Multifunctional fluorine-free foam extinguishing agent and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application provides a multifunctional fluorine-free foam extinguishing agent and a preparation method thereof. The complex surfactant used in the multifunctional fluorine-free foam extinguishing agent is composed of a polyether modified gemini organosilicon surfactant, a nonionic surfactant, a zwitterionic surfactant and an anionic surfactant. The polyether modified gemini organosilicon surfactant is added in the complex surfactant, and through the synergistic effect of the polyether modified gemini organosilicon surfactant and other surfactants, under the condition that the polyether modified gemini organosilicon surfactant is in a small amount, the polyether modified gemini organosilicon surfactant also realizes the optimal surface tension and foaming effect. In addition, the foam extinguishing agent is fluorine-free and can be used for extinguishing various types of fire sources, so that the foam extinguishing agent has the advantages of wide application range, green environmental protection and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of fire extinguishing agents, and in particular to a multifunctional fluorine-free foam fire extinguishing agent and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the field of fire fighting, the sources of fire are often diverse, such as buildings, forests, fuel, etc. However, the most common fire extinguishing agent, water, is not suitable for all fires due to its own characteristics (such as good fluidity, easy evaporation, low adhesion, etc.). Based on this, those skilled in the art have added one or more reagents to water to change the physical and chemical properties of water such as viscosity, adhesion, latent heat of vaporization and wetting power, thereby greatly improving the fire extinguishing efficiency and scope of application of water. This type of fire extinguishing agent is also called a water-based fire extinguishing agent. Among them, foam fire extinguishing agent, as the most common water-based fire extinguishing agent, is widely used due to its advantages such as low flow, strong adhesion, and low vaporization.

[0003] Existing foam fire extinguishing agents include fluorine-containing foam fire extinguishing agents and fluorine-free foam fire extinguishing agents. Fluorine-free foam fire extinguishing agents are favored by industry insiders because they do not contain fluorine-containing surfactants, thus avoiding the problems of increased environmental pollution and increased fluorine toxicity in organisms caused by fluorine-containing surfactants.

[0004] However, to reduce the surface tension and increase the foaming ratio of fluorine-free foam fire extinguishing agents, existing fluorine-free foam fire extinguishing agents are prepared by adding large amounts of surfactants. However, the use of large amounts of surfactants still causes certain environmental pollution and clearly does not meet the current domestic requirements for fire extinguishing agents.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need in the art for a multifunctional fluorine-free foam fire extinguishing agent that has excellent anti-burning performance and little environmental pollution. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To solve the above problems, this application provides a multifunctional fluorine-free foam fire extinguishing agent and a preparation method thereof. The specific contents are as follows:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a multifunctional fluorine-free foam fire extinguishing agent, which is composed of a compound surfactant, a water-soluble flame retardant, a cosolvent, a preservative, an antibacterial agent, a thickener, and water, wherein the compound surfactant is composed of a polyether-modified gemini silicone surfactant, a nonionic surfactant, a zwitterionic surfactant, and an anionic surfactant;

[0008] Wherein, the structural formula of the polyether modified gemini silicone surfactant is:

[0009]

[0010] wherein n=10-20, and R1-R14 are any one of methyl, ethyl or phenyl.

[0011] Optionally, the weight proportions of the components in the multifunctional fluorine-free foam fire extinguishing agent are: 10-25 parts of a compound surfactant, 10-30 parts of a water-soluble flame retardant, 5-30 parts of a cosolvent, 0.01-1.0 parts of a preservative, 0.05-5.0 parts of a bacteriostat, 0.01-1.0 parts of a thickener, and the balance of water;

[0012] Optionally, the weight proportions of the components in the compound surfactant are: 0.1-5 parts of polyether-modified gemini silicone surfactant, 10-15 parts of nonionic surfactant, 0.5-3 parts of zwitterionic surfactant, and 1-5 parts of anionic surfactant.

[0013] Optionally, the nonionic surfactant is a mixture of one or more of fatty amine polyoxyethylene ether, alkyl glycoside, and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether.

[0014] Optionally, the zwitterionic surfactant is a betaine surfactant and / or an imidazoline surfactant.

[0015] Optionally, the anionic surfactant is one or more of fatty alcohol sulfate, fatty alcohol ether sulfate or fatty alcohol ether succinate.

[0016] Optionally, the fatty amine polyoxyethylene ether is coconut amine polyoxyethylene ether (AC-5) and / or oleic acid amine polyoxyethylene ether (NE-10);

[0017] The alkyl glycoside is one or two of alkyl glycoside 0810, alkyl glycoside 08, and alkyl glycoside 0814;

[0018] The fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether is a fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether with an EO chain length of 2 to 15, such as one or more of AEO-2, AEO-3, AEO-7, AEO-9, AEO-10, and AEO-15.

[0019] Optionally, the betaine surfactant is one or more of cocamidopropyl betaine (CAB-35), lauryl amide propyl betaine, decyl amide propyl betaine, dodecyl dimethyl betaine (BS-12), and dodecyl hydroxysulfonyl betaine (DSB);

[0020] The imidazoline surfactant is one or more of lauryl imidazoline betaine, coconut oil imidazoline betaine, and tetradecyl imidazoline betaine.

[0021] Optionally, the carbon chain length of the fatty alcohol sulfate is 8-18; the fatty alcohol ether succinate is one or more of fatty alcohol ether-5-succinate disodium salt, fatty alcohol ether-15-succinic acid monoester disodium salt, and fatty alcohol ether-2-succinate disodium salt; and the fatty alcohol ether sulfate is one or more of octyl decyl polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate and lauryl alcohol ether sodium sulfate.

[0022] Optionally, the water-soluble flame retardant is one or more of water-soluble ammonium monohydrogen phosphate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, ammonium phosphate, urea, and modified melamine phosphate;

[0023] The cosolvent is one or more of butyl ether, propylene glycol methyl ether, diethanol butyl ether, ethylene glycol, glycerol, decanol, capric acid, caprylic acid, and octanol;

[0024] The preservative is one or more of chitosan, ethylhexylglycerin, and sodium benzoate;

[0025] The antibacterial agent is one or more of methylisothiazolinone, chloromethylisothiazolinone and benzisothiazolinone;

[0026] The thickener is one or more of polyacrylamide, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, polyethylene glycol, xanthan gum, guar gum, and gelatin.

[0027] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing the multifunctional fluorine-free foam fire extinguishing agent described in the first aspect, comprising the following steps:

[0028] The water-soluble flame retardant, thickener and water are uniformly mixed, and heated to react at 40-60° C. in a stirring environment for 2-4 hours; while maintaining the reaction temperature, a polyether-modified gemini silicone surfactant, a nonionic surfactant, a zwitterionic surfactant, an anionic surfactant, a cosolvent, a preservative and an antibacterial agent are continuously added thereto, and the mixture is stirred and reacted at 40-60° C. for 2-4 hours to obtain the multifunctional fluorine-free foam fire extinguishing agent.

[0029] The compound surfactant used in the multifunctional fluorine-free foam fire extinguishing agent provided in the embodiment of the present application is composed of a polyether-modified gemini silicone surfactant, a nonionic surfactant, a zwitterionic surfactant and an anionic surfactant.

[0030] The present application adds a polyether-modified gemini silicone surfactant to a compound surfactant. Through the synergistic effect of the polyether-modified gemini silicone surfactant and other surfactants, a low surface tension and a high foaming effect can be achieved under the condition of a very small amount of polyether-modified gemini silicone surfactant added. For example, the surface tension of existing polyether-modified silicone surfactants can reach 20.7mN / m at a concentration of 6000ppm, but the foaming ratio at this time is only 5.0 times (low ratio); while the polyether-modified gemini silicone surfactant provided in the present application can reach a surface tension of 18.3mN / m at a concentration of 120ppm, and the foaming ratio at this concentration can also reach 7.7 times (low ratio).

[0031] In addition, the foam fire extinguishing agent provided in this application does not contain fluorine and can be used to extinguish various types of fire sources. Therefore, the foam fire extinguishing agent also has the advantages of a wide range of applications and is green and environmentally friendly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0033] The following examples are provided for a better understanding of the present invention and are not intended to limit the best mode of implementation. They do not limit the content and scope of protection of the present invention. Any product identical or similar to the present invention obtained by anyone under the guidance of the present invention or by combining the features of the present invention with other prior arts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] If no specific experimental steps or conditions are specified in the examples, the conventional experimental steps or conditions described in the prior art can be used. The reagents and other instruments used, if the manufacturers are not specified, are all commercially available conventional reagents.

[0035] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a multifunctional fluorine-free foam fire extinguishing agent. This multifunctional fluorine-free foam fire extinguishing agent comprises a compound surfactant, a water-soluble flame retardant, a cosolvent, a preservative, an antibacterial agent, a thickener, and water. Specifically, the compound surfactant comprises a polyether-modified gemini silicone surfactant, a nonionic surfactant, a zwitterionic surfactant, and an anionic surfactant.

[0036] The weight proportions of the components in the multifunctional fluorine-free foam fire extinguishing agent (based on the total amount of the multifunctional fluorine-free foam fire extinguishing agent) are as follows: 10-25 parts of a compound surfactant, 10-30 parts of a water-soluble flame retardant, 5-30 parts of a cosolvent, 0.01-1.0 parts of a preservative, 0.05-5.0 parts of a bacteriostat, 0.01-1.0 parts of a thickener, and the balance of water;

[0037] The weight proportions of each component in the compound surfactant (based on the total amount of the multifunctional fluorine-free foam fire extinguishing agent) are: 0.1-5 parts of polyether modified gemini silicone surfactant, 10-15 parts of nonionic surfactant, 0.5-3 parts of zwitterionic surfactant, and 1-5 parts of anionic surfactant.

[0038] The multifunctional fluorine-free foam fire extinguishing agent provided by the embodiment of the present invention achieves the effects of cooling, isolation, flame retardancy and dilution through the synergistic effect between the compounded raw materials. Specifically: on the one hand, the compounded surfactant composition can generate a foam covering layer, which effectively inhibits the evaporation of the fuel, isolates oxygen, and prevents the transfer of heat. At the same time, the aqueous solution precipitated by the foam has a cooling effect, absorbs heat and evaporates, and can reduce the oxygen concentration; on the other hand, the compounded surfactant and the co-solvent have a low interfacial tension, which can block free radicals and, to a certain extent, play a role in diluting the smoke concentration, reducing the flame temperature and improving the fire extinguishing efficiency; in addition, the addition of the water-soluble flame retardant further reduces the heat transfer phenomenon of the combustible flame, thereby affecting the combustion process of the substance and ultimately extinguishing it, thereby enhancing the anti-burning performance.

[0039] In specific implementation, the structural formula of the polyether-modified gemini silicone surfactant is:

[0040]

[0041] Wherein, n=10-20, and R1-R14 can be any one of methyl, ethyl or phenyl.

[0042] The polyether-modified gemini silicone surfactant uses a polyether-modified gemini silicone surfactant to replace a fluorocarbon surfactant, thereby avoiding the residual and enrichment of fluorine element in the environment and the harm to the environment.

[0043] Furthermore, compared to other types of polyether-modified silicone surfactants, this polyether-modified gemini silicone surfactant has gemini silicones located at either end, with a branch-free linear polyether structure in the middle. This structure allows the foam fire extinguisher to have low surface tension and excellent foaming properties even at low addition levels.

[0044] In specific implementation, the nonionic surfactant can be a mixture of one or more of fatty amine polyoxyethylene ether, alkyl glycoside, and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether; the zwitterionic surfactant can be a betaine surfactant and / or an imidazoline surfactant; and the anionic surfactant can be one or more of fatty alcohol sulfate, fatty alcohol ether sulfate, or fatty alcohol ether succinate.

[0045] Among them, the fatty amine polyoxyethylene ether can specifically be coconut amine polyoxyethylene ether (AC-5) and / or oleic acid amine polyoxyethylene ether (NE-10);

[0046] The alkyl glycoside may specifically be one or two of alkyl glycoside 0810, alkyl glycoside 08, and alkyl glycoside 0814;

[0047] The fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether may specifically be a surfactant having an EO chain length of any value between 2 and 15, for example, one or more of AEO-2, AEO-3, AEO-7, AEO-9, AEO-10, and AEO-15;

[0048] The betaine surfactant may specifically be one or more of cocamidopropyl betaine (CAB-35), laurylamidopropyl betaine, decylamidopropyl betaine, dodecyldimethyl betaine (BS-12), and dodecylhydroxysulfobetaine (DSB);

[0049] The imidazoline surfactant may be one or more of lauryl imidazoline betaine, coconut imidazoline betaine, and tetradecyl imidazoline betaine;

[0050] The carbon chain length of the fatty alcohol sulfate can be 7 to 15, and specifically can be one or more of sodium octyl sulfate, sodium octyldecyl sulfate, sodium decyl sulfate, and sodium lauryl sulfate (K12). The fatty alcohol ether sulfate can be one or more of sodium octyldecyl polyoxyethylene ether sulfate and sodium lauryl ether sulfate. The fatty alcohol ether succinate can be one or more of disodium fatty alcohol ether-5-succinate monoester, disodium fatty alcohol ether-15-succinic acid monoester, and disodium fatty alcohol ether-2-succinate monoester.

[0051] In specific implementation, the water-soluble flame retardant can be one or more of water-soluble ammonium monohydrogen phosphate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, ammonium phosphate, urea, and modified melamine phosphate (MP-50, homemade in the company's laboratory); the cosolvent can be one or more of butyl ether, propylene glycol methyl ether, diethanol butyl ether, ethylene glycol, glycerol, decanol, decanic acid, caprylic acid, and octanol; the preservative can be one or more of chitosan, ethylhexylglycerin, and sodium benzoate; the antibacterial agent can be one or more of methylisothiazolinone, chloromethylisothiazolinone, and benzisothiazolinone; the thickener can be one or more of polyacrylamide, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, polyethylene glycol, xanthan gum, guar gum, and gelatin.

[0052] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preparing the multifunctional fluorine-free foam fire extinguishing agent described in the first aspect, comprising the following steps:

[0053] Mix the water-soluble flame retardant, thickener and water evenly, and heat to react at 40-60°C for 2-4 hours in a stirring environment;

[0054] Then, the reaction temperature is maintained, and polyether-modified gemini silicone surfactant, nonionic surfactant, zwitterionic surfactant, anionic surfactant, cosolvent, preservative and antibacterial agent are continuously added thereto, and the reaction is stirred for 2 to 4 hours to obtain the multifunctional fluorine-free foam fire extinguishing agent.

[0055] The method provided in this embodiment is simple and the reaction conditions are relatively mild. Therefore, the multifunctional fluorine-free foam fire extinguishing agent provided in this embodiment has the advantages of simple preparation method and easy large-scale production.

[0056] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the multifunctional fluorine-free foam fire extinguishing agent and its preparation method provided by the present invention are described below through multiple specific embodiments.

[0057] In the following examples, the polyether-modified gemini silicone surfactant has n=15, and R1 to R14 are all methyl groups.

[0058] Example 1

[0059] 5 kg of weighed ammonium phosphate, 5 kg of modified melamine phosphate, 10 kg of urea and 0.3 kg of xanthan gum were added to 42 kg of water (grade 3 water), stirred and mixed evenly, and the resulting mixture was stirred and reacted at 40 ° C for 2 h, the reaction temperature was maintained and the stirring speed was appropriately increased, and 10 kg of fatty amine polyoxyethylene ether (AC-5), 2 kg of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (AEO-3), 3 kg of alkyl polyglycoside (APG), 4 kg of fatty alcohol sulfate (k12), 1 kg of cocamidopropyl betaine (CAB), 2 kg of polyether-modified gemini silicone surfactant (D-Si), 10 kg of propylene glycol methyl ether, 5 kg of propylene glycol, 0.4 kg of sodium benzoate, 0.2 kg of octanoic acid and 0.1 kg of methylisothiazolinone were added, and the reaction was continued at 40 ° C for 1 h to obtain a multifunctional fluorine-free foam fire extinguishing agent.

[0060] Example 2

[0061] This embodiment is similar to the embodiment 1, except that the raw materials and their amounts are as follows: 7 kg of fatty amine polyoxyethylene ether (AC-5) and 2 kg of alkyl polyglycoside (APG-8), and the other raw materials and their amounts remain unchanged.

[0062] Example 3

[0063] This embodiment is similar to Example 1, except that the raw materials and their amounts are as follows: 5 kg of fatty amine polyoxyethylene ether (AC-5), 7 kg of alkyl polyglycoside (APG-8), and 2 kg of cocamidopropyl betaine (CAB). Other raw materials and their amounts remain unchanged.

[0064] Example 4

[0065] This embodiment is similar to Example 1, except that the raw materials and their amounts are as follows: 5 kg of fatty amine polyoxyethylene ether (AC-5), 1 kg of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (AEO-3), 7 kg of alkyl polyglycoside (APG-8), 2 kg of cocamidopropyl betaine (CAB), and 5 kg of fatty alcohol sulfate (k12). Other raw materials and their amounts remain unchanged.

[0066] Example 5

[0067] This embodiment is similar to Example 1, except that the raw materials and their amounts are as follows: 5 kg of fatty amine polyoxyethylene ether (AC-5), 1 kg of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (AEO-3), 7 kg of alkyl polyglycoside (APG-8), and 4 kg of polyether-modified gemini silicone surfactant (D-Si). Other raw materials and amounts remain unchanged.

[0068] Example 6

[0069] This embodiment is similar to Example 1, except that the raw materials and their amounts are as follows: 5 kg of fatty amine polyoxyethylene ether (AC-5), 1 kg of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (AEO-3), 7 kg of alkyl polyglycoside (APG-8), and 1 kg of polyether-modified gemini silicone surfactant (D-Si). Other raw materials and amounts remain unchanged.

[0070] Example 7

[0071] This embodiment is similar to Example 1, except that the raw materials and their amounts are as follows: 5 kg of fatty amine polyoxyethylene ether (AC-5), 1 kg of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (AEO-3), 7 kg of alkyl polyglycoside (APG-8), 0.2 kg of polyether-modified gemini silicone surfactant (D-Si), and 42.8 kg of water. Other raw materials and their amounts remain unchanged.

[0072] The stability test results of the foaming agents obtained in Examples 1 to 6 are shown in Table 1.

[0073] The prepared foam fire extinguishing agent can be prepared into 6% and 3% foam fire extinguishing agents when used. The following performance test results are test data at a concentration of 6%.

[0074] Table 1. Physical and chemical properties of the foam fire extinguishing agents prepared in Examples 1 to 6

[0075]

[0076] As shown in Table 1, the test data from Examples 1, 5, and 7 demonstrate that while increasing the amount of polyether-modified gemini silicone surfactant added does help reduce surface tension (from 18.3 mN / m to 17.2 mN / m), the corresponding foaming ratio decreases from 8.1 to 7.7. In other words, the addition of polyether-modified gemini silicone surfactant is neither too high nor too low; 2% is optimal.

[0077] It is noteworthy that in Example 7, the addition level of the polyether-modified gemini silicone surfactant was 0.2%, resulting in a surface tension of 18.3 mN / m, a foaming expansion ratio of 7.7, and a positive spreading coefficient. This demonstrates that even with a relatively low addition level of the polyether-modified gemini silicone surfactant, optimal surface tension and foaming expansion ratio can be achieved. Therefore, for economic reasons, the polyether-modified gemini silicone surfactant addition level can be set at 0.2%.

[0078] The test data from Examples 1 to 4 further demonstrate that when the polyether-modified gemini silicone surfactant accounts for a certain percentage (2%) of the total surfactant content, variations in the proportions of other surfactants within a certain range have little effect on the physical and chemical properties of the foam fire extinguishing agent. The highest surface tension is only 18.2 mN / m, and the corresponding minimum foaming ratio can reach 7.8. In other words, the polyether-modified gemini silicone surfactant provided by the present invention plays a decisive role in achieving both low surface tension and high foaming ratio in foam fire extinguishing agents at low addition concentrations.

[0079] In general, the foam fire extinguishing agent prepared in the embodiment of the present invention can achieve the effects of higher foaming multiples and lower surface tension with a low concentration of compound surfactant.

[0080] Comparative Example 1

[0081] This comparative example is similar to Example 4, except that the raw materials and their amounts are used. Specifically, the polyether-modified gemini silicone surfactant is replaced with a polyether-modified silicone surfactant (a-Si, KHD0221, a product of our company), and the other raw materials and amounts remain unchanged.

[0082] Comparative Example 2

[0083] This comparative example is similar to Example 5, except for the raw materials and their amounts. Specifically, the polyether-modified gemini silicone surfactant is replaced with a polyether-modified silicone surfactant (a-Si), and the other raw materials and amounts remain unchanged.

[0084] Comparative Example 3

[0085] This comparative example is similar to Example 6, except for the raw materials and their amounts. Specifically, the polyether-modified gemini silicone surfactant is replaced with a polyether-modified silicone surfactant (a-Si), and the other raw materials and amounts remain unchanged.

[0086] Comparative Example 4

[0087] This comparative example is similar to Example 1, except for the raw materials and their dosage. Specifically, the polyether-modified gemini silicone surfactant is replaced with a polyether-modified silicone surfactant (a-Si) in an amount of 6 kg, and the other raw materials and dosage remain unchanged.

[0088] The physical and chemical properties of the foam fire extinguishing agents prepared in Comparative Examples 1 to 4 are shown in Table 2.

[0089] Table 2. Physical and chemical properties of foam fire extinguishing agents prepared in Comparative Examples 1 to 4

[0090]

[0091] Note: Spreading coefficient S = r (正庚烷表面张力) -r (溶液表面张力) -r (溶液 / 正庚烷界面张力) , the surface tension of n-heptane (20℃) = 20.33 mN / m. According to the requirements of GB / T15308 standard, the spreading coefficient is positive and greater than 0.

[0092] Combined with the data shown in Table 2, it can be seen from the data of Examples 4-7 and Comparative Examples 1-3 that, among Comparative Examples 1-3, Comparative Example 3, which exhibits relatively superior physical and chemical properties, exhibits a foaming ratio of 6.0, a surface tension of 21.6 mN / m, an interfacial tension of 2.8 mN / m, and a negative spreading coefficient. In contrast, among Examples 4-7, Example 4, which exhibits relatively weaker physical and chemical properties, exhibits a foaming ratio of 7.8, a surface tension of 18.2 mN / m, and an interfacial tension of 1.8 mN / m, meeting the criteria for a positive spreading coefficient. In other words, under the same conditions, the physical and chemical properties of the foam fire extinguishing agent formulated with a polyether-modified organosilicon surfactant (a-Si) are inferior to those of the foam fire extinguishing agent formulated with a polyether-modified gemini organosilicon surfactant.

[0093] Furthermore, the data from Comparative Example 4 shows that increasing the amount of polyether-modified silicone surfactant (a-Si) reduces the surface tension to 20.7 mN / m, but its spreading coefficient remains negative. Furthermore, the experimental data also show that when the surface tension reaches 20.7 mN / m, the foaming factor is relatively low, at only 5.0. In other words, existing polyether-modified silicone surfactants (a-Si) cannot simultaneously achieve the effects of low concentration, low surface tension, and high foaming factor.

[0094] From the test data of Example 7 and Comparative Example 4, it can be seen that the existing polyether-modified silicone surfactant has a surface tension of 20.7 mN / m at a concentration of 6000 ppm, but the foaming ratio at this time is only 5.0 times (low ratio) and the spreading coefficient is negative; while the polyether-modified gemini silicone surfactant provided in the present application has a surface tension of 18.3 mN / m (lower than the aforementioned 20.7 mN / m) at a concentration of 120 ppm, and the foaming ratio at this concentration can also reach 7.7 times (low ratio) and the spreading coefficient is positive. It can be seen from this that the synergistic effect of the polyether-modified gemini silicone surfactant provided in the present application and other surfactants can achieve lower surface tension and higher foaming effect under the condition of extremely small addition of the polyether-modified gemini silicone surfactant.

[0095] The structure of the polyether-modified silicone surfactant (a-Si) in the above comparative example is:

[0096] In this structural formula, R1 to R7 are all methyl groups.

[0097] Comparative Example 5

[0098] This comparative example is similar to Example 1, except that the raw materials and their amounts are as follows: 16 kg of fatty alcohol sulfate (k12), 6 kg of cocamidopropyl betaine (CAB), no fatty amine polyoxyethylene ether (AC-5), fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (AEO-3), or alkyl polyglycoside (APG), and the other raw materials and their amounts remain unchanged.

[0099] Comparative Example 6

[0100] This comparative example is similar to Example 1, except that the raw materials and their amounts are used, specifically, 5 kg of fatty alcohol sulfate (k12) is used, and cocamidopropyl betaine (CAB) is not included. Other raw materials and their amounts remain unchanged.

[0101] Comparative Example 7

[0102] This comparative example is similar to Example 1, except that the raw materials and their amounts are as follows: 5 kg of cocamidopropyl betaine (CAB), no fatty alcohol sulfate (k12), and other raw materials and amounts remain unchanged.

[0103] Comparative Example 8

[0104] This comparative example is similar to Example 1, except that the raw materials and their amounts are as follows: 3 kg of cocamidopropyl betaine (CAB), no polyether-modified gemini silicone surfactant is contained, and other raw materials and amounts remain unchanged.

[0105] The physical and chemical properties of the foam fire extinguishing agents prepared in Comparative Examples 5 to 8 are shown in Table 3.

[0106] Table 3. Physical and chemical properties of the foam fire extinguishing agents prepared in Comparative Examples 5 to 8

[0107]

[0108]

[0109] The test data from Example 1 and Comparative Examples 5-8 indicate that, under identical conditions, the physical and chemical properties of the resulting foam fire extinguishing agents are weakened when any one of the surfactants in the blend is removed. Of particular note, Example 1 and Comparative Example 8 indicate that the physical and chemical properties of the resulting foam fire extinguishing agents are significantly weakened when the polyether-modified gemini silicone surfactant is removed alone. Specifically, the surface tension increases from 17.8 mN / m to 24.5 mN / m, while the foaming factor decreases from 8.1 to 6.8.

[0110] Application performance evaluation

[0111] The application performance of the foam fire extinguishing agents prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 was evaluated. Specific data are shown in Table 4 below.

[0112] Table 4. Application performance test data of the foam fire extinguishing agents prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1

[0113]

[0114]

[0115] The “---” in Table 4 indicates that the data of medium and high expansion ratios were not measured because the expansion ratio at low expansion ratio was already poor.

[0116] As can be seen from Table 4 above, the foam fire extinguishing agent prepared in this embodiment can be used to extinguish a variety of different types of fires, with a short fire extinguishing time and a long anti-burning time. Therefore, the foam fire extinguishing agent prepared in this embodiment is a multifunctional foam fire extinguishing agent with broad application prospects.

[0117] However, it's worth noting that replacing the polyether-modified gemini silicone surfactant in the foam fire extinguishing agent with a polyether-modified silicone surfactant (a-Si) not only reduces physical and chemical properties like foaming ratio and liquid separation time, but also reduces fire extinguishing performance. Therefore, in the foam fire extinguishing agent provided in this embodiment, the polyether-modified gemini silicone surfactant cannot be replaced with a polyether-modified silicone surfactant (a-Si).

[0118] The foam fire extinguishing agents prepared in the above examples and comparative examples were tested using the following specific procedures:

[0119] The foam concentrate prepared by the present invention needs to be diluted to a concentration of 6% or 3% when performing performance testing. The physical and chemical performance data and application data in the above table are laboratory data and application data at 6%, respectively, and are evaluated according to the standard GB / T15308-2006.

[0120] The above is a detailed introduction to a multifunctional fluorine-free foam fire extinguishing agent and a preparation method thereof provided by the present invention. Specific examples are used herein to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only intended to help understand the method and core idea of ​​the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of ​​the present invention, there may be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scopes. In summary, the contents of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional fluorine-free foam fire extinguishing agent, characterized by: The invention is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 10-25 parts of a compound surfactant, 10-30 parts of a water-soluble flame retardant, 5-30 parts of a cosolvent, 0.01-1.0 parts of a preservative, 0.05-5.0 parts of a bacteriostat, 0.01-1.0 parts of a thickener and the balance of water; The weight proportions of the components in the compound surfactant are: 0.1-5 parts of polyether-modified gemini silicone surfactant, 10-15 parts of nonionic surfactant, 0.5-3 parts of zwitterionic surfactant, and 1-5 parts of anionic surfactant. The structural formula of the polyether-modified gemini silicone surfactant is: wherein n=10-20, and R1-R14 are any one of methyl, ethyl or phenyl.

2. The multifunctional fluorine-free foam fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nonionic surfactant is a mixture of one or more of fatty amine polyoxyethylene ether, alkyl glycoside and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether.

3. The multifunctional fluorine-free foam fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The zwitterionic surfactant is a betaine surfactant and / or an imidazoline surfactant.

4. The multifunctional fluorine-free foam fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anionic surfactant is one or more of fatty alcohol sulfate, fatty alcohol ether sulfate or fatty alcohol ether succinate.

5. The multifunctional fluorine-free foam fire extinguishing agent according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fatty amine polyoxyethylene ether is coconut amine polyoxyethylene ether and / or oleic acid amine polyoxyethylene ether; the alkyl glucoside is one or two of alkyl glucoside 0810, alkyl glucoside 08, and alkyl glucoside 0814; and the fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether is a fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether with an EO chain length of any value between 2 and 15.

6. The multifunctional fluorine-free foam fire extinguishing agent according to claim 3, characterized in that: The betaine surfactant is one or more of cocamidopropyl betaine, laurylamidopropyl betaine, decylamidopropyl betaine, dodecyldimethyl betaine, and dodecylhydroxysulfonyl betaine; the imidazoline surfactant is one or more of lauryl imidazoline betaine, coconut imidazoline betaine, and tetradecyl imidazoline betaine.

7. The multifunctional fluorine-free foam fire extinguishing agent according to claim 4, characterized in that: The carbon chain length of the fatty alcohol sulfate is 8-18; the fatty alcohol ether succinate is one or more of fatty alcohol ether-5-succinic monoester disodium salt, fatty alcohol ether-15-succinic acid monoester disodium salt, and fatty alcohol ether-2-succinic monoester disodium salt; the fatty alcohol ether sulfate is one or more of octyl decyl polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate and lauryl alcohol ether sodium sulfate.

8. A method for preparing the multifunctional fluorine-free foam fire extinguishing agent according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing a water-soluble flame retardant, a thickener and water, and heating the mixture at 40 to 60° C. for reaction for 2 to 4 hours in a stirring environment; maintaining the reaction temperature, continuously adding a polyether-modified gemini silicone surfactant, a nonionic surfactant, a zwitterionic surfactant, an anionic surfactant, a cosolvent, a preservative and an antibacterial agent, and stirring the mixture for reaction for 2 to 4 hours to obtain the multifunctional fluorine-free foam fire extinguishing agent.

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