An anti-coagulation and degumming accelerator for natural rubber and its application

Abstract

This invention provides a natural rubber anticoagulant and latex-expelling accelerator and its application. The accelerator includes an anticoagulant, a cut repair agent, and an active stabilizer. The anticoagulant is a citrate, heparin ammonium salt, or dithiothreon derivative; the cut repair agent is a phenylurea derivative; and the active stabilizer is at least one of sorbitol, phenacetin, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and sodium octaborate tetrahydrate. The accelerator of this invention is safer and more efficient when applied to rubber tree tapping, promoting latex excretion and tree recovery, effectively saving bark consumption, significantly reducing ethylene stimulation concentration, effectively reducing the side effects of ethylene, obtaining ideal yield, accelerating the repair of cut bark, and reducing the risk of pathogen infection of wounds.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of natural rubber tapping technology, specifically to a natural rubber anti-coagulation and excretion accelerator and its application. Background Technology

[0002] From the outside in, the bark of a natural rubber tree consists of the outer bark, the sandy bark, the yellow bark, the sap bark, and the cambium. As the most important latex-producing plant, the inner sandy bark, yellow bark, and sap bark of the rubber tree have a specialized latex-producing tissue—latex ducts. The yellow bark layer has the most latex ducts and is the main latex-producing part of the rubber tree.

[0003] Currently, the method for obtaining fresh latex from the bark of natural rubber trees in production usually involves using tapping tools, such as manual tapping knives, electric tapping knives, or automated tapping machines, to cut the bark, sever the latex ducts, and collect the latex flowing from the cut ends.

[0004] When tapping rubber, the cutting blade on the tool should cut to a depth at least reaching the aforementioned water sac bark to sever the latex ducts; typically, a spiral cut is made along the height of the trunk. A latex collection bowl is placed at the lowest point of the spiral cut line, and the latex in the latex ducts flows into the bowl along the spiral cut line, completing the latex collection.

[0005] Latex production requires synthesis time, so the above description represents one harvesting process. After harvesting, it is necessary to wait for the latex to recombine within the latex tubes. The latex discharged from the tubes will solidify, dry, and block the cut ends of the tubes within 3-5 hours, stopping discharge. The process must be repeated for subsequent harvests. Therefore, tapping techniques and systems are crucial aspects of natural rubber cultivation, directly impacting yield and long-term economic benefits.

[0006] Latex yield is related to the genetic factors of the rubber tree itself, as well as tapping techniques, the number of latex tubes cut, and the coagulation properties of the latex. Therefore, in production, to obtain more latex and higher economic benefits, s / 2 tapping (half a tree circumference) is commonly used to increase the number of latex tubes cut. Ethephon is applied to the tapping line, or an air-punching chamber is installed on the bark near the tapping line, injecting ethylene gas to stimulate tapping, thereby extending the latex discharge time and increasing latex yield. Generally, the longer the tapping line, the higher the concentration of ethephon (or ethylene gas) stimulation, and the longer the stimulation time, the higher the latex yield.

[0007] However, tapping at half the tree cycle (s / 2) consumes a significant amount of rubber tree bark, which is detrimental to the production of rubber trees, a long-cycle crop. Higher concentrations and longer durations of ethephon (or ethylene gas) stimulation result in greater latex discharge, but also lower dry content. This can easily lead to hardening of the rubber tree bark, shrinkage of latex ducts, and drying of the tapped surface, causing bark necrosis, reduced yields, and even zero production for decades, resulting in substantial production losses. This has become a major technical challenge for the industry.

[0008] Existing rubber production accelerators or yield enhancers mostly employ combinations of ethylene and chemical reagents or nutrients. As mentioned earlier, ethylene alone promotes rubber expulsion and increases yield, but excessive use has significant side effects. The chemical reagents used, such as triethylamine and phenylthioamide, while promoting rubber expulsion, are highly toxic, flammable, and explosive, posing significant safety hazards.

[0009] Therefore, inventing safe and efficient latex-removing accelerators and latex anticoagulants to reduce bark consumption, obtain ideal latex yield, and minimize the use of ethylene to avoid its side effects is an urgent problem to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0010] In view of this, the present invention proposes a highly efficient and safe natural rubber anticoagulation and latex excretion accelerator and its application, which improves upon the above-mentioned problems, reduces the amount of ethephon or ethylene gas applied, reduces damage to the rubber tree, and obtains a reasonable latex yield.

[0011] The technical solution of this invention is implemented as follows:

[0012] A natural rubber anticoagulant and desiccant accelerator includes an anticoagulant, a cut repair agent, and an active stabilizer; the anticoagulant is a citrate, a heparin ammonium salt, or a dithiothreonide; the cut repair agent is a phenylurea derivative; and the active stabilizer is at least one of sorbitol, phenacetin, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and sodium octaborate tetrahydrate.

[0013] The anticoagulant can effectively reduce latex coagulation and prolong latex discharge time; the cut repair agent can promote rapid regeneration and recovery of the bark at the cut, reduce the risk of pathogen invasion at the cut, and increase the chlorophyll content of rubber tree leaves, improve light efficiency and latex synthesis; the active stabilizer can prevent the anticoagulant and cut repair agent from oxidizing and becoming ineffective in the natural environment, promote their absorption, improve utilization efficiency, and save costs.

[0014] To further clarify, the citrates are at least one of magnesium citrate, calcium citrate, potassium citrate, and sodium citrate.

[0015] To further clarify, the heparin ammonium salt is at least one of heparin sodium, heparin potassium, and heparin lithium.

[0016] To further clarify, the dithiothreitol is dithiothreitol (also known as 1,4-dimercaptothreitol, 1,4-dithiothreitol, Clelan's reagent).

[0017] To further clarify, the phenylurea derivative is phenylthiadiazolylurea (also known as: N-phenyl-N,-1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-urea).

[0018] To further clarify, by mass percentage, the amount of the citrate is 2.0–3.0%; the amount of the heparin ammonium salt is 0–0.03%; the amount of the dithiothreonide is 0.02–0.05%; the amount of the phenylurea derivative is 0.01–0.03%; and the amount of the active stabilizer is 1.0–2.0%.

[0019] To further explain, the application of a natural rubber anti-coagulation and decanting accelerator includes the following steps:

[0020] S1. Take polyvinyl alcohol with a mass concentration of 3.0-4.0%, rare earth elements with a mass concentration of 0.1-0.3%, and ammonium molybdate with a mass concentration of 0.2-0.4%. Then, according to the formula table, slowly add the corresponding amount of anticoagulant, cut repair agent and active stabilizer while stirring, and mix with the remaining water to form a paste or ointment. After mixing evenly, let it stand and store.

[0021] S2. Apply the above-mentioned paste or ointment evenly to the incision line, and apply it once every 8-10 days.

[0022] S3, ethylene-stimulated rubber tapping, frequency is once every 3-5 days.

[0023] To further clarify, the ethylene irritant concentration is 0.5-1.0%, and the secant line is a standard secant line of s / 2 or a short line of 2-5cm.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0025] (1) This invention addresses the problems of latex production caused by the use of ethephon or ethylene gas to stimulate tapping, the occurrence of dead bark disease when the intensity is too high, and the low latex yield when the amount used is small. It adopts a compound formula of anticoagulant, cut repair agent and active stabilizer to extend the solidification time of latex at the tapping line cut by 4 to 5 hours (that is, the latex discharge time is extended by 4 to 5 hours after one tapping operation). The reagent has the functions of sterilization, water retention and promoting rapid regeneration of bark at the cut, thus reducing the generation of pathogens at the bark cut.

[0026] (2) When the anticoagulant and gum-removing accelerator of this invention is applied, the yield can be the same as before when the intensity of ethephon or ethylene gas stimulation is reduced by 50%, effectively reducing the side effects of ethylene. At the same time, it rapidly promotes the regeneration of bark at the cut, which is beneficial to reducing pathogen infection and the occurrence of dead bark disease.

[0027] (3) The anticoagulation and rubber expulsion promoter of the present invention is suitable for conventional S / 2 tapping and short-line S / 4 and S / 8 tapping. With a significant reduction in tapping length, combined with low-intensity ethylene gas stimulation, it can achieve the same yield as traditional artificial S / 2 tapping, which reduces the amount of bark consumed, extends the economic cycle, and protects the rubber tree from excessive stimulation that leads to dead bark disease. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To better understand the technical content of this invention, specific embodiments are provided below to further illustrate the invention.

[0029] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the embodiments of this invention are all conventional methods.

[0030] Unless otherwise specified, all materials and reagents used in the embodiments of this invention are commercially available.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] Table 1. Chemical additives and their amounts in Example 1 (by mass percentage)

[0033] Components Dosage medicine citrates 2.0％ Potassium citrate 1.0%, sodium citrate 1.0% Heparin ammonium salts 0.02％ Heparin sodium 0.01%, heparin lithium 0.01% Dithiothreose 0.02％ Dithiothreitol 0.02% Phenyleurone derivatives 0.01％ 0.01% phenylthiazolylurea Active stabilizers 1.5％ Add 0.5% Pingping and 1.0% polyvinylpyrrolidone.

[0034] The application of a natural rubber anti-coagulation and decanting accelerator includes the following steps:

[0035] S1. Take polyvinyl alcohol with a mass concentration of 3.0%, rare earth element with a mass concentration of 0.1%, and ammonium molybdate with a mass concentration of 0.2%. Then, according to the formula table in Table 1, slowly add the corresponding amount of reagent and mix with the remaining water to form 100g of paste or slurry. After mixing evenly, let it stand and store for 24 hours.

[0036] S2. Apply the above paste evenly to the cutting line with a brush, and apply it once every 10 days.

[0037] S3, with an ethylene oxide (ET) stimulant concentration of 0.5%, was used for conventional tapping at s / 2 intervals, with a frequency of one tap every 3 days. This was continued for 5 months. The latex yield per tap was measured for 30 rubber trees, and the average yield was calculated.

[0038] Example 2

[0039] The application of a natural rubber anti-coagulation and decanting accelerator includes the following steps:

[0040] S1. Take polyvinyl alcohol with a mass concentration of 3.0%, rare earth element with a mass concentration of 0.1%, and ammonium molybdate with a mass concentration of 0.2%. Then, according to the formula table in Table 1, slowly add the corresponding amount of reagent and mix with the remaining water to form 100g of paste or slurry. After mixing evenly, let it stand and store for 24 hours.

[0041] S2. Apply the above paste evenly to the cutting line with a brush, and apply it once every 10 days.

[0042] S3, with an ethylene oxide (ET) stimulant concentration of 1.0%, was used for conventional tapping at s / 2 intervals, with a frequency of one tap every 3 days. This was continued for 5 months. The latex yield per tap was measured for 30 rubber trees, and the average value was calculated.

[0043] Example 3

[0044] Table 2. Chemical additives and their amounts in Examples 3-4 (by mass percentage)

[0045]

[0046]

[0047] The application of a natural rubber anti-coagulation and decanting accelerator includes the following steps:

[0048] S1. Take polyvinyl alcohol with a mass concentration of 3.2%, rare earth element with a mass concentration of 0.2%, and ammonium molybdate with a mass concentration of 0.3%. Then, according to the formula table in Table 2, slowly stir and add the corresponding amount of reagents, and mix with the remaining water to form 100g of paste or slurry. After mixing evenly, let stand and store for 24 hours.

[0049] S2. Apply evenly to the cut lines with a brush, and apply once every 8 days;

[0050] S3, Ethylene Gel Stimulation (GET) intensity was used in a 24-hour stimulation followed by a 48-hour shutdown cycle, employing a 2cm short-line micro-tap. The tapping frequency was one cut every 5 days, with continuous tapping for 5 months. Latex yield and dry content per cut were measured for 30 rubber trees, and the average value was calculated.

[0051] Example 4

[0052] The application of a natural rubber anti-coagulation and decanting accelerator includes the following steps:

[0053] S1. Take polyvinyl alcohol with a mass concentration of 3.2%, rare earth element with a mass concentration of 0.2%, and ammonium molybdate with a mass concentration of 0.3%. Then, according to the formula table in Table 2, slowly stir and add the corresponding amount of reagents, and mix with the remaining water to form 100g of paste or slurry. After mixing evenly, let stand and store for 24 hours.

[0054] S2. Apply evenly to the cut lines with a brush, and apply once every 8 days;

[0055] S3, Ethylene Gel Stimulation (GET) intensity was used in a 24-hour stimulation followed by a 48-hour shutdown cycle, employing a 2cm short-line micro-tap. The tapping frequency was one cut every 5 days, with continuous tapping for 5 months. Latex yield and dry content per cut were measured for 30 rubber trees, and the average value was calculated.

[0056] Example 5

[0057] Table 3. Chemical additives and their amounts (by mass percentage) in Example 5 and Comparative Examples 3-5

[0058] medicine Example 5 Comparative Example 3 Comparative Example 4 Comparative Example 5 Sodium citrate 2.0％ 2.0％ 0 0 Dithiothreitol 0.02％ 0 0.02％ 0 Phenylacetiadiazole 0.02％ 0 0 0.02％ Polyvinylpyrrolidone 1.0％ 0 0 0

[0059] The application of a natural rubber anti-coagulation and decanting accelerator includes the following steps:

[0060] S1. Take polyvinyl alcohol with a mass concentration of 4.0%, rare earth element with a mass concentration of 0.3%, and ammonium molybdate with a mass concentration of 0.4%. Then, according to the formula table in Table 3, slowly stir and add the corresponding amount of reagents, and mix with the remaining water to form 100g of paste or slurry. After mixing evenly, let stand and store for 24 hours.

[0061] S2. Apply evenly to the cut lines with a brush, and apply once every 10 days;

[0062] S3, Ethylene Gel Stimulation (GET) intensity was used in a 24-hour stimulation followed by a 48-hour shutdown cycle, employing a 5cm short-line micro-tap. The tapping frequency was one cut every 5 days, with continuous tapping for 5 months. The latex yield and dry content per cut were measured for 30 rubber trees, and the average value was calculated.

[0063] Comparative Example 1

[0064] The conventional rubber tapping method includes the following steps:

[0065] Ethylene stimulant concentration was 1.5%, and rubber was tapped using a standard s / 2 tapping line. The tapping frequency was one cut every 3 days, and tapping continued for 5 months. The latex yield per cut was measured.

[0066] Comparative Example 2

[0067] The conventional rubber tapping method includes the following steps:

[0068] Ethylene aerosol stimulation was applied continuously, using short tapping lines of 5 cm. The tapping frequency was one cut every 5 days, for a total of 5 months. Latex yield and dry content per cut were measured for 30 rubber trees, and the average value was calculated.

[0069] Comparative Examples 3-5

[0070] The application of a natural rubber anti-coagulation and decanting accelerator differs from that in Example 5 in that:

[0071] In step S1, the formulas for comparative examples 3-5 in Table 3 above are followed respectively.

[0072] Experimental results

[0073] Comparison of the rubber tapping effects of Examples 1-2 and Comparative Example 1:

[0074] The latex weight, dry rubber content, and dry rubber yield were measured for each cut. The latex weight was directly weighed using an electronic balance, and the dry rubber content was determined using a drying method. Latex weight × dry rubber content = dry rubber yield.

[0075] Table 4 Comparison of the effects of Examples 1-2 and Comparative Example 1

[0076]

[0077] As shown in Table 4, although the ethephon stimulation concentration (ET, 1.0%) in Example 1 was 33.3% lower than that in Comparative Example 1 (ET, 1.5%), the glue removal time was extended by 3.25 h, the glue yield increased by 12.1%, the dry content increased by 1.61 percentage points, and the dry glue yield increased by 17.37%. In Example 2, with the same ethephon stimulation concentration (ET, 1.5%) as Comparative Example 1 (ET, 1.5%), the glue removal time was extended by 4.45 h, the glue yield increased by 35.89%, the dry content increased by 1.36 percentage points, and the dry glue yield increased by 41.29%.

[0078] Comparison of the rubber tapping effects in Examples 3-4 and Comparative Example 2:

[0079] Table 5 Comparison of the effects of Examples 3-4 and Comparative Example 2

[0080]

[0081] As shown in Table 5, although the ethylene blasting (GET) intensity of Examples 3-4 was reduced by 50% and the effective cutting length was reduced by 3 / 5 compared to Comparative Example 2, i.e. the number of latex tubes cut and the amount of rubber consumed were reduced by 60%, the latex discharge time of Example 3 was extended by 4.22 h and the dry content increased by 1.86 percentage points. The latex yield reached 81.22% of Comparative Example 2 and the dry rubber yield reached 85.75% of Comparative Example 2. The latex discharge time of Example 4 was extended by 5.1 h and the dry content increased by 1.81 percentage points. The latex yield reached 86.69% of Comparative Example 2 and the dry rubber yield reached 91.40% of Comparative Example 2. With the increase of the content of each chemical component of the anticoagulant latex discharge accelerator, the latex and dry rubber yields also increased.

[0082] Rubber tapping yield of Example 5, Comparative Examples 3-5 and Comparative Example 2:

[0083] Table 6 Comparison of the effects of Example 5 and Comparative Examples 3-5 with Comparative Example 2

[0084]

[0085] As shown in Table 6, compared to Comparative Example 2, Comparative Example 3, which only added sodium citrate, had a 3.24-hour longer latex removal time, an 11.94% increase in latex yield, a 1.86 percentage point increase in dry content, and an 18.19% increase in dry rubber yield; Comparative Example 4, which only added dithiothreitol, had a 3.54-hour longer latex removal time, a 26.4% increase in latex yield, a 1.6 percentage point increase in dry content, and a 32.47% increase in dry rubber yield; Comparative Example 5, which only added phenylthiazolylurea, had a 1.14-hour longer latex removal time, a 3.18% increase in latex yield, a 2.23 percentage point increase in dry content, and a 10.09% increase in dry rubber yield; and Example 5, which had a 4.74-hour longer latex removal time, a 44.18% increase in latex yield, a 1.4 percentage point increase in dry content, and a 50.23% increase in dry rubber yield. Although the ethylene blasting (GET) intensity of Examples 5 and Comparative Examples 3-5 was reduced by 50% compared to Comparative Example 2, the application of the anticoagulant, cut repair agent and active stabilizer in the formulation in Table 3, alone or in combination, all played a good role in promoting yield increase. Among them, the latex discharge extension time, latex yield, dry content increase and dry rubber yield increase of Example 5 were significantly higher than those of Comparative Examples 3-5.

[0086] Observations showed that the average recovery time of the bark cut in Comparative Example 1 was about 10 days, Comparative Example 2 was 12 days, Example 1 was 6 days, Example 2 was 7 days, Examples 3-5 were 4 days, and Comparative Example 3-5 were 6 days. Regarding dead bark: Comparative Examples 1 and 2 showed local dead bark in 2 trees, while Examples 1-5 and Comparative Example 3-5 showed no dead bark. The natural rubber anticoagulation and desiccant of the present invention can shorten the average recovery time by nearly half and reduce the dead bark rate by 3.3 percentage points.

[0087] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Any modifications or omissions made in this invention are subject to the limitations of the present invention.

[0088] Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this invention shall be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A natural rubber anti-coagulation and devulcanization accelerator, characterized by: The natural rubber anti-coagulation and gum removal accelerator is: an anti-coagulant, a cut repair agent, an active stabilizer, polyvinyl alcohol, a rare earth element, ammonium molybdate and water; The anti-coagulant is a citrate, an ammonium heparin salt and a dithiothreitol, the cut repair agent is a phenylurea derivative, and the active stabilizer is at least one of sorbitol, piperazine, polyvinylpyrrolidone and sodium octaborate tetrahydrate; In terms of mass percentage, the amount of the citrate in the natural rubber anti-coagulation and gum removal accelerator is 2.0-3.0%, the amount of the ammonium heparin salt is 0-0.03%, the amount of the dithiothreitol is 0.02-0.05%, the amount of the phenylurea derivative is 0.01-0.03%, the amount of the active stabilizer is 1.0-2.0%, the amount of the polyvinyl alcohol is 3.0-4.0%, the amount of the rare earth element is 0.1-0.3%, the amount of the ammonium molybdate is 0.2-0.4%, and the balance is water; The dithiothreitol is dithiothreitol; The phenylurea derivative is phenylthiadiazolyl urea.

2. The natural rubber coagulation and devulcanization accelerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The citrate is at least one of magnesium citrate, calcium citrate, potassium citrate and sodium citrate.

3. The natural rubber coagulation and devolatilization accelerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ammonium heparin salt is at least one of sodium heparin, potassium heparin and lithium heparin.

4. Use of a natural rubber coagulation and devulcanization accelerator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1, taking polyvinyl alcohol, a rare earth element, ammonium molybdate, and then slowly stirring to add an anti-coagulant, a cut repair agent, an active stabilizer and the balance of water to mix into a paste or paste, and then uniformly mixing and storing after standing; S2, uniformly applying the paste or paste to the cutting line, and applying once every 8-10 days; S3, stimulating the incision gum with ethylene or stimulating the micro-injury incision gum with ethylene gas, and the incision gum frequency is 3-5 days per knife.

5. 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The use according to claim 4, wherein: ​

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