormal state, and obtain the critical broken rice rate standard value δ<subgt;x< / subgt>; adjust and regulate the main shaft rotation speed of the polishing machine through the mathematical model equation. It solves the practical problem that the parameter regulation of the existing rice polishing machine lacks a theoretical basis and improves the rice processing quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of rice processing, and particularly relates to a method for regulating a rice polishing machine and a monitoring system. Background Art

[0002] Rice is the product after paddy processing and is the staple food for more than half of the population in China. Rice processing requires a series of processes such as cleaning, hulling, separating paddy and brown rice, milling, polishing, color sorting, grading, and packing. As one of the core equipment in the rice processing process, the main function of the polishing machine is to remove the rice bran on the surface of the rice. Under the action of the polishing pressure and friction temperature, the starch fine powder of the rice grains is semi-pasted to form a relatively smooth surface, obtaining a more crystal-clear and bright appearance quality, and improving the storage resistance of the rice. The pressure on the rice grains in the polishing machine is the key factor affecting the polishing effect, and the pressure is determined by the operating parameters of the polishing machine (main shaft speed, pressure door opening). If the pressure is too small, the processing effect cannot be achieved; if the pressure is too large, the rice grains will be broken. Since it is difficult to measure the pressure in the polishing machine in real time, it is difficult to find an accurate basis for regulating the operating parameters (main shaft speed, pressure door opening). Therefore, to ensure the processing effect during actual operation, the speed of the polishing machine is often adjusted relatively high and the pressure door opening is adjusted relatively small to ensure that the rice grains can receive sufficient pressure to achieve the polishing effect. However, too high speed and too small pressure door opening will not only increase power consumption and reduce production efficiency, but also make the pressure in the polishing machine relatively large, and the rice grains are easy to break. Considering that the movement of particles is affected by the magnitude of the force, although it is difficult to measure the pressure of the polishing machine in real time, the pressure state can be reflected by the movement form of the rice grains inside the machine body. If the relationship between the movement form of the rice grains, the operating parameters (main shaft speed, pressure door opening), and the broken rice rate can be clarified, the operating parameters of the polishing machine can be reasonably adjusted based on the collected movement form of the rice grains, so as to control the processing effect of the polishing machine. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above problems, the present invention proposes a method and a monitoring system for regulating the operating parameters of a polishing machine by using the movement form of rice grains.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for regulating a rice polishing machine as follows:

[0005] 1) Select the weight of the same variety of rice as M0, divide it into three equal parts by weight, dye them into three colors respectively, and then mix them evenly to prepare mixed rice;

[0006] 2) Initially set the main shaft speed and pressure door opening of the polishing machine as [n1, L1]. After pouring the mixed rice into the polishing machine, transporting it to the polishing part and filling it up, turn on the high-speed camera to collect the image of the movement form of the rice grains in the polishing machine, and process the movement form map of the rice grains to obtain the movement form cloud map A corresponding to [n1, L1]11 When the mixed rice material comes out of the polishing part, the mass of the broken rice in the broken rice box is recorded by an electronic scale as M s11 , then the broken rice rate is recorded as δ 11 =M s11 / M0;

[0007] 3) adjusting the polishing machine spindle speed and pressure door opening, and repeating step 3) until N rice grain motion morphology cloud maps and corresponding N broken rice rates are obtained; and establishing a mathematical model equation δ = f(n, L) based on the N sets of spindle speeds n and pressure door openings L and the corresponding broken rice rates δ;

[0008] 4) If the cloud diagram of rice grain motion has the characteristics of high and low speed interlaced regions, it is classified as a stable state, otherwise it is classified as an abnormal state, that is,

[0009]

[0010] Wherein, i and j are integers; a and b are integers;

[0011] 5) Select the maximum value of broken rice rate max[δ ij ], the minimum value of the broken rice rate in the abnormal state set min[δ ab ], the average of the two is the critical broken rice rate standard value δ x :

[0012]

[0013] 6) testing the mixed rice materials prepared in step 2) and monitoring the movement of the rice grains in real time using a high-speed camera;

[0014] ① If the collected rice grain motion morphology cloud map is in a stable state, the spindle speed is not adjusted, and the mixed rice material is no longer added. Instead, undyed rice is added into the polishing machine to be processed into finished rice;

[0015] ② If the collected rice grain motion morphology cloud diagram is abnormal, then measure the pressure gate opening at this time as L', and solve the equation f(n,L')<δ x , we get n = n min ~n max ; Adjust the polishing machine spindle speed to (n min +n max ) / 2; After the movement of the rice grains in the polishing machine returns to a stable state, stop adding the mixed rice material, add the undyed rice into the polishing machine, and run the machine normally to process it into finished rice.

[0016] Furthermore, in step 3), a set of spindle speeds and pressure gate openings corresponds to 3 to 7 pressure gate openings.

[0017] There is also provided a monitoring system for the rice polishing machine control method as described above, including a high-speed camera, a computer, and a rice polishing machine system; the rice polishing machine system polishes and screens rice grains, the high-speed camera collects the moving images of the rice grains in the polishing machine system, and the computer processes the collected moving images of the rice grains to obtain a motion morphology cloud map of the rice grains.

[0018] Further, the rice polishing machine system includes a feeding part, a polishing part, and a screening and collection part; the feeding part includes a servo motor I and a screw conveyor connected to the servo motor I through a coupling, and the servo motor I drives the screw conveyor to rotate;

[0019] The polishing part includes a transparent acrylic shell, a polishing roller passing through both side surfaces of the acrylic shell at both ends, a main shaft integrally connected to the polishing roller through interference fit by bearings, and a servo motor II driving the main shaft to rotate through a synchronous belt. An inlet is opened on the upper end surface of the acrylic shell and is connected to the inside of the acrylic shell, and the inlet is opened or closed by a pressure door.

[0020] Further, the screening and collection part includes a horizontal screen, a broken rice box arranged directly below the horizontal screen, an electronic scale for weighing the broken rice box, and a whole rice box arranged below the outlet of the horizontal screen.

[0021] Further, the opening degree L of the pressure door is adjusted by the telescopic movement of an electric cylinder, and the opening degree L is measured by a displacement sensor.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The rice polishing machine control method and the monitoring system of the present invention can reasonably control the operating parameters of the polishing machine through the motion morphology of the rice grains in the machine body, solve the practical problem that the parameter control of the existing rice polishing machine lacks a theoretical basis, and improve the rice processing quality. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the rice polishing machine monitoring system of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is Figure 1 a schematic diagram of the structure of the rice polishing machine system in

[0025] Figure 3 It is Figure 2 a partial enlarged schematic diagram of

[0026] Figure 4 It is Figure 1 the working principle diagram of

[0027] Figure 5 a steady-state cloud map;

[0028] Figure 6It is a control flow chart;

[0029] Figure 7 It is a cloud map of the movement pattern of rice grains when the parameters in the embodiment are [n = 1150, L = 8.4];

[0030] Figure 8 It is a cloud map of the movement pattern of rice grains before adjustment in the embodiment;

[0031] Figure 9 It is a cloud map of the movement pattern of rice grains after adjustment in the embodiment. Specific implementation mode

[0032] As Figure 1 shown, the rice polishing machine monitoring system includes a high-speed camera 1, a computer 2, and a rice polishing machine system 3. The rice polishing machine system 3 polishes and screens the rice grains. The high-speed camera 1 collects the movement images of the rice grains in the polishing machine system, and the computer 2 processes the collected movement images of the rice grains to obtain the cloud map of the movement pattern of the rice grains.

[0033] As Figure 2 , 3 shown, the rice polishing machine system 3 includes a feeding part, a polishing part, and a screening and collection part. The feeding part includes a servo motor I 3-1 and a screw conveyor 3-3 connected to the servo motor I 3-1 through a coupling 3-2. The servo motor I 3-1 drives the screw conveyor 3-3 to rotate; the rotation speed of the servo motor I 3-1 is adjusted by a controller 3-5, which plays a role in controlling the feeding flow rate, stabilizing the feeding, and further mixing the materials.

[0034] The polishing part includes a transparent acrylic shell 3-7, a polishing roller 3-8 passing through both side surfaces of the acrylic shell 3-7 at both ends, a main shaft 3-12 integrally connected to the polishing roller 3-8 through interference fit by bearings 3-13, and a servo motor II 3-4 driving the main shaft 3-12 to rotate through a synchronous belt 3-6. An inlet is opened on the upper end surface of the acrylic shell 3-7 and is connected to the inside of the acrylic shell 3-7. The inlet is opened or closed by a pressure door 3-11, and the opening degree L of the pressure door 3-11 is adjusted by the telescopic amount of an electric cylinder 3-9. The size of the opening degree L is measured by a displacement sensor 3-10, and the rotation speed of the main shaft is adjusted by a controller 3-5.

[0035] The screening and collection part includes a lying screen 3-14, a broken rice box 3-15 arranged directly below the lying screen 3-14, an electronic scale �-16 for weighing the broken rice box 3-15, and a whole rice box 3-17 arranged below the outlet of the lying screen 3-14. The materials on the screen are complete rice grains and enter the whole rice box 3-17; the materials below the screen are broken rice and enter the broken rice box 3-15, and the electronic scale records the mass of the broken rice.

[0036] Combined with Figure 4For facilitating the recognition of the motion state images of rice grains, a certain variety of rice M0 (kg) is selected, divided into three equal parts, dyed into three colors respectively, and then evenly mixed again to prepare a mixed rice grain material. The material is poured into the feeding part of the rice polishing machine system 3. After a stable material flow is formed under the action of the screw conveyor 3-3, it enters the polishing part. The rotational speed of the main shaft 3-12 is set to n0 (r / min), and the opening of the pressure door is set to L0 (mm). When the mixed rice grains fill the acrylic shell 3-7, the high-speed camera 1 is turned on to collect the motion state images of the rice grains in the rice polishing machine system 3, and the images are transmitted to the computer 2. The Matlab software PIV analysis module on the computer 2 is used to process the images, and a cloud map A0 of the motion state of the rice grains under the current operating parameters (rotational speed n0, pressure door opening L0) is obtained. After the mixed rice grain material comes out of the polishing part, it enters the lying screen 3-14 for sorting. The materials on the screen are intact rice grains and enter the whole rice box 3-17; the materials under the screen are broken rice and enter the broken rice box 3-15. The electronic scale records the mass of the broken rice as M s (kg), and the broken rice rate generated is recorded as δ0 = M s / M0. It can be seen that when the broken rice rate generated by the polishing machine is δ0, the corresponding cloud map of the motion state of the rice grains is A0. By identifying the characteristics of the cloud map A0 of the motion state of the rice grains, it is judged whether the operating parameters of the polishing machine need to be adjusted. If adjustment is required, the computer 2 sends a parameter signal to the controller 3-5 to regulate the rotational speed of the main shaft and the opening of the pressure door.

[0037] The regulation method of the rice polishing machine monitoring system is as follows

[0038] Step 1) Taking the rotational speed of the main shaft of the polishing machine and the opening of the pressure door as test factors and the broken rice rate as the test index, a full-factor test as shown in Table 1 is designed.

[0039] Table 1 Full-factor test design

[0040]

[0041]

[0042] Step 2) Select a certain variety of rice M0 (kg), divide it into three equal parts, dye them into three colors respectively, and then mix them evenly to prepare mixed rice.

[0043] Step 3) Pour the mixed rice into the feeding part of the rice polishing machine system 3, and then it is conveyed to the polishing part; set the operating parameters of the polishing machine, the spindle speed and the opening of the pressure door as [n1, L1]. When the material fills the acrylic shell 3-7, turn on the high-speed camera to collect the image of the movement pattern of the rice grains in the polishing machine, and transmit the image to the PIV analysis module of the Matlab software of the computer for processing to obtain the cloud map A of the movement pattern of the rice grains corresponding to the operating parameter [n1, L1]. 11 .

[0044] Step 4) After the mixed rice grain material comes out of the polishing part, record the mass of the broken rice in the broken rice box as M s11 (kg), and the broken rice rate generated is recorded as δ 11 = M s11 / M0.

[0045] Step 5) Refer to the parameter combination order in Table 2 and set the operating parameters of the polishing machine respectively: [n1, L2], [n1, L3], [n1, L4], [n1, L5], [n2, L1], [n1, L2], [n2, L3], [n2, L4], [n2, L5], [n3, L1], [n3, L2], [n3, L3], [n3, L4], [n3, L5], [n4, L1], [n4, L2], [n4, L3], [n4, L4], [n4, L5], [n5, L1], [n5, L2], [n5, L3], [n5, L4], [n5, L5]; repeat Step 2, Step 3, and Step 4 a total of 24 times to obtain the cloud maps of the movement patterns of the rice grains corresponding to the corresponding operating parameter combinations: A 12 、A 13 、A 14 、A 15 、A 21 、A 22 、A 23 、A 24 、A 25 、A 31 、A 32 、A 33 、A 34 、A 35 、A 41 、A 42 、A 43 、A 44 、A 45 、A 51 、A 52 、A 53 、A 54 、A 55 . The broken rice rates generated under the corresponding operating parameter combinations are: δ 12 、δ 13 、δ14 , δ 15 , δ 21 , δ 22 , δ 23 , δ 24 , δ 25 , δ 31 , δ 32 , δ 33 , δ 34 , δ 35 , δ 41 , δ 42 , δ 43 , δ 44 , δ 45 , δ 51 , δ 52 , δ 53 , δ 54 , δ 55 .

[0046] Step 6) Since the whole grains will present a stable motion pattern with the alternating characteristics of high- and low-speed regions in the polishing machine, but with the increase of broken grains, this stable pattern will be gradually destroyed and no longer have the motion characteristics of alternating high- and low-speed regions. Taking the presence or absence of the alternating high- and low-speed region characteristics as the criterion, the 25 groups of motions are divided into two categories: "stable state" ( Figure 5 ), "abnormal state":

[0047]

[0048] where i and j are integers between 1 and 5; a and b are integers between 1 and 5.

[0049] Step 7) Select the maximum value max[δ ij of the broken grain rate corresponding to the stable state set and the minimum value min[δ ab of the broken grain rate corresponding to the abnormal state set, and take the average of the two as the critical broken grain rate standard value δ x :

[0050]

[0051] Step 8) Apply the full-factor test results (Table 1) to DesignExpert software for processing, and obtain the mathematical model equation δ = f(n, L) between the broken grain rate δ and the main shaft speed n and the pressure door opening L.

[0052] Step 9) The process of adjusting and controlling the parameters of the polishing machine is as Figure 6As shown in the figure. Prepare several batches of mixed rice materials in advance for testing, and use a high-speed camera to monitor the movement pattern of rice grains in real time. ① If the cloud map of the movement pattern of the collected rice grains is in a "stable state", the parameters will not be adjusted. At this time, stop adding the mixed rice materials and instead add ordinary undyed rice into the polishing machine to process into finished rice; ② If the cloud map of the movement pattern of the collected rice grains is in an "abnormal state", measure the opening degree of the pressure door at this time as L' through the displacement sensor 3-10, and solve the equation f(n, L') < δ x , and we can get n = n min ~n max . Send an instruction to the controller 3-5 through the computer 2 to adjust the spindle speed value of the polishing machine to (n min + n max ) / 2. After the movement pattern of the rice grains in the polishing machine returns to the stable state, stop adding the mixed rice materials and instead add ordinary undyed rice into the polishing machine. The machine runs normally and can process into finished rice.

[0053] Example

[0054] 1) Design a full-factor experiment as shown in Table 2 with the spindle speed and the opening degree of the pressure door as the test factors and the broken rice rate as the test index.

[0055] Table 2 Test factor level table

[0056]

[0057] 2) Select 5 kg of Northeast long-grain fragrant rice as the test material, divide it into three equal parts according to the ratio, dye them into three colors of red, white, and black respectively, and then mix them evenly to prepare the mixed rice materials.

[0058] 3) Obtain the cloud map of the movement pattern of the rice grains under each parameter combination as Figure 5 shown. The broken rice rate generated under the corresponding operating parameter combination is shown in Table 3.

[0059] Table 3 Full-factor experiment results

[0060]

[0061]

[0062] 4) The set is divided into:

[0063]

[0064] 5) Calculate the critical broken rice rate standard value as:

[0065] δ x = 4.45%

[0066] 6) The mathematical model equation for the broken rice rate δ, the main shaft speed n, and the pressure door opening L is as follows:

[0067] δ = 5.6×10 -6 n 2 -1.946×10 -3 L 2 +3.263×10 -5 nL - 0.066n - 0.016L + 11.88

[0068] 7) Prepare 20 kg of mixed rice materials in advance. Randomly set the operating parameters of the polishing machine as the following combinations: [n = 1150, L = 8.4], [n = 620, L = 10.6], and collect the cloud images of the rice grain movement patterns under these operating parameters.

[0069] 8) It is observed that under the parameters [n = 1150, L = 8.4], it is in a stable state ( Figure 7 ), and the operating parameters are not adjusted. At this time, stop adding the mixed rice materials and start adding undyed Northeast long-grain fragrant rice. After processing for a period of time, the measured broken rice rate is 1.62%, meeting the processing requirements.

[0070] 9) It is observed that under the parameters [n = 620, L = 10.6], it is in an abnormal state ( Figure 8 ), and the calculated broken rice rate at this time is 4.81%. By calculating the following equation:

[0071] δ = 5.6×10 -6 n 2 -1.946×10 -3 ×10.6 2 +3.263×10 -5 ×10.6n

[0072] -0.066n - 0.016×10.6 + 11.88 ≤ 4.45%

[0073] It can be obtained that: n = 662 r / min to 1400 r / min. Send a command to the controller through the computer to adjust the main shaft speed value of the polishing machine to 1031 r / min. The cloud image of the rice grain movement pattern becomes as Figure 9 shown and returns to a stable state. Stop adding the mixed rice materials and change to adding ordinary undyed Northeast long-grain fragrant rice. After the operation is stable, calculate the broken rice rate to be 2.17%. The processing effect is significantly improved compared with that before parameter adjustment, meeting the processing requirements.

Claims

1. A rice polishing machine control method, characterized in that: The control method is as follows: 1) Select the rice weight of the same variety and record it as M0, divide it into three parts by weight, dye it into three colors respectively, and then evenly mix it to prepare mixed rice; 2) Initially, the spindle speed and pressure door opening of the polisher are set to [n1, L1]. After the mixed rice is poured into the polisher and transported to the polishing part and filled, a high-speed camera is turned on to collect the rice grain motion morphology image in the polisher. The rice grain motion morphology image is processed to obtain the rice grain motion morphology cloud map A corresponding to [n1, L1]. 11 When the mixed rice material comes out of the polishing part, the mass of the broken rice in the broken rice box is recorded by an electronic scale as M s11 , then the broken rice rate is recorded as δ 11 =M s11 / M0; 3) adjusting the spindle speed and pressure door opening of the polishing machine, and repeating step 2) until N rice grain motion morphology cloud maps and corresponding N broken rice rates are obtained; and establishing a mathematical model equation δ = f(n, L) based on the N sets of spindle speeds n and pressure door openings L and the corresponding broken rice rates δ; 4) If the cloud diagram of rice grain motion has the characteristics of high and low speed interlaced regions, it is classified as a stable state, otherwise it is classified as an abnormal state, that is, Wherein, i and j are integers; a and b are integers; 5) Select the maximum value of broken rice rate max[δ ij ], the minimum value of the broken rice rate in the abnormal state set min[δ ab ], the average of the two is the critical broken rice rate standard value δ x : 6) testing the mixed rice materials prepared in step 1) and monitoring the movement of the rice grains in real time using a high-speed camera; ① If the collected rice grain motion morphology cloud map is in a stable state, the spindle speed is not adjusted, and the mixed rice material is no longer added. Instead, undyed rice is added into the polishing machine to be processed into finished rice; ② If the collected rice grain motion morphology cloud diagram is abnormal, then measure the pressure gate opening at this time as L', and solve the equation f(n,L')<δ x , we get n = n min ~n max ; Adjust the polishing machine spindle speed to (n min +n max ) / 2; After the movement of the rice grains in the polishing machine returns to a stable state, stop adding the mixed rice material, add the undyed rice into the polishing machine, and run the machine normally to process it into finished rice.

2. A monitoring system for the rice polishing machine control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention comprises a high-speed camera (1), a computer (2) and a rice polishing machine system (3); the rice polishing machine system (3) polishes and screens rice grains, the high-speed camera (1) collects images of the movement form of rice grains in the polishing machine system, and the computer (2) processes the collected images of the movement form of rice grains to obtain a cloud map of the movement form of rice grains.

3. The monitoring system of the rice polishing machine control method according to claim 2, wherein: The rice polishing machine system (3) includes a feeding part, a polishing part and a screening and collecting part; the feeding part includes a servo motor I (3-1) and a screw conveyor (3-3) connected to the servo motor I (3-1) through a coupling (3-2), and the servo motor I (3-1) drives the screw conveyor (3-3) to rotate; The polishing part includes a transparent acrylic shell (3-7), polishing rollers (3-8) with both ends passing through the two side surfaces of the acrylic shell (3-7), a main shaft (3-12) connected to the polishing rollers (3-8) by interference fit, and a servo motor II (3-4) driving the main shaft (3-12) to rotate through a synchronous belt (3-6). The end surface of the acrylic shell (3-7) is provided with a discharge port connected to the interior of the acrylic shell (3-7), and the discharge port is opened or closed by a pressure door (3-11).

4. The monitoring system of the rice polishing machine control method according to claim 3, wherein: The screening and collecting part comprises a lying screen (3-14), a broken rice box (3-15) arranged directly below the lying screen (3-14), an electronic scale (3-16) for weighing the broken rice box (3-15), and a whole rice box (3-17) arranged below the outlet of the lying screen (3-14).

5. The monitoring system of the rice polishing machine control method according to claim 3, wherein: The size of the opening L of the pressure door (3-11) is adjusted by the extension and contraction of the electric cylinder (3-9), and the size of the opening L is measured by the displacement sensor (3-10).

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