A gas distributor, a gas distributor module, a reactor, and a chemical system

Abstract

This invention discloses a gas distributor, a gas distributor module, a reactor, and a chemical system, including a bubble cap with a gas cavity, an inlet pipe, and a check valve. The bubble cap includes a cap base, a cap body, and a cap cover. The cap body has multiple downwardly arranged gas distribution ports, and the cap base has multiple downwardly arranged gas distribution ports. The gas distribution angle of the cap body gas distribution ports is smaller than that of the cap base gas distribution ports. When the gas distributor is in the gas distribution state, the downwardly discharged gas flow from the cap body gas distribution ports and / or the cap base gas distribution ports can prevent catalyst deposition. This invention discloses a gas distributor, a gas distributor module, a reactor, and a chemical system that prevents catalyst deposition, prevents bubble cap clogging, and has good gas distribution effect, thus improving the gas-liquid mixing reaction effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of chemical synthesis technology, and in particular to a gas distributor, a gas distributor module, a reactor, and a chemical system. Background Technology

[0002] Reactors are commonly used equipment in chemical synthesis technology. Gas enters from the bottom of the reactor and is evenly distributed by a gas distributor. The gas then comes into full contact with a slurry containing solid catalyst particles, resulting in a chemical reaction. The gaseous products and unreacted gases are separated and leave the reactor from the top. The liquid products, after being filtered to remove the catalyst, proceed to the next processing step. The heat of the reaction is removed through heat exchange equipment.

[0003] The gas distributor is an important internal component of the reactor. Its main function is to distribute the gas evenly and generate bubbles as small as possible to achieve uniform gas distribution in the reactor.

[0004] During the reaction, catalyst may deposit on the baffles or slurry bed in the reactor tank, causing localized catalyst overheating. This not only leads to coking but also causes rapid catalyst deactivation, severely affecting the long-term operational stability of the reactor.

[0005] In the event of a sudden reduction or interruption in the intake air volume, the catalyst slurry is also prone to backflow and blockage of the exhaust port of the gas distributor.

[0006] In existing technologies, the focus is on the uniform distribution of gas in the gas distributor, with little attention paid to how to prevent catalyst deposition at the bottom, and even less attention paid to how to prevent blockage of the gas distributor.

[0007] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new type of gas distributor, gas distributor module, reactor and chemical system. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a gas distributor, gas distributor module, reactor and chemical system with the function of preventing catalyst deposition.

[0009] The present invention provides a gas distributor, including a bubble cap with a gas cavity, an air inlet pipe connected below the bubble cap, and a check valve installed in the air inlet pipe;

[0010] The bubble cap includes a cap base connected to the air inlet pipe, a cap body connected to the cap base, and a cap cover connected to the cap body;

[0011] The cap body is provided with multiple downwardly arranged cap body air vents, and the cap base is provided with multiple downwardly arranged cap base air vents. The air vent angle of the cap body air vents is smaller than the air vent angle of the cap base air vents.

[0012] When the gas distributor is in the gas distribution state, the airflow that is discharged obliquely downward from the gas distribution port of the cap body and / or the gas distribution port of the cap seat can prevent catalyst deposition.

[0013] In one of the alternative technical solutions, the radius of the cap seat gradually increases along the direction from bottom to top, and the cap seat is provided with at least two rings of cap seat air vents at intervals; and / or, the radius of the cap body gradually increases along the direction from bottom to top, and the cap body is provided with at least two rings of cap body air vents at intervals.

[0014] In one of the alternative technical solutions, the air distribution direction of the air vent of the cap body is perpendicular to the cap body, and / or, the air distribution direction of the air vent of the cap seat is perpendicular to the cap seat.

[0015] In one of the alternative technical solutions, a bubble generator is installed in each of the air vents on the cap body and / or each of the air vents on the cap seat.

[0016] In one of the alternative technical solutions, the cap seat is slidably connected to the air intake pipe, and / or the cap seat is pivotally connected to the air intake pipe.

[0017] In one of the alternative technical solutions, the intake pipe includes a main intake pipe and an expansion pipe connected to the main intake pipe;

[0018] The radius of the expansion tube gradually increases along the upward direction;

[0019] A retaining ring for preventing the check valve from falling is installed in the top opening of the main intake pipe.

[0020] When the check valve is in its initial state, the check valve is sealed in the top opening of the main intake manifold;

[0021] When the check valve is in the open state, the check valve is located in the expansion tube.

[0022] The present invention also provides a gas distributor module, including a reactor partition with multiple vent holes and multiple gas distributors as described in any of the foregoing technical solutions;

[0023] The reactor partition is installed in the reactor to separate the gas mixing chamber and the reaction chamber;

[0024] The gas distributors are assembled one-to-one with the vent holes, and the air inlet pipe is sealed to the vent holes;

[0025] When the gas distributor is in the gas distribution state, the airflow that is discharged obliquely downward from the gas distribution port of the cap body and / or the gas distribution port of the cap seat can prevent catalyst deposition.

[0026] In one of the alternative technical solutions, when the gas distributor is in the gas distribution state, the gas flows discharged from the gas distribution ports of any two adjacent bubble caps and / or the gas distribution ports of the cap seat meet and form a vortex airflow to prevent the catalyst from depositing downwards.

[0027] The present invention also provides a reactor, including a reactor tank and a gas distributor module as described in any of the foregoing technical solutions;

[0028] The reactor baffle is installed in the reactor tank, with a gas mixing chamber below the reactor baffle and a reaction chamber above the reactor baffle;

[0029] The bubble cap is located in the reaction chamber.

[0030] The present invention also provides a chemical system, including the reactor described in the foregoing technical solutions.

[0031] The above technical solution has the following beneficial effects:

[0032] In the technical solution of this invention, during gas distribution in the gas distributor, gas is discharged from the downward-sloping cap body gas outlet and cap seat gas outlet to chemically react with the slurry containing solid catalyst particles in the reactor tank. On one hand, since the cap seat gas outlet is angled downwards towards the reactor partition and the two are relatively close, the gas blown out from the cap seat gas outlet can blow up the catalyst deposited on the reactor partition, preventing it from depositing on the partition and eliminating the temperature run-up caused by catalyst deposition, thus preventing rapid catalyst deactivation. On the other hand, since the cap body gas outlet and cap seat gas outlet are respectively arranged downwards, the gas blown out from the cap body gas outlet and / or cap seat gas outlet of two adjacent bubble caps will meet between the two bubble caps and form a vortex airflow, which helps to prevent the catalyst from depositing downwards, improving the anti-catalyst deposition effect.

[0033] In the technical solution of the present invention, since the gas distribution port of the cap body and the gas distribution port of the cap seat are both arranged obliquely downward, even if the catalyst slurry backflows when the gas is reduced or interrupted, it will not flow into the gas distribution port of the cap body and the gas distribution port of the cap seat, thereby effectively avoiding the blockage of the gas distribution port of the cap body and the gas distribution port of the cap seat.

[0034] In the technical solution of the present invention, each of the gas distribution ports of the cap body and the gas distribution port of the cap seat of the gas distributor is equipped with a bubble generator to generate microbubbles, which facilitates the full contact between the gas and the catalyst for chemical reaction.

[0035] In summary, the gas distributor, gas distributor module, reactor, and chemical system provided by this invention can prevent catalyst deposition, prevent backflow of catalyst slurry from clogging the gas distribution ports of the cap body and the cap seat, and improve the reaction effect. Attached Figure Description

[0036] The disclosure of this invention will become more readily understood by referring to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this invention. In the drawings:

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a gas distributor provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the bubble cap;

[0039] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the gas distributor distributing gas.

[0040] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the stop valve in its initial state;

[0041] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a gas distributor module provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing a vortex airflow formed between two gas distributors;

[0043] Figure 7 A schematic diagram showing a reactor partition with ventilation holes;

[0044] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a reactor provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a chemical system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Identical components are indicated by the same reference numerals. It should be noted that the terms "front," "rear," "left," "right," "up," and "down" used in the following description refer to directions in the accompanying drawings, while the terms "inner" and "outer" refer to directions toward or away from the geometric center of a specific component, respectively.

[0047] like Figure 1-3 As shown, a gas distributor provided in one embodiment of the present invention includes a bubble cap 1 with a gas chamber 10, an air inlet pipe 2 connected below the bubble cap 1, and a check valve 3 installed in the air inlet pipe 2.

[0048] The bubble cap 1 includes a cap base 11 connected to the air inlet pipe 2, a cap body 12 connected to the cap base 11, and a cap cover 13 connected to the cap body 12.

[0049] The hat body 12 is provided with multiple downwardly arranged hat body air vents 121, and the hat seat 11 is provided with multiple downwardly arranged hat seat air vents 111. The air vent angle of the hat body air vent 121 is smaller than the air vent angle of the hat seat air vent 111.

[0050] When the gas distributor is in the gas distribution state, the airflow that is discharged obliquely downward from the gas distribution port 121 of the cap body and / or the gas distribution port 111 of the cap seat can prevent catalyst deposition.

[0051] The gas distributor provided by this invention is used for Figure 8 In the reactor 100 shown, gas is evenly distributed in the reactor 100, and the function of preventing catalyst deposition can be achieved.

[0052] The gas distributor provided by this invention includes a bubble cap 1, an inlet pipe 2, and a check valve 3. The check valve 3 is installed in the inlet pipe 2 to prevent gas backflow. When gas enters the inlet pipe 2, the check valve 3 opens. When gas intake stops in the inlet pipe 2 or the intake volume is less than a certain amount, the check valve 3 closes.

[0053] The bubble cap 1 has a gas chamber 10. The bubble cap 1 is a container for containing and discharging gas, and serves to distribute gas into the reactor. The bubble cap 1 is divided into a cap base 11, a cap body 12, and a cap 13 from bottom to top. The cap base 11, cap body 12, and cap 13 can be integrally formed.

[0054] The cap base 11 and the cap body 12 have circular or polygonal cross-sections. The width of the cap body 12 along the radial direction of the air inlet pipe 2 is greater than the width of the cap base 11 along the radial direction of the air inlet pipe 2. The air distribution port 121 of the cap body is located above and outside the air distribution port 111 of the cap base. The cap 13 is connected to the top of the cap body 12 and is hemispherical to cover the cap body 12 and increase the volume of the air chamber 10.

[0055] The cap holder 11 is connected to the upper end of the air inlet pipe 2, which is a vertically extending rigid pipe that supports the bubble cap 1. The air inlet pipe 2 communicates with the air chamber 10 of the bubble cap 1, allowing gas to be delivered into the air chamber 10. When the gas distributor is arranged in the reactor tank 101 of the reactor 100, the air inlet pipe 2 is connected to... Figure 5-6 and Figure 8 On the reactor partition 5 shown.

[0056] The cap base 11 has a plurality of cap base air vents 111 spaced apart along the circumferential direction, and at least one ring of cap base air vents 111 is provided on the cap base 11. Each cap base air vent 111 is arranged obliquely downward in the housing of the cap base 11, so that the air distribution direction of the cap base air vent 111 is obliquely downward.

[0057] The gas discharged from the gas outlet 111 of the cap seat can both contact the catalyst to facilitate the reaction and reduce or prevent the catalyst from depositing on the reactor partition 5.

[0058] The gas distribution direction of the cap-type gas distributor 111 refers to the direction or flow direction of the gas flow discharged from the cap-type gas distributor 111. The gas distribution inclination angle of the cap-type gas distributor 111 refers to the angle between the gas distribution direction of the cap-type gas distributor 111 and the horizontal plane. The larger the gas distribution inclination angle of the cap-type gas distributor 111, the larger the angle between the flow direction of the gas discharged from the cap-type gas distributor 111 and the reactor partition 5, resulting in a better catalyst deposition prevention effect.

[0059] If the gas distribution angle of the cap-type gas distribution port 111 is 90°, the gas discharged from the cap-type gas distribution port 111 will be blown vertically towards the reactor partition 5. If the gas distribution angle of the cap-type gas distribution port 111 is 0°, the gas discharged from the cap-type gas distribution port 111 will be blown substantially parallel towards the reactor partition 5. Preferably, the gas distribution angle of the cap-type gas distribution port 111 is selected in the range of 50°-85°.

[0060] When the gas distributor is in the gas distribution state, the gas blown out from the gas distribution port 111 of the cap seat will be blown towards the reactor partition 5, which can blow up the catalyst deposited on the reactor partition 5, reduce or avoid the catalyst deposition on the reactor partition 5, eliminate the temperature runaway phenomenon caused by catalyst deposition, and prevent the catalyst from rapidly deactivating.

[0061] Multiple air vents 121 are spaced apart along the circumference of the cap body 12, forming at least one ring of air vents 121. Each air vent 121 is arranged obliquely downward within the shell of the cap body 12, such that the air distribution direction of the air vent 121 faces obliquely downward.

[0062] The gas discharged from the gas outlet 121 of the cap can reduce or eliminate catalyst deposition and also distribute the gas evenly to increase the range of influence of the gas.

[0063] The gas distribution direction of the cap-shaped gas distribution port 121 refers to the direction or flow direction of the gas flow discharged from the cap-shaped gas distribution port 121. The gas distribution inclination angle of the cap-shaped gas distribution port 121 refers to the angle between the gas distribution direction of the cap-shaped gas distribution port 121 and the horizontal plane. The smaller the gas distribution inclination angle of the cap-shaped gas distribution port 121, the smaller the angle between the flow direction of the gas discharged from the cap-shaped gas distribution port 121 and the reactor partition 5, the greater the radial gas distribution distance along the reactor tank 101, the larger the gas influence range, and the more sufficient the contact with the catalyst. Preferably, the gas distribution inclination angle of the cap-shaped gas distribution port 121 is selected in the range of 15°-30°.

[0064] When a gas distributor is used in reactor 100, multiple gas distributors are arranged at intervals on reactor partition 5. When the gas distributor is in the gas distribution state, the downwardly discharged airflows from the cap body gas distribution port 121 and / or cap seat gas distribution port 111 of two adjacent bubble caps 1 will meet and form a vortex airflow. The vortex airflow flows upward to support the sinking catalyst, thereby preventing or reducing the downward deposition of the catalyst.

[0065] The vortex airflow generated by the exhaust from the cap body's air distribution port 121 is above the vortex airflow generated by the exhaust from the cap seat's air distribution port 111. The upper vortex airflow mainly serves to prevent catalyst from depositing downwards. The lower vortex airflow disturbs the reactor partition 5 above it, mainly preventing catalyst from depositing on the reactor partition 5. Of course, the lower vortex airflow also prevents or reduces catalyst deposition downwards.

[0066] To avoid mixing of gases discharged from the vent 121 on the cap body and the vent 111 on the cap seat, the following arrangement is adopted:

[0067] Along the radial direction of the air inlet pipe 2, the air outlet 121 of the cap body is located outside the air outlet 111 of the cap seat, and the air outlet angle of the air outlet 121 of the cap body is configured to be smaller than the air outlet angle of the air outlet 111 of the cap seat.

[0068] This arrangement, with the cap body air distribution port 121 positioned above and outside the cap seat air distribution port 111, ensures that the gas discharged from the cap body air distribution port 121 and the gas discharged from the cap seat air distribution port 111 are distributed in two layers, and these two layers are radially separated at their exhaust sources, helping to prevent the two layers of gas from mixing at the exhaust source. Because the air distribution angle of the cap body air distribution port 121 is small, while the air distribution angle of the cap seat air distribution port 111 is large, the gas discharged from the cap body air distribution port 121 is blown downwards at a slight angle in the upper layer, while the gas discharged from the cap seat air distribution port 111 is blown downwards at a large angle in the lower layer, thus preventing the two layers of gas from mixing during flow.

[0069] Since both the cap body gas distribution port 121 and the cap seat gas distribution port 111 are arranged obliquely downwards, even if the catalyst slurry backflows when the gas is reduced or interrupted, the obliquely arranged cap body gas distribution port 121 and cap seat gas distribution port 111 can reduce or prevent the catalyst slurry from entering the gas distribution port, thereby effectively preventing the cap body gas distribution port 121 and cap seat gas distribution port 111 from being blocked due to the backflow of catalyst slurry.

[0070] The gas distributor provided by this invention, when applied to the reactor 100, discharges gas from the downwardly angled cap-body gas outlet 121 and cap-base gas outlet 111 to facilitate a chemical reaction in the slurry containing solid catalyst particles within the reactor tank 101. On one hand, since the cap-base gas outlet 111 is angled downwards towards the reactor partition 5 and the two are relatively close, the gas blown out from the cap-base gas outlet 111 can lift the catalyst deposited on the reactor partition 5, preventing catalyst deposition on the partition 5 and eliminating temperature runaway caused by catalyst deposition, thus preventing rapid catalyst deactivation. On the other hand, since the cap-body gas outlet 121 and cap-base gas outlet 111 are respectively arranged downwards, the gas blown out from the cap-body gas outlet 121 and / or cap-base gas outlet 111 of two adjacent bubble caps 1 will meet between the two bubble caps 1 to form a vortex airflow. This vortex airflow flows upwards, preventing or reducing downward catalyst deposition and improving the anti-catalyst deposition effect.

[0071] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1-3 As shown, the radius of the cap base 11 gradually increases along the direction from bottom to top, and the cap base 11 is provided with at least two rings of cap base air vents 111 at intervals; and / or, the radius of the cap body 12 gradually increases along the direction from bottom to top, and the cap body 12 is provided with at least two rings of cap body air vents 121 at intervals.

[0072] Both the cap base 11 and the cap body 12 are inverted conical or expanding cylindrical shapes. Along the upward direction, the cap base 11 and the cap body 12 extend outwards and upwards at an angle, with their cross-sectional areas gradually increasing. Adjacent rings of cap base air distribution ports 111 are staggered, as are adjacent rings of cap body air distribution ports 121. Furthermore, the innermost cap body air distribution port 121 is located outside the outermost cap base air distribution port 111, which improves the uniformity of air distribution and prevents mixing of the upper and lower gas layers.

[0073] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1-3 As shown, the air distribution direction of the air vent 121 on the cap body is perpendicular to the cap body 12, and / or the air distribution direction of the air vent 111 on the cap seat is perpendicular to the cap seat 11.

[0074] In this embodiment, based on the fact that the cap base 11 extends upward and outward at an angle, the air distribution direction of the cap base air outlet 111 is set to be perpendicular to the cap base 11, that is, the direction from the air inlet to the air outlet of the cap base air outlet 111 is perpendicular to the wall of the cap base 11, which makes it easier to determine the air distribution direction of the cap base air outlet 111 according to the tilt angle of the cap base 11.

[0075] Based on the fact that the cap body 12 extends upward and outward at an angle, the air distribution direction of the air distribution port 121 of the cap body is set to be perpendicular to the cap body 12, that is, the direction from the air inlet to the air outlet of the air distribution port 121 of the cap body is perpendicular to the wall of the cap body 12, so as to make it easier to determine the air distribution direction of the air distribution port 121 of the cap body according to the tilt angle of the cap body 12.

[0076] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1-2 As shown, a bubble generator 4 is installed in each air vent 121 of the cap body and / or each air vent 111 of the cap seat.

[0077] Bubble generator 4 is used to generate small bubbles, which facilitates gas-liquid mixing for reaction. Bubble generator 4 uses a porous plate. The porous plate is made of ultra-thin stainless steel plate or microporous ceramic membrane, with a thickness between 0.5-3.5 mm and multiple micropores with a pore size between 0.5-2.5 mm.

[0078] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 3-4 As shown, the cap seat 11 is slidably connected to the air intake pipe 2, and / or the cap seat 11 is pivotally connected to the air intake pipe 2.

[0079] If necessary, a sealing ring is arranged between the cap 11 and the air inlet pipe 2 to prevent air leakage.

[0080] The cap 11 is slidably connected to the air intake pipe 2. The cap 11 can slide axially relative to the air intake pipe 2, which can improve the gas distribution effect, help the gas-liquid mixing reaction, and prevent catalyst deposition.

[0081] The cap holder 11 is slidably connected to the air inlet pipe 2, which can automatically adapt to changes in the air pressure supplied to the bubble cap 1. The bubble cap 1 will slide adaptively according to the air pressure, which plays a buffering role.

[0082] When the air intake volume or air pressure in the air intake pipe 2 is sufficiently large, the air pressure acting on the cap 13 will cause the bubble cap 1 to slide upward relative to the air intake pipe 2. The bubble cap 1 slides towards the depth or height of the reaction chamber 103 of the reactor 100. The bubble cap 1 can not only be at the bottom of the reaction chamber 103, but also enter the depth of the reaction chamber 103, which is conducive to the distribution of air from the bubble cap 1 to the depth of the reaction chamber 103, so as to fully contact the slurry containing solid catalyst particles in the reaction chamber 103 to carry out a chemical reaction. The sliding distance of the bubble cap 1 and the corresponding air pressure can be set as needed, and will not be described in detail here.

[0083] When the bubble cap 1 slides, the surrounding slurry will be disturbed, which will also disturb the catalyst deposited on the reactor partition 5, helping to prevent the catalyst from depositing on the reactor partition 5.

[0084] The cap 11 is pivotally connected to the air intake pipe 2. The cap 11 can rotate relative to the air intake pipe 2, which can improve the gas distribution effect, help the gas-liquid mixing reaction, and prevent catalyst deposition.

[0085] When the bubble cap 1 is subjected to force in the circumferential direction, such as the flow of the surrounding slurry or the pressure imbalance of the internal gas, the bubble cap 1 can rotate in the reaction chamber 103, which can disturb the surrounding slurry and help to achieve uniform gas distribution in the circumferential direction. This allows it to fully contact the slurry containing solid catalyst particles in the reaction chamber 103 to carry out a chemical reaction, and also helps to prevent catalyst deposition.

[0086] As the bubble cap 1 moves upward in the reaction chamber 103, it also rotates within the reaction chamber 103, thus agitating the slurry over a larger area, better preventing catalyst deposition, and improving the mixing and reaction effect between the gas and the slurry.

[0087] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1-3 As shown, the upper end of the intake pipe 2 has a limiting groove 23 extending along the axial direction of the intake pipe 2. The lower end of the cap seat 11 is fitted into the limiting groove 23. The cap seat 11 can move axially along the intake pipe 2 and can also rotate circumferentially along the intake pipe 2 within the limiting groove 23.

[0088] The limiting groove 23 is used to limit the axial sliding of the cap seat 11. When the cap 1 is in the initial state, the lower opening of the cap seat 11 is at the lowest point of the limiting groove 23. When the gas flow rate in the air inlet pipe 2 is sufficient to cause the cap 1 to move upward, the lower opening of the cap seat 11 slides upward in the limiting groove 23 and is eventually stopped by the highest point of the limiting groove 23. Regardless of the position of the lower opening of the cap seat 11 in the limiting groove 23, the cap 1 can rotate relative to the air inlet pipe 2.

[0089] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3-4 As shown, the intake pipe 2 includes an intake pipe main 21 and an expansion pipe 22 connected to the upper end of the intake pipe main 21.

[0090] The radius of the expansion tube 22 gradually increases along the upward direction.

[0091] A retaining ring 24 is installed in the top opening of the intake manifold 21 to prevent the check valve 3 from falling.

[0092] When the check valve 3 is in its initial state, the check valve 3 is sealed in the top opening of the intake manifold 21.

[0093] When check valve 3 is in the open state, check valve 3 is in the expansion tube 22.

[0094] In this embodiment, the check valve 3 is a sliding valve, which can be moved upward by air pressure. When the air pressure decreases to a certain level, the check valve 3 automatically falls down under the action of gravity.

[0095] The intake pipe 2 includes a lower main intake pipe 21 and an upper expansion pipe 22. The inner surface of the expansion pipe 22 is tapered, wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. The radius of the main intake pipe 21 is slightly larger than the radius of the check valve 3, allowing the check valve 3 to fall into the main intake pipe 21. A retaining ring 24 is installed in the top opening of the main intake pipe 21 to prevent the check valve 3 from falling. If necessary, a sealing ring can be fitted around the outer circumference of the check valve 3 to achieve a seal with the main intake pipe 21. The minimum radius of the expansion pipe 22 is larger than the radius of the check valve 3.

[0096] When no air is supplied to the intake pipe 2 or the air pressure is less than the weight of the check valve 3, the check valve 3 falls on the retaining ring 24 and seals the top opening of the intake pipe main pipe 21. At this time, the check valve 3 is in its initial state.

[0097] When air is supplied to the intake pipe 2 and the air pressure is greater than the sum of the weight of the check valve 3 and the friction between the check valve 3 and the intake pipe main 21, the check valve 3 is lifted by the air pressure and rises into the expansion pipe 22. The gas flows through the gap between the check valve 3 and the pipe wall of the expansion pipe 22. At this time, the check valve 3 is in the open state.

[0098] The check valve 3 structure provided in this embodiment relies entirely on automatic air pressure adjustment for switching, eliminating the need for a dedicated electric switch and saving costs.

[0099] like Figure 5-7 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a gas distributor module, including a reactor partition 5 having a plurality of vent holes 51 and a plurality of gas distributors as described in any of the preceding embodiments.

[0100] Reactor baffle 5 is used for installation Figure 8 The reactor 100 shown is divided into a mixing chamber 102 and a reaction chamber 103.

[0101] Multiple gas distributors are assembled one-to-one with multiple vent holes 51, and the air inlet pipe 2 is sealed to the vent holes 51.

[0102] When the gas distributor is in the gas distribution state, the airflow that is discharged obliquely downward from the gas distribution port 121 of the cap body and / or the gas distribution port 111 of the cap seat can prevent catalyst deposition.

[0103] The gas distributor module provided by this invention is used as a module unit in reactor 100. This gas distributor module mainly consists of a reactor partition 5 and gas distributors. The reactor partition 5 has multiple spaced-apart, vertically connected vent holes 51, and each vent hole 51 is equipped with a gas distributor. During assembly, the lower end of the inlet pipe 2 is inserted into the vent hole 51 and sealed. If necessary, a sealing ring can be installed between the inlet pipe 2 and the wall of the vent hole 51 to prevent gas leakage.

[0104] The arrangement of the multiple vents 51 on the reactor partition 5 can be set as needed to define the arrangement of the multiple gas distributors on the reactor partition 5. The spacing of the vents 51 can be selected between 0.15m and 0.45m.

[0105] When the gas distributor module is applied to reactor 100, reactor partition 5 is sealed to reactor tank 101. Below reactor partition 5 is mixing chamber 102, and above reactor partition 5 is reaction chamber 103, with bubble cap 1 located in reaction chamber 103. Gas in mixing chamber 102 can enter inlet pipe 2 and then be distributed into reaction chamber 103 via bubble cap 1 to achieve uniform gas-liquid distribution.

[0106] As mentioned earlier, when the gas distributor is in the gas distribution state, gas is discharged from the downward-sloping cap gas distribution port 121 and cap seat gas distribution port 111 to react chemically with the slurry containing solid catalyst particles in the reactor tank 101. The cap gas distribution port 121 has a small inclination angle, and the gas blown out from the cap gas distribution ports 121 of two adjacent bubble caps 1 will meet, thereby supporting the catalyst and preventing or reducing the downward deposition of the catalyst. The gas blown out from the cap seat gas distribution port 111 will be blown towards the reactor partition 5, which can blow up the catalyst deposited on the reactor partition 5, reduce or avoid catalyst deposition on the reactor partition 5, eliminate the temperature run-up caused by catalyst deposition, and prevent rapid catalyst deactivation.

[0107] In one embodiment, such as Figure 6 As shown, when the gas distributor is in the gas distribution state, the gas flow discharged from the cap body gas distribution port 121 and / or the cap seat gas distribution port 111 of any two adjacent bubble caps 1 meet and form a vortex gas flow to prevent the catalyst from depositing downward.

[0108] In this embodiment, the gas blown out from the air outlets 121 of the two adjacent caps 11 will meet at an angle below the two caps 12 to form a vortex airflow. The vortex airflow flows upward, which mainly serves to prevent the catalyst from depositing downward.

[0109] The gas blown out from the gas outlets 111 of two adjacent cap holders 11 will meet diagonally below the two cap holders 11 to form a vortex airflow. The vortex airflow disturbs above the reactor partition 5, mainly to prevent catalyst from depositing on the reactor partition 5. Of course, the vortex airflow below will also prevent or reduce the downward deposition of catalyst.

[0110] The air distribution angle of the cap seat air outlet 111 and the distance between two adjacent gas distributors can be set according to the above requirements.

[0111] Assume the distance between the axes of two adjacent vents 51 is D, the distance from the cap seat air outlet 111 to the top surface of the reactor partition 5 is H, the distance from the cap seat air outlet 111 to the axis of the vent 51 is d, and the air distribution angle of the cap seat air outlet 111 is α. Ignoring the influence of the slurry, according to trigonometric formulas, as long as ctgα×H+d>D / 2, the gases blown out by the opposing or opposite cap seat air outlets 111 of two adjacent cap seats 11 will meet and form a vortex airflow.

[0112] The air distribution angle and distance of the air distribution port 121 of the hat can be set according to the above method, which will not be repeated here.

[0113] like Figure 8 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a reactor 100, which includes a reactor tank 101 and a gas distributor module as described in any of the foregoing embodiments.

[0114] The reactor partition 5 is installed in the reactor tank 101. Below the reactor partition 5 is the gas mixing chamber 102, and above the reactor partition 5 is the reaction chamber 103. The bubble cap 1 is located in the reaction chamber 103.

[0115] The reactor 100 provided by the present invention is a reactor for chemical use, preferably a Fischer-Tropsch reactor.

[0116] The reactor partition 5 is sealed to the lower middle part of the reactor tank 101, and the reactor partition 5 divides the reactor tank 101 into the lower mixing chamber 102 and the upper reaction chamber 103.

[0117] The mixing chamber 102 has one or more reactor inlets 104 on its side. When one of the reactor inlets 104 is blocked, another reactor inlet 104 can be used.

[0118] The bottom of the mixing chamber 102 has a discharge port 107. If slurry seeps into the mixing chamber 102 from the gap between the air inlet pipe 2 and the air vent 51, it can be discharged through the discharge port 107.

[0119] The reaction chamber 103 contains a slurry of solid catalyst particles. An inlet may be provided on the side or top of the reaction chamber 103 for filling the slurry.

[0120] The side of the reaction chamber 103 has a compound outlet 105 for discharging the reacted compound, such as Fischer-Tropsch wax. The top of the reaction chamber 103 has a reactor vent 106 for venting gases for reuse.

[0121] As mentioned earlier, when the gas distributor is in the gas distribution state, gas is discharged from the downward-sloping cap gas outlet 121 and cap seat gas outlet 111 to chemically react with the slurry containing solid catalyst particles in the reactor tank 101. On one hand, the gas blown out from the cap seat gas outlet 111 is blown towards the reactor partition 5, which can blow up the catalyst deposited on the reactor partition 5, reduce or avoid catalyst deposition on the reactor partition 5, eliminate the temperature run-up phenomenon caused by catalyst deposition, and prevent rapid catalyst deactivation. On the other hand, the gas blown out from the cap body gas outlet 121 and / or cap seat gas outlet 111 of two adjacent bubble caps 1 will meet between the two bubble caps 1 and form a vortex airflow. The vortex airflow flows upward, which can prevent or reduce the downward deposition of catalyst, thus improving the effect of preventing catalyst deposition.

[0122] like Figure 9 As shown, the chemical system provided in this embodiment of the invention includes the reactor 100 described in the foregoing embodiment.

[0123] The chemical system provided by this invention uses reactor 100 for compound synthesis.

[0124] The preferred chemical system is a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis system, which includes a reactor 100, a gas source 200, a shell-and-tube heat exchanger 300, a heavy oil tank 400, a cooler 500, a light oil tank 600, a tail gas recovery system 700, a compressor 800, and a decarbonization system 900.

[0125] Gas source 200 is used to provide a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide.

[0126] The shell-and-tube heat exchanger 300 heats the mixed gas from the gas source 200 and the compressor 800 with the exhaust gas from the top of the reactor 100, so that the mixed gas is preheated and enters the reactor 100 as raw gas for reaction. Meanwhile, the exhaust gas from the top of the reactor 100 is cooled so that the heavy components are condensed, so that liquid heavy oil can be separated from the gas in the heavy oil tank 400.

[0127] The heavy oil tank 400 is connected to the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 300, which performs gas-liquid separation on the exhaust gas from the top of the reactor 100 transmitted from the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 300 to separate the heavy oil.

[0128] Cooler 500 is connected to heavy oil tank 400 to further cool the gas discharged from heavy oil tank 400 so that the light oil components therein will condense.

[0129] The light oil tank 600 is connected to the cooler 500, and the gas from the cooler 500 is subjected to gas-liquid separation to separate the light oil.

[0130] The exhaust gas recovery system 700 is connected to the light oil tank 600 and is used to recover and treat all or part of the exhaust gas discharged from the light oil tank 600. It can also recover LPG, methane, etc. from the exhaust gas, while the remaining exhaust gas enters the flare system.

[0131] All or part of the exhaust gas from the light oil tank 600 is decarbonized by the decarbonization system 900 before entering the compressor 800. All or part of the exhaust gas from the light oil tank 600 can also directly enter the compressor 800. After being pressurized by the compressor 800, it is mixed with the gas from the gas source 200 and then transmitted to the shell and tube heat exchanger 300.

[0132] The decarbonization system 900 can remove inert carbon dioxide from the exhaust gas, reducing the impact of inert components on the reaction while recovering the exhaust gas, thus improving the reaction efficiency.

[0133] The components of gas source 200, shell and tube heat exchanger 300, heavy oil tank 400, cooler 500, light oil tank 600, exhaust gas recovery system 700, compressor 800, and decarbonization system 900 are existing technologies, and their structures and working principles will not be detailed here.

[0134] As needed, the above technical solutions can be combined to achieve the best technical effect.

[0135] The above description is merely the principle and preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several other modifications can be made based on the principle of the present invention, and these modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gas distributor module, characterized in that, It includes a reactor baffle with multiple vents and multiple gas distributors; The gas distributor includes a bubble cap with a gas chamber, an air inlet pipe connected to the lower part of the bubble cap, and a check valve installed in the air inlet pipe; the bubble cap includes a cap seat connected to the air inlet pipe, a cap body connected to the cap seat, and a cap cover connected to the cap body; the cap body is provided with a plurality of downwardly arranged cap body air distribution ports, and the cap seat is provided with a plurality of downwardly arranged cap seat air distribution ports, the air distribution angle of the cap body air distribution ports is smaller than the air distribution angle of the cap seat air distribution ports; Along the direction from bottom to top, the radius of the cap base gradually increases, and the cap base is provided with at least two rings of cap base air vents at intervals; and / or, along the direction from bottom to top, the radius of the cap body gradually increases, and the cap body is provided with at least two rings of cap body air vents at intervals; The cap is slidably connected to the air intake pipe; The reactor partition is installed in the reactor to separate the gas mixing chamber and the reaction chamber; The gas distributors are assembled one-to-one with the vent holes, and the air inlet pipe is sealed to the vent holes; When the gas distributor is in the gas distribution state, the airflow that is discharged obliquely downward from the gas distribution port of the cap body and / or the gas distribution port of the cap seat can prevent catalyst deposition.

2. The gas distributor module according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the gas distributor is in the gas distribution state, the gas flow from the gas distribution port of any two adjacent bubble caps and / or the gas distribution port of the cap seat meets and forms a vortex airflow to prevent the catalyst from depositing downward.

3. The gas distributor module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air distribution direction of the air vent on the hat body is perpendicular to the hat body, and / or the air distribution direction of the air vent on the hat seat is perpendicular to the hat seat.

4. The gas distributor module according to claim 1, characterized in that, A bubble generator is installed in each of the air vents on the cap body and / or each of the air vents on the cap seat.

5. The gas distributor module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cap seat is pivotally connected to the air intake pipe.

6. The gas distributor module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intake pipe includes a main intake pipe and an expansion pipe connected to the main intake pipe; The radius of the expansion tube gradually increases along the upward direction; A retaining ring for preventing the check valve from falling is installed in the top opening of the main intake pipe. When the check valve is in its initial state, the check valve is sealed in the top opening of the main intake manifold; When the check valve is in the open state, the check valve is located in the expansion tube.

7. A reactor, characterized in that, Includes a reactor tank and a gas distributor module as described in any one of claims 1-6; The reactor baffle is installed in the reactor tank, with a gas mixing chamber below the reactor baffle and a reaction chamber above the reactor baffle; The bubble cap is located in the reaction chamber.

8. A chemical system, characterized in that, Includes the reactor as described in claim 7.

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