Anti-deformation device for shield tunneling through shallow near-building and construction method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of anti-deformation devices and construction methods of shield crossing shallow near building, including support assembly, including support frame, main pipeline, shunt pipe, connecting hose and air bag, the main pipeline is set to the support frame top, the shunt pipe is communicated with the main pipeline, the connecting hose is communicated with the shunt pipe, the air bag is set to the connecting hose bottom end.The application has beneficial effects: through the cooperation of support assembly and auxiliary assembly, for driving air bag to move, and avoid gas to accidentally enter the inside of air bag during air bag moving, and after air bag is moved to specified position, the position of air bag can be fixed, and air bag can be dropped down, while air bag inside can be inflated, and during air bag use, if there is single air bag gas shortage, single air bag can be inflated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel engineering technology, and in particular to an anti-deformation device and construction method for shield tunneling through shallow adjacent buildings. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the continuous development of rail transit construction, the engineering environment faced in tunnel construction has become more complex, such as: nearby buildings, lake bottom tunnels, shallow tunnels, etc. In the construction of shallow tunnels, due to the shallow burial depth of the tunnel boring machine and the small pressure of the overlying soil, the thin overlying soil layer is easily affected during the excavation process, such as heave, subsidence, and cracking. These negative impacts will have a huge impact on the road surface and buildings in the overlying soil. When the tunnel needs to be near buildings, especially ancient buildings with weak structural integrity, the construction disturbance caused by the tunnel boring machine will have an irreversible impact on the stability and safety of the ancient buildings, such as: tilting, cracking, and collapse. Therefore, it is necessary to develop corresponding tunnel boring machine technology for this special construction environment of shallow nearby buildings.

[0003] Currently, to reduce the impact of tunnel boring machine (TBM) excavation on the construction of nearby shallow buildings, grouting is generally used to balance soil pressure. However, this method has poor support effect, specifically manifested in the following ways: high sensitivity, due to the shallow overlying soil layer and strong heterogeneity of the strata, the grouting pressure needs to be adjusted. Too high or too low pressure, or the presence of cracks in the soil, will reduce the grouting support effect, causing deformation of the strata and nearby buildings. Poor protection effect for nearby buildings, grouting reinforcement is generally only for the TBM head and cannot provide overall protection for nearby buildings. Short protection time, grouting reinforcement has no protection effect on secondary deformations such as creep generated in the underlying layer after the TBM excavation. Significant noise pollution, the noise generated by TBM excavation or subsequent subway operation will affect nearby buildings. In addition, it is not convenient to construct and has poor accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a deformation-resistant construction device for shield tunneling through shallow adjacent buildings that is convenient and accurate during construction, as well as a deformation-resistant construction method based on the device.

[0005] Technical solution: The present invention provides a deformation-resistant construction device for shield tunneling through shallow adjacent buildings, comprising a support assembly, which includes a support frame, a main pipe, a diversion pipe, a connecting hose, and an airbag. The main pipe is located above the support frame, the diversion pipe is connected to the main pipe, the connecting hose is connected to the diversion pipe, and the airbag is located at the bottom end of the connecting hose.

[0006] An auxiliary component, disposed on the support component, includes a blocking component, a moving component, a limiting component, a locking component, and an adjusting component. The blocking component is located inside the diversion pipe, the moving component is disposed on the support frame, the limiting component is located on one side of the blocking component, the locking component is located on the moving component, and the adjusting component is disposed on one side of the limiting component.

[0007] Furthermore, the sealing components used in this device include a fixed plate, a sealing plate, a support block, a connecting block, a fixed shaft, and a torsion spring. The fixed plate is fixed inside the diversion pipe, the sealing plate is located on one side of the fixed plate, the support block is fixed on one side of the fixed plate, one side of the connecting block is fixed to the sealing plate, the fixed shaft is fixed inside the connecting block, and both ends of the torsion spring are fixed to the fixed shaft and the support block, respectively.

[0008] Furthermore, the moving parts used in this device include a take-up roller, a positioning sleeve, a fixing frame, a fixing sleeve, and a positioning plate. The take-up roller is located above the support frame. One end of the positioning sleeve is fixed to the take-up roller. The fixing frame is rotatably connected to the outside of the positioning sleeve. The fixing sleeve is fixed to the bottom of the fixing frame. The positioning plate is fixed to the outside of the fixing sleeve.

[0009] Furthermore, the limiting components used in this device include a limiting rod, a movable plate, a connecting plate, a limiting pin, a positioning block, and a first spring. The positioning sleeve has a limiting hole, the limiting rod is inserted into the limiting hole, the movable plate is fixed to the outside of the limiting rod, the connecting plate is fixed to one side of the fixing frame, the limiting pin is inserted into the connecting plate, the positioning block is fixed to one end of the limiting pin, and the two ends of the first spring are respectively fixed to the positioning block and the connecting plate. The movable plate has an insertion hole, and the limiting pin engages with the insertion hole.

[0010] Furthermore, the limiting components used in this device also include a rotating plate, a hinge block, a connecting frame, a positioning shaft, a support plate, a plug rod, and a second spring. The rotating plate is located above the positioning plate, the hinge block is fixed to the top of the positioning plate, the connecting frame is located on one side of the rotating plate, the positioning shaft is fixed inside the connecting frame, a groove is provided on the rotating plate, the positioning shaft slides in the groove, the support plate is fixed to the bottom of the connecting frame, the plug rod is fixed to the bottom of the support plate, and the two ends of the second spring are fixed to the support plate and the positioning plate, respectively.

[0011] Furthermore, the locking components used in this device include a positioning rod, a connecting sleeve, and a third spring. The positioning rod is inserted into the diversion pipe, the connecting sleeve is located outside the positioning rod, and the two ends of the third spring are fixed to the connecting sleeve and the positioning rod, respectively. The sealing plate has a positioning hole, and the positioning rod engages with the positioning hole.

[0012] Furthermore, the locking components used in this device also include a support bar, a fixed frame, an extrusion block, and a movable plate. The support bar is fixed to one side of the diversion pipe, the fixed frame is fixed to one side of the connecting sleeve, the extrusion block is located above the support bar, the movable plate is fixed to the bottom of the extrusion block, and the fixed frame has a force-bearing groove corresponding to the extrusion block.

[0013] Furthermore, the adjusting components used in this device include a movable rod, a push block, and a force-bearing block. The movable rod is located above the fixed frame, the push block is fixed to one side of the movable rod, and the force-bearing block is fixed to one side of the positioning rod.

[0014] Furthermore, the adjusting components used in this device also include a first plate, a support frame, a pressing rod, a connecting rod, and a fourth spring. The first plate is fixed to one side of the movable rod, the support frame is fixed to the top of the support bar, the pressing rod is located at the top of the first plate, the connecting rod is fixed to the top of the pressing rod, and the two ends of the fourth spring are respectively fixed to the pressing rod and the inner top wall of the support frame. A guide groove corresponding to the pressing rod is provided on the first plate.

[0015] This invention employs the aforementioned anti-deformation construction device for an anti-deformation construction method, comprising:

[0016] First, the building is enclosed on three sides near the tunnel using sheet piles, and a sound insulation layer is filled on one side of the sheet piles.

[0017] An airbag is buried underground on one side of the sound insulation layer, and then concrete is filled at the bottom of the building.

[0018] Vertical cement slabs are installed on both sides of the tunnel, with the tops of the cement slabs intermittently connected to form a portal frame.

[0019] Pipes are installed around the entrance of the tunnel being excavated, and the pipes are filled with cement material.

[0020] The end of the tunnel boring machine is designed to be a pointed cone shape.

[0021] Beneficial Effects: Compared with the prior art, the significant advantages of this invention are that the device, through the cooperation of support and auxiliary components, drives the airbag to move, preventing accidental gas entry into the airbag during movement. After moving the airbag to the designated position, its position can be fixed, allowing it to fall downwards while simultaneously inflating it. Furthermore, if a single airbag is low on gas during use, it can be inflated. The construction method of this invention can prevent building deformation and collapse, and it features low noise during construction and a longer protection period. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating the deformation-resistant construction method for shield tunneling through shallow adjacent buildings;

[0023] Figure 2 An overall structural diagram of the anti-deformation construction device for shield tunneling through shallow adjacent buildings;

[0024] Figure 3 A top-view cross-sectional view of the diversion pipe of the anti-deformation construction device for shield tunneling through shallow adjacent buildings;

[0025] Figure 4 A diagram showing the connection structure of the moving and locking components of the deformation-resistant construction device for a shield tunneling machine passing through shallow adjacent buildings;

[0026] Figure 5 Deformation-resistant construction device for shield tunneling through shallow adjacent buildings Figure 3 Enlarged view of the structure at point A in the middle;

[0027] Figure 6 A structural diagram of the support strip for the deformation-resistant construction device used by a tunnel boring machine (TBM) to pass through shallow adjacent buildings.

[0028] Figure 7 Deformation-resistant construction device for shield tunneling through shallow adjacent buildings Figure 5 Enlarged view of the structure at point B in the middle;

[0029] Figure 8 A cross-sectional structural diagram of the connecting sleeve of the anti-deformation construction device for shield tunneling through shallow adjacent buildings. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the present invention defines the three-dimensional space of the anti-deformation construction device for shield tunneling through shallow adjacent buildings as having three orthogonal directions: longitudinal, transverse, and vertical, wherein the most important direction is... Figure 1 For example, the horizontal direction in which the connecting plate 203c moves back and forth toward the fixing frame 202c is the longitudinal direction, the other horizontal direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction is the transverse direction, and the vertical direction is the vertical direction. In this manual, "back" refers to the direction in which the connecting plate 203c moves toward the fixing frame 202c in the longitudinal direction, "forward" refers to the direction in the longitudinal direction opposite to "back", "left" refers to the direction to the left when facing forward, and "right" refers to the direction to the right when facing forward.

[0032] Specifically, the support component 100 includes a support frame 101, a main pipe 102, a branch pipe 103, a connecting hose 104, and an airbag 105. The main pipe 102 is located above the support frame 101, the branch pipe 103 is connected to the main pipe 102, the connecting hose 104 is connected to the branch pipe 103, and the airbag 105 is located at the bottom of the connecting hose 104.

[0033] The main pipe 102 is fixed to the top of the support frame 101 by a bracket. The main pipe 102 is connected to an external air pump. There are three branch pipes 103, which are evenly distributed at the bottom of the main pipe 102. The connecting hose 104 is connected to the airbag 105. When the airbag 105 is placed underground, the gas is transported to the branch pipe 103 through the main pipe 102, and then to the connecting hose 104 through the branch pipe 103. This allows the connecting hose 104 to transport the gas to the airbag 105, which inflates the airbag 105 and supports the sound insulation layer. A weight can be added to the airbag 105 to allow it to fall more smoothly into the deep hole. There are three airbags 105.

[0034] Specifically, the auxiliary component 200 is disposed on the support component 100 and includes a blocking component 201, a moving component 202, a limiting component 203, a locking component 204, and an adjusting component 205. The blocking component 201 is located inside the diversion pipe 103, the moving component 202 is disposed on the support frame 101, the limiting component 203 is located on one side of the blocking component 201, the locking component 204 is located on the moving component 202, and the adjusting component 205 is disposed on one side of the limiting component 203.

[0035] The sealing component 201 is used to block the diversion pipe 103, ensuring that gas flowing inside the diversion pipe 103 can only flow into the airbag 105, preventing backflow of gas inside the airbag 105 and thus avoiding deflation. The moving component 202 is used to move the airbag 105, allowing it to be precisely moved to the top of the deep hole, where it can then fall into the hole. During the movement of the airbag 105, the locking component 204 limits the sealing component 201, preventing it from opening and thus preventing accidental gas entry into the airbag 105 during position adjustment, which would increase the difficulty of placing the airbag 105. The limiting component 203 also ensures that the airbag 105 can be properly positioned during movement. The airbag 105 is locked to prevent it from falling downwards. Once the airbag 105 moves to the designated position, the lock can be released, allowing it to fall downwards. The position of the airbag 105 can also be locked to prevent it from shifting during its descent. Simultaneously, the limiting member 203 pushes the locking member 204 to move, releasing the locking member 204 from restricting the sealing member 201, allowing gas to enter the airbag 105. Through the adjustment member 205, if a single airbag 105 experiences insufficient gas or support during construction, the adjustment member 205 can move the locking member 204, limiting the sealing member 201 inside other diversion pipes 103 and preventing gas from entering the airbag 105. At this point, the airbag 105 experiencing insufficient gas or support can be inflated.

[0036] Specifically, the sealing component 201 includes a fixing plate 201a, a sealing plate 201b, a support block 201c, a connecting block 201d, a fixing shaft 201e, and a torsion spring 201f. The fixing plate 201a is fixed inside the diversion pipe 103, the sealing plate 201b is located on one side of the fixing plate 201a, the support block 201c is fixed on one side of the fixing plate 201a, one side of the connecting block 201d is fixed to the sealing plate 201b, the fixing shaft 201e is fixed inside the connecting block 201d, and both ends of the torsion spring 201f are fixed to the fixing shaft 201e and the support block 201c, respectively.

[0037] The number of sealing components 201 corresponds to the number of diverter pipes 103. The fixed plate 201a has vent holes for gas discharge. The sealing plate 201b is used to block the vent holes. Only gas entering the airbag 105 can push the sealing plate 201b to open, allowing gas to flow. Gas flowing back into the airbag 105 is blocked by the sealing plate 201b, thus preventing gas leakage inside the airbag 105. The fixed shaft 201e is rotatably connected to the support block 201c through a bearing. The sealing plate 201b is hinged to the fixed plate 201a through the cooperation of the support block 201c, the connecting block 201d, and the fixed shaft 201e, so that the sealing plate 201b can be rotated to open. The torsion spring 201f applies rotational force to the fixed shaft 201e and drives the sealing plate 201b to rotate through the fixed shaft 201e, so that the sealing plate 201b can close after opening.

[0038] Specifically, the movable component 202 includes a take-up roller 202a, a positioning sleeve 202b, a fixing frame 202c, a fixing sleeve 202d, and a positioning plate 202e. The take-up roller 202a is located above the support frame 101. One end of the positioning sleeve 202b is fixed to the take-up roller 202a. The fixing frame 202c is rotatably connected to the outside of the positioning sleeve 202b. The fixing sleeve 202d is fixed to the bottom of the fixing frame 202c. The positioning plate 202e is fixed to the outside of the fixing sleeve 202d.

[0039] The number of movable parts 202 corresponds to the number of airbags 105. The connecting hose 104 is divided into two sections. One section is connected to the take-up roller 202a and the diverter pipe 103 at both ends, and the other section is connected to the take-up roller 202a and the airbag 105 at both ends. The connecting hose 104 is wound around the outside of the take-up roller 202a and is wound up by the take-up roller 202a. The positioning sleeve 202b is rotatably connected to the fixed frame 202c through a bearing. The fixed frame 202c is U-shaped, and the support frame 101 has a sliding opening. The fixed sleeve 202d is movably connected to the sliding groove and is supported by the positioning plate 202e to prevent the fixed sleeve 202d from falling downward. By moving the take-up roller 202a on the top of the support frame 101, the connecting hose 104 and the airbag 105 can be moved, thereby adjusting the position of the airbag 105. When the airbag 105 moves to the designated position, the restriction on the take-up roller 202a is released, and the airbag 105 will fall downward into the deep hole.

[0040] Specifically, the limiting component 203 includes a limiting rod 203a, a movable plate 203b, a connecting plate 203c, a limiting pin 203d, a positioning block 203e, and a first spring 203f. The positioning sleeve 202b has a limiting hole Z, the limiting rod 203a is inserted into the limiting hole Z, the movable plate 203b is fixed to the outside of the limiting rod 203a, the connecting plate 203c is fixed to one side of the fixing frame 202c, the limiting pin 203d is inserted into the connecting plate 203c, the positioning block 203e is fixed to one end of the limiting pin 203d, and the two ends of the first spring 203f are fixed to the positioning block 203e and the connecting plate 203c respectively. The movable plate 203b has an insertion hole X, and the limiting pin 203d engages with the insertion hole X.

[0041] The number of limiting members 203 corresponds to the number of moving members 202. A stabilizing block is fixed to one side of the fixed frame 202c. The limiting rod 203a is movably connected to the stabilizing block. When the limiting rod 203a engages with the limiting hole Z, the positioning sleeve 202b can be limited by the cooperation of the two, preventing the winding roller 202a from rotating. This avoids the situation where the rotation of the winding roller 202a during the movement of the airbag 105 will cause the airbag 105 to fall downwards. The moving plate 203b is L-shaped and movably connected to the connecting plate 203c. When the limiting pin 203d engages with the insertion hole X, the moving plate 203b can be locked by the cooperation of the two, and the limiting rod 203a is locked by the moving plate 203b, thus preventing the limiting rod 203a from engaging with the limiting hole Z. In the separated state, there are two insertion holes X. When it is necessary to release the restriction on the take-up roller 202a, the limiting pin 203d is separated from the current insertion hole X, and the moving plate 203b is moved upward, so that the moving plate 203b drives the limiting rod 203a to separate from the limiting hole Z, thereby releasing the restriction on the take-up roller 202a. At the same time, the limiting pin 203d is engaged with the other insertion hole X, thereby locking the moving plate 203b in the current state and preventing it from moving. The positioning block 203e is used to fix the first spring 203f, and the first spring 203f is used to apply tension to the positioning block 203e, and the positioning block 203e drives the limiting pin 203d to move, thereby making the limiting pin 203d more securely engaged with the insertion hole X.

[0042] Specifically, the limiting component 203 also includes a rotating plate 203g, a hinge block 203h, a connecting frame 203i, a positioning shaft 203j, a support plate 203k, a plug rod 203l, and a second spring 203m. The rotating plate 203g is located above the positioning plate 202e, the hinge block 203h is fixed to the top of the positioning plate 202e, the connecting frame 203i is located on one side of the rotating plate 203g, the positioning shaft 203j is fixed inside the connecting frame 203i, a sliding groove V is provided on the rotating plate 203g, the positioning shaft 203j slides in the sliding groove V, the support plate 203k is fixed to the bottom of the connecting frame 203i, the plug rod 203l is fixed to the bottom of the support plate 203k, and the two ends of the second spring 203m are fixed to the support plate 203k and the positioning plate 202e, respectively.

[0043] When the limiting rod 203a engages with the limiting hole Z, the bottom of the moving plate 203b will press downward against the end of the rotating plate 203g. The rotating plate 203g is connected to the top of the positioning plate 202e via the hinge block 203h, and the hinge block 203h is located at the center of the rotating plate 203g. Therefore, when the rotating plate 203g rotates, it will rotate around the hinge block 203h as the center. One end of the rotating plate 203g is connected to the support plate 203k through the cooperation of the connecting frame 203i and the positioning shaft 203j. When one end of the rotating plate 203g is pressed downward by the moving plate 203b, its other end can drive the support plate 203k to move upward, and drive the insertion rod 203l to move upward through the support plate 203k. The top of the support frame 101 has a slot corresponding to the insertion rod 203l. Multiple rods are evenly distributed in a straight line on the top of the support frame 101. When the rod 203l moves upward, it will separate from the slot, thus not restricting the positioning plate 202e and allowing the positioning plate 202e to move on the top of the support frame 101. When the limiting rod 203a separates from the limiting hole Z, the bottom of the moving plate 203b will separate from the rotating plate 203g. At this time, the second spring 203m applies a downward pulling force to the support plate 203k, and the support plate 203k drives the rod 203l to move downward, so that the rod 203l can engage with the slot. The two work together to lock the positioning plate 202e, and the positioning plate 202e locks the position of the winding roller 202a and the airbag 105, thus preventing the airbag 105 from shifting position during the fall.

[0044] Specifically, the locking component 204 includes a positioning rod 204a, a connecting sleeve 204b, and a third spring 204c. The positioning rod 204a is inserted into the diversion pipe 103, the connecting sleeve 204b is located outside the positioning rod 204a, and the two ends of the third spring 204c are fixed to the connecting sleeve 204b and the positioning rod 204a respectively. The sealing plate 201b has a positioning hole N, and the positioning rod 204a engages with the positioning hole N.

[0045] The number of locking components 204 corresponds to the number of sealing components 201. The positioning rod 204a is movably connected to the diversion pipe 103, and a sealing ring is provided at the connection point to prevent gas leakage. When the positioning rod 204a engages with the positioning hole N, the sealing plate 201b can be locked by their cooperation, preventing the sealing plate 201b from opening downwards and thus preventing gas from entering the airbag 105. This avoids the accidental entry of gas into the airbag 105 during the movement of the airbag 105, which would increase the difficulty of placing the airbag 105. The connecting sleeve 204b is connected to the positioning rod 204a by the third spring 204c. When the connecting sleeve 204b moves, it will drive the positioning rod 204a to move through the third spring 204c, thereby separating the positioning rod 204a from the positioning hole N and releasing the restriction on the sealing plate 201b, allowing the sealing plate 201b to open downwards.

[0046] Specifically, the locking component 204 also includes a support bar 204d, a fixing frame 204e, a pressing block 204f, and a movable plate 204g. The support bar 204d is fixed to one side of the diversion pipe 103, the fixing frame 204e is fixed to one side of the connecting sleeve 204b, the pressing block 204f is located above the support bar 204d, the movable plate 204g is fixed to the bottom of the pressing block 204f, and the fixing frame 204e has a force groove M corresponding to the pressing block 204f.

[0047] One side of the extrusion block 204f is inclined. When the extrusion block 204f presses against the inner wall of the force groove M, the two work together to move the fixed frame 204e, and the fixed frame 204e moves the connecting sleeve 204b. This allows the connecting sleeve 204b to separate the positioning rod 204a from the positioning hole N. Multiple stabilizing shafts are fixed on the support bar 204d. The stabilizing shafts are movably connected to the movable plate 204g. The stabilizing shafts position the movable plate 204g, so that when any position of the bottom wall of the movable plate 204g is subjected to force, the movable plate 204g can horizontally drive the extrusion block 204f to move upward. The support bar 204d has a movable groove. The top of the limiting rod 203a is located in the movable groove and contacts the movable plate 204g. When the limiting rod 203a moves upward, it can drive the movable plate 204g to move upward, which in turn allows the movable plate 204g to drive the extrusion block 204f to press against the inner wall of the force groove M.

[0048] Specifically, the adjusting component 205 includes a movable rod 205a, a push block 205b, and a force-bearing block 205c. The movable rod 205a is located above the fixed frame 204e, the push block 205b is fixed to one side of the movable rod 205a, and the force-bearing block 205c is fixed to one side of the positioning rod 204a.

[0049] Multiple guide blocks are fixed on the support bar 204d. The movable rod 205a is movably connected to the guide blocks, which support the movable rod 205a and prevent it from shifting during movement. There are three force-bearing blocks 205c, which are fixed to the three positioning rods 204a respectively. The connecting sleeve 204b has a slot, and the force-bearing blocks 205c are movably connected to the slot. There are three push blocks 205b, which correspond to the three force-bearing blocks 205c respectively. Initially, there is a certain gap between the force-bearing blocks 205c and the push blocks 205b. When the connecting sleeve 204b drives the positioning rod 204a to separate from the positioning hole N, the force-bearing blocks 205c... The pusher will then approach and contact the pusher 205b. The left pusher 205b is at a certain distance from the force-bearing block 205c. Both the left and right pushers 205b are trapezoidal. The middle pusher 205b has a groove in its center and fits against the force-bearing block 205c. The right pusher 205b fits against the force-bearing block 205c. When the movable rod 205a moves the three pushers 205b a certain distance, the left pusher 205b will not contact the force-bearing block 205c, while the middle and right pushers 205b will press against the force-bearing block 205c. This, in turn, will cause the positioning rod 204a to move, thus allowing the positioning rod to... When 204a engages with positioning hole N, only the left sealing plate 201b can open when inflating airbag 105, thus inflating only the left airbag 105. As the moving rod 205a continues to move the three push blocks 205b a certain distance, the left push block 205b will press against the force-bearing block 205c, while the middle push block 205b will contact the groove with the force-bearing block 205c, releasing the pressure. At this point, the third spring 204c pulls the positioning rod 204a, causing the middle positioning rod 204a to separate from positioning hole N. Simultaneously, the right push block 205b will continue to press against the force-bearing block 205c, while the sealing plates on both sides... The blocking plate 201b cannot be opened, but the middle blocking plate 201b can be opened, so only the middle airbag 105 can be inflated. When the movable rod 205a moves the three push blocks 205b a certain distance again, the left push block 205b will continue to squeeze the force block 205c, the middle push block 205b will separate the force block 205c from the groove and squeeze the force block 205c again, while the right push block 205b will separate from the force block 205c. At this time, only the right airbag 105 can be inflated. Thus, when it is necessary to inflate a single airbag 105 during construction, it is only necessary to move the movable rod 205a to the specified distance.

[0050] Specifically, the adjusting component 205 also includes a first plate 205d, a support frame 205e, a pressing rod 205f, a connecting rod 205g, and a fourth spring 205h. The first plate 205d is fixed to one side of the movable rod 205a, the support frame 205e is fixed to the top of the support bar 204d, the pressing rod 205f is located at the top of the first plate 205d, the connecting rod 205g is fixed to the top of the pressing rod 205f, and the two ends of the fourth spring 205h are fixed to the inner top wall of the pressing rod 205f and the support frame 205e, respectively. The first plate 205d has a guide groove S corresponding to the pressing rod 205f.

[0051] There are four guide grooves S. The inner wall of the leftmost guide groove S is a right-angled triangle. The inner walls of the other three guide grooves S are all inclined, and limit grooves are provided at the ends of the inner walls. The inclined surface of the inner wall of the rightmost guide groove S is the longest, the second one from the right is slightly shorter, and the third one from the right is the shortest. The extrusion rods 205f are U-shaped and their number corresponds to the guide grooves S. When the extrusion rods 205f extrude against the inclined surface of the inner wall of the guide groove S, the two work together to drive the first plate 205d to move, thereby enabling the first plate 205d to drive... The movable rod 205a moves, and when the pressing rod 205f moves to the end of the inner wall of the guide groove S, it enters the limiting groove, thereby limiting the first plate 205d and keeping it in its current position. If the leftmost pressing rod 205f is pressed at this time, the other pressing rods 205f will separate from the limiting groove, thus releasing the restriction on the first plate 205d and allowing it to reset. Since the inclined surface lengths of the three guide grooves S on the right are not... Therefore, the travel distance of the first plate 205d will be different, thus corresponding to the opening and locking of the three sealing plates 201b respectively. When the rightmost extrusion rod 205f is pressed to extrude the guide groove S, the first plate 205d moves the movable rod 205a the longest distance, thus limiting the left and middle sealing plates 201b, allowing the right sealing plate 201b to open. When the second and third extrusion rods 205f on the right are pressed in sequence, the... The corresponding components sequentially open the left-hand sealing plate 201b in the middle. The connecting rod 205g drives the pressing rod 205f to move downward. The fourth spring 205h applies tension to the pressing rod 205f, allowing it to return to its original position after movement. The support frame 205e has a fourth spring fixed inside, with its two ends fixed to the inner wall of the support frame 205e and the first plate 205d, respectively. The fourth spring applies tension to the first plate 205d, allowing it to return to its original position after movement.

[0052] In use, first, move the support frame 101 to the designated position. Then, move the take-up roller 202a on top of the support frame 101, driving the connecting hose 104 and the airbag 105 to move, thereby adjusting the position of the airbag 105. When the airbag 105 moves to the designated position, separate the limiting pin 203d from the current insertion hole X, and move the moving plate 203b upward, causing the moving plate 203b to drive the limiting rod 203a to separate from the limiting hole Z. This releases the restriction on the take-up roller 202a, and the airbag 105 will fall downward into the deep hole. At the same time, the limiting pin 203d engages with the other insertion hole X. This locks the movable plate 203b in its current state, preventing it from moving. At the same time, when the movable plate 203b moves upward, its bottom separates from the rotating plate 203g. At this time, the second spring 203m applies a downward pulling force to the support plate 203k, and the support plate 203k drives the insertion rod 203l to move downward, so that the insertion rod 203l can engage with the slot. Through the cooperation of the two, the positioning plate 202e can be locked, and the position of the winding roller 202a and the airbag 105 can be locked by the positioning plate 202e, so as to prevent the position of the airbag 105 from shifting during the falling process.

[0053] At the same time, when the limiting rod 203a moves upward, it can drive the movable plate 204g to move upward, which in turn can drive the extrusion block 204f to extrude the inner wall of the force groove M. Through the cooperation of the two, the fixed frame 204e can be moved, and the fixed frame 204e can drive the connecting sleeve 204b to move. When the connecting sleeve 204b moves, it will drive the positioning rod 204a to move through the third spring 204c, so that the positioning rod 204a can be separated from the positioning hole N, thereby releasing the restriction on the sealing plate 201b and allowing the sealing plate 201b to open downward. At this time, the external air pump is turned on, and the gas is delivered to the diversion pipe 103 through the main pipe 102, and then delivered to the connecting hose 104 through the diversion pipe 103. This allows the connecting hose 104 to deliver the gas to the airbag 105, which inflates the airbag 105 and supports the sound insulation layer.

[0054] If a single airbag 105 experiences insufficient gas or insufficient support during construction, the corresponding extrusion rod 205f is pressed down and moves downward. The extrusion rod 205f then extrudes the inclined surface of the inner wall of the guide groove S. The combination of these two actions moves the first plate 205d, which in turn moves the movable rod 205a. When the movable rod 205a moves the three push blocks 205b a certain distance, two of the push blocks 205b will push the force block 205c to move. The force block 205c then moves the positioning rod 204a, causing the positioning rod 204a to engage with the positioning hole N and seal the other two airbags 105 that do not need to be inflated. When inflating, air will only be inflated into the airbag 105 that needs to be inflated.

[0055] In addition, the present invention also provides a deformation-resistant construction method for shield tunneling through shallow adjacent buildings. The deformation-resistant construction method for shield tunneling through shallow adjacent buildings includes first enclosing the building in three directions near the tunnel using steel sheet piles 1, and filling one side of the steel sheet piles 1 with a sound insulation layer 2.

[0056] An airbag 105 is buried underground on one side of the sound insulation layer 2, and then concrete 3 is filled at the bottom of the building;

[0057] Vertical cement slabs 4 are installed on both sides of the tunnel, and the tops of the cement slabs are intermittently connected to form a portal frame.

[0058] Pipes are installed around the entrance of the tunnel being excavated, and the pipes are filled with cement material.

[0059] The end of the tunnel boring machine is designed to be a pointed cone shape.

[0060] The specific steps are as follows: First, the building is enclosed in three directions near the tunnel by steel sheet piles 1 to form a whole, so as to prevent the building from tilting. Then, a sound insulation layer 2 is filled on the side of the steel sheet piles 1 away from the building to avoid excessive noise during construction, which may affect the residents in the building.

[0061] A deep hole is excavated on one side of the sound insulation layer 2, leading directly underground. An airbag 105 is then placed inside the hole, with the airbag 105 placed intermittently in a straight line. When placing the airbag 105, it is tilted so that the tilting force generated by the building, sheet pile 1, and sound insulation layer 2 can be offset by the airbag 105, thereby further preventing the building from tilting.

[0062] By pre-deploying distributed optical fibers, strain monitoring of airbag 105 can be performed. This is existing technology and will not be elaborated here. When it is found that the gas in any airbag 105 is insufficient, or the force of the tilting of the diaphragm layer at the corresponding position of the airbag 105 is too large, the airbag 105 can be inflated separately. This can improve the support force of the airbag 105 in that area on the diaphragm layer. After the airbag 105 is removed, filler is filled into the deep hole.

[0063] Then, concrete is filled at the bottom of the building to prevent it from sinking or tilting during construction.

[0064] Vertical cement slabs 4 are installed on both sides of the tunnel to be excavated next to the building. The top of the cement slabs is intermittently connected to form a portal frame, so as to avoid the tunnel from collapsing due to excessive vibration during excavation. Pipes are installed around the tunnel entrance and cement material is filled inside the pipes.

[0065] After the cement filler has solidified, the pipe is then removed. The stability of the tunnel entrance can be further improved by using the cement pipe. During the tunneling process, the shield machine can directly excavate the concrete pipe and set the end of the shield machine into a pointed cone shape, which makes it easier for the shield machine to move when it is excavating inside the portal frame.

[0066] This construction method can effectively protect adjacent buildings as a whole, with a long protection period and obvious effect. The sound insulation layer can also effectively reduce noise pollution, greatly improving the convenience and safety of the overall construction operation.

Claims

1. A deformation-resistant construction device for shield tunneling through shallow adjacent buildings, characterized in that: include, The support assembly (100) includes a support frame (101), a main pipe (102), a branch pipe (103), a connecting hose (104), and an airbag (105). The main pipe (102) is located above the support frame (101), the branch pipe (103) is connected to the main pipe (102), the connecting hose (104) is connected to the branch pipe (103), and the airbag (105) is located at the bottom end of the connecting hose (104). An auxiliary component (200) is disposed on the support component (100) and includes a blocking component (201), a moving component (202), a limiting component (203), a locking component (204), and an adjusting component (205). The blocking component (201) is located inside the diversion pipe (103), the moving component (202) is disposed on the support frame (101), the limiting component (203) is located on one side of the blocking component (201), the locking component (204) is located on the moving component (202), and the adjusting component (205) is disposed on one side of the limiting component (203). The sealing component (201) includes a fixing plate (201a), a sealing plate (201b), a support block (201c), a connecting block (201d), a fixing shaft (201e), and a torsion spring (201f). The fixing plate (201a) is fixed inside the diversion pipe (103). The sealing plate (201b) is located on one side of the fixing plate (201a). The support block (201c) is fixed on one side of the fixing plate (201a). One side of the connecting block (201d) is fixed to the sealing plate (201b). The fixing shaft (201e) is fixed inside the connecting block (201d). Both ends of the torsion spring (201f) are fixed to the fixing shaft (201e) and the support block (201c), respectively. The locking component (204) includes a positioning rod (204a), a connecting sleeve (204b), and a third spring (204c). The positioning rod (204a) is inserted into the diversion pipe (103), the connecting sleeve (204b) is located outside the positioning rod (204a), and the two ends of the third spring (204c) are fixed to the connecting sleeve (204b) and the positioning rod (204a) respectively. The sealing plate (201b) has a positioning hole (N), and the positioning rod (204a) engages with the positioning hole (N). The locking component (204) further includes a support bar (204d), a fixing frame (204e), an extrusion block (204f), and a movable plate (204g). The support bar (204d) is fixed to one side of the diverter pipe (103), the fixing frame (204e) is fixed to one side of the connecting sleeve (204b), the extrusion block (204f) is located above the support bar (204d), the movable plate (204g) is fixed to the bottom of the extrusion block (204f), and the fixing frame (204e) has a force-bearing groove (M) corresponding to the extrusion block (204f). The adjusting component (205) includes a movable rod (205a), a push block (205b), and a force-bearing block (205c). The movable rod (205a) is located above the fixed frame (204e), the push block (205b) is fixed to one side of the movable rod (205a), and the force-bearing block (205c) is fixed to one side of the positioning rod (204a). The adjusting component (205) further includes a first plate (205d), a support frame (205e), a pressing rod (205f), a connecting rod (205g), and a fourth spring (205h). The first plate (205d) is fixed to one side of the movable rod (205a), the support frame (205e) is fixed to the top of the support bar (204d), the pressing rod (205f) is located on the top of the first plate (205d), the connecting rod (205g) is fixed to the top of the pressing rod (205f), and the two ends of the fourth spring (205h) are respectively fixed to the inner top wall of the pressing rod (205f) and the support frame (205e). The first plate (205d) is provided with a guide groove (S) corresponding to the pressing rod (205f).

2. The anti-deformation construction device for shield tunneling through shallow adjacent buildings as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The movable component (202) includes a take-up roller (202a), a positioning sleeve (202b), a fixing frame (202c), a fixing sleeve (202d), and a positioning plate (202e). The take-up roller (202a) is located above the support frame (101). One end of the positioning sleeve (202b) is fixed to the take-up roller (202a). The fixing frame (202c) is rotatably connected to the outside of the positioning sleeve (202b). The fixing sleeve (202d) is fixed to the bottom of the fixing frame (202c). The positioning plate (202e) is fixed to the outside of the fixing sleeve (202d).

3. The anti-deformation construction device for shield tunneling through shallow adjacent buildings as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The limiting component (203) includes a limiting rod (203a), a movable plate (203b), a connecting plate (203c), a limiting pin (203d), a positioning block (203e), and a first spring (203f). A limiting hole (Z) is formed on the positioning sleeve (202b), and the limiting rod (203a) is inserted into the limiting hole (Z). The movable plate (203b) is fixed to the outside of the limiting rod (203a), and the connecting plate (203c)... The first spring (203f) is fixed to one side of the fixed frame (202c), the limiting pin (203d) is inserted into the connecting plate (203c), the positioning block (203e) is fixed to one end of the limiting pin (203d), the two ends of the first spring (203f) are fixed to the positioning block (203e) and the connecting plate (203c) respectively, and the movable plate (203b) is provided with a socket (X), and the limiting pin (203d) engages with the socket (X).

4. The anti-deformation construction device for shield tunneling through shallow adjacent buildings as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The limiting component (203) further includes a rotating plate (203g), a hinge block (203h), a connecting frame (203i), a positioning shaft (203j), a support plate (203k), a plug rod (203l), and a second spring (203m). The rotating plate (203g) is located above the positioning plate (202e), the hinge block (203h) is fixed to the top of the positioning plate (202e), and the connecting frame (203i) is located on one side of the rotating plate (203g). The positioning shaft (203j) is fixed inside the connecting frame (203i). A groove (V) is provided on the rotating plate (203g). The positioning shaft (203j) slides in the groove (V). The support plate (203k) is fixed to the bottom of the connecting frame (203i). The insertion rod (203l) is fixed to the bottom of the support plate (203k). The two ends of the second spring (203m) are fixed to the support plate (203k) and the positioning plate (202e) respectively.

5. A method for anti-deformation construction based on the anti-deformation construction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: include, First, the building is enclosed in three directions near the tunnel by steel sheet piles (1), and a sound insulation layer (2) is filled on one side of the steel sheet piles (1). An airbag (105) is buried underground on one side of the sound insulation layer, and then concrete is filled at the bottom of the building (3). Vertical cement slabs (4) are installed on both sides of the tunnel, and the tops of the cement slabs are intermittently connected to form a portal frame. Pipes are installed around the entrance of the tunnel being excavated, and the pipes are filled with cement material. The end of the tunnel boring machine is designed to be a pointed cone shape.

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