Automatic fiber placement technology creel material roll anti-loosening device and tension regulation method

Abstract

A kind of automatic fiber placement technology creel material roll anti-loose device and tension control method, including feeding device, tension control device, anti-dispersion device and anti-pulling device;When laying thermosetting composite material, pre-impregnated tows are transmitted to anti-pulling device by tension control device;When laying thermoplastic composite material, pre-impregnated tows are outputted by anti-dispersion device to pre-impregnated tows, and then transmitted to anti-pulling device by tension control device;Tension control method is to control system to judge according to the value of tension sensor or micro pressure sensor, and change the speed of feeding motor;The present application considers thermosetting and thermoplastic composite material laying, adopts "force control" tension control device, improves the responsiveness of system tension regulation, and avoids the problems of poor laying quality caused by pre-impregnated tows bridging, wrinkling (thermosetting), dispersion (thermoplastic) and other problems caused by tension fluctuation.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of automatic fiber placement of thermoplastic composites, in particular to a yarn rack material roll anti-loose device and tension control method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Thermoplastic composites have the advantages of high fracture toughness, impact resistance and heat resistance, which are beneficial to achieving the requirement of aircraft weight reduction, and also have the advantages of repeated use and convenient storage. In the automatic fiber placement technology, thermoplastic composites do not need to collect isolation paper, and have the outstanding feature of large rigidity, which needs to consider the bending damage of the prepreg tows, etc. Therefore, the tension adjustment link of the thermosetting composite automatic placement technology cannot be used directly, and the tension control system is an extremely important link in the automatic placement technology. If not properly controlled, the tension fluctuation will be large, the prepreg tows will be prone to relaxation, the material roll will be prone to material scattering, and thus the placement will be interrupted. The size of the prepreg tow tension also directly affects the forming quality and mechanical properties of the placed components, and a fast response, stable and reliable anti-scattering device and the corresponding tension control method are an important research direction of the automatic placement technology.

[0003] In the existing thermosetting automatic placement tension control device (application number: 202210264037.X, name: sectional control system for extremely low tension of tows in a fiber placement equipment), a floating roller, a guide rail and a cylinder are used to realize reciprocating motion, an ultrasonic sensor detects the position of the pre-floating roller, feeds back the increase or decrease of the tension on the prepreg tows, and controls the speed of the feeding motor, so that the tension of the prepreg tows and the force set by the tension control device are balanced, and the tension of the prepreg tows is controlled. This tension control device uses position detection signals for control, which needs to convert the position signals into tension signals, which makes the system less responsive. For thermoplastic composite placement, since the distance of each guide wheel in the tension control device is short, material damage is prone to occur when the prepreg tows are bent; in the existing thermosetting automatic placement tension control device (application number: 202211324447.5, name: tow tension control device and method for composite material tow placement), a floating roller, a guide rail and a spring are used to realize reciprocating motion, a position sensor detects the position of the floating roller, feeds back the increase or decrease of the tension on the prepreg tows, and controls the torque output by the magnetic powder brake, and thus controls the tension of the prepreg tows. This tension control device uses position detection signals for control, which needs to convert the position signals into tension signals, which makes the system less responsive. Using this tension control device for thermoplastic composites, due to the large rigidity of thermoplastic composites, rebound, back-pulling and accidental material scattering due to external reasons may occur. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to overcome the above-mentioned prior art defects, the present application provides an automatic fiber placement technology creel material roll anti-loose device and a tension control method, which takes into account the hot solid and thermoplastic composite material laying, adopts a "force control force" tension control device, improves the responsiveness of the system tension adjustment, and avoids the problems of poor laying quality caused by the bridging, wrinkling (hot solid), and scattered material (thermoplastic) of the prepreg tows, etc.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is:

[0006] An automatic fiber placement technology creel material roll anti-loose device, comprising a feeding device 100, a tension control device 200, an anti-scattered material device 300, and an anti-retraction device 400; when laying hot solid composite materials, the prepreg tows 103 pass through the tension control device 200 and are transmitted to the anti-retraction device 400; when laying thermoplastic composite materials, the prepreg tows 103 are output by the anti-scattered material device 300 against the extruded material roll 101 and simultaneously reverse rotating, and the prepreg tows 103 are transmitted to the anti-retraction device 400 after passing through the tension control device 200.

[0007] The feeding device 100 comprises a material roll shaft 105, the material roll shaft 105 is installed on a feeding motor 104, the material roll shaft 105 is installed with a material roll 101, the prepreg tows 103 output by the material roll 101 enter the tension control device 200 and the anti-retraction device 400 after being guided by a guide roller 102.

[0008] The tension control device 200 comprises a tension sensor 202, one end of the tension sensor 202 is connected to a sensor fixing block 201, the other end is connected to one end of an elastic element fixing block 203, the other end of the elastic element fixing block 203 is connected to a first elastic element 204, the other end of the first elastic element 204 is connected to a first guide rail sliding block 206, a limit proximity switch 207 is connected to the first guide rail sliding block 206, and a tension floating roller 205 is installed on the first guide rail sliding block 206.

[0009] The anti-scattered material device 300 comprises a rubber-coated pressure material one-way roller shaft 302, the rubber-coated pressure material one-way roller shaft 302 is fixed on a second guide rail sliding block 301 through a one-way bearing, the sliding block in the second guide rail sliding block 301 is connected to a second elastic element 303, the other end of the second elastic element 303 is fixed to an elastic element fixing seat 304, under the action of the second elastic element 303, the rubber-coated pressure material one-way roller shaft 302 realizes reciprocating motion and reverse rotation with the material roll 101, realizing the effect of extruding the material.

[0010] The anti-pulling device 400 is in the form of a self-locking anti-pulling device, comprising a first pair of extrusion wheel rubber fixing wheels 401, which are driven to rotate by a one-way bearing 404 and are installed on a fixed frame, the pre-impregnated tows 103 pass through the guide wheels 405 connected on the fixed frame to ensure the angle fixation, the first pair of extrusion wheel rubber fixing wheels 401 and the first pair of extrusion wheel guide wheels 402 form a pair of extrusion in the installation position and generate a self-locking friction angle, the first pair of extrusion wheel guide wheels 402 are driven to rotate by another one-way bearing 404 and are fixed on the V-shaped swing lever 403, and the V-shaped swing lever 403 is pressed on the third elastic element 406 and generates a downward pressure on the micro pressure sensor 407, the force direction of the micro pressure sensor 407 is collinear with the tension resultant force of the pre-impregnated tows 103, that is, the force direction of the micro pressure sensor 407 after installation is coincided with the angle bisector of the fixed angle of the pre-impregnated tows 103.

[0011] The anti-pulling device 400 is in the form of a cam anti-pulling device, comprising a second pair of extrusion wheel guide wheels 504, which are in a fixed form, and the cam 501 moves up and down slightly under the action of the fourth elastic element 502 along with the cam shaft 503; when the pre-impregnated tows 103 are normally laid, the cam 501 is pressed on the pre-impregnated tows 103 by its own gravity and the pre-tightening force of the fourth elastic element 502, and forms a pair of extrusion with the second pair of extrusion wheel guide wheels 504.

[0012] The anti-pulling device 400 is in the form of a clip anti-pulling device, comprising a second pair of extrusion wheel rubber fixing wheels 601, which are connected on the mounting frame 606, and the second pair of extrusion wheel rubber fixing wheels 601 and the third pair of extrusion wheel guide wheels 603 are driven to rotate in one direction by one-way bearings, and the second pair of extrusion wheel rubber fixing wheels 601 and the third pair of extrusion wheel guide wheels 603 form a pair of extrusion under the action of the fifth elastic element 602, the third pair of extrusion wheel guide wheels 603 are fixed on the L-shaped swing lever 604, which can rotate slightly along the L-shaped swing lever shaft 605, and the limit of the slight rotation of the L-shaped swing lever 604 is realized by the mounting frame 606.

[0013] The anti-pulling device 400 is in the form of a cylinder anti-pulling device, comprising a third pair of extrusion wheel rubber fixing wheels 701, which and a fourth pair of extrusion wheel guide wheels 702 are driven to rotate in one direction by one-way bearings, the fourth pair of extrusion wheel guide wheels 702 are installed on the push rod 703, the push rod 703 and the pneumatic element 704 are connected, and the push rod 703 reciprocates along the third guide rail sliding block 705.

[0014] The first elastic element 204, the second elastic element 303 and the fifth elastic element 602 are tension springs, and the force value generated by the first elastic element 204 is twice the tension on the prepreg tows 103 in the automatic laying process; the third elastic element 406 and the fourth elastic element 502 are compression springs.

[0015] The tension control method of the yarn rack material roll anti-loose device has two forms: the control system judges according to the value read by the tension sensor 202 and changes the rotating speed of the feeding motor 104; the control system judges according to the value read by the micro pressure sensor 407 and changes the rotating speed of the feeding motor 104.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The tension control device 200 of the present application eliminates the damage to thermoplastic composite materials compared with the existing thermosetting automatic laying tension control device (application number: 202210264037.X, name: a segmented control system for extremely low tension of tows in a filament laying equipment), and the structure of the tension control device makes the tension control device suitable for thermosetting and thermoplastic composite materials.

[0018] Compared with the existing tension control device using an ultrasonic sensor (application number: 202210264037.X, name: a segmented control system for extremely low tension of tows in a filament laying equipment) and a position sensor to detect the position of the floating roller to feedback the tension on the prepreg tows (application number: 202211324447.5, name: a tow tension control device and method for composite material tow laying), the present application directly feeds back the tension value on the prepreg tows by using a tension sensor 202 or a micro pressure sensor 407, and the tension control link reduces one link of position conversion tension, so that the responsiveness of the control system is improved.

[0019] Compared with the existing tension control device using a position sensor to detect the position of the floating roller to feedback the tension on the prepreg tows, the tension control device 200 of the present application does not use a position sensor, but uses a micro pressure sensor 407 in the anti-pulling device 400 (self-locking form) to directly detect the tension value of the prepreg tows, so that the tension control device 200 has a more simple and compact structure, and the anti-pulling device 400 (self-locking form) can realize the functions of anti-pulling effect and detection of the tension of the prepreg tows.

[0020] The present application effectively prevents the problems of rebounding, pulling back and material scattering during the laying process of thermoplastic composite materials, to a certain extent, avoids the damage of the material during the laying process of the composite material, and improves the forming surface quality and mechanical properties of the laid component. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 is the schematic diagram of the finishing principle of the present application.

[0022] Figure 2 is the overall three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present application.

[0023] Figure 3 is the three-dimensional schematic diagram of the feeding device

[0024] Figure 4 is the three-dimensional schematic diagram of the tension regulating device.

[0025] Figure 5 is the three-dimensional schematic diagram of the anti-scattering device.

[0026] Figure 6 is the three-dimensional schematic diagram and sectional view of the anti-retraction device (self-locking form).

[0027] Figure 7 is the three-dimensional schematic diagram of the anti-retraction device (cam form).

[0028] Figure 8 is the three-dimensional schematic diagram of the anti-retraction device (clip form).

[0029] Figure 9 is the three-dimensional schematic diagram of the anti-retraction device (cylinder form).

[0030] Figure 10 is the working principle diagram of the anti-retraction device (self-locking form). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

[0032] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 , an automatic fiber placement yarn rack material roll anti-loose device comprises a feeding device 100, a tension regulating device 200, an anti-scattering device 300, and an anti-retraction device 400; when laying a thermosetting composite material, the pre-impregnated fiber bundle 103 passes through the tension regulating device 200 and is transmitted to the anti-retraction device 400, at this time, the anti-scattering device 300 is not used; when laying a thermoplastic composite material, the pre-impregnated fiber bundle 103 is outputted by the anti-scattering device 300 against the material roll 101 and simultaneously rotates in the reverse direction, the pre-impregnated fiber bundle 103 is transmitted to the anti-retraction device 400 after passing through the tension regulating device 200.

[0033] As shown in Figure 2 , Figure 3As shown, the feeding device 100 includes a material roll 105, which is mounted on a feeding motor 104. A material roll 101 is mounted on the material roll 105. The prepreg bundle 103 output from the material roll 101 is guided by a guide roller 102 and then enters the tension control device 200 and the anti-backflow device 400.

[0034] like Figure 4 As shown, the tension control device 200 includes a tension sensor 202, one end of which is connected to a sensor fixing block 201, and the other end is connected to one end of an elastic element fixing block 203. The other end of the elastic element fixing block 203 is connected to a first elastic element 204, and the other end of the first elastic element 204 is connected to a first guide rail slider 206. A limit proximity switch 207 is connected to the first guide rail slider 206. A tension floating roller 205 is installed on the first guide rail slider 206.

[0035] Tension regulating device 200 regulates tension in a "compact" manner: tension floating roller 205 reciprocates along first guide rail slider 206 via first elastic element 204 to achieve tension buffering effect; tension sensor 202 reads the force value of first elastic element 204 at this time and controls it through analog input; feeding motor 104 changes feeding speed in PLC control; limit proximity switch 207 reads the maximum limit position of tension floating roller 205 to prevent excessive tension from causing first elastic element 204 to fail.

[0036] like Figure 5 As shown, the anti-scattering device 300 includes a second guide rail slider 301, a rubber-coated pressing one-way roller 302, a second elastic element 303, and an elastic element fixing seat 304. The rubber-coated pressing one-way roller 302 is fixed to the second guide rail slider 301 by a one-way bearing. The slider in the second guide rail slider 301 is connected to the second elastic element 303. The other end of the second elastic element 303 is fixed to the elastic element fixing seat 304. Under the action of the second elastic element 303, the rubber-coated pressing one-way roller 302 realizes reciprocating motion and rotates in the opposite direction with the material roll 101 to achieve the effect of pressing the material. When changing the material roll 101, the rubber-coated pressing one-way roller 302 can be pulled to the limit position to realize convenient material change.

[0037] like Figure 6As shown, the anti-pulling back device 400 in the form of self-locking anti-pulling back device includes a first pair of extrusion wheel rubber fixing wheel 401, a first pair of extrusion wheel guide wheel 402, a V-shaped swing lever 403, a one-way bearing 404, a guide wheel 405, a third elastic element 406, and a micro pressure sensor 407. The first pair of extrusion wheel rubber fixing wheel 401 is driven to rotate by the one-way bearing 404 and is installed on a fixed frame. The pre-impregnated tows 103 pass through the guide wheel 405 connected on the fixed frame to ensure the wrapping angle fixation. The first pair of extrusion wheel rubber fixing wheel 401 and the first pair of extrusion wheel guide wheel 402 form a pair of extrusion form at the installation position and generate a self-locking friction angle. The first pair of extrusion wheel guide wheel 402 is driven to rotate by another one-way bearing 404 and is fixed on the V-shaped swing lever 403. The V-shaped swing lever 403 is slightly rotated with the V-shaped swing lever 403, is pressed on the third elastic element 406, and generates a downward pressure on the micro pressure sensor 407. The force direction of the micro pressure sensor 407 is collinear with the tension resultant force of the pre-impregnated tows 103, that is, the force direction of the micro pressure sensor 407 after installation is coincided with the angle bisector of the wrapping angle of the pre-impregnated tows 103. At this time, the reading of the micro pressure sensor 407 is the tension resultant force of the pre-impregnated tows 103, which is used to detect the tension on the pre-impregnated tows 103. Under the action of the tension resultant force of the pre-impregnated tows 103, the first pair of extrusion wheel guide wheel 402 rotates with the V-shaped swing lever 403, and the pair of extrusion with the first pair of extrusion wheel rubber fixing wheel 401 is disengaged. At this time, the third elastic element 406 is contracted and acts on the micro pressure sensor 407. When the pre-impregnated tows 103 has no tension or the tension resultant force of the pre-impregnated tows 103 is less than the pre-pressure of the third elastic element 406, the V-shaped swing lever 403 rotates. At this time, the first pair of extrusion wheel guide wheel 402 and the first pair of extrusion wheel rubber fixing wheel 401 restore the extrusion state. When the pre-impregnated tows 103 is pulled back due to operation errors or other reasons, it cannot be pulled back due to the self-locking friction angle and the pair of extrusion wheels, achieving the effect of preventing the pre-impregnated tows 103 from being pulled back.

[0038] The tension regulating device 200 regulates the tension in the form of "separation". The tension floating roller 205 reciprocates along the first guide rail slider 206 through the first elastic element 204. At this time, the tension sensor 202 is not used, and the force value of the third elastic element 406 at this time is read by the micro pressure sensor 407, which is controlled by analog input. The feeding motor 104 changes the feeding speed in the PLC control to realize the tension regulation.

[0039] As Figure 7As shown, the second type of anti-back-pull device 400, namely the cam-type anti-back-pull device, includes a cam 501, a fourth elastic element 502, a cam shaft 503, and a second pair of extrusion roller guides 504. The second pair of extrusion roller guides 504 are fixed and cannot be moved. The cam 501 moves slightly up and down with the cam shaft 503 under the action of the fourth elastic element 502. During normal yarn laying, the cam 501 is pressed against the pre-impregnated yarn bundle 103 by its own weight and the pre-tightening force of the fourth elastic element 502, forming an extrusion form with the second pair of extrusion roller guides 504. When the pre-impregnated yarn bundle 103 pulls back due to operational errors or other reasons, the cam 501 rotates clockwise, and the cam shaft 503 moves upward due to the back-pulling force, compressing the fourth elastic element 502. When the fourth elastic element 502 reaches its limit of slight compression, it locks the back-pulled pre-impregnated yarn bundle 103, achieving the effect of preventing back-pull.

[0040] like Figure 8 As shown, the third type of anti-back-pull device 400, namely the clamp-type anti-back-pull device, includes a second pair of rubber-coated fixed extrusion rollers 601, a fifth elastic element 602, a third pair of extrusion roller guide rollers 603, an L-shaped rocker arm 604, an L-shaped rocker arm shaft 605, and a mounting frame 606. The second pair of rubber-coated fixed extrusion rollers 601 are connected to the mounting frame 606. Both the second pair of rubber-coated fixed extrusion rollers 601 and the third pair of extrusion roller guide rollers 603 are driven to rotate in one direction by a one-way bearing. Under the action of the fifth elastic element 602, the second pair of rubber-coated fixed extrusion rollers 601 and the third pair of extrusion roller guide rollers 603 form an action on the extruded material. The pressure roller guide 603 is fixed on the L-shaped rocker arm 604, which can rotate slightly around the L-shaped rocker arm shaft 605. The limit of the slight rotation of the L-shaped rocker arm 604 is achieved by the mounting bracket 606. During normal yarn laying, under the tension of the prepreg yarn bundle 103, the third pair of extrusion roller guides 603 rotate slightly around the L-shaped rocker arm shaft 605 with the L-shaped rocker arm 604, so that the extrusion is separated and normal yarn laying is achieved. When the prepreg yarn bundle 103 is pulled back due to operational errors or other reasons, the L-shaped rocker arm 604 drives the third pair of extrusion roller guides 603 to quickly rebound under the action of the fifth elastic element 602, restore the extrusion mode, lock the pulled-back prepreg yarn bundle 103, and achieve the function of preventing pullback.

[0041] like Figure 9As shown, the fourth form of the anti-pulling back device 400 is a cylinder form anti-pulling back device, which comprises a third pair of extrusion wheel rubber coating fixed wheels 701, a fourth pair of extrusion wheel guide wheels 702, a push rod 703, a pneumatic element 704 and a third guide rail sliding block 705, the third pair of extrusion wheel rubber coating fixed wheels 701 and the fourth pair of extrusion wheel guide wheels 702 are driven to rotate in one direction by one-way bearings, the fourth pair of extrusion wheel guide wheels 702 are installed on the push rod 703, the push rod 703 is connected with the pneumatic element 704, the push rod 703 reciprocates along the third guide rail sliding block 705, under the tension of the prepreg tow 103, the fourth pair of extrusion wheel guide wheels 702 move downward with the push rod 703, so that the extrusion is separated, and normal laying is realized, when the prepreg tow 103 is pulled back due to operation error or other reasons, the push rod 703 drives the fourth pair of extrusion wheel guide wheels 702 to rebound rapidly under the action of the pneumatic element 704, the extrusion mode is restored, the prepreg tow 103 is locked, and the anti-pulling back effect is achieved.

[0042] The tension on the prepreg tow 103 is directly detected by the tension sensor 202 or the micro pressure sensor 407, so that the indirect control mode of displacement detection in the past is changed to the direct detection mode of "force control", part of the control link is saved, the tension of the prepreg tow 103 is directly visualized, the control system directly judges according to the value read by the tension sensor 202, so as to change the rotating speed of the feeding motor 104, and then the position of the tension floating roller 205 changes under the action of the first elastic element 204, so as to change the tension on the prepreg tow 103, compared with the existing tension control system, the method is more convenient, the control is more convenient, and the response speed of stabilizing the tension of the prepreg tow 103 is improved.

[0043] The anti-spraying device 300 and the anti-pulling back device 400 are adopted to prevent the spraying of the thermoplastic composite material roll due to external factors, the tension control of the prepreg tow laying of thermosetting and thermoplastic composite materials is considered, the problem of uneven feeding boundary caused by poor tension control responsiveness and uneven tension in the laying of multiple prepreg tows is solved to a certain extent, and the method is especially suitable for the prepreg tow laying equipment with the structure that the creel is separated from the laying head.

[0044] The first elastic element 204 is a tension spring, the force value generated by the tension spring is twice the tension on the prepreg tow 103 in the automatic laying process, the first elastic element 204 is used to realize the reciprocating movement of the tension floating roller 205 on the guide rail sliding block 206 under the action of the tension on the prepreg tow 103, and the maximum tension that the tension spring can generate on the tension control device is the maximum tension value allowed in the laying process.

[0045] The second elastic element 303 is a tension spring that acts on the second guide rail slider 301 to achieve reciprocating motion, thereby squeezing the material roll 101 in real time and preventing the thermoplastic composite material from scattering.

[0046] The third elastic element 406 is a compression spring that acts on the miniature pressure sensor 407.

[0047] The fourth elastic element 502 is a compression spring that acts on the camshaft 503 to achieve a slight movement.

[0048] The fifth elastic element 602 is a tension spring that acts on the L-shaped rocker arm 604 to achieve a slight rotation.

[0049] All rollers and wheels that come into contact with the prepreg tow are treated with anti-sticking methods to accommodate both thermosetting and thermoplastic composite materials.

[0050] The tension control method of the automatic yarn laying technology yarn roll anti-loosening device has two forms: the control system judges the value read by the tension sensor 202 and changes the speed of the feeding motor 104; the control system judges the value read by the micro pressure sensor 407 and changes the speed of the feeding motor 104.

[0051] The first tension control method consists of a tension control device in the second "separation" form, an anti-scattering device 300, and an anti-backflow device 400 (self-locking form). In this method, the tension on the prepreg bundle 103 is measured by the miniature pressure sensor 407 under the anti-backflow device 400 (self-locking form) and used as an analog input for control. The control system directly judges based on the value read by the miniature pressure sensor 407, thereby changing the speed of the feeding motor 104. Then, the tension floating roller 205 changes position under the action of the first elastic element 204, ultimately changing the tension on the prepreg bundle 103.

[0052] With the rubber-coated pressing unidirectional roller shaft of the anti-scattering device 300 positioned at its furthest point, it can be released after installing the material roll 101. At this point, the pressing device can operate normally. Figure 2 The winding method shown on the left is as follows: the prepreg filament 103 starts from the material roll 101, passes around the guide roller 102, and then passes through the tension floating roller 205 to send the prepreg filament 103 to the tension control rear end device of the anti-scattering device 300. Due to the tension of the prepreg filament 103 pressing against the extrusion roller guide roller, the V-shaped swing rod 403 rotates to separate the extrusion state. After that, the prepreg filament 103 is sent to the filament laying head for laying.

[0053] During the laying process, as the laying speed changes, the tension floating roller 205 will fluctuate. At this time, the miniature pressure sensor 407 of the anti-backpulsation device (self-locking type) reads the tension value of the prepreg filament 103, and the control system judges and controls the speed of the feeding motor 104 to adjust the tension of the prepreg filament 103. When the tension value is too large, that is, when the slider in the tension control device 200 moves to the maximum displacement, the limit proximity switch acts, causing the feeding motor 104 to control the speed of the material roll 101 to increase, reducing the tension of the prepreg filament 103. The slider drives the tension floating roller 205 to rebound, achieving a high-response tension adjustment effect. When the laying is completed, or when there is no tension on the prepreg filament 103 due to an accident, the V-shaped swing arm 403 rebounds and restores the extrusion wheel guide wheel and the extrusion wheel rubber-coated fixing wheel to the extrusion state, clamping the prepreg filament and preventing backpulsation.

[0054] Depend on Figure 10 It can be seen that the relationship between the reading of the miniature pressure sensor 407 and the tension of the prepreg bundle is as follows:

[0055]

[0056] F 压 =F 合 (2)

[0057] θ=180°-α (3)

[0058]

[0059] In the formula:

[0060] F 合 : Prepreg bundle combined force, F 丝 Tension on the prepreg tow, F 压 : Data measured by the miniature pressure sensor, α: wrap angle of the prepreg bundle during the laying process, θ: installation angle of the miniature pressure sensor.

[0061] This method is more convenient and easier to control than existing tension control systems, and it improves the response speed for stabilizing prepreg tension. Within the entire tension control system, the tension on the prepreg tow can be controlled within the range of 0-10N, allowing for faster control of the prepreg tension and achieving a stable, high-response control effect.

[0062] The second tension control method is composed of the "compact" form of the tension control device, the anti-spreading device 300, and the anti-pulling-back device 400 (cam form, clip form, and air cylinder form). The tension on the prepreg tow 103 is directly detected by the tension sensor 202, thereby omitting a part of the control link and making the tension directly visualized. The control system directly judges the value read by the tension sensor 202, changes the rotating speed of the feeding motor 104, and then the tension floating roller 205 changes the position under the action of the first elastic element 204, thereby changing the tension on the prepreg tow 103.

[0063] The anti-spreading device 300 and the anti-pulling-back device 400 (cam form, clip form, and air cylinder form) are adopted to prevent the effect of the spreading of the thermoplastic composite material roll caused by external factors and interference, so that the tension control of the thermosetting and thermoplastic composite material in the prepreg tow laying is considered. The rubber-coated pressure material one-way roller of the anti-spreading device 300 is placed at the farthest position, and is released after the roll 101 is installed. At this time, the feeding device can work normally. The prepreg tow 103 starts from the roll 101, passes through the guide roller 102, and is then sent to the anti-pulling-back device 400 (cam form, clip form, and air cylinder form) through the tension floating roller 205. When the anti-pulling-back device (cam form) is adopted, the normal wire is walked, and the cam 501 is only subjected to the gravity of the cam itself to act on the pressing wheel guide 504. When the anti-pulling-back device (clip form and air cylinder form) is adopted, the tension of the prepreg tow 103 makes the pressing wheel guide 603 and 702 be pressed downward, and the L-shaped swing lever 604 rotates or the push rod 703 is pressed downward to make the pressing state separate. Then, the prepreg tow 103 is sent to the laying head for laying.

[0064] During the laying process, the tension floating roller 205 will fluctuate with the change of the laying speed. At this time, the tension sensor 202 feeds back the tension value, the control system discriminates and controls the rotating speed of the feeding motor 104, and adjusts the tension of the prepreg tow 103. When the tension value of the prepreg tow 103 is too large, that is, the sliding block in the tension control device 200 moves to the maximum displacement position, the limit proximity switch acts, the rotating speed of the feeding motor 104 is controlled to increase, the tension of the prepreg tow 103 is reduced, the sliding block drives the tension floating roller 205 to rebound, and the high-response tension adjustment effect is achieved.

[0065] When the laying is finished or no tension is pulled back due to an accident, when the anti-pulling-back device (cam form) is adopted, the cam 501 rotates clockwise, the large-diameter end acts, the cam 501 shaft presses the fourth compression elastic element 502, the pressure is continuously increased, the prepreg tow 103 is clamped, and the pulling back is prevented. When the anti-pulling-back device (clip form and air cylinder form) is adopted, the L-shaped swing lever 604 and the push rod 703 rebound to restore the pressing state of the pressing wheel guide and the rubber-coated fixed wheel of the pressing wheel, the prepreg tow is clamped, and the pulling back is prevented.

[0066] The above merely provides the examples of the present application, and is not limited to the present application. The present application can have various changes and modifications for those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the scope of claims of the present application.

Claims

1. An automatic yarn layup technology yarn roll anti-loosening device, characterized in that: It includes a feeding device (100), a tension control device (200), an anti-scattering device (300), and an anti-backflow device (400); when laying thermosetting composite materials, the prepreg bundle (103) is conveyed to the anti-backflow device (400) through the tension control device (200); when laying thermoplastic composite materials, the prepreg bundle (103) is output from the extrusion roll (101) by the anti-scattering device (300) and rotates in the opposite direction at the same time, and the prepreg bundle (103) is then conveyed to the anti-backflow device (400) after passing through the tension control device (200); The anti-back-pull device (400) is a self-locking anti-back-pull device, including a first pair of extrusion wheel rubber-coated fixing wheels (401). The first pair of extrusion wheel rubber-coated fixing wheels (401) are driven to rotate by a one-way bearing (404) and installed on a fixed frame. The pre-impregnated yarn (103) is fixed at the wrap angle by a guide wheel (405) connected to the fixed frame. The first pair of extrusion wheel rubber-coated fixing wheels (401) and the first pair of extrusion wheel guide wheels (402) form an extrusion configuration at the installation position and generate a self-locking friction angle. The first pair of extrusion wheels The guide wheel (402) is driven to rotate by another one-way bearing (404) and fixed on the V-shaped swing arm (403). With the slight rotation of the V-shaped swing arm (403), the V-shaped swing arm (403) presses against the third elastic element (406) and generates downward pressure on the miniature pressure sensor (407). The force direction of the miniature pressure sensor (407) is collinear with the resultant force of the tension of the prepreg bundle (103). That is, after the miniature pressure sensor (407) is installed, the force direction coincides with the bisector of the wrap angle of the prepreg bundle (103) that is fixed. The third elastic element (406) is a compression spring.

2. The automatic yarn laying technology yarn roll anti-loosening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding device (100) includes a material roll shaft (105), which is mounted on a feeding motor (104). A material roll (101) is mounted on the material roll shaft (105). The prepreg bundle (103) output from the material roll (101) is guided by a guide roller (102) and then enters the tension control device (200) and the anti-backflow device (400).

3. The automatic yarn laying technology yarn roll anti-loosening device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tension control device (200) includes a tension sensor (202), one end of which is connected to a sensor fixing block (201), and the other end is connected to one end of an elastic element fixing block (203). The other end of the elastic element fixing block (203) is connected to a first elastic element (204), and the other end of the first elastic element (204) is connected to a first guide rail slider (206). A limit proximity switch (207) is connected to the first guide rail slider (206). A tension floating roller (205) is installed on the first guide rail slider (206). The first elastic element (204) is a tension spring, and the force generated by the first elastic element (204) is twice the tension on the prepreg bundle (103) during the automatic laying process.

4. The automatic yarn laying technology yarn roll anti-loosening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-scattering device (300) includes a rubber-coated pressing one-way roller (302), which is fixed to the second guide rail slider (301) by a one-way bearing. The slider in the second guide rail slider (301) is connected to the second elastic element (303), and the other end of the second elastic element (303) is fixed to the elastic element fixing seat (304). Under the action of the second elastic element (303), the rubber-coated pressing one-way roller (302) realizes reciprocating motion and rotates in the opposite direction with the material roll (101) to achieve the effect of extruding material. The second elastic element (303) is a tension spring.

5. The automatic yarn laying technology yarn roll anti-loosening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-back-pull device (400) is changed to a cam-type anti-back-pull device, including a second pair of extrusion wheel guides (504). The second pair of extrusion wheel guides (504) are fixed. The cam (501) moves up and down slightly with the cam shaft (503) under the action of the fourth elastic element (502). During the yarn laying, the cam (501) is pressed on the pre-impregnated yarn bundle (103) by its own weight and the pre-tightening force of the fourth elastic element (502), forming a counter-extrusion form with the second pair of extrusion wheel guides (504). The fourth elastic element (502) is a compression spring.

6. The automatic yarn laying technology yarn roll anti-loosening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-back-pull device (400) is changed to a clamp-type anti-back-pull device, including a second pair of rubber-coated fixing wheels (601) for extrusion wheels. The second pair of rubber-coated fixing wheels (601) are connected to the mounting frame (606). The second pair of rubber-coated fixing wheels (601) and the third pair of extrusion wheel guide wheels (603) are driven to rotate in one direction by a one-way bearing. The second pair of rubber-coated fixing wheels (601) and the third pair of extrusion wheel guide wheels (603) form an action against the extruded material under the action of the fifth elastic element (602). The third pair of extrusion wheel guide wheels (603) are fixed on an L-shaped rocker arm (604) that can rotate slightly according to the L-shaped rocker arm shaft (605). The limit of the slight rotation of the L-shaped rocker arm (604) is achieved by the mounting frame (606). The fifth elastic element (602) is a tension spring.

7. The automatic yarn layup technology yarn roll anti-loosening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-back-pull device (400) is changed to a cylinder-type anti-back-pull device, including a third pair of rubber-coated fixing wheels (701) of extrusion wheels. The third pair of rubber-coated fixing wheels (701) and the fourth pair of extrusion wheel guide wheels (702) are driven to rotate in one direction by a one-way bearing. The fourth pair of extrusion wheel guide wheels (702) are mounted on a push rod (703). The push rod (703) is connected to a pneumatic component (704). The push rod (703) reciprocates along the third guide rail slider (705).

8. The tension control method of the automatic yarn layup technology yarn roll anti-loosening device according to claim 3, characterized in that, There are two forms: the control system determines the speed of the feeding motor (104) based on the value read by the tension sensor (202); or the control system determines the speed of the feeding motor (104) based on the value read by the micro pressure sensor (407).

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