A pneumatic seed metering device for mustard seeds

Abstract

The application discloses a pneumatic jet seeding seed metering device for mustard seeds, and relates to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to the pneumatic jet seeding seed metering device for mustard seeds. The technical problem to be solved by the application is to provide the pneumatic jet seeding seed metering device for mustard seeds, which is beneficial to realize the precision and high efficiency of small-diameter stem tumor mustard seed metering.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a pneumatic seed shooting seed metering device for mustard seeds. BACKGROUND

[0002] The origin of stem tumor mustard is in Fuling District of Sichuan Basin, and the planting history has been more than 100 years. At present, foreign countries have not started cultivation, and the main planting areas in China are distributed in Zhejiang, Hunan, Chongqing, Hubei and Sichuan provinces and cities along the Yangtze River, among which Chongqing and Zhejiang have the largest planting scale.

[0003] At present, the degree of mechanization of small particle size vegetable planting in China is still relatively low. In most areas, traditional manual sowing methods are still used for vegetable planting. According to survey data, the rate of mechanized sowing of small particle size vegetable seeds is less than 15%. At the same time, the level and degree of vegetable sowing mechanization need to be improved. In the contact sowing technology, the methods such as shallow rotation, shallow furrowing, furrow opener optimization, and the cooperation of rotary tiller and furrow opener are usually adopted to reduce the problems of adhesion, blockage, operation resistance and power consumption caused by contact with wet soil. However, these problems seriously affect the efficiency of mechanized production of seed particles. Moreover, due to the small size of the seeds, it is difficult to achieve precision seed metering, therefore, it is necessary to design a new type of pneumatic seed shooting seed metering device to improve the sowing efficiency of such small particle size vegetable seeds. SUMMARY

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a pneumatic seed shooting seed metering device for mustard seeds, which is beneficial to achieve precision and high efficiency of small particle size stem tumor mustard seed metering.

[0005] The present application adopts the following technical solutions to achieve the purpose of the application:

[0006] The invention discloses a kind of pneumatic seed shooting seed metering device for mustard seed, it is characterized in that, including: seed shooting seed metering device, filling seed box, seed metering conduit and drive assembly;The seed shooting seed metering device is fixedly connected with a group of the filling seed box, the seed shooting seed metering device is fixedly connected with a group of the seed metering conduit, the seed shooting seed metering device is fixedly connected with the drive assembly;The seed shooting seed metering device includes being provided with seed metering tooth ring, seed metering tooth ring drive bevel gear, seed metering box seat, seed metering hole disc, sealed air guide pipe, seed cleaning cylinder, seed metering disc cover, seed metering disc seat, seed metering box upper cover, follow-up seed pushing pinion and drive gear;The upper cover of the seed metering box is circular through-hole, the seed metering box upper cover is fixedly connected with the seed metering box seat and the sealed air guide pipe, the sealed air guide pipe is fixedly connected with the seed metering box seat, the seed metering box seat is fixedly connected with seed metering hole disc, the seed metering disc cover is fixedly connected with the seed metering disc seat, and the seed metering disc seat is fixedly connected with the seed metering box seat;The seed metering box upper cover gear shaft is connected with at least one drive gear, the seed metering disc seat is connected with seed metering tooth ring, the seed metering tooth ring is fixedly connected with the seed metering tooth ring drive bevel gear, and the seed metering tooth ring drive bevel gear is engaged with the drive gear;The seed metering disc seat is connected with a group of evenly distributed seed cleaning cylinder and a group of evenly distributed follow-up seed pushing pinion, and the follow-up seed pushing pinion is matched with the seed metering tooth ring.

[0007] As a further limitation of the technical solution, four filling seed holes are provided on the seed metering box upper cover, and each filling seed hole is connected with a corresponding filling seed box.

[0008] As a further limitation of the technical solution, each filling seed hole corresponds to a corresponding seed metering area of the seed metering disc seat, and the seed metering area is four independent inclined surfaces.

[0009] As a further limitation of the technical solution, the seed metering tooth ring is horizontally attached to the periphery of the seed metering disc seat, covered by the disc of the seed metering disc seat, and a horizontal groove is provided on the seed metering tooth ring.

[0010] As a further limitation of the technical solution, four seed falling holes are evenly distributed on the seed metering hole disc, which can correspond to the grooves of the seed metering tooth ring, and the seeds enter the seed metering airflow channel through the seed falling holes.

[0011] As a further limitation of the technical solution, four air supply channels are evenly distributed on the seed metering box seat, and the channels are connected with the outside, the bottom of the sealed air guide pipe is cross-shaped, and the whole is installed on the seed metering box seat, and the air supply channels are embedded to form a seal.

[0012] As a further limitation of the technical solution, four seed metering ports are evenly distributed on the outside of the seed metering box seat, each seed metering port is connected with a corresponding air supply channel and seed falling hole, and each seed falling hole is arranged in the corresponding seed metering port.

[0013] As a further limitation of the technical solution, the driving assembly comprises a driving motor, the seed sowing box upper cover is fixedly connected with the driving motor, an output shaft of the driving motor is fixedly connected with a power gear, and the power gear is engaged with the corresponding driving gear.

[0014] As a further limitation of the technical solution, the driving assembly further comprises a driving control switch box, the seed sowing box upper cover is fixedly connected with the driving control switch box, and the driving control switch box is electrically connected with the driving motor.

[0015] A use method of an air-type jet sowing seed sowing device for mustard seeds, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0016] S1: installing the device on a moving mechanism, and driving the device to move forward, backward and turn by the moving mechanism;

[0017] S2: pouring stem knot mustard seeds into the seed filling box, and connecting the sealed air guide pipe with an air source;

[0018] S3: moving the moving mechanism, turning on the driving motor, driving the driving gear to rotate by the driving motor, driving the sowing gear ring driving bevel gear and the sowing gear ring to rotate, and driving the follow-up seed ejecting pinion to rotate by the sowing gear ring;

[0019] When the sowing device works stably, the linear speed of the sowing gear ring working can be calculated by formula 1 in combination with the sowing time, seed spacing and other parameters:

[0020]

[0021] In the formula, V p is the linear speed of the sowing gear ring;

[0022] d p is the diameter of the sowing gear ring;

[0023] S is the spacing of stem knot mustard seeds;

[0024] V m is the forward speed of the seeding machine;

[0025] t is the acceleration time of the seeds in the jet sowing device;

[0026] Z is the number of seed slots of the sowing gear ring.

[0027] With the increase of the seed disc linear velocity, the filling performance of the type hole is reduced, and the limit linear velocity of the horizontal disc seed metering device is lower, which is 0.3-0.35 m / s. The seed metering mode of the pneumatic seed shooting metering device is designed, the pressure of a large number of stem and bud canola seeds on the inclined surface of the seed disc seat is relied on, the seeds are squeezed into the seed groove type hole of the seed tooth ring, and the filling performance is better than that of the traditional horizontal disc type which relies on the self weight of the seeds to fall into the type hole.

[0028] The V of the seed tooth ring 12 is calculated through formula 2 g Limit linear velocity:

[0029]

[0030] Wherein H is the seed groove width of the seed tooth ring;

[0031] d is the average diameter of the stem and bud canola seeds;

[0032] d max is the maximum diameter of the stem and bud canola seeds;

[0033] a is the acceleration of the seeds after force;

[0034] After the action of a period of time t, the stem and bud canola seeds start to accelerate in the seed metering pipe under the action of the accelerating airflow, the pipe distance is L, and the acceleration time t can be obtained through the following formula:

[0035]

[0036] Wherein a p is the acceleration;

[0037] d Z is the equivalent diameter of the stem and bud canola seeds;

[0038] ρ Z is the density of the stem and bud canola seeds;

[0039] P m is the airflow thrust;

[0040] L is the accelerating distance of the seed metering pipe;

[0041] The internal flow field of the high-speed seed metering mechanism of the stem and bud canola seeds belongs to the jet flow field of a long and narrow pipe, and the airflow is easy to produce vortex in the internal cavity of the seed disc seat 8, which can reduce the shooting effect of the jet flow field on the stem and bud canola seeds, and the RNG k-turbulence model is used to calculate the turbulence in the stem and bud canola seed metering device.

[0042]

[0043]

[0044] Wherein k is the turbulent kinetic energy;

[0045] ε is the dissipation rate of turbulent kinetic energy;

[0046] u i 、u j is the time-averaged velocity component;

[0047] ρ g is the density of air;

[0048] x i 、x j are the Cartesian coordinate components;

[0049] a k 、a ε is the Prandtl number corresponding to k and ε, a k =a ε =1.39;

[0050] μ ef is the equivalent viscosity coefficient;

[0051] is a function of strain rate;

[0052] C 2ε is the empirical constant, C 2ε =1.68;

[0053] G k is the generation term of turbulent kinetic energy k caused by the mean velocity gradient;

[0054] μ ef =μ+μ t (6)

[0055]

[0056]

[0057]

[0058]

[0059]

[0060] Where: C μ 、C 1ε is the empirical constant, C μ =0.084, C 1ε =1.42;

[0061] β is the coefficient of thermal expansion;

[0062] μ is the fluid dynamic viscosity;

[0063] μ tis the ratio of the average time scale to the turbulent time scale, η0 is the typical value of η in the shear flow η0 = 4.377;

[0064] η is the ratio of the average time scale to the turbulent time scale, η0 is the typical value of η in the shear flow η0 = 4.377;

[0065] E i j is the time-averaged strain rate;

[0066] i and j are unit vectors corresponding to the X and Y axes of the Cartesian coordinate system.

[0067] S4: the seeds in the filling seed box enter the seed plate seat through the filling seed port, the seeds roll down through the slope, the end of the slope is provided with a seed cleaning roller, the seed cleaning roller prevents the seeds from being blocked due to too much seeds, avoids the situation that the seeds cannot enter the grooves of the seed plate ring due to too much seeds, when the groove of the seed plate ring rotates to the seed falling hole corresponding to the seed plate, the seeds fall into the air conveying channel of the seed plate seat, high-pressure airflow is transported through the sealed air guide pipe, and then is branched into four air conveying channels, so that the seeds enter the seed guide pipe under the action of the airflow, and finally are shot into the soil by relying on the airflow power and gravity.

[0068] Compared with the related art, the pneumatic seed shooting seed metering device for mustard seeds has the following beneficial effects:

[0069] (1) The pneumatic seed shooting seed metering device for mustard seeds can realize precision seed metering of small-diameter vegetable seeds such as stem and tumor mustard according to the agronomic requirements.

[0070] (2) The pneumatic seed shooting seed metering device for mustard seeds can shoot four seeds at a time, avoids the ditching process of conventional mechanized direct seeding, and improves the seed metering efficiency.

[0071] (3) The pneumatic seed shooting seed metering device for mustard seeds integrates light weight, convenience and simplicity, so that the application range of the device provides more possibilities, such as precision seeding for unmanned aerial vehicles, and the seed metering situation can be monitored and controlled through electric control, and the device is suitable for specific environments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0072] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present application Figure One .

[0073] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present application Figure Two .

[0074] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the partial cross-sectional structure of the present application Figure One .

[0075] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of partially cut structure of the present application Figure Two

[0076] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of partially cut structure of the present application Figure Three .

[0077] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of partially cut structure of the present application Figure One .

[0078] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of partially cut structure of the present application Figure Two .

[0079] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of partially cut structure of the present application

[0080] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of partially cut structure of the present application

[0081] In the figure:

[0082] 1, upper cover of seed box, 2, seed filling box, 3, driving control switch box, 4, seed guide tube, 5, seed box seat, 6, driving motor, 7, seed disc cover, 8, seed disc seat, 9, seed cleaning roller, 10, driving gear, 11, seed gear ring driving bevel gear, 12, seed gear ring, 13, sealed air guide tube, 14, seed pushing pinion, 15, seed hole disc. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0083] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.

[0084] The invention discloses a pneumatic seed sowing device for mustard seed, which comprises a sowing box, a seed filling box, a seed sowing conduit and a driving assembly. The sowing box is fixedly connected with a group of seed filling boxes, and is fixedly connected with a group of seed sowing conduits and the driving assembly. The sowing box comprises a seed sowing tooth ring, a seed sowing tooth ring driving bevel gear, a sowing box seat, a seed sowing hole disc, a sealing air guide pipe, a seed cleaning roller, a seed sowing disc cover, a seed sowing disc seat, a sowing box upper cover, a follow-up seed pushing pinion and a driving gear. The upper part of the sowing box upper cover is a circular through hole, which is a central air inlet area. The sowing box upper cover is fixedly connected with the sowing box seat and the sealing air guide pipe. The sealing air guide pipe is fixedly connected with the sowing box seat. The sowing box seat is fixedly connected with the seed sowing hole disc. The seed sowing disc cover is fixedly connected with the seed sowing disc seat. The seed sowing disc seat is fixedly connected with the sowing box seat. The sowing box upper cover is connected with at least one driving gear through a gear shaft. The sowing box seat is connected with the seed sowing tooth ring. The seed sowing tooth ring is fixedly connected with the seed sowing tooth ring driving bevel gear. The seed sowing tooth ring driving bevel gear is engaged with the driving gear. The seed sowing disc seat is connected with a group of uniformly distributed seed cleaning rollers and a group of uniformly distributed follow-up seed pushing pinions. The follow-up seed pushing pinion is matched with the seed sowing tooth ring.

[0085] Four seed filling holes are arranged on the sowing box upper cover. Each seed filling hole is connected with a corresponding seed filling box.

[0086] Each seed filling hole corresponds to a corresponding seed sowing area of the seed sowing disc seat. The seed sowing area is four independent inclined surfaces. The seed sowing disc seat is a circular truncated cone with a through hole in the center. The four seed sowing inclined surfaces are uniformly distributed on the seed sowing disc seat. The seed cleaning roller is installed at the outlet of the seed sowing inclined surface to help the seed enter the seed sowing hole disc.

[0087] The seed sowing tooth ring is horizontally attached to the periphery of the seed sowing disc seat and is covered by the disc edge of the seed sowing disc seat. The seed sowing tooth ring is provided with horizontal grooves. When rotating, the seed in the groove is brought to the seed sowing hole of the seed sowing hole disc.

[0088] The seed sowing hole disc is attached below the seed sowing disc seat and the seed sowing tooth ring and is uniformly provided with four seed falling holes corresponding to the grooves of the seed sowing tooth ring. The seed enters the seed sowing airflow channel through the seed falling hole.

[0089] The seed falling hole is a through hole with a channel below the through hole, which is connected with the airflow channel and is aligned with the inlet of the seed sowing conduit.

[0090] The internal geometry of the seed guiding pipe 4 is the main factor affecting the jet seeding cluster, and different geometric cross-section mutations in the seed guiding pipe internal make the pressure and velocity distribution of the jet flow field different, and the final jet seeding effect is also different. Figure 9 For the three different cross-section mutations of the seed guiding pipe design, the device selects a conical cross-section change.

[0091] The seed guiding box seat 5 is uniformly provided with four air feeding channels, the channels are communicated with the outside, the bottom of the sealed air guide pipe 13 is cross-shaped, and the whole is installed on the seed guiding box seat 15 and is embedded with the air feeding channel to form a seal.

[0092] The seed guiding box seat 15 is uniformly provided with four seed guiding ports, each of the seed guiding ports is communicated with the corresponding air feeding channel and the seed falling hole, and each of the seed falling holes is arranged in the corresponding seed guiding port, so that the seeds can be discharged through the airflow, and four seed guiding pipes 4 are connected with the four seed guiding ports, which are used for accelerating the airflow of the seeds and meeting the seeding distance of four seeds.

[0093] The driving assembly includes a driving motor 6, the seed guiding box upper cover 1 is fixedly connected with the driving motor 6, the output shaft of the driving motor 6 is fixedly connected with a power gear, and the power gear is engaged with the corresponding driving gear 10.

[0094] The driving assembly further includes a driving control switch box 3, the seed guiding box upper cover 1 is fixedly connected with the driving control switch box 3, and the driving control switch box 3 is electrically connected with the driving motor 6.

[0095] A use method of the pneumatic jet seeding seed guiding device, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0096] S1: installing the device on a moving mechanism, and driving the device to realize forward movement, backward movement and turning through the moving mechanism;

[0097] S2: pouring the stem knot mustard seeds into the seed filling box 2, and connecting the sealed air guide pipe 13 with the air source;

[0098] S3: operating the moving mechanism to move, turning on the driving motor 6, driving the driving gear 10 to rotate through the driving motor 6, driving the seed guiding gear ring driving bevel gear 11 and the seed guiding gear ring 12 to rotate through the driving gear 10, and driving the follow-up seed ejecting pinion 14 to rotate through the seed guiding gear ring 12.

[0099] When the seed guiding device works stably, the linear velocity of the seed guiding gear ring working can be calculated through formula 1 combined with the parameters such as seeding time and seed distance:

[0100]

[0101] In the formula, V pV is the ring line speed of the seed boot;

[0102] d p D is the ring diameter of the seed boot;

[0103] S is the spacing of the stem mustard seed;

[0104] V m V is the forward speed of the planter;

[0105] t is the acceleration time of the seed in the seed boot;

[0106] Z is the number of seed slots of the seed boot.

[0107] With the increase of the line speed of the seed boot, the filling performance of the hole is reduced, and the limit line speed of the horizontal disc type seed boot is low, which is 0.3-0.35 m / s. The seed filling performance of the air type seed boot designed by the present application is better than that of the traditional horizontal disc type seed boot, which relies on the pressure of a large number of stem mustard seeds on the inclined surface of the seed boot seat to squeeze the seeds into the seed slot hole of the seed boot.

[0108] The V of the seed boot 12 is calculated by formula 2 g Limit line speed:

[0109]

[0110] H is the width of the seed slot of the seed boot;

[0111] d is the average diameter of the stem mustard seed;

[0112] d max D is the maximum diameter of the stem mustard seed;

[0113] a is the acceleration of the seed after being stressed;

[0114] After a period of time t, the stem mustard seed starts to accelerate in the seed boot under the action of the accelerating airflow, and the pipeline distance is L. The acceleration time t can be obtained by the following formula:

[0115]

[0116] a p is the acceleration;

[0117] d Z D is the equivalent diameter of the stem mustard seed;

[0118] ρ Z is the density of the stem mustard seed;

[0119] P m is the airflow thrust;

[0120] L is the accelerating distance of the seed tube;

[0121] The internal flow field of the high-speed seed discharge mechanism of the stem-nodule mustard seed belongs to the jet flow field of a narrow pipe, and the airflow is prone to vortex in the internal cavity of the seed disc seat 8, which can reduce the jet flow field of the stem-nodule mustard seed. The RNG k-turbulence model is used to calculate the turbulence in the stem-nodule mustard seed discharge device;

[0122]

[0123]

[0124] Wherein: k is the turbulent kinetic energy;

[0125] Epsilon is the dissipation rate of turbulent kinetic energy;

[0126] u i , u j is the time-averaged velocity component;

[0127] Rho g is the density of air;

[0128] X i , x j is the Cartesian coordinate component;

[0129] A k , a ε is the Prandtl number corresponding to k and epsilon, a k = a ε = 1.39;

[0130] Mu ef is the equivalent viscosity coefficient;

[0131] Is a function of the strain rate;

[0132] C 2ε is an empirical constant, C 2ε = 1.68;

[0133] G k is the production term of the turbulent kinetic energy k caused by the average velocity gradient;

[0134] Mu ef = mu + mu t (6)

[0135]

[0136]

[0137]

[0138]

[0139]

[0140] Where: C μ 、C 1ε is the empirical constant, C μ =0.084, C 1ε =1.42;

[0141] β is the coefficient of thermal expansion;

[0142] μ is the fluid dynamic viscosity;

[0143] μ t is the turbulent viscosity;

[0144] η is the ratio of the average time scale to the turbulent time scale, η0 is the typical value of η in shear flow η0 = 4.377;

[0145] E ij is the time-averaged strain rate;

[0146] i and j are unit vectors corresponding to the X and Y axes of the Cartesian coordinate system.

[0147] S4: The seeds in the seed filling box 2 enter the seeding disk seat 8 through the seed filling port, and the seeds roll into the seeding gear ring 12 through the inclined surface. A seed cleaning roller 9 is installed at the end of the inclined surface to prevent blockage caused by too many seeds, and to prevent the seeds from being unable to enter the groove of the seeding gear ring 12 due to excessive blockage. When the groove of the seeding gear ring 12 rotates to the seed drop hole corresponding to the seeding hole disk 15, the seeds fall into the air supply channel of the seeding box seat 5, and the high-pressure airflow is transported through the sealed air guide tube 13, and then diverted to four evenly distributed air supply channels, so that the seeds enter the seeding duct 4 under the action of the airflow, and are continuously accelerated by the airflow power and their own weight, and finally sowed into the soil.

[0148] This device is suitable for hilly and mountainous areas. It boasts the advantages of light weight, medium size, low power consumption, and moderate cost. The dimensions of its beam seeding box are 150mm × 150mm × 50mm; the number of seeds to be delivered is 4; the spacing between plants can be adjusted from 30mm to 40mm via the seeding guide tube; and the seeding speed can be adjusted by the drive motor 6.

[0149] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention description and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pneumatic seeding device for mustard seeds, comprising: A seeding box, a seed filling box (2), a seeding conduit (4) and a drive assembly; The shot seeding box is fixedly connected to a group of seed filling boxes (2), the shot seeding box is fixedly connected to a group of seed discharge ducts (4), and the shot seeding box is fixedly connected to the drive assembly; The seeding box comprises a seeding gear ring (12), a seeding gear ring driving bevel gear (11), a seeding box seat (5), a seeding hole plate (15), a sealed air guide tube (13), a seed cleaning roller (9), a seeding plate cover (7), a seeding plate seat (8), a seeding box upper cover (1), a follower seeding pinion (14) and a driving gear (10); The upper portion of the seeding box cover (1) is a circular through hole, the seeding box cover (1) is fixedly connected to the seeding box seat (5) and the sealed air guide tube (13), the sealed air guide tube (13) is fixedly connected to the seeding box seat (5), the seeding box seat (5) is fixedly connected to the seeding hole plate (15), the seeding plate cover (7) is fixedly connected to the seeding plate seat (8), and the seeding plate seat (8) is fixedly connected to the seeding box seat (5); The gear shaft of the seeding box upper cover (1) is connected to at least one driving gear (10), the seeding box seat (5) is connected to the seeding gear ring (12), the seeding gear ring (12) is fixedly connected to the seeding gear ring driving bevel gear (11), and the seeding gear ring driving bevel gear (11) is engaged with the driving gear (10); The seeding disc seat (8) is connected to a group of evenly distributed seed cleaning rollers (9) and a group of evenly distributed follow-up seed shifting pinions (14), and the follow-up seed shifting pinions (14) match the seeding gear ring (12); Four seed filling ports are provided on the seed box upper cover (1), and each seed filling port is connected to the corresponding seed filling box (2); Each of the seed filling ports corresponds to a corresponding seeding area of ​​the seeding disc seat (8), and the seeding area is composed of four independent inclined surfaces; The seeding tooth ring (12) is horizontally fitted on the periphery of the seeding disc seat (8) and is covered by the disc edge of the seeding disc seat (8). The seeding tooth ring (12) is provided with a horizontal groove; The seeding hole plate (15) is evenly distributed with four seeding holes, which can correspond to the grooves of the seeding tooth ring (12), and the seeds enter the seeding air flow channel through the seeding holes; Four air supply channels are evenly distributed on the seeding box seat (5), and the channels are connected to the outside. The bottom of the sealed air guide tube (13) is cross-shaped and is installed on the seeding box seat (5) as a whole, and is engaged with the air supply channels to form a seal.

2. The pneumatic seed metering device for mustard seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: Four seeding openings are evenly distributed on the outside of the seeding box seat (5), each seeding opening is respectively communicated with a corresponding air supply channel and the seeding hole, and each seeding hole is respectively arranged in the corresponding seeding opening.

3. The pneumatic seed metering device for mustard seeds according to claim 2, characterized in that: The drive assembly comprises a drive motor (6), the seed box upper cover (1) is fixedly connected to the drive motor (6), the output shaft of the drive motor (6) is fixedly connected to a power gear, and the power gear meshes with the corresponding drive gear (10).

4. The pneumatic seed metering device for mustard seeds according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driving assembly further comprises a driving control switch box (3), the seeding box upper cover (1) is fixedly connected to the driving control switch box (3), and the driving control switch box (3) is electrically connected to the driving motor (6).

5. A method for using the pneumatic seed metering device for mustard seeds according to claim 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Install the device on the mobile mechanism, and the mobile mechanism drives the device to move forward, backward and turn; S2: Pour the tumorous stem mustard seeds into the seed filling box (2), and connect the sealed air guide tube (13) to the air source; S3: Operate the moving mechanism to move, turn on the drive motor (6), the drive motor (6) drives the drive gear (10) to rotate, the drive gear (10) drives the seeding gear ring drive bevel gear (11) and the seeding gear ring (12) to rotate, and the seeding gear ring (12) drives the follower seeding pinion (14) to rotate; When the seeding device is working stably, the linear speed of the seeding gear ring can be calculated by combining parameters such as seeding time and seeding distance through formula 1: （1） Where: is the linear speed of the seeding gear ring; is the diameter of the seeding gear ring; is the spacing of tumorous stem mustard seeds; is the forward speed of the seeder; It is the acceleration time of seeds in the broadcasting device; The number of seed grooves in the seed ring; As the linear speed of the seeding disc increases, the energy filling performance of the shaped hole decreases. The limit linear speed of the horizontal disc seeding device is relatively low, which is 0.3-0.35 m / s. The seeding method of the pneumatic shooting seeding device designed in the present invention relies on the pressure of a large number of mustard seeds on the inclined surface of the seeding disc seat (8) to squeeze the seeds into the seed slot shaped holes of the seeding gear ring. The filling performance is better than the traditional horizontal disc type method of relying on the weight of the seeds to fall into the shaped hole. The seeding gear ring (12) is calculated by formula 2 Limit line speed: （2） in: The width of the seed groove of the seed ring; is the average diameter of tumorous stem mustard seeds; is the maximum diameter of the tumorous stem mustard seeds; is the acceleration of the seed after being subjected to force; After a period of time t Under the action of the accelerated airflow, the mustard seeds begin to accelerate in the seed tube. The distance between the tubes is L The acceleration time can be obtained by the following formula t : （3） in: is the acceleration; is the equivalent diameter of the tumorous stem mustard seed; is the seed density of tumorous stem mustard; is the airflow thrust; L It is the acceleration distance of the seeding pipeline; The internal flow field of the high-speed seeding mechanism of the tumorous mustard seeds belongs to the jet flow field of the narrow and long pipe. The airflow is easy to generate vortex in the internal cavity of the seeding disc seat (8), which will reduce the sowing effect of the jet flow field on the tumorous mustard seeds. The turbulence in the tumorous mustard seeding device is calculated by the RNG k-turbulence model. （4） （5） in: is the turbulent kinetic energy; is the dissipation rate of turbulent kinetic energy; 、 is the time-averaged velocity component; is the density of air; 、 are the Cartesian coordinate components; 、 For and The corresponding Prandtl number is, ; is the equivalent viscosity coefficient; is a function of strain rate; is an empirical constant, ; is the generation term of turbulent kinetic energy caused by the mean velocity gradient; （6） （7） （8） （9） （10） （11） in: 、 is an empirical constant, , ; is the coefficient of thermal expansion; is the fluid dynamic viscosity; is the turbulent viscosity; is the ratio of the average time scale to the turbulent time scale, yes Typical values ​​in shear flow ; is the time-averaged strain rate; S4: The seeds in the seed filling box (2) enter the seeding disc seat (8) through the seed filling port, and the seeds roll into the seeding tooth ring (12) through the inclined surface. A seed cleaning roller (9) is installed at the end of the inclined surface to prevent excessive seeds from causing blockage, and to prevent the seeds from being unable to enter the groove of the seeding tooth ring (12) due to excessive blockage. When the groove of the seeding tooth ring (12) rotates to the seed drop hole corresponding to the seeding hole disc (15), the seeds fall into the air supply channel of the seeding box seat (5), and the high-pressure air flow is transported through the sealed air guide tube (13), and then diverted to the four evenly distributed air supply channels, so that the seeds enter the seeding conduit (4) under the action of the air flow, and are continuously accelerated by the air flow power and their own weight, and finally shot into the soil.

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