A multi-mode fuel injection rod for afterburner or ram combustion chamber

Abstract

This invention discloses a multi-mode fuel injector for afterburner or ramjet combustion chambers, comprising a fuel supply pipe, a piston cylinder, a return spring, a housing, a piston, a piston rod, and a valve core. The housing includes an inlet cylinder, a connecting cylinder, a diffuser cylinder, an outlet cylinder, and a fuel injector. A first fuel passage and a second fuel passage are formed within the housing. Fuel is supplied to the inlet cylinder through the fuel supply port. By adjusting the fuel supply pressure, the vertical displacement of the piston is adjusted to control the opening and closing of the inlets of the first and second fuel passages, thereby achieving different fuel supply modes under different fuel supply pressures. This invention achieves three fuel supply modes with a single fuel injector, greatly simplifying the fuel supply system for afterburner or ramjet combustion chambers, reducing structural weight, and meeting the fuel supply requirements of the combustion chamber under different operating conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of novel fuel supply systems for afterburners or ramjet combustors, with the aim of improving the combustion performance of afterburners or ramjet combustors. It is mainly used as a fuel supply device for afterburners or ramjet combustors in aero engines, but can also be used in other combustors such as interstage combustors and gas turbine combustors. Technical Background

[0002] Since the fuel supply to afterburners or ramjet combustion chambers directly affects their combustion performance, the design of the fuel injector is a crucial aspect of afterburner design. The fuel injector design must ensure optimal fuel distribution within the combustion chamber during full-load operation to achieve the best combustion performance and meet the combustion chamber design specifications. Furthermore, it must maintain good fuel distribution characteristics and combustion efficiency even during low-load operation. In addition, the fuel supply system must guarantee good transition performance, ensuring reliable operation and preventing flameout during transitions between low and high load conditions. Currently, the fuel supply system primarily employs a zoned fuel supply approach to meet the design requirements of afterburners or ramjet combustion chambers.

[0003] The concept of zoned fuel supply involves dividing the entire combustion chamber into several zones, each supplied with fuel through fuel injectors and other fuel supply devices. When the combustion chamber is operating at its lowest setting, only a few zones receive fuel. Therefore, although the fuel supply is small at this low setting, the relatively concentrated supply ensures that the local fuel concentration remains at a level conducive to combustion. Furthermore, localized fuel supply prevents the fuel pressure from becoming too low, thereby increasing the fuel penetration depth and air-fuel mixture, which also improves combustion performance. As the operating state of the afterburner or ramjet combustion chamber gradually increases, each zone gradually participates in the fuel supply process according to design principles. This ensures that the fuel-air mixture distribution within the combustion chamber remains at an optimal level during the transition between different operating states, thus maintaining high combustion performance.

[0004] Currently, zoned fuel supply systems are mainly classified into annular zoned fuel supply, sector-shaped zoned fuel supply, and combined zoned fuel supply. However, regardless of the type, multiple injectors or fuel supply devices are required to meet the fuel supply position requirements of different zones. This undoubtedly increases the overall complexity of the fuel supply system, and increasing the number of fuel supply devices also increases the overall weight of the afterburner or ramjet combustion chamber. Therefore, it is essential to improve the injectors for afterburner or ramjet combustion chambers so that a single injector can meet multiple fuel supply requirements. This would reduce the number of injectors while satisfying the fuel supply needs of the combustion chamber under different operating conditions, simplifying the afterburner or ramjet combustion chamber fuel supply system, and reducing structural weight. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a multi-mode fuel injection rod for a booster or ram-type combustion chamber, addressing the design challenges involved in the background art.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A multi-mode fuel injection rod for a booster or ram combustion chamber includes a fuel supply pipe, a piston cylinder, a return spring, a housing, a piston, a piston rod, and a valve core.

[0008] The piston cylinder is a hollow cylinder with a closed upper end and an open lower end;

[0009] The housing includes an oil inlet cylinder, a connecting cylinder, a diffuser cylinder, an oil outlet cylinder, and a spray bar. The oil inlet cylinder is a hollow cylinder with an open top and a first connecting hole at the center of its lower end. The connecting cylinder is a hollow cylinder with open ends. The diffuser cylinder is a hollow frustum with open ends. The oil outlet cylinder is a hollow cylinder with an open top and a second connecting hole at the center of its lower end. The spray bar is a hollow cylinder with open ends. One end of the connecting cylinder is coaxially and sealed to the first connecting hole of the oil inlet cylinder, and the other end is coaxially and sealed to the smaller-area end of the diffuser cylinder. The larger-area end of the diffuser cylinder is coaxially and sealed to the upper end of the oil outlet cylinder. The oil outlet cylinder is coaxially and sealed to one end of the spray bar at its second connecting hole.

[0010] The inner diameter of the oil inlet cylinder is the same as that of the piston cylinder, and the open end of the piston cylinder and the open end of the oil inlet cylinder are coaxially and sealed together.

[0011] The inner wall of the oil inlet cylinder is provided with annular protrusions;

[0012] The piston is disposed inside the piston cylinder; one end of the return spring is fixedly connected to the closed end of the piston cylinder, and the other end is fixedly connected to the piston cylinder, and is in a compressed state; the piston can slide freely between the piston cylinder, the closed end, and the annular protrusion of the oil inlet cylinder, and the piston is sealed with the inner wall of the piston cylinder and the oil inlet cylinder.

[0013] The valve core is frustum-shaped and is set inside the diffuser. Its slope is the same as that of the diffuser. The diameter of the end with the larger end face area is larger than the inner diameter of the connecting cylinder and smaller than the diameter of the piston end face.

[0014] The piston rod is disposed between the piston and the valve core, with one end coaxially fixed to the piston and the other end coaxially fixed to the smaller end of the valve core.

[0015] The oil inlet cylinder has an oil inlet hole on its side wall between the end with the first connecting hole and the annular protrusion; one end of the oil supply pipe is connected to external oil, and the other end is sealed to the oil inlet hole of the oil inlet cylinder; the oil inlet hole of the oil inlet cylinder and the end of the spray bar away from the oil outlet cylinder form a first oil passage.

[0016] The oil inlet cylinder has an oil inlet on the inner wall between its open end and the annular protrusion, and the spray bar has an oil outlet on the end face away from the oil outlet cylinder. The housing has a channel between the oil inlet and the oil outlet, forming a second oil passage.

[0017] When the oil supply pressure in the oil supply pipe is greater than zero and less than the preset first oil pressure P1, the piston and the annular protrusion abut against each other, blocking the oil inlet. The side wall of the valve core and the inner wall of the gradually expanding part do not fit together. At this time, the first oil passage is unobstructed and the second oil passage is closed.

[0018] When the oil supply pressure is greater than the preset first oil pressure P1 and less than the preset second oil pressure P2, the piston compression return spring moves, the oil inlet and the first oil circuit are connected, the side wall of the valve core and the inner wall of the gradually expanding part do not fit together, at this time the first oil circuit is unobstructed and the second oil circuit is also unobstructed.

[0019] When the oil supply pressure is greater than the preset second oil pressure P2, the piston continues to compress the return spring, the oil inlet and the first oil circuit are connected, and the side wall of the valve core and the inner wall of the expanding part are sealed together. At this time, the first oil circuit is closed and the second oil circuit is unobstructed.

[0020] As a further optimization of the multi-mode fuel injector in the afterburner or ram combustion chamber of the present invention, both the fuel inlet and the fuel outlet are annular.

[0021] As a further optimization of the multi-mode fuel injector rod of the afterburner or ram combustion chamber of the present invention, both the fuel inlet and the fuel outlet are blind holes.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention, employing the above technical solution, has the following technical effects:

[0023] 1. By using a single fuel injector to achieve three fuel supply modes, the fuel supply system of the afterburner or ramjet combustion chamber is greatly simplified, the structural weight of the fuel supply system is reduced, and the fuel supply requirements of the combustion chamber under different operating conditions are met.

[0024] 2. The present invention has a simple structure, excellent performance, and is easy to implement technically. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of fuel flow when the first oil passage is open and the second oil passage is closed according to the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of fuel flow when the first oil passage and the second oil passage are unobstructed according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of fuel flow when the first oil passage is closed and the second oil passage is open, according to the present invention.

[0031] In the diagram, 1-oil supply port, 2-piston rod, 3-reset spring, 4-first oil passage, 5-second oil passage, 6-oil inlet cylinder, 7-annular protrusion. Implementation

[0032] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0033] This invention can be implemented in many different forms and should not be considered as limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the invention will be thoroughly and completely disclosed and will fully express the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

[0034] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the present invention discloses a multi-mode fuel injection rod for a booster or ram combustion chamber, including a fuel supply pipe, a piston cylinder, a return spring, a housing, a piston, a piston rod, and a valve core;

[0035] The piston cylinder is a hollow cylinder with a closed upper end and an open lower end;

[0036] The housing includes an oil inlet cylinder, a connecting cylinder, a diffuser cylinder, an oil outlet cylinder, and a spray bar. The oil inlet cylinder is a hollow cylinder with an open top and a first connecting hole at the center of its lower end. The connecting cylinder is a hollow cylinder with open ends. The diffuser cylinder is a hollow frustum with open ends. The oil outlet cylinder is a hollow cylinder with an open top and a second connecting hole at the center of its lower end. The spray bar is a hollow cylinder with open ends. One end of the connecting cylinder is coaxially and sealed to the first connecting hole of the oil inlet cylinder, and the other end is coaxially and sealed to the smaller-area end of the diffuser cylinder. The larger-area end of the diffuser cylinder is coaxially and sealed to the upper end of the oil outlet cylinder. The oil outlet cylinder is coaxially and sealed to one end of the spray bar at its second connecting hole.

[0037] The inner diameter of the oil inlet cylinder is the same as that of the piston cylinder, and the open end of the piston cylinder and the open end of the oil inlet cylinder are coaxially and sealed together.

[0038] The inner wall of the oil inlet cylinder is provided with annular protrusions;

[0039] The piston is disposed inside the piston cylinder; one end of the return spring is fixedly connected to the closed end of the piston cylinder, and the other end is fixedly connected to the piston cylinder, and is in a compressed state; the piston can slide freely between the piston cylinder, the closed end, and the annular protrusion of the oil inlet cylinder, and the piston is sealed with the inner wall of the piston cylinder and the oil inlet cylinder.

[0040] The valve core is frustum-shaped and is set inside the diffuser. Its slope is the same as that of the diffuser. The diameter of the end with the larger end face area is larger than the inner diameter of the connecting cylinder and smaller than the diameter of the piston end face.

[0041] The piston rod is disposed between the piston and the valve core, with one end coaxially fixed to the piston and the other end coaxially fixed to the smaller end of the valve core.

[0042] The oil inlet cylinder has an oil inlet hole on its side wall between the end with the first connecting hole and the annular protrusion; one end of the oil supply pipe is connected to external oil, and the other end is sealed to the oil inlet hole of the oil inlet cylinder; the oil inlet hole of the oil inlet cylinder and the end of the spray bar away from the oil outlet cylinder form a first oil passage.

[0043] The oil inlet cylinder has an oil inlet on the inner wall between its open end and the annular protrusion, and the spray bar has an oil outlet on the end face away from the oil outlet cylinder. The housing has a channel between the oil inlet and the oil outlet, forming a second oil passage.

[0044] When the oil supply pressure in the oil supply pipe is greater than zero and less than the preset first oil pressure P1, the piston and the annular protrusion abut against each other, blocking the oil inlet. The side wall of the valve core and the inner wall of the gradually expanding part do not fit together. At this time, the first oil passage is unobstructed and the second oil passage is closed.

[0045] When the oil supply pressure is greater than the preset first oil pressure P1 and less than the preset second oil pressure P2, the piston compression return spring moves, the oil inlet and the first oil circuit are connected, the side wall of the valve core and the inner wall of the gradually expanding part do not fit together, at this time the first oil circuit is unobstructed and the second oil circuit is also unobstructed.

[0046] When the oil supply pressure is greater than the preset second oil pressure P2, the piston continues to compress the return spring, the oil inlet and the first oil circuit are connected, and the side wall of the valve core and the inner wall of the expanding part are sealed together. At this time, the first oil circuit is closed and the second oil circuit is unobstructed.

[0047] The oil inlet and outlet can take various shapes, and the second oil passage can also be set accordingly. When both the oil inlet and outlet are annular, the housing is hollow except for the oil inlet hole. When both the oil inlet and outlet are blind holes, the second oil passage is pipe-shaped.

[0048] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. It should also be understood that terms such as those defined in general dictionaries should be understood to have the same meaning as in the context of the prior art, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless defined as herein.

[0049] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-mode fuel injection rod for an afterburner or ram-fired combustion chamber, characterized in that, It includes the oil supply pipe, piston cylinder, return spring, housing, piston, piston rod, and valve core; The piston cylinder is a hollow cylinder that is closed at the top and open at the bottom; The housing includes an oil inlet cylinder, a connecting cylinder, a diffuser cylinder, an oil outlet cylinder, and a spray bar. The oil inlet cylinder is a hollow cylinder with an open top and a first connecting hole at the center of its lower end. The connecting cylinder is a hollow cylinder with open ends. The diffuser cylinder is a hollow frustum with open ends. The oil outlet cylinder is a hollow cylinder with an open top and a second connecting hole at the center of its lower end. The spray bar is a hollow cylinder with open ends. One end of the connecting cylinder is coaxially and sealed to the first connecting hole of the oil inlet cylinder, and the other end is coaxially and sealed to the smaller-area end of the diffuser cylinder. The larger-area end of the diffuser cylinder is coaxially and sealed to the upper end of the oil outlet cylinder. The oil outlet cylinder is coaxially and sealed to one end of the spray bar at its second connecting hole. The inner diameter of the oil inlet cylinder is the same as that of the piston cylinder, and the open end of the piston cylinder and the open end of the oil inlet cylinder are coaxially and sealed together. The inner wall of the oil inlet cylinder is provided with annular protrusions; The piston is disposed inside the piston cylinder; one end of the return spring is fixedly connected to the closed end of the piston cylinder, and the other end is fixedly connected to the piston, and is in a compressed state; the piston can slide freely between the closed end of the piston cylinder and the annular protrusion of the oil inlet cylinder, and the piston and the piston cylinder and the inner wall of the oil inlet cylinder are sealed. The valve core is frustum-shaped and is set inside the diffuser. Its slope is the same as that of the diffuser. The diameter of the end with the larger end face area is larger than the inner diameter of the connecting cylinder and smaller than the diameter of the piston end face. The piston rod is disposed between the piston and the valve core, with one end coaxially fixed to the piston and the other end coaxially fixed to the smaller end of the valve core. The oil inlet cylinder has an oil inlet hole on its side wall between the end with the first connecting hole and the annular protrusion; one end of the oil supply pipe is connected to external oil, and the other end is sealed to the oil inlet hole of the oil inlet cylinder; the oil inlet hole of the oil inlet cylinder and the end of the spray bar away from the oil outlet cylinder form a first oil passage. The oil inlet cylinder has an oil inlet on the inner wall between its open end and the annular protrusion, and the spray bar has an oil outlet on the end face away from the oil outlet cylinder. The housing has a channel between the oil inlet and the oil outlet, forming a second oil passage. When the oil supply pressure in the oil supply pipe is greater than zero and less than the preset first oil pressure P1, the piston and the annular protrusion abut against each other, blocking the oil inlet. The side wall of the valve core and the inner wall of the diffuser do not fit together. At this time, the first oil passage is unobstructed and the second oil passage is closed. When the oil supply pressure is greater than the preset first oil pressure P1 and less than the preset second oil pressure P2, the piston compression return spring moves, the oil inlet and the first oil circuit are connected, the side wall of the valve core and the inner wall of the diffuser are not in contact, at this time the first oil circuit is unobstructed and the second oil circuit is also unobstructed. When the oil supply pressure is greater than the preset second oil pressure P2, the piston continues to compress the return spring, the oil inlet and the first oil circuit are connected, and the side wall of the valve core and the inner wall of the diffuser are sealed together. At this time, the first oil circuit is closed and the second oil circuit is unobstructed.

2. The multi-mode fuel injection rod for a booster or ram combustion chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the oil inlet and outlet are annular.

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