Abrasion-resistant mining flight and method of making

Abstract

The application discloses an anti-wear mining scraper and an anti-wear method. The anti-wear mining scraper comprises a middle groove, a scraper and a non-Newton fluid layer. The scraper extends into the middle groove and moves along the middle groove to drive the coal block to move. The non-Newton fluid layer is located in the middle groove. The bottom end of the scraper is in contact with the non-Newton fluid layer. The non-Newton fluid layer is a dilatant non-Newton fluid layer. The viscosity of the non-Newton fluid layer changes with the change of the moving speed of the scraper. The shear thickening ability of the dilatant non-Newton fluid layer separates the scraper and the groove bottom surface of the middle groove, significantly reduces the wear of the scraper, greatly reduces the overall weight of the scraper, provides a low-cost recyclable anti-wear medium for coal transportation, greatly prolongs the service life of the scraper conveyor and reduces the production cost.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of coal mines, in particular to an anti-wear mining scraper and an anti-wear method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The working face transportation equipment installed at the most front end of the underground coal mine working face cooperates with other equipment to complete the tasks of coal mining, conveying and transloading. As the mainstream of conveyors, the scraper conveyors characterized by the integral cast-weld structure of the middle trough are widely used in ordinary mechanized coal mining working faces, high-grade mechanized coal mining working faces and fully mechanized coal mining working faces. The performance and reliability of the scraper transportation equipment directly affect the safety production and coal production of the working face.

[0003] The scraper is an important part of the mining scraper conveyor and the transloader. The scraper is generally a metal casting, which is matched with the rotating chain to realize the conveying of coal. With the continuous increase of the mining height and the mining length of the working face, the transportation weight and the transmission distance of the equipment are continuously increased, the pressure on the upper trough surface of the middle trough of the scraper conveyor is continuously increased, the wear between the scraper and the upper trough surface is increased, which seriously affects the service life of the scraper conveyor and increases the maintenance burden. In addition, the increase of the coal transportation quantity caused by the continuous increase of the mining height and the mining length of the working face will lead to the increase of the pressure on the circular ring chain of the series scraper and the increase of the risk of chain breakage. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application is made based on the discovery and understanding of the inventors on the following facts and problems:

[0005] Weakening the wear between the scraper and the middle conveying trough not only can enhance the service life of the scraper and the conveying trough, but also can thin the wear-resistant layer of the scraper added in the traditional process to resist wear, thereby reducing the overall weight of the scraper transportation chain, reducing the risk of chain breakage, reducing the no-load power of the scraper transportation equipment, and playing an important role in improving the overall efficiency of the scraper conveyor.

[0006] To reduce the wear between the scraper and the trough surface, the schemes in the related art mainly reduce the wear and the weight of the scraper by designing a composite structure scraper, designing a scraper made of non-metallic material, and designing a scraper with an anti-wear attached material. The above schemes all optimize the scraper itself to resist wear and reduce weight, achieve lightweight and prolong the service life, and do not consider the contact surface between the scraper and the trough bottom surface, so the effect is limited. In the long-term use of the scraper conveyor, the wear between the scraper and the trough bottom surface of the middle trough still occurs, and the equipment needs long-term maintenance.

[0007] The present application aims to at least partially solve one of the problems in the related art. To this end, embodiments of the present application propose an anti-wear mining scraper, which optimizes the interface between the scraper and the bottom surface of the middle trough, and fills the middle trough with non-Newtonian fluid to eliminate friction between the scraper and the bottom surface of the middle trough.

[0008] Embodiments of the present application also propose an anti-wear method for a mining scraper.

[0009] The anti-wear mining scraper according to embodiments of the present application comprises: a middle trough, which is open upward; a scraper, which extends into the middle trough from above, moves along the middle trough to move coal blocks, and has a gap between the bottom end of the scraper and the bottom surface of the middle trough; and a non-Newtonian fluid layer, which is located in the middle trough, is in contact with the bottom end of the scraper, is a dilatant non-Newtonian fluid layer, and has a viscosity that changes with the movement rate of the scraper.

[0010] In the anti-wear mining scraper according to embodiments of the present application, the dilatant non-Newtonian fluid layer separates the scraper and the bottom surface of the middle trough by shear thickening, not only supports the scraper with fluid, but also has minimal friction between the fluid surface and the scraper, thereby significantly reducing the wear of the scraper. Since the scraper no longer generates friction, the scraper does not need to be coated with an anti-wear layer material during design, and only needs to use a material with a large bending load and a lower specific gravity to ensure the quality of the scraper during manufacturing, thereby greatly reducing the overall weight of the scraper, the idle power of the scraper transportation equipment, and the adaptability of the scraper drive unit, thereby greatly reducing the risk of chain breakage.

[0011] Compared with the traditional drag reduction and weight reduction scheme of the scraper conveyor, the mining scraper according to embodiments of the present application directly starts from the frictional contact surface, completely breaks out of the traditional drag reduction and weight reduction scheme, uses the dilatant non-Newtonian fluid to bear the near-solid surface formed by high shear stress or shear rate to support the scraper, and uses liquid lubrication to reduce the resistance of the scraper, thereby providing a low-cost recyclable anti-wear medium for coal transportation, greatly extending the service life of the scraper conveyor, and reducing production costs.

[0012] In some embodiments, the anti-wear mining scraper further comprises a fluid container, which is arranged in the middle trough and used to accommodate the non-Newtonian fluid layer, and the upper end of the fluid container is open.

[0013] In some embodiments, the container wall of the fluid container is elastic.

[0014] In some embodiments, the non-Newtonian fluid layer comprises one or more of paint, mud, starch, and polymer gel.

[0015] In some embodiments, the blade is a polymer blade.

[0016] In some embodiments, the thickness of the non-Newtonian fluid layer is greater than or equal to 10 mm.

[0017] In some embodiments, the thickness of the non-Newtonian fluid layer is less than or equal to 50 mm.

[0018] In some embodiments, the anti-wear mining blade machine further comprises a filter screen arranged at one end of the middle groove for filtering the non-Newtonian fluid in the non-Newtonian fluid layer after a certain period of use.

[0019] Another aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides an anti-wear method of a mining blade machine, the mining blade machine being any one of the mining blade machines described in any one of the above embodiments, the anti-wear method comprising:

[0020] the blade is not in operation, and the non-Newtonian fluid layer exists in a liquid form;

[0021] when the blade is in operation at a certain speed, the surface viscosity of the non-Newtonian fluid layer increases and the non-Newtonian fluid layer exists in a form close to a solid to reduce the frictional resistance of the blade.

[0022] In the anti-wear method of the mining blade machine of the embodiments of the present application, when the blade is in operation at a certain speed, the blade, the chain driving the blade, and the coal transported due to gravity and speed form a large area of shear stress on the upper surface of the non-Newtonian fluid layer and bring high shear rate, so that the surface viscosity of the fluid layer rapidly increases and the non-Newtonian fluid layer exists in a form close to a solid to support the blade and greatly reduce the frictional resistance of the blade, thereby achieving the anti-wear of the mining blade machine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 is a sectional view of the anti-wear mining blade machine of the embodiments of the present application.

[0024] REFERENCE NUMERALS:

[0025] middle groove 1, blade 2, non-Newtonian fluid layer 3, fluid container 4, DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present application, and cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0027] REFERENCE Figure 1The application discloses an anti-wear mining scraper and an anti-wear method of the mining scraper. The anti-wear mining scraper comprises a middle groove 1, a scraper 2 and a non-Newtonian fluid layer 3. The middle groove 1 is open upward, the scraper 2 extends into the middle groove 1 from the top, the scraper 2 moves along the middle groove 1 to drive the coal to move, and a gap is formed between the bottom end of the scraper 2 and the groove bottom surface of the middle groove 1. The non-Newtonian fluid layer 3 is formed by a non-Newtonian fluid, the bottom end of the scraper 2 is in contact with the non-Newtonian fluid layer 3, the non-Newtonian fluid layer 3 is a dilatant non-Newtonian fluid layer, and the viscosity of the non-Newtonian fluid layer 3 changes with the movement rate of the scraper 2. In other words, the non-Newtonian fluid layer 3 is formed by a dilatant non-Newtonian fluid.

[0028] The non-Newtonian fluid refers to a fluid that does not satisfy the Newtonian viscosity experimental law, that is, a fluid whose shear stress and shear strain rate are not in a linear relationship. The non-Newtonian fluid is generally divided into three types, namely, a dilatant non-Newtonian fluid, a pseudoplastic non-Newtonian fluid and a plastic non-Newtonian fluid. The flow state equation of the non-Newtonian fluid is as follows:

[0029]

[0030] If 1 < η < ∞, the dilatant non-Newtonian fluid is referred to, and the relationship curve between the shear stress and the shear rate of the dilatant non-Newtonian fluid passes through the origin and is curved upward away from the ε axis. With the increase of the shear stress or the shear rate, the apparent viscosity η gradually increases. This phenomenon can be explained by the dilatant phenomenon, that is, if the water is stirred, the water cannot fill the gap between the particles, and thus the viscous resistance is suddenly increased, and even the flow is lost.

[0031] According to the characteristics of the dilatant non-Newtonian fluid, the movement rate of the scraper 2 is small or zero, the viscosity of the non-Newtonian fluid layer 3 is small, the non-Newtonian fluid layer 3 has a liquid flow, the movement rate of the scraper 2 is increased, the viscosity of the non-Newtonian fluid layer 3 is increased, and even the flow is lost. The change of the viscosity makes the dilatant non-Newtonian fluid in the non-Newtonian fluid layer 3 exhibit the conversion between the liquid state and the solid-like state.

[0032] Since the wear between the scraper 2 and the groove bottom surface of the middle groove 1 is essentially caused by the long-term sliding friction between the scraper 2 and the groove bottom surface of the middle groove 1, the physical surfaces of the scraper 2 and the groove bottom surface of the middle groove 1 are separated on the premise that the coal transportation is not affected, so that the purpose of reducing the friction is achieved, and the weight of the scraper 2 is indirectly reduced.

[0033] The anti-wear mining scraper provided by the embodiment of the present application has the shear thickening ability of the dilatant non-Newtonian fluid layer to separate the scraper and the bottom surface of the middle trough, so that the fluid supports the scraper, and the friction between the fluid surface and the scraper is extremely small, thereby significantly reducing the wear of the scraper. Since the scraper almost does not generate friction, the scraper does not need to be coated with an anti-wear layer material when designed, and only needs to use a material with a large bending load and a lower specific gravity to ensure the quality of the scraper when manufactured, thereby greatly reducing the overall weight of the scraper, reducing the no-load power of the scraper transportation equipment, improving the adaptability of the scraper driving unit, and thereby greatly reducing the risk of chain breakage.

[0034] Compared with the traditional drag reduction and weight reduction scheme of the scraper conveyor, the mining scraper of the embodiment of the present application directly starts from the frictional contact surface, completely breaks out of the traditional drag reduction and weight reduction idea, uses the dilatant non-Newtonian fluid to bear the near-solid surface formed by high shear stress or shear rate to support the scraper, and uses liquid lubrication to reduce the resistance of the scraper, thereby providing a low-cost recyclable anti-wear medium for coal transportation, greatly prolonging the service life of the scraper conveyor, and reducing the production cost.

[0035] The present application also provides an anti-wear method for a mining scraper. The mining scraper is the mining scraper in the embodiment of the present application. The anti-wear method is to inject non-Newtonian fluid into the middle trough 1, and the scraper 2 is hung on the driving wheel through the chain, and the bottom end of the scraper 2 is in contact with the upper surface of the non-Newtonian fluid layer 3, thereby eliminating the friction between the scraper 2 and the bottom surface of the middle trough 1. The anti-wear method comprises:

[0036] When the scraper 2 is not running, the non-Newtonian fluid in the non-Newtonian fluid layer 3 exists in the form of liquid;

[0037] When the scraper 2 runs at a certain speed, the surface viscosity of the non-Newtonian fluid layer 3 increases and becomes close to the form of solid, so as to reduce the frictional resistance of the scraper 2.

[0038] In the anti-wear method for the mining scraper of the embodiment of the present application, when the scraper runs at a certain speed, the scraper, the chain for driving the scraper and the coal blocks for transportation will form a large area of shear stress on the upper surface of the non-Newtonian fluid layer due to gravity and speed, and bring high shear rate, so that the surface viscosity of the fluid layer rapidly increases and becomes close to the form of solid, thereby greatly reducing the frictional resistance of the scraper while supporting the scraper, and realizing the anti-wear of the mining scraper.

[0039] In some optional embodiments, the dilatant non-Newtonian fluid in the non-Newtonian fluid layer 3 includes one or more of paint, mud, starch and high molecular gel.

[0040] It should be noted that although the pseudoplastic fluid and plastic fluid can also play a lubricating and resistance-reducing function between the scraper 2 and the bottom surface of the middle groove 1, these two fluids do not have the function of separating the contact surface of the scraper 2 and the upper groove surface, and will still cause wear in long-term use. The scraper 2 still needs to be coated with an anti-wear layer material, and the weight cannot be significantly reduced. In addition, the separation of the pseudoplastic fluid and the plastic fluid is difficult, and after contacting the coal, it will adhere to the surface and is difficult to separate. Due to the coalescence effect of the dilatant fluid, it is easy to realize solid-liquid separation, so it will not affect the subsequent treatment of coal.

[0041] In some embodiments, the mine scraper further comprises a fluid container 4 arranged in the middle groove 1 for accommodating the non-Newtonian fluid layer 3, and the upper end of the fluid container 4 is open. The fluid container 4 is arranged in the middle groove 1 to accommodate the non-Newtonian fluid layer 3, which avoids the non-Newtonian fluid injected directly into the middle groove 1 from seeping out of the mechanical structure gap of the mine scraper during the standing process, increasing the loss of fluid material, and also not easy to clean. The fluid container 4 can play a role in restraining and collecting the non-Newtonian fluid in the middle groove 1, so that the non-Newtonian fluid forms a stable non-Newtonian fluid layer 3.

[0042] Optionally, the container wall of the fluid container 4 is elastic. The elastic container wall of the fluid container 4 has variability, and the body of the fluid container 4 can be deformed when subjected to external force, reducing wear and prolonging its service life.

[0043] For example, the fluid container 4 is an elastic film, the elastic film is laid in the middle groove 1, and the elastic film is configured as a container with a certain volume. The non-Newtonian fluid is injected into the upper part of the elastic film to form the non-Newtonian fluid layer 3.

[0044] For another example, the fluid container 4 is an elastic shell, the elastic shell is placed in the middle groove 1, the upper end of the elastic shell is open, and the non-Newtonian fluid is injected into the elastic shell to form the non-Newtonian fluid layer 3.

[0045] Since the scraper 2 almost no longer produces friction, the scraper 2 no longer needs to be coated with an anti-wear layer material when designed, and only needs to use a high-molecular material with a large bending load and a lower specific gravity to ensure the quality of the scraper 2 when manufactured, greatly reducing the overall weight of the scraper 2, reducing the no-load power of the scraper transport equipment, and improving the adaptability of the scraper drive unit.

[0046] Therefore, optionally, the scraper 2 is a high-molecular scraper. In other words, the scraper 2 is made of a high-molecular material.

[0047] In some alternative embodiments, the thickness of the non-Newtonian fluid layer 3 is greater than or equal to 10 mm. If the thickness of the non-Newtonian fluid layer 3 is too thin (e.g. less than 10 mm), the gap between the blade 2 and the bottom surface of the intermediate groove 1 is too small, and the non-Newtonian fluid layer 3 is not strong enough to support the blade 2, and the drag reduction effect is not enough.

[0048] In some alternative embodiments, the thickness of the non-Newtonian fluid layer 3 is less than or equal to 50 mm. If the thickness of the non-Newtonian fluid layer 3 is too thick (e.g. greater than 50 mm), the gap between the blade 2 and the bottom surface of the intermediate groove 1 is too large, and more coal lumps are likely to slowly sink into the fluid due to gravity, affecting the transportation of the coal lumps by the blade 2.

[0049] In some embodiments, the anti-wear mining blade machine further comprises a filter screen (not shown in the figure) arranged at one end of the intermediate groove 1, for filtering the non-Newtonian fluid in the non-Newtonian fluid layer 3 after being used for a certain period of time, filtering out the coal residue that slowly sinks into the fluid due to gravity, and sending it to the conveying belt. The non-Newtonian fluid passing through the filter screen can be collected and injected into the intermediate groove 1 for repeated use.

[0050] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0051] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined with "first" and "second" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0052] In the present application, unless specifically defined otherwise, the terms "mounting", "connected", "connecting", "fixed", "fixedly connected", "connection", "fixedly connected", "connected", "fixed", and the like should be construed broadly, for example, can be fixed connection, can be detachable connection, or integral; can be mechanical connection, can be electrical connection or communication with each other; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise specifically defined. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0053] In the present application, unless specifically defined otherwise, the first feature is "on" or "under" the second feature. The first and second features can be in direct contact, or the first and second features can be in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature "above", "over" and "on" the second feature can be that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or only indicates that the first feature is higher than the second feature in horizontal height. The first feature "below", "under" and "under" the second feature can be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or only indicates that the first feature is lower than the second feature in horizontal height.

[0054] In the present application, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present specification, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in the specification and the features of different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0055] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present application, and those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, replacements and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A wear-resistant mining scraper conveyor, characterized in that, include: A central groove, the central groove being open upwards; A scraper extends into the intermediate trough from above, moves along the intermediate trough to move the coal block, and has a gap between the bottom end of the scraper and the bottom surface of the intermediate trough. A non-Newtonian fluid layer is located in the intermediate groove. The bottom end of the scraper is in contact with the non-Newtonian fluid layer. The non-Newtonian fluid layer is a dilatant non-Newtonian fluid layer. The viscosity of the non-Newtonian fluid layer increases with the increase of the scraper's movement speed.

2. The wear-resistant mining scraper conveyor according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a fluid container disposed within the intermediate tank for containing a non-Newtonian fluid layer, the upper end of the fluid container being open.

3. The wear-resistant mining scraper conveyor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The walls of the fluid container are elastic.

4. The wear-resistant mining scraper conveyor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The non-Newtonian fluid layer includes one or more of the following: coatings, mud, starch, and polymer gels.

5. The wear-resistant mining scraper conveyor according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that, The thickness of the non-Newtonian fluid layer is greater than or equal to 10 mm.

6. The wear-resistant mining scraper conveyor according to claim 5, characterized in that, The thickness of the non-Newtonian fluid layer is less than or equal to 50 mm.

7. The wear-resistant mining scraper conveyor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The scraper is a polymer scraper.

8. The wear-resistant mining scraper conveyor according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a filter screen, which is located at one end of the intermediate tank and is used to filter the non-Newtonian fluid in the non-Newtonian fluid layer after a certain period of use.

9. A method for preventing wear on a mining scraper conveyor, characterized in that, The mining scraper conveyor is the mining scraper conveyor according to any one of claims 1-8, and the wear-resistant method includes: The scraper is not rotating, and the non-Newtonian fluid layer exists in liquid form. When the scraper operates at a certain speed, the surface viscosity of the non-Newtonian fluid layer increases, and it becomes close to a solid state, thereby reducing the frictional resistance of the scraper.

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