Fixtures and methods for cutting excess material from rectangular blanks

Abstract

This invention discloses a fixture and method for cutting excess blocks from a cuboid blank. The fixture includes a base, a corner support rod, a positioning block, a nut block, and a positioning screw. The corner support rod has a radially formed fan-shaped notch with a central angle of 90°. A center positioning key is embedded in the center positioning groove on the lower side of the positioning block. Fixing bolts pass through the mounting plate of the positioning block and are tightened into hexagonal nuts embedded in the lower side of the stepped long grooves on both sides of the longitudinal direction of the base. One end of the positioning screw, screwed into the nut block at the other end of the base, abuts against the radial center of the outer circumference of the positioning block. The method includes: 1) marking the cuboid blank; 2) installing the cuboid blank on the fixture and aligning it; 3) clamping the cuboid blank and completing the sawing of the excess blocks. This invention has a simple structure, is very convenient to install and adjust, and can saw off the entire triangular excess block in one pass using a horizontal band saw, significantly improving processing efficiency and greatly reducing processing costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a tooling for cutting excess blocks from a cuboid blank, and more particularly to a cutting tooling and method for directly cutting triangular excess blocks from a cuboid blank using a horizontal band saw, which can continuously adjust the tilt support angle of the cuboid blank. It belongs to the field of metal cutting processing technology. Background Technology

[0002] exist Figure 1 In the cuboid blank 10 shown, the dashed line represents part 20 with a V-shaped obtuse angle. To the right of part 20 is a triangular excess block 101, which occupies more than one-quarter of the volume of the cuboid blank 10 and needs to be cut. The existing processing method is as follows: First, the outer contour line of part 20 is drawn on the cuboid blank 10. Then, the cuboid blank 10 is fixed on the worktable of an end milling machine. The base edge of the triangular excess block 101 in the cuboid blank 10 is aligned. Then, the two sides of the cuboid blank 10 are pressed together with a pressure plate, a T-screw, and a pad. Next, the end milling machine is started, and the triangular excess block 101 is removed by multiple cuts layer by layer according to the maximum cutting depth requirement. This excess block cutting method has the disadvantages of large cutting volume, cumbersome processing, low efficiency, low material utilization, and high equipment operating costs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a tooling for cutting excess material from a cuboid blank, which can significantly improve processing efficiency and reduce processing costs.

[0004] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0005] A fixture for cutting excess material from a rectangular blank includes a base, a corner support rod, a positioning block, a nut block, and a positioning screw. The length of the corner support rod matches the width of the base. The corner support rod is cylindrical, and a fan-shaped notch with a central angle of 90° is formed radially on the cylinder. One end of the base has a transverse groove whose end face matches the outer diameter of the corner support rod, into which the corner support rod is inserted. The positioning block is also cylindrical in the middle, with mounting plates extending from its lower sides at both longitudinal ends. An arc-shaped center positioning key is provided at the center of the lower side of the positioning block, and the outer edge of the center positioning key is the lower outer edge of the cylinder. The positioning block is placed horizontally on the middle of the base, and the center positioning key is embedded in the center positioning groove at the longitudinal center of the upper side of the base, with a clearance fit. Stepped long grooves are also provided on both longitudinal sides of the base for fixing bolts. After passing through the mounting plate, tighten the hexagonal nuts embedded in the lower side of the stepped long groove; the nut block is horizontally fixed on the other end of the base, and one end of the positioning screw screwed into the nut block abuts against the radial center of the outer circumference of the positioning block; when the cuboid blank scrap cutting fixture is installed on the horizontal band saw, one corner of the cuboid blank inclined towards the positioning block is embedded in the fan-shaped notch through groove on the upper side of the blank corner support rod, and the longitudinal side of the cuboid blank abuts against the outer edge of the positioning block; the large bevel sawing line on the longitudinal side of the cuboid blank is located between the blank corner support rod and the positioning block, and the small bevel sawing line on the longitudinal side of the cuboid blank is located on the upper side of the fan-shaped notch through groove; the hydraulic jaws of the horizontal band saw clamp the lower part of the two transverse sides of the cuboid blank between the fixed seat and the hydraulic chuck; the two sides of the base are respectively pressed and fixed to the worktable of the horizontal band saw by pressure plates, clamping screws and pads.

[0006] The objectives of this invention can also be further achieved through the following technical measures.

[0007] Furthermore, the ratio of the transverse through groove depth H to the diameter D1 of the corner support rod of the billet is: H / D1 = 0.68~0.72; the ratio of the diameter D2 of the center of the positioning block to the diameter D1 of the corner support rod of the billet is: D2 / D1 = 2.22~2.26.

[0008] Furthermore, the deflection angle α of the fan-shaped notch through slot is ±20° to 24°.

[0009] Furthermore, the bottom width of the stepped elongated groove matches the opposite side distance of the hexagonal nut. The width of the center locating key matches the width of the center locating groove.

[0010] Furthermore, the corner support rod, positioning block, and nut block of the billet are all made of 45# steel, and the tempering hardness of the corner support rod, positioning block, and nut block is 240-280.

[0011] A method for cutting excess material from a cuboid blank using a cutting fixture, comprising the following steps:

[0012] 1) First, the rectangular blank with the deburring jaw outline and sawing line drawn and the process hole drilled has been completed is vertically clamped and fixed on the worktable of the horizontal band saw through the hydraulic jaws, and the band saw blade is aligned with the third sawing line. Start the horizontal band saw, and the band saw blade descends until the saw kerf is tangent to the process hole, thus completing the sawing of the third sawing line.

[0013] 2) Place the assembled invention on the worktable of the horizontal band saw, and simultaneously embed the lower right corner of the right-tilted cuboid blank into the fan-shaped notch groove on the upper side of the corner support rod of the blank. The right longitudinal side of the cuboid blank rests against the outer edge of the positioning block. At this time, the large bevel sawing line on the longitudinal side of the cuboid blank is located between the corner support rod and the positioning block, and the small bevel sawing line on the longitudinal side of the cuboid blank is located on the upper side of the fan-shaped notch groove. This ensures that the cuboid blank will not flip over when sawing it.

[0014] 3) Initially adjust the orientation of the base so that the longitudinal center line of the base is perpendicular to the longitudinal center line of the worktable; turn the positioning screw and adjust the inclination of the cuboid blank by moving the positioning block to the left until the large bevel sawing line on one longitudinal side of the cuboid blank is perpendicular to the worktable; then pass the fixing bolts through the mounting plate and tighten them into the hexagonal nuts embedded in the lower side of the stepped long groove so that the positioning block is fixed on the base.

[0015] 4) Move the base horizontally along the worktable and lower the band saw blade so that the large bevel cutting line is aligned with the band saw blade to complete the alignment of the large bevel cutting line; then start the hydraulic jaws of the horizontal band saw to clamp the lower part of the two sides of the rectangular blank between the movable jaw and the fixed jaw.

[0016] 5) Next, press one end of the pressure plate onto one side of the base 1. The middle part of the pressure plate is fixed to the worktable of the horizontal band saw by clamping screws. The lower side of the other end of the pressure plate is supported on the worktable by a pad, thereby fixing the invention on the worktable. Then the horizontal band saw can be started. The band saw blade descends and cuts off the triangular excess block from the right end of the cuboid blank 10. Then the invention is moved to the right with the cuboid blank, so that the band saw blade is aligned with the small bevel cutting line. The band saw blade descends and cuts the small bevel cutting line until the small bevel cutting kerf is tangent to the process hole. The right trapezoidal excess block can then be removed. At this point, the cutting of all excess blocks of the cuboid blank is completed.

[0017] This invention employs a structure where one corner of a rectangular blank is supported in a fan-shaped notch in a corner support rod, and the lower part of one side of the rectangular blank rests against the arc surface of the center of a positioning block. By pushing the positioning block laterally with a positioning screw, the corner support rod automatically rotates, allowing for convenient adjustment of the rectangular blank's tilt angle. This enables quick and precise adjustment of the sawing line of the remaining portion of the rectangular blank to a vertical position. This invention features a simple structure and is very convenient to install and adjust. Using a horizontal band saw, the entire triangular remaining portion can be cut in one pass, significantly improving processing efficiency and greatly reducing processing costs. The cut triangular remaining portion forms a large unit that can be used to process other suitable products, greatly improving material utilization. Furthermore, operation is simple, requiring only adjustment of the first product, saving time and effort, and making it suitable for mass production.

[0018] The advantages and features of the present invention will be illustrated and explained by the following non-limiting description of preferred embodiments, which are given by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is the front view of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the invention installed on the worktable of a horizontal band saw;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a top view of the base. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and an embodiment of cutting triangular scraps from a cuboid blank for deburring grippers.

[0023] exist Figure 1 In the rectangular blank 10, the dotted line part is the outer contour line of the deburring jaw, i.e., part 20. The remaining blocks to be removed include the triangular remaining block 101 on the right and the right trapezoidal remaining block 102 on the left. The dotted line on the right side of part 20 is the large bevel sawing line 201 that has been adjusted to a vertical state. The dotted line on the left side of part 20 is the small bevel sawing line 202 whose length is less than that of the large bevel sawing line 201. The distance between the large bevel sawing line 201, the small bevel sawing line 202 and their respective dotted lines is the final machining allowance of part 20.

[0024] like Figures 1-3As shown, this embodiment includes a base 1, a blank corner support rod 2, a positioning block 3, a nut block 4, and a positioning screw 5. The length of the blank corner support rod 2 matches the width of the base 1. The blank corner support rod 2 is a cylinder. The cylinder has a fan-shaped notch 21 with a central angle of 90° in its radial direction. The left end of the base 1 is provided with a transverse through groove 11 whose end face matches the outer diameter of the blank corner support rod 2. The blank corner support rod 2 is inserted into the transverse through groove 11.

[0025] The middle part of the positioning block 3 is also a cylinder, and the mounting plates 31 extend from the lower sides of the two ends of the cylinder. The lower center of the positioning block 3 is provided with an arc-shaped center positioning key 31, and the outer edge of the center positioning key 31 is the lower outer edge of the cylinder.

[0026] The base 1 has stepped elongated slots 13 on both longitudinal sides. The positioning block 3 is placed horizontally in the middle of the base 1. The center positioning key 31 is embedded in the center positioning slot 12 at the longitudinal center of the upper side of the base 1, and is in clearance fit with the center positioning slot 12. This allows the positioning block 3 to be precisely guided by the center positioning slot 12 when it moves laterally along the base 1, and at the same time, it can prevent the lateral force during sawing from pushing the positioning block 3 to move laterally. The fixing bolts 6 pass through the mounting plate 31 and are tightened into the hexagonal nuts 7 embedded in the lower side of the stepped elongated slots 13. Since the bottom width of the stepped elongated slots 13 matches the opposite side distance of the hexagonal nuts 7, the rotation of the hexagonal nuts 7 can be effectively prevented, thereby making the positioning block 3 reliably fixed on the base 1.

[0027] The two ends of the horizontally placed nut block 4 are fixed to the right end of the base 1 by screws 41, and the left end of the positioning screw 5, which is screwed into the nut block 4, abuts against the radial center of the outer circumference of the positioning block 3.

[0028] In this embodiment, the ratio of the transverse slot depth H to the diameter D1 of the corner support rod of the billet is H / D1 = 0.70, preventing the corner support rod 2 of the billet from detaching from the base 1. The ratio of the diameter D2 of the center of the positioning block to the diameter D1 of the corner support rod of the billet is D2 / D1 = 2.24, ensuring that the positioning block 3 can be stably supported on the center of the cuboid billet 10. The deflection angle α of the fan-shaped notch slot is ±22°, which can meet the support requirements of the cuboid billet 10 at different tilt angles, improving the versatility of the invention.

[0029] The corner support rod 2, positioning block 3, and nut block 4 of the billet are all made of 45# steel. The tempering hardness of the corner support rod, positioning block, and nut block is 240-280, which extends the service life of the invention.

[0030] The method for cutting the remaining blocks of a rectangular blank using the present invention is as follows:

[0031] 1) First, the rectangular blank 10, which has been marked with the outline of the deburring jaws and the sawing line, and has been drilled with the process hole 103, is vertically clamped and fixed on the worktable 30 of the horizontal band saw using hydraulic jaws. The band saw blade 40 is aligned with the third sawing line 203. The horizontal band saw is started, and the band saw blade 40 is lowered until the saw kerf is tangent to the process hole 103, thus completing the sawing of the third sawing line 203.

[0032] 2) Then as Figure 1 As shown, the assembled invention is placed on the worktable 30 of a horizontal band saw. Simultaneously, the lower right corner of the right-tilted cuboid blank 10 is embedded in the fan-shaped notch 21 on the upper side of the corner support rod 2. The right longitudinal side of the cuboid blank 20 rests against the outer edge of the positioning block 3. At this time, the large beveled sawing line 201 on one longitudinal side of the cuboid blank 10 is located between the corner support rod 2 and the positioning block 3, and the small beveled sawing line 202 on one longitudinal side of the cuboid blank 10 is located above the fan-shaped notch 21. This ensures that the cuboid blank 10 will not flip over when sawing.

[0033] 3) Initially adjust the orientation of base 1 so that its longitudinal centerline is perpendicular to the longitudinal centerline of worktable 30. Tighten positioning screw 5 to adjust the inclination of cuboid blank 10 by moving positioning block 3 to the left until the large bevel sawing line 201 on one longitudinal side of cuboid blank 10 is perpendicular to worktable 30. Then, pass fixing bolts 6 through mounting plate 31 and tighten them into hexagonal nuts 7 embedded in the lower side of stepped long groove 13, so that positioning block 3 is fixed on base 1.

[0034] 4) Move the base horizontally along the workbench 30 and lower the band saw blade 40 so that the large bevel cutting line 201 is aligned with the band saw blade 40, completing the alignment of the large bevel cutting line 201. Then, as... Figure 2 As shown, the hydraulic jaws of the horizontal band saw are activated, causing the movable jaw 501 of the hydraulic jaws to move to the left, clamping the lower parts of the two sides of the rectangular blank 10 between the movable jaw 501 and the fixed jaw 502.

[0035] 5) Next, press one end of the pressure plate 81 onto one side of the base 1. The middle part of the pressure plate 81 is fixed to the worktable 30 of the horizontal band saw by the clamping screws 82. The lower side of the other end of the pressure plate 81 is supported on the worktable 30 by the pad 82, thereby fixing the invention to the worktable 30. The horizontal band saw can then be started, and the band saw blade 40 is as follows... Figure 2The triangular excess piece 101 is cut from the right end of the cuboid blank 10 in the direction indicated by the middle arrow. Then, the cuboid blank 10 is moved to the right, so that the band saw blade 40 is aligned with the small bevel sawing line 202. The band saw blade 40 is then lowered to cut the small bevel sawing line 202 until the small bevel sawing kerf is tangent to the process hole 103. The right trapezoidal excess piece 102 can then be removed. At this point, the cutting of all excess pieces of the cuboid blank 10 is completed.

[0036] In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention may have other implementation methods. All technical solutions formed by equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation fall within the protection scope claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A tooling for cutting excess blocks from a rectangular blank, characterized in that, The system includes a base, a corner support rod for the blank, a positioning block, a nut block, and a positioning screw. The length of the corner support rod matches the width of the base. The corner support rod is cylindrical, and a fan-shaped notch with a central angle of 90° is formed radially on the cylinder. One end of the base has a transverse groove whose end face matches the outer diameter of the corner support rod, into which the corner support rod is inserted. The positioning block is also cylindrical in the middle, with mounting plates extending from its lower sides at both longitudinal ends. An arc-shaped center positioning key is located at the center of the lower side of the positioning block, and the outer edge of the center positioning key is the lower outer edge of the cylinder. The positioning block is placed horizontally on the middle of the base, and the center positioning key is embedded in the center positioning groove at the longitudinal center of the upper side of the base, with a clearance fit. Stepped long grooves are also provided on both longitudinal sides of the base, through which fixing bolts pass. The hexagonal nut embedded in the lower side of the stepped groove is then tightened; the nut block is horizontally fixed on the other end of the base, and one end of the positioning screw screwed into the nut block abuts against the radial center of the outer circumference of the positioning block; when the cuboid blank scrap cutting fixture is installed on the horizontal band saw, one corner of the cuboid blank inclined towards the positioning block is embedded in the fan-shaped notch through groove on the upper side of the blank corner support rod, and the longitudinal side of the cuboid blank abuts against the outer edge of the positioning block; the large bevel sawing line on the longitudinal side of the cuboid blank is located between the blank corner support rod and the positioning block, and the small bevel sawing line on the longitudinal side of the cuboid blank is located on the upper side of the fan-shaped notch through groove; the hydraulic jaws of the horizontal band saw clamp the lower part of the two transverse sides of the cuboid blank between the fixed seat and the hydraulic chuck; the two sides of the base are respectively pressed and fixed to the worktable of the horizontal band saw by pressure plates, clamping screws and pads.

2. The fixture for cutting excess blocks of a rectangular blank as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The ratio of the transverse through groove depth H to the diameter D1 of the corner support rod of the billet is: H / D1=0.68~0.72; the ratio of the diameter D2 of the center of the positioning block to the diameter D1 of the corner support rod of the billet is: D2 / D1=2.22~2.

26.

3. The fixture for cutting excess blocks of a rectangular blank as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom width of the stepped long groove matches the distance between opposite sides of the hexagonal nut.

4. The fixture for cutting excess blocks of a rectangular blank as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The corner support rod, positioning block, and nut block of the billet are all made of 45# steel.

5. A cutting method for a cuboid blank with a cutting fixture as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: 1) First, the rectangular blank with the deburring jaw outline and sawing line drawn and the process hole drilled has been completed is vertically clamped and fixed on the worktable of the horizontal band saw using hydraulic jaws, and the band saw blade is aligned with the third sawing line. Start the horizontal band saw, and the band saw blade descends until the saw kerf is tangent to the process hole, thus completing the sawing of the third sawing line. 2) Place the assembled cutting fixture on the worktable of the horizontal band saw. Simultaneously, insert the lower right corner of the right-tilted cuboid blank into the fan-shaped notch slot on the upper side of the corner support rod of the blank. The right longitudinal side of the cuboid blank rests against the outer edge of the positioning block. At this time, the large bevel sawing line on the longitudinal side of the cuboid blank is located between the corner support rod and the positioning block, and the small bevel sawing line on the longitudinal side of the cuboid blank is located on the upper side of the fan-shaped notch slot. This ensures that the cuboid blank will not flip over when sawing it. 3) Initially adjust the orientation of the base so that the longitudinal center line of the base is perpendicular to the longitudinal center line of the worktable; turn the positioning screw and adjust the inclination of the cuboid blank by moving the positioning block to the left until the large bevel sawing line on one longitudinal side of the cuboid blank is perpendicular to the worktable; then pass the fixing bolts through the mounting plate and tighten them into the hexagonal nuts embedded in the lower side of the stepped long groove so that the positioning block is fixed on the base. 4) Move the base horizontally along the worktable and lower the band saw blade so that the large bevel cutting line is aligned with the band saw blade to complete the alignment of the large bevel cutting line; then start the hydraulic jaws of the horizontal band saw to clamp the lower part of the two sides of the rectangular blank between the movable jaw and the fixed jaw. 5) Next, press one end of the pressure plate onto one side of the base 1. The middle part of the pressure plate is fixed to the worktable of the horizontal band saw with clamping screws. The other end of the pressure plate is supported on the worktable by a pad, thus fixing the excess cutting fixture on the worktable. Then start the horizontal band saw. The band saw blade descends and cuts off the triangular excess piece from the right end of the rectangular blank. Then move the excess cutting fixture with the rectangular blank to the right, so that the band saw blade is aligned with the small bevel cutting line. The band saw blade descends and cuts the small bevel cutting line until the small bevel cutting kerf is tangent to the process hole. The right trapezoidal excess piece can then be removed. At this point, the cutting of all excess pieces of the rectangular blank is completed.

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