A pc / abs composite laser welding black material and a preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of engineering plastics, and particularly relates to PC / ABS composite laser welding black material and a preparation method and application thereof. The PC / ABS composite laser welding black material comprises a light transmission layer and a light absorption layer, and the light transmission layer and the light absorption layer respectively comprise the following components in parts by weight: PC resin 50-85 parts, ABS resin 5-22 parts, flame retardant 5-18 parts, toughening agent 1-13 parts, compatibilizer 1-6 parts, and laser auxiliary agent 0.1-5 parts; the average particle size of the ABS resin is 250-650 nm; the laser auxiliary agent of the light transmission layer is solvent type dye; and the laser auxiliary agent of the light absorption layer is carbon black. The composite laser welding material prepared by the application breaks through the color and material limitations, the color difference between the upper and lower layers is within 1.0, and laser welding of the light transmission layer and the light absorption layer as PC / ABS black materials is realized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of engineering plastics, and particularly relates to a PC / ABS composite laser welding black material and a preparation method and application thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] For many products with appearance requirements, the materials of the upper and lower layers are generally required to be the same, and the colors are required to be the same. If a full-transmission material is used for the light-transmission layer, the scars appearing on the welding interface will also be observed, affecting the appearance. Due to the current color material limitation, laser welding is less used. The more mainstream is to use ultrasonic welding, which has a wider selection of material colors and is widely used. However, ultrasonic welding needs to be specially designed, and a mold matched with the product also needs to be designed, and it is difficult to achieve seamless welding, and sometimes there will be a glue leakage appearance problem. Laser welding can perfectly avoid the drawbacks of ultrasonic welding. The current laser welding method is generally through laser welding, and the upper layer plastic is required to have good laser transmission characteristics and small laser energy absorption; and the lower layer plastic is required to have good laser absorption performance, and the lower layer plastic is generally black; the laser enters the lower layer from the upper layer. The commonly used light-transmission layer on the market is a transparent PC material, and the light-absorption layer can be selected from black PC or PC / ABS. The color difference between the upper and lower layers of the obtained product is large, and the laser welding strength is poor, and the color and material limitations are large. SUMMARY

[0003] The application aims to provide a PC / ABS composite laser welding black material and a preparation method and application thereof. The composite laser welding material prepared by the application breaks through the color and material limitations, and the color difference between the upper and lower layers is within 1.0, realizing laser welding of the light-transmission layer and the light-absorption layer as PC / ABS black materials.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the application adopts the following technical scheme: a PC / ABS composite laser welding black material, comprising a light-transmission layer and a light-absorption layer, the light-transmission layer and the light-absorption layer respectively comprising the following components in parts by weight: PC resin 50-85 parts, ABS resin 5-22 parts, flame retardant 5-18 parts, toughening agent 1-13 parts, compatibilizer 1-6 parts, and laser additive 0.1-5.

[0005] The average particle size of the ABS resin is 250-650 nm. It can be understood that the particle size of the ABS resin includes but is not limited to 250 nm, 300 nm, 350 nm, 400 nm, 430 nm, 510 nm, 600 nm, and 650 nm. The test method of the average particle size of the ABS resin is as follows: slicing the ABS resin, then dyeing, and then testing the rubber by using a transmission electron microscope (TEM);

[0006] The laser assistant of the light-transmitting layer is solvent type dye; the laser assistant of the light-absorbing layer is carbon black;

[0007] The compatilizer includes at least one of ethylene copolymer grafted maleic anhydride, n-butyl acrylate-glycidyl ester.

[0008] Preferably, the PC / ABS composite laser welding black material includes the following components in parts by weight: PC resin 60-70 parts, ABS resin 12-15 parts, flame retardant 10-12 parts, toughening agent 4-6 parts, compatilizer 2-3 parts, laser assistant 1-2 parts.

[0009] The component ratio of the light-transmitting layer in the PC / ABS composite laser welding black material of the present application can be the same as or different from that of the light-absorbing layer.

[0010] Preferably, the content of the solvent type dye is not higher than 8 wt.%. When the addition amount of the solvent type dye is too high, the light-transmitting effect of the light-transmitting layer is obviously deteriorated.

[0011] More preferably, the content of the solvent type dye is 0.05-8 wt.%.

[0012] Preferably, the ABS resin is bulk ABS or emulsion ABS.

[0013] Preferably, the PC resin is bisphenol A polycarbonate prepared by phosgene method or ester exchange method.

[0014] Preferably, the weight fraction of the solvent type dye is 0.3-2 parts; the weight fraction of the carbon black is 0.5-3 parts.

[0015] Preferably, the solvent type dye is black solvent type dye, or black solvent type dye mainly composed of two or three of red, yellow and blue.

[0016] Preferably, the black solvent type dye can be selected from Orasol Black X45; the red dye can be TECHSOL RED E2G; the yellow dye can be Solvent Yellow 114; the blue dye can be Solvent blue 104. The above are only listed, and the components of the solvent type dye in the present application can be any solvent type dye which can be composed into black.

[0017] Preferably, the flame retardant includes at least one of phosphate ester flame retardant, phosphazene flame retardant, brominated polycarbonate flame retardant.

[0018] Preferably, the toughening agent includes at least one of MBS type toughening agent, ACR type toughening agent.

[0019] The application also claims a preparation method of the PC / ABS composite laser welding black material, comprising the following steps: mixing all components, melt extrusion, granulation, and obtaining the PC / ABS composite laser welding black material.

[0020] Preferably, the mixing time is 10-30 minutes.

[0021] Preferably, the melt extrusion temperature is 200-270℃.

[0022] The application also claims an application of the PC / ABS composite laser welding black material in the field of laser welding. The PC / ABS composite laser welding black material can be applied to parts in the field of laser welding such as speaker housings and radar covers.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] (1) The PC / ABS composite laser welding black material prepared by the application breaks through the color and material restrictions, the color difference between the upper and lower layers is within 1.0, and the laser welding of the light transmission layer and the light absorption layer is realized as PC / ABS black materials. At the same time, the laser welding strength of the application exceeds that of the general plastics in the prior art, and can meet most materials.

[0025] (2) The light transmission rate of the light transmission layer of the PC / ABS composite laser welding black material prepared by the application is greater than 30% at the wave band of 980nm, which can be realized at 30-40%, the light transmission rate of the light absorption layer at 980nm is less than 1%, the L value of the black material is above 27, which can be realized at 27-30, and the welding strength is above 28.5MPa, which can be realized in the range of 28.5-47.5MPa. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the application will be described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of the application.

[0027] In the examples and comparative examples, the experimental methods used are conventional methods, and the toughening agent and the flame retardant are obtained from the market, and the same kind is used in parallel experiments.

[0028] The raw materials used in the examples and comparative examples are shown in Table 1.

[0029] Table 1

[0030]

[0031]

[0032] Examples 1-7 and Comparative Examples 1-7

[0033] Examples 1-7 and Comparative Examples 1-7 PC / ABS composite laser welding black material, components and weight parts are shown in Tables 2-3.

[0034] Examples 1-7 and Comparative Examples 1-7 PC / ABS composite laser welding black material preparation method, comprising the following steps:

[0035] All components were mixed in a mixer for 10-20 minutes, and the mixed raw materials were placed in a twin-screw extruder for melt extrusion and granulation. The twin-screw extruder included ten temperature control zones, with temperature control 1-2 zone at 200-260°C, temperature control 3-4 zone at 220-270°C, temperature control 5-6 zone at 220-270°C, temperature control 7-8 zone at 220-270°C, and temperature control 9-10 zone at 220-270°C. The PC / ABS composite laser welding black material was prepared.

[0036] Table 2 Component usage (weight parts) in examples

[0037]

[0038] Table 3 Component usage (weight parts) in comparative examples

[0039]

[0040] Performance test

[0041] The PC / ABS composite laser welding black material prepared in Examples 1-7 and Comparative Examples 1-7 was laser welded, and then tested for L value, light transmittance, flame retardant performance, and welding strength. The test methods and standards are shown in Table 4:

[0042] Table 4 Test methods and standards

[0043]

[0044]

[0045] The performance test results are shown in Table 5.

[0046] Table 5 Performance test results

[0047]

[0048]

[0049] From the data in Table 5, it can be seen that the PC / ABS composite laser welding black material prepared by the embodiment of the present application can achieve good laser welding effect, the material prepared by welding has good flame retardant performance and welding strength, and the color difference value of the upper and lower layers of the prepared material can be kept within 1.0, better meeting the requirements of actual application.

[0050] The particle size of the ABS resin selected in the light transmission layer and the light absorption layer of Comparative Example 1 is not appropriate, the particle size of the ABS resin selected in the light absorption layer of Comparative Example 2 is not appropriate, and the laser welding material has low welding strength; the weight fraction of the laser additive added in the light transmission layer of Comparative Example 3 is too much, and the welding strength of the laser welding material is significantly poorer than that of the embodiment; the weight fraction of the ABS resin added in Comparative Example 4 is not appropriate, and the welding strength of the laser welding material is low; the laser additive added in the light transmission layer and the light absorption layer of Comparative Example 5 is carbon black, and the laser additive added in the light transmission layer and the light absorption layer of Comparative Example 6 is solvent type dye, and the welding strength of the laser welding material is significantly reduced; the component of the selected compatibilizer in Comparative Example 7 is not appropriate, resulting in uneven dispersion of the toughening agent of ABS in PC, affecting the laser light transmission rate, and further affecting the welding strength.

[0051] The above embodiments only exemplarily illustrate the principles and effects of the present application, and are not used to limit the present application. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes completed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical thought disclosed by the present application should be covered by the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A PC / ABS composite laser-welded black material, characterized in that, It includes a light-transmitting layer and a light-absorbing layer. The light-transmitting layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-85 parts PC resin, 5-22 parts ABS resin, 5-18 parts flame retardant, 1-13 parts toughening agent, 1-6 parts compatibilizer, and 1-2 parts laser aid. The light-absorbing layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-85 parts PC resin, 5-22 parts ABS resin, 5-18 parts flame retardant, 1-13 parts toughening agent, 1-6 parts compatibilizer, and 0.1-5 parts laser aid. The average particle size of the ABS resin is 250-650 nm; The laser additive for the light-transmitting layer is a solvent-based dye; the laser additive for the light-absorbing layer is carbon black. The compatibilizer includes at least one of ethylene copolymer grafted with maleic anhydride and n-butyl acrylate-glycidyl ester.

2. The PC / ABS composite laser-welded black material as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The light-transmitting layer comprises the following components by weight: 60-70 parts PC resin, 12-15 parts ABS resin, 10-12 parts flame retardant, 4-6 parts toughening agent, 2-3 parts compatibilizer, and 1-2 parts laser aid. The light-absorbing layer comprises the following components by weight: 60-70 parts PC resin, 12-15 parts ABS resin, 10-12 parts flame retardant, 4-6 parts toughening agent, 2-3 parts compatibilizer, and 1-2 parts laser aid.

3. The PC / ABS composite laser-welded black material as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The solvent-based dye is present in an amount of 0.3-2 parts by weight; the carbon black is present in an amount of 0.5-3 parts by weight.

4. The PC / ABS composite laser-welded black material as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The solvent-based dye is a black solvent-based dye, or a black solvent-based dye mainly composed of two or three of red, yellow, and blue.

5. The PC / ABS composite laser-welded black material as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It must include at least one of the following (1) to (2): (1) The flame retardant includes at least one of phosphate ester flame retardants, phosphazene flame retardants, and brominated polycarbonate flame retardants; (2) The toughening agent includes at least one of MBS toughening agents and ACR toughening agents.

6. The application of a PC / ABS composite laser welding black material as described in any one of claims 1 to 5 in the field of laser welding.

Images