Electromechanical clutch variable inerter damper

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of structural vibration control, and relates to a mechanical-electrical clutch variable inertial damper, which is a semi-active damping device applicable to civil structures and used for inhibiting the vibration of the structure under the action of an earthquake or wind load. The device is realized by matching a mechanical inertial system, an electrical inertial system, an energy recovery control system and an active inertial mass control system. The application ensures that the device provides an inertial force in the acceleration stage of the structure and does not provide a force in the deceleration stage of the structure. The electrical inertial system can effectively reduce the design capacity of the mechanical inertial system, and in combination with the active inertial mass control system, the semi-active variable inertial control similar to bang-bang control can be realized, and in combination with the energy recovery control system, the kinetic energy of the flywheel can be recovered in the deceleration stage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of vibration control technology in civil engineering, and relates to an electromechanical clutch variable inertial capacity damper, which is an active variable inertial capacity device that can be applied to civil structures to reduce the adverse effects of external vibrations on civil structures. Background Technology

[0002] Natural disasters such as earthquakes and typhoons can cause damage to building structures, ranging from mild discomfort and panic to severe structural damage and even collapse, posing a serious threat to people's lives and property. Vibration control devices can alter the dynamic characteristics of a structure, effectively reducing its dynamic response. Inertia containers are a relatively new type of vibration damping device with a significant inertial mass amplification effect. However, inertia containers can also have adverse effects on the structure during operation. When the structure accelerates, the flywheel in the inertia container can provide inertial forces that impede the structure's motion; conversely, when the structure decelerates, the flywheel lags behind the structure, and its deceleration inertia is applied to the structure, adversely affecting the structure and its connections. Adding a clutch between the inertia container and the structure is a simple and feasible solution to avoid this problem, but it also introduces new issues: the flywheel lacks an energy dissipation mechanism during its independent deceleration phase, failing to decelerate to zero, thus preventing the flywheel from being driven by the structure again to generate effective inertial force. Therefore, a new clutch-type variable inertial capacitive damper scheme is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides an electromechanical clutch-type variable inertia-capacitive damper. During acceleration, the capacitor is adjusted to provide variable electrical inertia and a certain physical inertia. During deceleration, the resistive circuit can be adjusted to provide an energy dissipation mechanism for the flywheel, and the capacitor circuit can effectively recover the flywheel's kinetic energy. This invention effectively solves the problem of mechanical clutch-type inertia dampers lacking a flywheel energy dissipation mechanism, reduces the demand on the flywheel's physical inertia, and simultaneously achieves the recovery of flywheel kinetic energy.

[0004] The technical solution of this invention is:

[0005] An electromechanical clutch variable inertial capacitive damper includes a mechanical inertial capacitive system, an electric inertial capacitive system, an energy recovery control system, and an active inertial mass control system. The four systems are encapsulated in a housing. It also includes a trapezoidal connecting steel frame 1, the upper part of which is connected to the civil structure to be damped, and the lower left and right sides of which each house a housing containing the four systems is arranged.

[0006] The mechanical inertial system includes a ball screw 2, a ball nut 3, a one-way bearing 4, and a flywheel 5. The housing has a through hole at one end, through which the ball screw 2 passes. One end of the ball screw 2 is located outside the housing and has a ring on it, which connects to the connecting steel frame 1. The other end of the housing also has a ring, which connects to the civil structure to be damped. The ball nut 3 is located inside the housing and is installed on the ball screw 2. A bearing is located between the ball nut 3 and the housing to ensure normal rotation of the ball nut 3. One end of the ball nut 3 is fixedly connected to the inner ring of the one-way bearing 4. The flywheel 5 has one end connected to... The outer ring of the one-way bearing 4 is fixedly connected, and the installation directions of the one-way bearings 4 on the left and right sides of the connecting steel frame 1 are opposite. The other end of the bearing is fixed to the bearing through a T-shaped component. The bearing is fixed on the inner wall of the outer shell. When the connecting steel frame 1 is subjected to external vibration, the linear motion drives the ball screw 2 to move linearly. The ball screw 2 drives the ball nut 3 to rotate. The ball nut 3 drives the one-way bearing 4 to rotate. The one-way bearing 4 drives the flywheel 5 to rotate. When the ball nut 3 drives the inner ring of the one-way bearing 4 to rotate in the positive direction, it drives the outer ring of the one-way bearing 4 to rotate in the same direction. When the ball nut 3 drives the inner ring of the one-way bearing 4 to rotate in the opposite direction, the one-way bearing 4 is locked and will not be driven.

[0007] The electro-capacitive system includes a rotating shaft 6, a motor 7, a variable capacitor 8, and a negative impedance circuit 9; the motor 7 is fixedly installed in the housing; one end of the rotating shaft 6 is fixedly connected to the rotor in the motor 7, and the other end is fixedly connected to the flywheel 5, the flywheel 5 rotates to drive the rotor in the motor 7 to rotate; the variable capacitor 8 and the negative impedance circuit 9 are connected in series with the motor 7.

[0008] The energy recovery control system includes an energy recovery circuit 10, a smart switch 11, an encoder 12, a signal line 13, and a resistor 14. The energy recovery circuit 10 is connected to both ends of a variable capacitor 8, and a smart switch 11 is provided in the energy recovery circuit 10, referred to here as the third switch. When the third switch is closed, the energy recovery circuit 10 operates, recovering the electrical energy of the variable capacitor 8; when the third switch is open, the energy recovery circuit 10 does not operate. The variable capacitor 8, the negative impedance circuit 9, and the smart switch 11 are connected in series, referred to here as the second switch. The motor 7, the resistor 14, and the smart switch 11 are connected in series, referred to here as the first switch. The resistor 14 and the first switch are connected in parallel with the variable capacitor 8, the negative impedance circuit 9, and the second switch. When the first switch is open and the second switch is closed, the inertial capacitor operates, and the inertial capacitor provides inertia. When the first switch is closed and the second switch is open, resistor 14 consumes energy and provides damping force, causing flywheel 5 to decelerate to 0. Encoder 12 is installed between motor 7 and flywheel 5 to measure the angular velocity of flywheel 5. Each smart switch 11 on this side is connected to encoder 12 in the energy recovery control system on the opposite side via signal line 13 to monitor the motion state of connecting steel frame 1. When encoder 12 recognizes that connecting steel frame 1 drives flywheel 5 in mechanical inertial capacitive system on the other side, a signal is transmitted to each smart switch 11. When flywheel 5 on the opposite side is working, third switch closes, energy recovery circuit 10 starts working, recovers electrical energy from variable capacitor 8, second switch opens, first switch closes, resistor 14 provides damping force, causing flywheel 5 in mechanical inertial capacitive system on this side to decelerate to 0. When flywheel 5 in mechanical inertial capacitive system on the opposite side is not working, third switch opens, second switch closes, first switch opens, variable capacitor 8 provides inertial mass.

[0009] The active inertial mass control system includes a displacement sensor 15, a velocity sensor 16, an intelligent controller 17, and a signal line 13. The displacement sensor 15 and the velocity sensor 16 are installed in the connecting steel frame 1. The active inertial mass control systems on the left and right sides of the connecting steel frame 1 share a set of displacement sensors 15 and velocity sensors 16. The intelligent controller 17 is connected to a variable capacitor 8. The displacement sensor 15 and the velocity sensor 16 transmit the motion state of the connecting steel frame 1 to the intelligent controllers 17 on the left and right sides respectively through the signal line 13, and adjust the size of the variable capacitor 8 according to the control strategy, thereby realizing semi-active control of active variable inertial mass.

[0010] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention ensures that the device provides inertial force during the structural acceleration phase and does not provide force during the structural deceleration phase. The electro-capacitive system can not only effectively reduce the design capacity of the mechanical capacitive system, but also, when combined with an active inertial mass control system, can achieve semi-active variable capacitive control similar to bang-bang control. Combined with an energy recovery control system, it can recover the kinetic energy of the flywheel during the deceleration phase. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 This is a diagram showing the installation layout of an electromechanical clutch variable inertia capacitive damper in a civil structure to be damped.

[0012] Figure 2 This is a design and structural diagram of an electromechanical clutch variable inertia capacitive damper;

[0013] Figure 3 It is a circuit design analysis diagram.

[0014] In the diagram: 1 Connecting steel frame; 2 Ball screw; 3 Ball nut; 4 One-way bearing; 5 Flywheel; 6 Shaft; 7 Motor; 8 Variable capacitor; 9 Negative impedance circuit; 10 Energy recovery circuit; 11 Smart switch; 12 Encoder; 13 Signal line; 14 Resistor; 15 Displacement sensor; 16 Speed ​​sensor; 17 Smart controller. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the technical solutions and accompanying drawings.

[0016] When the connecting steel frame 1 decelerates, the one-way bearing 4 of the electromechanical clutch-type inertial capacitive damper can rotate freely, and the device no longer provides inertial force to the connecting steel frame 1, thus avoiding adverse effects on the structure. The specific design process and working principle are as follows:

[0017] Design process (such as) Figure 1-3 (as shown)

[0018] (1) A mechanical inertial-capacity system consisting of ball screws 2, ball nuts 3, one-way bearings 4 and flywheels 5 is installed on both sides of the connecting steel frame 1, and the working directions of the flywheels 5 on both sides are opposite. When the connecting steel frame 1 is subjected to external vibration, the ball screws 2 on both sides drive the ball nuts 3 on both sides to rotate, and the ball nuts 3 on both sides drive the corresponding one-way bearings 4 to rotate in their respective working directions, and the working directions of the one-way bearings 4 on both sides are opposite, and the one-way bearings 4 on both sides drive the flywheels 5 on both sides to rotate respectively;

[0019] (2) The electric inertial capacitive system consists of a rotating shaft 6 and a motor 7 connected in series with a variable capacitor 8 and a negative impedance circuit 9. The motor 7 in the electric inertial capacitive system is installed on the outside of the flywheel 5, and the rotor in the motor 7 is coaxially fixedly connected to the flywheel 5 through the rotating shaft 6. The motor 7 is fixedly connected to the outer shell. The two sets of electric inertial capacitive systems are respectively connected to the mechanical inertial capacitive systems on the left and right sides of the connecting steel frame 1.

[0020] (3) The energy recovery circuit 10 is connected to both ends of the variable capacitor 8, and the energy recovery is controlled by the intelligent switch 11 (third switch) in the energy recovery circuit 10. The encoder 12 is installed between the motor 7 and the flywheel 5 to measure the angular velocity of the flywheel 5. All intelligent switches 11 (first, second, and third switches) are connected to the encoder 12 on the opposite side through signal lines 13 to monitor the movement state of the connecting steel frame 1. The variable capacitor 8, the negative impedance circuit 9, and the second switch are connected in parallel with the resistor 14 and the first switch across the motor 7. The three intelligent switches 11 determine whether to recover energy from the variable capacitor 8 based on the encoder 12 signal, and provide damping force to the flywheel 5 to decelerate it to 0, which can achieve bang-bang control with maximum control force during acceleration and zero control force during other stages;

[0021] (4) Install displacement sensor 15 and speed sensor 16 in the connecting steel frame 1, and transmit the motion state of the connecting steel frame 1 to the intelligent controllers 17 on the left and right sides respectively through signal line 13. The intelligent controllers 17 adjust the size of the variable capacitor 8 according to the control strategy.

[0022] Working principle:

[0023] (1) When the connecting steel frame 1 is subjected to external vibration, the ball nut 3 is driven by the ball screws 2 on the left and right sides of the connecting steel frame 1 to start rotating. The ball nut 3 drives the one-way bearing 4, which in turn drives the flywheel 5 and the motor 7 to start rotating. The movement of the structure provides energy to the flywheel 5 and the variable capacitor 8. The device provides inertial force to the structure to suppress the vibration of the structure. In essence, the flywheel 5 stores energy to generate mechanical inertia, and the variable capacitor 8 stores energy to generate electrical inertia.

[0024] (2) The one-way bearing 4 controls the flywheel 5 and the motor 7 to move in one direction. During the acceleration phase of the structure, the ball nut 3 drives the one-way bearing 4, which in turn drives the flywheel 5 and the motor 7, providing inertial force to the structure, which is beneficial to the structure's vibration reduction. During the deceleration phase of the structure, or the reverse motion phase, the one-way bearing 4 is locked, and the flywheel 5 and the motor 7 will not be driven, thus avoiding the provision of inertial force that is detrimental to the structure.

[0025] (3) When the flywheel 5 and motor 7 on the drive side of the connecting steel frame 1 rotate, the structure inputs energy to the flywheel 5 and variable capacitor 8. The flywheel 5 stores kinetic energy through rotational motion to provide mechanical inertia, and the variable capacitor 8 stores electrical energy to provide electrical inertia. When the flywheel 5 starts working, if the speed is not 0, the inertial force provided will decrease, and the mechanical inertia will decrease. When the variable capacitor 8 is fully charged, it will fail and will no longer be able to provide electrical inertia to the structure. Therefore, during the period when the inertia system on this side is not working (the mechanical inertia system and the electrical inertia system work simultaneously or not), a damping force needs to be provided through resistor 14 to decelerate the flywheel 5 to 0, ensuring that the mechanical inertia system works normally. The electrical energy in the variable capacitor 8 is recovered through the energy recovery circuit 10, which not only ensures the normal operation of the electrical inertia system but also enables energy recovery. When the encoder 12 connected to the other side of the steel frame 1 measures an increase in the speed of the flywheel, it indicates that the structure is driving the inertial capacitive system on the opposite side. At this time, the first and third switches on this side are closed, the second switch is opened, the flywheel 5 on this side is decelerated to 0, and energy is recovered from the variable capacitor 8 on this side. When the encoder 12 connected to the other side of the steel frame 1 measures a decrease in the speed of the flywheel, it indicates that the inertial capacitive system on the opposite side of the structure is not working, and the electro-inertial capacitive system on this side may be about to start working. At this time, the first and third switches on this side are opened, the second switch is closed, the flywheel 5 on this side provides mechanical inertia, and the variable capacitor 8 on this side provides electrical inertia.

[0026] (4) By connecting the displacement sensor 15 and the velocity sensor 16 in the steel frame 1, the motion state of the structure can be monitored. The signal is transmitted to the intelligent controller 17 on both sides through the signal line 13. Then, the size of the variable capacitor 8 is adjusted according to the control strategy, which can change the size of the electrical inertial capacitance, thereby changing the total inertial capacitance, and finally realizing the semi-active control of active variable inertial mass.

[0027] The following is a semi-active control strategy with active variable inertia. When the structure moves away from its equilibrium position (i.e., the product of its velocity and displacement is greater than 0), the size of the variable capacitor 8 on the working side is increased to increase the inertia and prevent the structure from moving away from its equilibrium position. When the structure returns to its equilibrium position (i.e., the product of its velocity and displacement is less than 0), the size of the variable capacitor 8 on the working side is decreased to decrease the inertia and promote the structure's return to its equilibrium position. The control force achievable by this strategy is:

[0028] ;

[0029] in, The mechanical inertia coefficient provided for the operation of the device; and Here, is the inertial capacitance factor provided for the device's operation in both cases, where, To provide a smaller inertial capacitance factor for the device during operation, To provide a larger inertial capacitance factor for the device during operation. , These represent the displacement, velocity, and acceleration responses of the structure containing the connecting steel frame 1.

Claims

1. An electromechanical clutch variable inertia capacitive damper, characterized in that, The electromechanical clutch variable inertial capacitive damper includes a mechanical inertial capacitive system, an electric inertial capacitive system, an energy recovery control system and an active inertial mass control system. The four systems are encapsulated in a shell and also include a trapezoidal connecting steel frame (1), the upper part of which is connected to the civil structure to be damped, and the lower left and right sides of which each have a shell encapsulating the four systems. The mechanical inertial system includes a ball screw (2), a ball nut (3), a one-way bearing (4), and a flywheel (5); the housing has a through hole at one end, through which the ball screw (2) passes. One end of the ball screw (2) is located outside the housing and has a ring on it, which is connected to the connecting steel frame (1). The other end of the housing also has a ring, which is connected to the civil structure to be damped; the ball nut (3) is located inside the housing and is installed on the ball screw (2). There is a bearing between the ball nut (3) and the housing to ensure that the ball nut (3) can rotate normally; one end of the ball nut (3) is fixedly connected to the inner ring of the one-way bearing (4); one end of the flywheel (5) is connected to the one-way shaft. The outer ring of the bearing (4) is fixedly connected, and the one-way bearings (4) on the left and right sides of the connecting steel frame (1) are installed in opposite directions. The other end of the bearing is fixed to the bearing through a T-shaped component. The bearing is fixed on the inner wall of the outer shell. When the connecting steel frame (1) is subjected to external vibration, the linear motion drives the ball screw (2) to move linearly. The ball screw (2) drives the ball nut (3) to rotate. The ball nut (3) drives the one-way bearing (4) to rotate. The one-way bearing (4) drives the flywheel (5) to rotate. When the ball nut (3) drives the inner ring of the one-way bearing (4) to rotate in the positive direction, it drives the outer ring of the one-way bearing (4) to rotate in the same direction. When the ball nut (3) drives the inner ring of the one-way bearing (4) to rotate in the opposite direction, the one-way bearing (4) is locked and will not be driven. The electro-capacitive system includes a rotating shaft (6), a motor (7), a variable capacitor (8), and a negative impedance circuit (9); the motor (7) is fixedly installed in the housing; one end of the rotating shaft (6) is fixedly connected to the rotor in the motor (7), and the other end is fixedly connected to the flywheel (5), the flywheel (5) rotates to drive the rotor in the motor (7) to rotate; the variable capacitor (8) and the negative impedance circuit (9) are connected in series with the motor (7); The energy recovery control system includes an energy recovery circuit (10), a smart switch (11), an encoder (12), a signal line (13), and a resistor (14). The energy recovery circuit (10) is connected to both ends of the variable capacitor (8), and a smart switch (11) is provided in the energy recovery circuit (10). The smart switch (11) here is named the third switch. When the third switch is closed, the energy recovery circuit (10) works and recovers the electrical energy of the variable capacitor (8). When the third switch is open, the energy recovery circuit (10) does not work. The variable capacitor (8), the negative impedance circuit (9), and the smart switch (11) are connected in series. The smart switch (11) here is named the second switch. The motor (7), the resistor (14), and the smart switch (11) are connected in series. The smart switch (11) here is named the first switch. The resistor (14) and the first switch are connected in parallel with the variable capacitor (8), the negative impedance circuit (9), and the second switch. When the first switch is open and the second switch is closed, the inertial capacitor works and provides inertia. When one switch is closed and the second switch is open, the resistor (14) consumes energy and provides damping force, causing the flywheel (5) to decelerate to 0. The encoder (12) is installed between the motor (7) and the flywheel (5) to measure the angular velocity of the flywheel (5). Each smart switch (11) on this side is connected to the encoder (12) in the energy recovery control system on the opposite side via a signal line (13) to monitor the motion state of the connecting steel frame (1). When the encoder (12) recognizes that the connecting steel frame (1) is driving the flywheel in the mechanical inertial capacitive system on the other side, the encoder (12) can detect the motion state of the connecting steel frame (1). (5) When working, the signal is transmitted to each smart switch (11); when the flywheel (5) on the opposite side is working, the third switch is closed, the energy recovery circuit (10) starts working, recovers the electrical energy of the variable capacitor (8), the second switch is open, the first switch is closed, the resistor (14) provides damping force, so that the flywheel (5) in the mechanical inertial capacitive system on this side decelerates to 0; when the flywheel (5) in the mechanical inertial capacitive system on the opposite side is not working, the third switch is open, the second switch is closed, the first switch is open, and the variable capacitor (8) provides inertial mass; The active inertial mass control system includes a displacement sensor (15), a velocity sensor (16), an intelligent controller (17), and a signal line (13). The displacement sensor (15) and the velocity sensor (16) are installed in the connecting steel frame (1). The active inertial mass control systems on the left and right sides of the connecting steel frame (1) share a set of displacement sensor (15) and velocity sensor (16). The intelligent controller (17) is connected to the variable capacitor (8). The displacement sensor (15) and the velocity sensor (16) transmit the motion state of the connecting steel frame (1) to the intelligent controllers (17) on the left and right sides respectively through the signal line (13), and adjust the size of the variable capacitor (8) according to the control strategy, thereby realizing the semi-active control of active variable inertial mass.

2. The electromechanical clutch variable inertia capacitive damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control strategy is as follows: when the structure is far from the equilibrium position, that is, when the product of the structure's velocity and displacement is greater than 0, the size of the variable capacitor (8) on the working side is increased to increase the inertia and suppress the structure from moving away from the equilibrium position; when the structure returns to the equilibrium position, that is, when the product of the structure's velocity and displacement is less than 0, the size of the variable capacitor (8) on the working side is decreased to decrease the inertia and promote the structure to return to the equilibrium position; the control force that the control strategy can achieve is: ； in, The mechanical inertia coefficient provided for the operation of the device. and The capacitance factor provided for the device during operation in both cases. , The values ​​are the displacement, velocity, and acceleration response of the structure where the connecting steel frame (1) is located.

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