A reactor for chemical treatment of high-fiber feedstock

Abstract

The application discloses a reactor for chemical treatment of high-fiber feed raw materials, which comprises a shell which is a cylinder with an open top; a first heating partition plate fixedly arranged at the top of the shell; a plurality of second heating partition plates arranged at intervals between the bottom plate of the shell and the first heating partition plate; wherein the bottom of each of the first heating partition plate and the second heating partition plate is provided with a heating coil pipe; a steam pipeline for conveying steam into the heating coil pipe; a middle shaft arranged in the shell along the central axis of the shell, both ends of the middle shaft being rotatably supported on the first heating partition plate and the bottom plate of the shell; a driving mechanism for driving the middle shaft to rotate; a plurality of groups of raking blades fixedly connected to the middle shaft; a feeding port arranged on the first heating partition plate; a plurality of discharge ports arranged one by one on the second heating partition plates; at least one discharge port arranged on the bottom plate of the shell; and the feeding port, the discharge ports and the discharge port being staggered in the direction of rotation of the middle shaft.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of feed ingredient chemical processing technology, and specifically relates to a reactor for chemical processing of high-fiber feed ingredients. Background Technology

[0002] Ruminant feed is the most consumed type of feed for animals worldwide. Its demand far exceeds that of corn and soybean meal. Among them, corn silage and alfalfa (including alfalfa silage and alfalfa hay) are the world's major forage varieties.

[0003] Existing chemical and biological treatment methods require high moisture content, with most requiring a moisture content of over 40%, while feed transportation and long-term storage require a moisture content of ≤15%. Therefore, large-scale industrial production necessitates the introduction of drying processes. However, drying processes are energy-intensive and costly, and biological treatment methods suffer from poor stability and consistency. Consequently, the aforementioned methods are only suitable for use as transitional forage in areas with short transportation distances, i.e., regions with large livestock populations and abundant straw resources.

[0004] For the reasons mentioned above, there is an urgent need to improve the nutritional value and digestibility of straw, turning waste straw into high-quality roughage, and even achieving an effect comparable to alfalfa.

[0005] Therefore, there is a need to develop a straw processing device that can instantly complete the entire process of chemical pretreatment, biochemical pyrolysis, and pressurized osmosis on a fully automated production line, converting all the organic matter in the straw into effective nutrients for beef cattle. However, existing pre-digestion reactors are mostly designed for concentrate feed with low crude fiber content and high bulk density, and existing fermentation, ammoniation, and alkalization technologies are difficult to automate. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a reactor for the chemical treatment of high-fiber feed ingredients, which can realize the automated chemical pretreatment of high-fiber feed ingredients and improve the digestion reaction rate of high-fiber feed ingredients.

[0007] The technical solution provided by this invention is as follows:

[0008] A reactor for chemical treatment of high-fiber feed ingredients, comprising:

[0009] The shell is a cylinder with an opening at the top;

[0010] A first heating baffle is fixedly disposed on the top of the housing, blocking the top opening of the housing; the first heating baffle is parallel to the bottom plate of the housing;

[0011] Multiple second heating baffles are spaced apart between the bottom plate of the housing and the first heating baffle, and the second heating baffles are arranged parallel to the first heating baffle, dividing the inner cavity of the housing into multiple heating chambers;

[0012] Heating coils are provided at the bottom of both the first heating partition and the second heating partition;

[0013] A steam pipe, which is connected to the heating coil, is used to supply steam to the heating coil;

[0014] A central shaft is disposed in the housing along the central axis of the housing, and the two ends of the central shaft are rotatably supported on the first heating partition and the bottom plate of the housing, respectively.

[0015] A drive mechanism for driving the central shaft to rotate;

[0016] Multiple sets of feeding blades are fixedly connected to the central shaft, and the multiple sets of feeding blades are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the multiple sets of heating chambers;

[0017] The feed inlet is located on the first heating partition;

[0018] Multiple feeding ports are correspondingly provided on the second heating partition;

[0019] At least one discharge port is provided on the bottom plate of the housing;

[0020] The feed inlet, the discharge outlet, and the unloading outlet are staggered in the direction of rotation of the central shaft.

[0021] Preferably, the angle formed by the line connecting the center of the feed inlet and the center of the first heating baffle and the line connecting the center of the discharge inlet adjacent to the feed inlet and the center of the second heating baffle located therein along the rotation direction of the central axis is 270 degrees.

[0022] Preferably, in two adjacent discharge ports, the angle formed by the line connecting the center of the upper discharge port to the center of the second heating baffle and the line connecting the center of the lower discharge port to the center of the second heating baffle along the rotation direction of the central axis is 270 degrees.

[0023] Preferably, each set of the feed plates includes two feed plate units, and the included angle between the two feed plate units is 180°.

[0024] Preferably, the reactor for chemical treatment of high-fiber feed ingredients further includes:

[0025] Multiple pressure balancing ports are provided on the first heating partition, and the multiple pressure balancing ports are spaced apart.

[0026] Preferably, the number of discharge ports is one or two;

[0027] When there is only one discharge port, the angle formed by the line connecting the center of the discharge port and the center of the bottom plate of the shell and the line connecting the center of the discharge port adjacent to the discharge port and the center of the second heating partition is 270 degrees along the rotation direction of the central axis.

[0028] Preferably, when there are two discharge ports, the positions of the two discharge ports are centrally symmetrical about the center point of the bottom plate of the housing.

[0029] Preferably, the height of each heating chamber is less than 100cm.

[0030] Preferably, the heating coil can maintain a pressure of 50N or more.

[0031] Preferably, the rotational speed of the central shaft is controlled so that the time from feeding to discharging of each heating chamber is more than 1.5 minutes.

[0032] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0033] The reactor provided by this invention for the chemical treatment of high-fiber feed ingredients can realize automated chemical pretreatment of high-fiber feed ingredients.

[0034] The reactor provided by this invention for the chemical treatment of high-fiber feed ingredients can provide a reaction environment exceeding 100°C, thereby increasing the rate of digestion reaction of high-fiber feed ingredients.

[0035] The reactor for chemical treatment of high-fiber feed ingredients provided by this invention can effectively prevent arching. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the reactor for chemical treatment of high-fiber feed ingredients according to the present invention.

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the reactor for chemical treatment of high-fiber feed ingredients according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can implement it based on the description.

[0039] like Figure 1-2As shown, the present invention provides a reactor for chemical treatment of high-fiber feed raw materials, which mainly includes: shell 110, first heating baffle 120, second heating baffle 130, heating coil, steam pipe, central shaft 140, drive mechanism and feed plate 150.

[0040] The housing 110 is a cylinder with an open top. A first heating baffle 120 is fixedly installed on the top of the housing 110, blocking the top opening of the housing 110; and the first heating baffle 120 is parallel to the bottom plate of the housing 110.

[0041] Multiple second heating baffles 130 are spaced apart between the bottom plate of the housing 110 and the first heating baffle 120, and the second heating baffles 130 are arranged parallel to the first heating baffle 120; the multiple second heating baffles 130 divide the inner cavity of the housing 110 into multiple heating chambers from top to bottom. A heating coil is fixedly installed on the bottom (lower surface) of both the first heating baffle 120 and each second heating baffle 130. ， The heating coil is used to introduce steam, with a relative steam pressure not exceeding 5 kg, i.e., 0.5 MPa (with atmospheric pressure as 0). The inner diameter of the heating coil is 20 mm, and the material is stainless steel. The steam pipe is connected to the heating coil and is used to supply steam to the heating coil to heat the heating chamber. The heating coil can maintain a pressure of 5 kg (50 N) or higher. The steam heating in the heating coil can maintain the temperature of the first heating baffle 120 and the second heating baffle 130 above 140°C, thereby increasing the temperature of the reaction environment in the heating chamber to exceed 100°C and maintaining the material temperature in the reactor above 70°C; thus improving the digestion rate of high-fiber feed raw materials. The first heating baffle 120 has multiple pressure balance ports 122, which are spaced apart to ensure pressure balance in the reactor.

[0042] Preferably, the height of each heating chamber is less than 100cm to prevent arching of the material in the reactor. Multiple observation and maintenance ports 111 are provided on the side wall of the shell 110 corresponding to each heating chamber. Each observation and maintenance port 111 is equipped with an openable maintenance door to facilitate observation of the raw material reaction and maintenance of the reactor.

[0043] The central shaft 140 is disposed in the housing 110 along the central axis of the housing 110. The central shaft 140 passes through the first heating partition 120 and multiple second heating partitions 130. The two ends of the central shaft 140 are rotatably supported on the first heating partition 120 and the bottom plate of the housing 110, respectively.

[0044] The drive mechanism is used to drive the central shaft 140 to rotate. Multiple sets of material feeding plates 150 are fixedly connected to the central shaft 140, and the multiple sets of material feeding plates 150 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the multiple sets of heating chambers. That is, each heating chamber is provided with a set of material feeding plates 150, and the material feeding plates 150 are arranged close to the second heating partition 130 of the heating chamber or close to the bottom plate of the housing 110, and there is a gap between them and the second heating partition 130 or the bottom plate of the housing 110.

[0045] In one embodiment, each set of the feed plates 150 includes two feed plate units, with an included angle of 180° between the two feed plate units. A fixing frame 151 is fixedly mounted on the central shaft 140, and the two feed plate units are fixedly connected to the fixing frame 151.

[0046] As a preferred embodiment, bearings are respectively installed at the center of the first heating partition 120, the second heating partition 130, and the bottom plate of the housing 110, and the central shaft 140 is rotatably supported in multiple bearings. Two parallel bearing reinforcement brackets 123 are fixedly arranged above the first heating partition 120, and a bearing fixing plate 124 is fixedly installed between the two bearing reinforcement brackets 123. The bearings corresponding to the first heating partition 120 are embedded in the bearing fixing plate 124.

[0047] The first heating baffle 120 has a feed inlet 121; each second heating baffle 130 has a discharge port 131; and at least one discharge port 112 is provided on the bottom plate of the housing 110. The feed inlets 121, discharge ports 131, and discharge ports 112 are staggered in the direction of rotation of the central axis 140 to ensure the residence time of the reactants in the heating chamber. A stirring plate 150 is provided to agitate the reactants, further improving reaction efficiency. The stirring plate 150 can also push the reactants to the discharge port 131 or discharge port 112 for discharge.

[0048] As a further preferred option, the lower sides of the feed inlet 121, feed outlet 131, and discharge outlet 112 are all connected to flow guides to ensure that the reaction raw materials smoothly enter the heating chamber below.

[0049] In one embodiment, the angle formed by the line connecting the center of the feed inlet 121 and the center of the first heating baffle 120 and the line connecting the center of the feed outlet 131 adjacent to the feed inlet 121 and the center of the second heating baffle 130 is 270 degrees along the rotation direction of the central axis 140; that is, after the central axis rotates 270 degrees, the reaction material in the upper heating chamber is pushed to the feed outlet 131 by the pusher plate 150, so that the reaction material falls into the lower heating chamber.

[0050] In two adjacent discharge ports 131, the angle formed by the line connecting the center of the upper discharge port 131 to the center of the second heating baffle 130 and the line connecting the center of the lower discharge port 131 to the center of the second heating baffle 130 along the rotation direction of the central axis 140 is 270 degrees.

[0051] In one embodiment, there is one discharge port 112, and the angle formed by the line connecting the center of the discharge port 131 adjacent to the discharge port 112 and the center of the second heating partition 130 therein, and the line connecting the center of the discharge port 112 and the center of the bottom plate of the housing 110 along the rotation direction of the central axis 140 is 270 degrees.

[0052] By controlling the rotational speed of the central shaft 140, the time from feeding to discharging in each heating chamber is more than 1.5 minutes, that is, the residence (reaction) time of the reactant in each heating chamber is more than 1.5 minutes.

[0053] In another embodiment, the number of discharge ports 112 is two; the position of one discharge port 112 is the same as that of the discharge port 112 in the embodiment with one discharge port, and the positions of the two discharge ports 112 are centrally symmetrical about the center point of the bottom plate of the housing 110.

[0054] Multiple lifting lugs 160 are provided at the top and bottom of the reactor shell, which are generally used for lifting or moving the reactor.

[0055] The working process of the reactor for chemical treatment of high-fiber feed ingredients provided by this invention is as follows:

[0056] Steam is delivered to the heating coil via a steam pipe to heat the first heating baffle 120 and each of the second heating baffles 130. The steam temperature can reach over 160°C, and the lower surfaces of the first heating baffle 120 and the second heating baffle 130 can be heated to 140°C, ensuring that the material temperature in the heating chamber is maintained above 70°C. The conditioned material (reaction raw material) enters the reactor through the feed inlet 121. The drive device (variable frequency motor) drives the central shaft 140 via a reducer, and the central shaft drives the material feeding plate 150 to rotate slowly, ensuring that the residence time of each layer (heating chamber) is more than 1.5 minutes.

[0057] Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. They can be applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other modifications can be easily made. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A reactor for chemical treatment of high-fiber feed ingredients, characterized in that, include: The shell is a cylinder with an opening at the top; A first heating baffle is fixedly installed on the top of the housing, blocking the top opening of the housing; The first heating baffle is parallel to the bottom plate of the housing; Multiple second heating baffles are spaced apart between the bottom plate of the housing and the first heating baffle, and the second heating baffles are arranged parallel to the first heating baffle, dividing the inner cavity of the housing into multiple heating chambers; The bottom of both the first heating partition and the second heating partition is provided with a heating coil; the height of each heating chamber is less than 100cm. A steam pipe, which is connected to the heating coil, is used to supply steam to the heating coil; A central shaft is disposed in the housing along the central axis of the housing, and the two ends of the central shaft are rotatably supported on the first heating partition and the bottom plate of the housing, respectively. A drive mechanism for driving the central shaft to rotate; Multiple sets of feeding blades are fixedly connected to the central shaft, and the multiple sets of feeding blades are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the multiple sets of heating chambers; The feed inlet is located on the first heating partition; Multiple feeding ports are correspondingly provided on the second heating partition; At least one discharge port is provided on the bottom plate of the housing; The feed inlet, the discharge outlet, and the unloading outlet are staggered in the direction of rotation of the central shaft; By controlling the rotational speed of the central shaft, the time from feeding to discharging in each heating chamber is made more than 1.5 minutes.

2. The reactor for chemical treatment of high-fiber feed ingredients according to claim 1, characterized in that, The angle formed by the line connecting the center of the feed inlet and the center of the first heating baffle and the line connecting the center of the discharge inlet adjacent to the feed inlet and the center of the second heating baffle located therein along the rotation direction of the central axis is 270 degrees.

3. The reactor for chemical treatment of high-fiber feed ingredients according to claim 2, characterized in that, In two adjacent discharge ports, the angle formed by the line connecting the center of the upper discharge port to the center of the second heating baffle and the line connecting the center of the lower discharge port to the center of the second heating baffle along the direction of rotation of the central axis is 270 degrees.

4. The reactor for chemical treatment of high-fiber feed ingredients according to claim 3, characterized in that, Each set of the feed plates includes two feed plate units, and the included angle between the two feed plates is 180°.

5. The reactor for chemical treatment of high-fiber feed ingredients according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, Also includes: Multiple pressure balancing ports are provided on the first heating partition, and the multiple pressure balancing ports are spaced apart.

6. The reactor for chemical treatment of high-fiber feed ingredients according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of discharge ports is one or two; When there is only one discharge port, the angle formed by the line connecting the center of the discharge port adjacent to the discharge port and the center of the second heating baffle plate and the line connecting the center of the discharge port and the center of the bottom plate of the shell along the rotation direction of the central axis is 270 degrees.

7. The reactor for chemical treatment of high-fiber feed ingredients according to claim 6, characterized in that, When there are two discharge ports, the positions of the two discharge ports are centrally symmetrical about the center point of the bottom plate of the shell.

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