A method and device for efficiently raising seedlings of undergrowth of bamboo in mountainous bamboo forest

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of mountainous bamboo forest undergrowth Indocalamus latifolius Efficient seedling raising method and device, including forest land selection, forest land arrangement, install seedling raising device, prepare seedling raising substrate, Indocalamus latifolius mother bamboo planting, forest land tending, these steps of collection bamboo seedling, the application solves the problem that mountainous bamboo forest is not conducive to the development of undergrowth composite management due to uneven terrain, heavy soil, barren and other reasons, is conducive to promoting the development and utilization of mountainous bamboo forest undergrowth space, realizes the efficient seedling raising of Indocalamus latifolius under bamboo forest. It can prevent the entanglement of bamboo and Indocalamus latifolius whip root, so as to facilitate the cultivation and excavation of Indocalamus latifolius seedling;It is conducive to the breaking of Indocalamus latifolius seedling, seedling and transportation, and improves the quality of Indocalamus latifolius seedling. Solve the problem of heavy soil, barren, less soil amount of seedling in mountainous bamboo forest undergrowth. Through autumn whip promotion, spring promotion, summer seedling promotion technology, improve the quantity and quality of Indocalamus latifolius seedling, and the traditional early spring seedling time is advanced to autumn, which is conducive to increasing the seedling period of Indocalamus latifolius seedling.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of bamboo seedling cultivation, in particular to a method and device for efficient seedling cultivation of under-forest Indocalamus latifolius in a mountainous bamboo forest. BACKGROUND

[0002] The bamboo forest area in China is 641.16 million hm 2 , accounting for 2.94% of the forest area, of which the Phyllostachys edulis forest is 467.78 million hm 2 , accounting for 72.96% of the bamboo forest area. The high-value operation of the Phyllostachys edulis forest is of great significance to the income increase and ecological environment improvement in the hilly and mountainous areas of southern China. In recent years, in the main distribution areas of Phyllostachys edulis such as Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi and Hunan, the under-forest cultivation of Chinese herbal medicines and edible fungi is in full swing. Due to the high requirements of under-forest cultivation of Chinese herbal medicines and edible fungi on the slope and soil fertility of the forest land, these compound operation modes are not suitable for a large number of Phyllostachys edulis forests located in remote areas, steep slopes, dangerous roads and soil compaction.

[0003] Indocalamus latifolius is a low shrub-like bamboo plant, which prefers warm and humid climate and shady and ventilated environment. Compared with Chinese herbal medicines and edible fungi, Indocalamus latifolius has stronger ecological adaptability to the mountainous terrain and poor forest soil environment. At the same time, the leaves of Indocalamus latifolius are large, which can be used as ornamental bamboo or leaf bamboo for directional cultivation, and have high economic value. Therefore, the demand for artificial cultivation of Indocalamus latifolius has gradually increased in recent years.

[0004] The compound operation mode of Indocalamus latifolius seedling cultivation under the mountainous Phyllostachys edulis forest can improve the utilization rate of the under-forest space and the economic benefit of the forest land, but there are the following problems in the seedling cultivation of Indocalamus latifolius under the mountainous Phyllostachys edulis forest:

[0005] (1) The original Phyllostachys edulis in the forest land has a developed rhizome system, which is distributed in different soil layers. The Phyllostachys edulis rhizome (0cm~60cm) is easy to entangle with the Indocalamus latifolius rhizome (0~30cm) planted under the forest, and it is difficult to dig and collect Indocalamus latifolius seedlings.

[0006] (2) The soil of the Phyllostachys edulis forest land is mostly red soil and yellow soil, which is heavy in texture and poor in nutrition. The Indocalamus latifolius seedling is easy to be damaged when digging, and the amount of soil carried by the rhizome is small.

[0007] (3) The conventional Indocalamus latifolius breeding process takes a long time, and usually adopts bare-root transplanting. The rhizome of the seedling is easy to be damaged during transportation, and the growth is difficult to recover.

[0008] Therefore, a method for rapid breeding and collection of Indocalamus latifolius seedlings under the mountainous Phyllostachys edulis forest is needed, which realizes the integrated management of Phyllostachys edulis forest cultivation and Indocalamus latifolius seedling cultivation under the forest, improves the shoot and material yield of the Phyllostachys edulis forest, and promotes the efficient breeding of Indocalamus latifolius seedlings under the forest. SUMMARY

[0009] The present application aims to overcome the problems in the background art, and provides a method and device for efficient seedling raising of undergrowth Indocalamus latifolius in mountain bamboo forest, which realizes zoned distribution of rhizome of Indocalamus latifolius and Phyllostachys edulis, improves the yield of Indocalamus latifolius seedlings and changes the conventional seedling supply season, improves the quality of Indocalamus latifolius seedlings through the innovation of the seedling raising and transportation device, and realizes recycling of forest land biological waste.

[0010] The purpose of the present application is mainly achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0011] A method for efficient seedling raising of undergrowth Indocalamus latifolius in mountain bamboo forest, comprising the following steps:

[0012] (1) Forest land selection: selecting a bamboo forest land with an altitude of 500 m to 1200 m, a slope of 25° to 45°, a slope direction of sunny or semi-sunny, a soil layer thickness of not less than 40 cm, and a forest canopy density of not more than 0.8;

[0013] (2) Forest land arrangement: arranging the slope land into a ladder along the contour line, the ladder width is 1.2 to 2.0 m, and the height difference between adjacent ladders is 0.5 to 1.0 m, adjusting the bamboo density of the bamboo forest, reserving 1 row of healthy bamboo per layer of ladder, the bamboo spacing is 2.5 m to 3 m, cutting off the weak and old bamboo, and removing other trees, shrubs and weeds in the forest land, so that the bamboo density of the bamboo forest is 1800 to 2700 per hectare, the average canopy density is 0.6 to 0.75, and the land in the bamboo forest is ploughed to a depth of 30 cm, and the broken rhizome, stones and sundries in the ploughed soil layer are removed; 2

[0014] (3) Installing seedling raising device: installing a seedling raising device between the bamboo of each layer of ladder to limit the entanglement of the rhizome of Indocalamus latifolius and Phyllostachys edulis, and to induce the new rhizome of Indocalamus latifolius in the device to grow, sprout, germinate and branch and leaf in the high-nutrient and loose and breathable substrate, so as to improve the quantity and quality of the undergrowth Indocalamus latifolius seedlings;

[0015] (4) Preparing seedling raising substrate: the substrate is measured by weight, including: 50 parts of the above-mentioned decomposed bamboo forest biological waste, 10 parts of decomposed cow and sheep manure, and 40 parts of original soil in the forest land, after the seedling raising substrate is disinfected by carbendazim, 0.5% of granular starch-based agricultural and forestry water retaining agent is added according to the weight of the substrate, and then the seedling raising substrate is put into the Indocalamus latifolius seedling box for use;

[0016] ​(5) Oligostachyum platypodum mother bamboo planting: In September each year, select 1-2 years old, ground diameter of more than 3 mm healthy disease-free Oligostachyum platypodum as mother bamboo, with bamboo seedlings as the center 30 cm place shovel off the bamboo whip, keep healthy 10 cm of the coming whip root and 15 cm of the going whip root, keep the soil on the whip root and healthy and full whip buds, cut off 2 / 3 of the branches and leaves of the mother plant, leave the stem height of 45-55 cm, keep 2-3 cm of the bamboo stem on the top end node, take 2-4 Oligostachyum platypodum as 1 cluster and bundle, fill the forest soil and the device top in the Oligostachyum platypodum mother bamboo area, open a trench in the middle of the Oligostachyum platypodum mother bamboo area, the trench is 20-25 cm deep, 30 cm wide and 2 m long, spread 3 kg of decomposed cow and sheep manure on the bottom of each trench and mix it with the bottom soil, plant 4 clusters of Oligostachyum platypodum mother bamboo in the trench at equal intervals, after backfilling the planting hole, pour water to fix the root, and the final Oligostachyum platypodum planting density is 6750-9000 clusters / hm 2 ;

[0017] (6) Forest tending: After Oligostachyum platypodum mother bamboo is newly planted or Oligostachyum platypodum seedling boxes are renewed in September each year, in the 50% area of the Oligostachyum platypodum mother bamboo area and the Oligostachyum platypodum seedling box close to the cutting ditch, apply a promoting whip agent to the soil or seedling substrate, in October, apply a promoting whip and sprout fertilizer to the Phyllostachys edulis and Oligostachyum platypodum at the same time, spread compound fertilizer once in the 50% area of the Oligostachyum platypodum mother bamboo area and the Oligostachyum platypodum seedling box close to the cutting ditch, apply commercial organic fertilizer with an organic matter content of ≥40% once in the Phyllostachys edulis stand area, in November-December, carry out bamboo harvesting and forest cleaning in the Phyllostachys edulis forest, all the bamboo with a degree of 3 or above and the diseased, insect-infested, wind-fallen and small-diameter bamboo with a degree of less than 3 are cut down by the way of cutting with a basket, the stem is cut into 2-3 m long and then dragged out of the forest through the Phyllostachys edulis transportation area for sale, the rest of the biological waste is collected and crushed for use, in February, apply a sprout fertilizer to the Phyllostachys edulis and Oligostachyum platypodum at the same time, spread compound fertilizer once in the Oligostachyum platypodum mother bamboo area and the Oligostachyum platypodum seedling box, and apply quick-acting fertilizer once in the Phyllostachys edulis stand area, in March-April, carry out Phyllostachys edulis shoot harvesting, which is carried out once every 2-3 days on average, the length of the Phyllostachys edulis shoot is required to reach 30-40 cm, and the whole is ensured to be complete during digging, after digging, cover the soil, the bamboo shoots with a length of more than 40 cm or the Phyllostachys edulis seedlings that have begun to grow in the node are also dug out and collected and crushed for use as biological waste, the number and position of the Phyllostachys edulis seedlings left for use are the same as those of the bamboo cut in winter, which ensures that the stand density and canopy density of the Phyllostachys edulis forest remain unchanged, in June, after the Oligostachyum platypodum new shoots sprout leaves, apply a high-nitrogen type macronutrient water-soluble fertilizer to the new shoots in the Oligostachyum platypodum seedling box, every 1 year, after the Oligostachyum platypodum seedling box is renewed in September and before the promoting whip agent is applied, thin the Oligostachyum platypodum old bamboo in the Oligostachyum platypodum mother bamboo area, cut off the old stems of the old bamboo with a degree of 3 years or above close to the ground, and dig out the old whip in the area with a radius of 5-10 cm at the base of the cut old stems, the cut old stems and the dug old whip are also crushed for composting, and decomposed cow and sheep manure is added to the hole where the old whip is dug out and then the original forest soil is backfilled, the amount of cow and sheep manure is 3 kg per Oligostachyum platypodum seedling device;

[0018] (7) Collection of bamboo seedlings: The mother bamboo of Oligostachyum lubricum can be used for seedling collection and utilization in the second year after planting. In September each year, the cutting ditch cover plate is opened, the bamboo whip connecting the mother bamboo area and the new bamboo in the bamboo seedling box is cut off with a knife, and the bamboo seedling box is taken out as a container seedling for transportation and sale. Then, a new bamboo seedling box is installed outside the cutting ditch, and the above-mentioned bamboo seedling substrate is filled in it, and a new round of bamboo seedling process is started.

[0019] Currently, planting personnel try to use the compound mode of Oligostachyum lubricum seedling under Phyllostachys edulis forest to improve the utilization rate of space under the forest and the economic benefit of forest land, but there are the following problems in Oligostachyum lubricum seedling under Phyllostachys edulis forest:

[0020] (1) The whip root system of the original Phyllostachys edulis in the forest is developed, and is distributed in different soil layers. The Phyllostachys edulis whip root (0cm~60cm) is easy to entangle with the Oligostachyum lubricum whip root (0~30cm) planted under the forest, and it is difficult to dig and collect Oligostachyum lubricum seedlings.

[0021] (2) The soil of the Phyllostachys edulis forest is mostly red soil and yellow soil, which is heavy and nutrient-poor. The whip root is easy to be damaged when digging Oligostachyum lubricum seedlings, and the amount of soil carried by the whip root is small.

[0022] (3) The conventional Oligostachyum lubricum breeding process takes a long time, and usually uses bare root transplanting, which is easy to cause damage to the root whip of the seedling during transportation, and it is difficult to recover.

[0023] In order to solve the above problems, the present scheme designs a method and device for efficient seedling of Oligostachyum lubricum under Phyllostachys edulis forest in mountainous area, which solves the problem that the uneven terrain and heavy and poor soil of the Phyllostachys edulis forest in the slope land are not conducive to the development of the compound management under the forest, which is conducive to promoting the development and utilization of the space under the Phyllostachys edulis forest in the mountainous area, and provides a method for efficient seedling of Oligostachyum lubricum under Phyllostachys edulis forest. By setting the seedling device, the whip root of Phyllostachys edulis and Oligostachyum lubricum is induced to be distributed in different zones, the yield of Oligostachyum lubricum seedlings is improved, and the conventional seedling season is changed. The quality of Oligostachyum lubricum seedlings is improved by the innovation of the seedling and transportation device, and the turnover utilization of forest biological waste is realized. The method realizes the integrated management of Phyllostachys edulis forest tending and Oligostachyum lubricum seedling under the forest, which not only improves the shoot and wood yield of Phyllostachys edulis forest, but also promotes the efficient breeding of Oligostachyum lubricum seedlings. The present application improves the quantity and quality of Oligostachyum lubricum seedlings through the autumn whip promotion, spring shoot promotion and summer seedling promotion technology, and advances the traditional early spring seedling time (2~3 months) to autumn (9~10 months), which is conducive to increasing the seedling period of Oligostachyum lubricum.

[0024] Further, the collection and composting process of the rotten bamboo forest biological waste is as follows:

[0025] (1) In November and December, bamboo harvesting and forest clearing are carried out, the cut bamboo shoots, branches, leaves, roots and undergrowth are mixed and crushed into 2-3 cm fragments, which are centrally stacked for use, covered with plastic film to prevent sun exposure and rain, but need to maintain air permeability;

[0026] (2) In March and April, when bamboo shoots are harvested, the removed shoot shells and cut shoot heads are crushed into 2-3 cm fragments and stacked on the winter materials for use;

[0027] (3) In July, the undergrowth of the bamboo forest is cleared, crushed into 2-3 cm fragments, and stored together with the previously stacked biological waste;

[0028] (4) In August, 2 kg of organic material decomposing agent is added to each ton of the previously collected biological waste fragments, mixed evenly, stacked to a height of more than 1.5 m, and covered with plastic film for more than 20 days before use. The plastic film should not be sealed during the decomposition process to maintain air permeability.

[0029] Through the above scheme, on the one hand, the problem of many dead branches and leaves in the bamboo forest, which are difficult to decompose and utilize, and poor landscape effect is solved. On the other hand, the problem of heavy and infertile soil in the bamboo forest on the slope, and the small amount of soil taken with the seedlings is solved. The substrate is loose and nutrient-rich, which is conducive to promoting the growth of bamboo cane roots and the germination of bamboo shoots.

[0030] Further, the promoting agent is IBA 60% + NAA 40%, with a concentration of 50 ppm, and the amount is 4 L per bamboo seedling device. The application method is continuous 3 times, with an interval of 1 week each time. The quick-acting fertilizer includes urea, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, and potassium sulfate, with a nitrogen content of 200-250 kg / hm 2 , a phosphorus content of 70-90 kg / hm 2 , and a potassium content of 35-45 kg / hm 2 . The use method is to evenly apply when the forest soil is wet after rain. The slow-release compound fertilizer has N+P2O5+K2O≥45%, N:P2O5:K2O=22:8:15. The amount in October is 500 g per bamboo seedling device, and the bamboo mother bamboo area: bamboo seedling box usage ratio is 4:1. The amount in February is 500 g per bamboo seedling device, and the bamboo mother bamboo area: bamboo seedling box usage ratio is 2:3. Through the above measures, the number and quality of bamboo seedlings are improved by promoting cane in autumn, promoting shoots in spring, and promoting seedlings in summer. The traditional early spring seedling time (February-March) is advanced to autumn (September-October), which is conducive to increasing the seedling supply period of bamboo.

[0031] A kind of mountainous bamboo forest undergrowth Indocalamus high-efficiency seedling device, including the hollow inside and the upper and lower ends opening Indocalamus mother bamboo area, one of the side walls of the Indocalamus mother bamboo area is provided with several whip grooves one, Indocalamus seedling box can be placed outside the Indocalamus mother bamboo area, the inside of Indocalamus seedling box is hollow and the top is open, the side wall of Indocalamus seedling box is provided with whip groove two, and the side wall provided with whip groove one and the side wall provided with whip groove two are close to each other;Cutting ditch top plate is arranged between the Indocalamus mother bamboo area and the Indocalamus seedling box, and the cutting ditch top plate is connected with the Indocalamus mother bamboo area and the Indocalamus seedling box simultaneously.The seedling device is installed between the bamboo of each layer of ladder, for limiting the entanglement of Indocalamus and bamboo whip root, directional induction device inside Indocalamus new whip is quickly elongated and grown in high-nutrient and loose and ventilated matrix, sprout, germination, branch and leaf expansion, improve the quantity and quality of undergrowth Indocalamus seedling, Indocalamus mother bamboo area is used for mother bamboo planting, Indocalamus seedling box is filled with seedling matrix, when Indocalamus whip root reaches Indocalamus seedling box through whip groove one and whip groove two and grows to a certain extent in seedling box, cutting ditch top plate can be opened to separate whip root, and Indocalamus seedling box is taken out.The device can prevent the entanglement of bamboo and Indocalamus whip root on the one hand, thereby being conducive to the cultivation and excavation of Indocalamus seedling;On the other hand, it is conducive to the cutting of Indocalamus seedling, seedling and transportation, and improves the quality of Indocalamus seedling.

[0032] Further, the Indocalamus mother bamboo area and the Indocalamus seedling box are spaced apart by 1 cm to form a bamboo whip cutting ditch.The area is hollow, and has a baffle on the left, right and bottom, and a cutting ditch top plate on the top.A fixing member is formed on the bottom of the cutting ditch top plate by protrusion, and a groove is formed in the side wall of the Indocalamus seedling box by concave.The fixing member is inserted into the groove.The cutting ditch top plate can be clamped between the Indocalamus mother bamboo area and the Indocalamus seedling box, and is fixed by inserting the fixing member into the groove, which can prevent soil and other debris from entering the bamboo whip cutting ditch, and fix the position of the Indocalamus seedling box.

[0033] A plurality of independent Indocalamus seedling boxes can be placed in the Indocalamus seedling area, and the number and size of the Indocalamus seedling boxes can be designed as needed, but the whip groove two is arranged on the side wall of each Indocalamus seedling box, so that the bamboo whip can pass through the whip groove two and enter the Indocalamus seedling box.

[0034] In summary, the present application has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0035] (1) The present application solves the problem that the uneven terrain, heavy and infertile soil of the slope bamboo forest is not conducive to the development of undergrowth composite management, which is conducive to promoting the development and utilization of the space of the mountainous slope bamboo forest undergrowth, and provides a method for the efficient seedling of Indocalamus in the bamboo forest undergrowth.

[0036] (2) The present application can prevent the entanglement of bamboo and Indocalamus whip root on the one hand, thereby being conducive to the cultivation and excavation of Indocalamus seedling;On the other hand, it is conducive to the cutting of Indocalamus seedling, seedling and transportation, and improves the quality of Indocalamus seedling.

[0037] (3) The present application solves the problems of many fallen branches and leaves under the bamboo forest, which are difficult to decompose and utilize, and poor landscape effect; and solves the problems of heavy and poor soil under the bamboo forest on the slope, and small amount of soil taken when the bamboo seedlings are transplanted. The substrate is loose and rich in nutrients, which is conducive to promoting the growth of Oligostachyum lubricum whip roots and sprout.

[0038] (4) The present application improves the quantity and quality of Oligostachyum lubricum seedlings through the techniques of promoting whip in autumn, promoting shoots in spring, and promoting seedlings in summer, and advances the traditional early spring seedling digging time (2-3 months) to autumn (9-10 months), which is conducive to increasing the seedling supply period of Oligostachyum lubricum. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0039] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the embodiments of the application. In the drawings:

[0040] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the whole seedling raising device.

[0041] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the Oligostachyum lubricum mother bamboo area.

[0042] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cutting ditch top plate.

[0043] Figure 4 It is an enlarged schematic diagram of A of the cutting ditch top plate.

[0044] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the Oligostachyum lubricum seedling box.

[0045] Figure 6 It is a layout top view of the present application.

[0046] Figure 7 It is a partial layout schematic diagram of the present application.

[0047] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the Oligostachyum lubricum mother bamboo planting.

[0048] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the Oligostachyum lubricum seedling growth.

[0049] The names corresponding to the reference signs in the drawings are:

[0050] 1-Oligostachyum lubricum mother bamboo area, 1-1-whip walking plate, 1-2-whip walking groove one, 2-cutting ditch top plate, 2-1-fixing part, 3-Oligostachyum lubricum seedling box, 3-1-whip walking groove two. EMBODIMENT

[0051] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. The illustrative specific embodiments and descriptions of this invention are only used to explain this invention and are not intended to limit this invention.

[0052] like Figures 6~9 As shown, there are numerous moso bamboo forests distributed on mountainous slopes in southern my country. The rugged terrain and thin, heavy clay soil conditions under these forests pose a severe challenge to the applicable integrated management models. This invention aims to provide a method and apparatus for efficient seedling cultivation of *Indocalamus stenoptera* under moso bamboo forests on slopes. This method induces the zonal distribution of rhizomes in moso bamboo and *Indocalamus stenoptera*, increases the yield of *Indocalamus stenoptera* seedlings, and alters the conventional seedling supply season. Innovations in seedling cultivation and transportation devices improve the quality of *Indocalamus stenoptera* seedlings and facilitate the recycling of forest biological waste.

[0053] This embodiment includes the following steps:

[0054] (1) Forest selection: Select bamboo forest land with an altitude of 500m~1200m, a slope of 25°~45°, a sunny or semi-sunny slope, a soil layer thickness of not less than 40cm, a forest canopy density of not more than 0.8, and good drainage;

[0055] (2) Forest land preparation: The sloping land is prepared into terraces along the contour lines. The width of the terraces varies from 1.2 to 2.0 meters depending on the terrain, and the height difference between adjacent terraces varies from 0.5 to 1.0 meters depending on the terrain. The density of the bamboo forest is adjusted, with one row of healthy bamboo retained on each terrace, and the spacing between the bamboos is 2.5 to 3 meters (i.e., row spacing of 1.2 to 2.0 meters and plant spacing of 2.5 to 3 meters). Weak and old bamboos are removed, and other trees, shrubs and weeds in the forest are cleared to ensure that the density of the bamboo forest is 1800 to 2700 plants / hm. 2 (120-180 trees / mu), with an average canopy closure of about 0.6-0.75. The land within the moso bamboo forest is tilled to a depth of 30cm, and broken rhizomes, stones, and debris are removed from the tilled soil.

[0056] (3) Install seedling raising device: Install seedling raising device between the moso bamboo on each step to limit the entanglement of the rhizomes of bamboo and moso bamboo. The new rhizomes of bamboo in the directional induction device grow rapidly in the highly nutritious and loose and breathable substrate, and develop shoots, sprout, and grow branches and leaves, thereby improving the quantity and quality of bamboo seedlings under the forest.

[0057] (4) Preparation of seedling substrate: Collection and composting process of biological waste from moso bamboo forest:

[0058] (1) 11~12 month bamboo timber and forest cutting, cutting down the bamboo shoots, leaves, roots and mixed crushed into 2~3 cm debris, concentrated for use, covered with plastic film to prevent sun and rain, but need to maintain the permeability.

[0059] (2) 3~4 month bamboo shoots, the shell and cut down the shoots crushed into 2~3 cm debris, stacked on the winter material for use.

[0060] (3) 7 month bamboo undergrowth, crushed into 2~3 cm debris and the aforementioned 2 times stored together with the biological waste.

[0061] (4) 8 month, in the aforementioned collection of biological waste debris, each ton of organic material 2 kg mixed evenly, stacked 1.5 m or more and covered with plastic film 20 days or more can be used, the plastic film during the composting process can not be sealed, to maintain the permeability.

[0062] The bamboo shoot substrate is measured by weight, including: the above-mentioned rotten bamboo forest biological waste 50 parts, rotten cow and sheep manure 10 parts, forest soil 40 parts. The seedling substrate is disinfected by carbendazim, and 0.5% of the granular starch type agricultural and forestry water retaining agent is added according to the weight of the substrate, and then put into the bamboo shoot breeding box for use. The specific method of carbendazim disinfection is as follows: 4g of carbendazim is used per kilogram of substrate, the carbendazim powder is dissolved in a ratio of 1:50, then mixed with the substrate, sealed with plastic film for 2~3 days, and used after the smell of the drug solution disappears.

[0063] (5) The bamboo shoot substrate is measured by weight, including: the above-mentioned rotten bamboo forest biological waste 50 parts, rotten cow and sheep manure 10 parts, forest soil 40 parts. The seedling substrate is disinfected by carbendazim, and 0.5% of the granular starch type agricultural and forestry water retaining agent is added according to the weight of the substrate, and then put into the bamboo shoot breeding box for use. The specific method of carbendazim disinfection is as follows: 4g of carbendazim is used per kilogram of substrate, the carbendazim powder is dissolved in a ratio of 1:50, then mixed with the substrate, sealed with plastic film for 2~3 days, and used after the smell of the drug solution disappears.

[0064] 9 month, select 1~2 years, 3mm above ground diameter (5~8mm best) healthy disease-free bamboo as mother bamboo, cut off the bamboo whip at 30cm around the bamboo shoot, keep the healthy and full whip root 10cm, the away whip root 15cm, keep the soil on the whip root and the healthy and full whip bud. Cut off 2 / 3 of the branches and leaves of the mother plant, leave the stem height at 45~55cm, and keep 2~3cm of the bamboo shoot on the top end. After taking the seedling, neatly place it, and bundle it with 2~4 bamboo shoots as a cluster for easy transportation. Pay attention to protect the whip root and whip bud during transportation.

[0065] Fill the bamboo area with forest soil and make it level with the top of the device. Dig a trench in the middle of the bamboo area, with a depth of 20-25 cm, a width of 30 cm, and a length of 2 m. Spread 3 kg of decomposed cow and sheep manure on the bottom of each trench and mix it with the soil. Plant 4 clusters of bamboo (2-4 shoots per cluster) evenly spaced in the trench. After filling the planting hole, water thoroughly to help the bamboo roots take hold. The final bamboo planting density is 6750-9000 clusters per hectare 2 (450-600 clusters per mu);

[0066] (6) In September, after the new bamboo planting or the bamboo nursery box is updated (bamboo whip cutting and seedling collection), apply a whiplash agent (formula: IBA 60% + NAA 40%, concentration: 50 ppm, dosage: 4 L / bamboo nursery device, application method: 3 times in a row, 1 week apart) to the soil or nursery substrate in the 50% area near the cutting trench in the bamboo area and bamboo nursery box.

[0067] In October, apply a whiplash sprout fertilizer to both bamboo and bamboo. Apply slow-release compound fertilizer once in the 50% area near the cutting trench in the bamboo area and bamboo nursery box (N+P2O5+K2O≥45%, N:P2O5:K2O=22:8:15, dosage 500g / bamboo nursery device, bamboo area:bamboo nursery box dosage ratio 4:1). Apply commercial organic fertilizer with organic matter content ≥40% once in the bamboo area (dosage: 3000kg / hm 2 , method: spread and then mix into the soil by tilling).

[0068] In November-December, carry out bamboo harvesting and forest cleaning in the bamboo forest. All bamboo with a diameter of 3 degrees or more, as well as diseased, insect-infested, and wind-fallen bamboo with a diameter of less than 3 degrees, are harvested using a bamboo rake. The culm material is cut to a length of 2-3 m and then dragged out of the forest through the bamboo transport area for sale. The remaining biological waste is collected and crushed on site for use.

[0069] In February, apply a sprout fertilizer to both bamboo and bamboo. Apply slow-release compound fertilizer once in the bamboo area and bamboo nursery box (N+P2O5+K2O≥45%, N:P2O5:K2O=22:8:15, dosage 500g / bamboo nursery device, bamboo area:bamboo nursery box dosage ratio 2:3). Apply quick-acting fertilizer once in the bamboo area, including urea, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, and potassium sulfate (dosage: nitrogen content 200-250 kg / hm 2 , phosphorus content 70-90 kg / hm 2 , potassium content 35-45 kg / hm 2 , method: evenly spread when the forest soil is moist after rain).

[0070] Harvesting of moso bamboo shoots takes place from March to April, averaging every 2-3 days. Shoots should be 30-40cm in length, ensuring they remain intact during digging and are covered with soil afterward. Shoots exceeding 40cm or bamboo seedlings already elongating, if unsuitable for shoot production or for retention as new bamboo, should also be dug up and collected as biological waste for crushing and utilization. The quantity and location of retained bamboo shoots should be consistent with the quantity and location of bamboo harvested in winter to maintain consistent bamboo density and canopy closure within the moso bamboo forest.

[0071] In June, after the new shoots of the bamboo shoots sprout and unfold their leaves, apply a high-nitrogen water-soluble fertilizer containing macro-elements (N:P2O5:K2O≥50%, N:P2O5:K2O=25:10:15, the application method is to spray the leaves with a 1000-fold dilution for 3 consecutive times, with an interval of 15-20 days between each application).

[0072] Every year, after the seedling trays are replaced in September and before the application of the rhizome-promoting agent, the old bamboo in the mother bamboo area is thinned out. All culms 3 years and older are pruned close to the ground, and all rhizomes within a 5-10cm radius of the base of the pruned culms are removed. Both the pruned culms and the removed rhizomes are pulverized and used for compost. Well-rotted cow or sheep manure is added to the pits where the rhizomes were removed, and the pits are backfilled with the original forest soil. The amount of cow or sheep manure used is 3 kg per seedling tray.

[0073] (7) Collection of bamboo seedlings: The collection and utilization of bamboo seedlings can begin in the second year after the mother bamboo is planted. Every September, open the cover of the cutting trench, cut the rhizomes connecting the mother bamboo area and the new bamboo in the bamboo seedling box with a knife, and take out the bamboo seedling box, which can then be loaded onto a truck for sale as container seedlings. Subsequently, install new bamboo seedling boxes on the outside of the cutting trench and fill them with the above-mentioned bamboo seedling substrate to start a new round of bamboo seedling cultivation. If some bamboo seedlings in the bamboo seedling box do not grow well, they can be left to grow for another six months to one year before cutting off the rhizomes connecting them to the mother bamboo area for sale as container seedlings.

[0074] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, a kind of mountain bamboo undergrowth Indocalamus latifolius efficient seedling device, including inside hollow and upper and lower two ends opening Indocalamus latifolius mother bamboo area 1, Indocalamus latifolius mother bamboo area 1 overall is rectangular, long 2.0m, wide 0.6m, high 0.3m.Hollow up and down, left and right sides have baffle, all vertical to contour, for mother bamboo planting, Indocalamus latifolius mother bamboo area 1 one side wall is whip board 1-1, there are 3 rows 3 columns long 10cm, wide 1.5cm whip groove one 1-2 on whip board 1-1, to facilitate the whip root of Indocalamus latifolius reaches seedling box 3, a plurality of Indocalamus latifolius seedling boxes 3 are provided outside Indocalamus latifolius mother bamboo area 1, the overall length and width of Indocalamus latifolius seedling box 3 is 40cm, high 30cm.Outside top has baffle, 5 Indocalamus latifolius seedling boxes 3 are closely arranged in turn, Indocalamus latifolius seedling box 3 is close to the side wall of Indocalamus latifolius mother bamboo area 1 and is distributed with 3 rows 3 columns long 10cm, wide 1.5cm whip groove two 3-1, Indocalamus latifolius seedling box 3 is filled with seedling substrate, when the whip root of Indocalamus latifolius reaches Indocalamus latifolius seedling box 3 after passing through whip groove one 1-2 and whip groove two 3-1 and grows to a certain extent in Indocalamus latifolius seedling box 3, then cutting ditch top plate 2 can be opened to cut off the whip root, and the seedling box is taken out.

[0075] Indocalamus latifolius mother bamboo area 1 and Indocalamus latifolius seedling box 3 are spaced 1cm, for bamboo whip cutting ditch.The area is hollow, and the left and right sides and the bottom are provided with baffles, and the top is provided with cutting ditch top plate 2.The bottom of cutting ditch top plate 2 is protruded to form a fixing part 2-1, the side wall of Indocalamus latifolius seedling box 3 is recessed to form a groove, the fixing part 2-1 is inserted into the groove, the bottom of cutting ditch top plate is provided with a cutting ditch fixing groove with a length of 1.96m and a width of 1cm, and the region close to the Indocalamus latifolius seedling box is provided with ten seedling box fixing parts.Cutting ditch top plate 2 can be clamped between Indocalamus latifolius mother bamboo area 1 and Indocalamus latifolius seedling box 3, which can prevent soil and sundries from entering the bamboo whip cutting ditch and fix the position of Indocalamus latifolius seedling box.

[0076] The present application solves the problem that the uneven terrain, heavy and poor soil of the slope bamboo forest is not conducive to the development of undergrowth composite management, which is beneficial to promote the development and utilization of the space of the mountain slope bamboo undergrowth, and provides a method for efficient seedling of Indocalamus latifolius under bamboo forest.The present application can prevent the entanglement of bamboo and Indocalamus latifolius whip root, thereby facilitating the cultivation and excavation of Indocalamus latifolius seedlings;On the other hand, it is beneficial to the whip cutting, seedling raising and transportation of Indocalamus latifolius seedlings, and improves the quality of Indocalamus latifolius seedlings.The present application solves the problems of many dry branches and fallen leaves in bamboo undergrowth, difficult to decompose and use, and poor landscape effect;On the other hand, it solves the problems of heavy and poor soil of the slope bamboo undergrowth, and less soil during seedling raising.The substrate is loose and nutrient-rich, which is beneficial to promote the growth of Indocalamus latifolius whip root and sprout bud.The present application improves the quantity and quality of Indocalamus latifolius seedlings through the whip promotion in autumn, sprout promotion in spring and seedling promotion in summer, and advances the traditional early spring seedling time (2-3 months) to autumn (9-10 months), which is beneficial to increase the seedling supply period of Indocalamus latifolius.

[0077] The above detailed description of the specific implementation is further detailed for the purpose, technical solution and beneficial effect of the present application, and it should be understood that the above is only the specific implementation of the present application and is not used to limit the protection scope of the present application, and any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for efficient seedling cultivation of *Indocalamus stenoptera* under *Phyllostachys edulis* forests in mountainous areas, characterized by: Includes the following steps: (1) Forest selection: Select bamboo forest land with an altitude of 500m~1200m, a slope of 25°~45°, a sunny or semi-sunny slope, a soil layer thickness of not less than 40cm, and a forest canopy density of not more than 0.

8. (2) Forest land preparation: The sloping land is prepared into terraces along the contour lines. The width of the terraces varies from 1.2 to 2.0 meters depending on the terrain, and the height difference between adjacent terraces varies from 0.5 to 1.0 meters depending on the terrain. The density of the moso bamboo forest is adjusted. One row of healthy moso bamboo is retained on each terrace, with a spacing of 2.5 to 3 meters between the bamboos. Weak and old bamboos are removed, and other trees, shrubs and weeds in the forest are cleared to ensure that the density of the moso bamboo forest is 1800 to 2700 plants / hm. 2 The average canopy closure is 0.6~0.

75. The land in the moso bamboo forest is tilled to a depth of 30cm, and broken rhizomes, stones and debris in the tilled soil are cleared. (3) Install seedling raising devices between the bamboos on each step. The seedling raising device includes a hollow mother bamboo area (1) with openings at both the top and bottom. One side wall of the mother bamboo area (1) is provided with several creeping grooves (1-2). Several bamboo seedling boxes (3) are set outside the mother bamboo area (1). The bamboo seedling boxes (3) are hollow inside and open at the top. The side walls of the bamboo seedling boxes (3) are provided with creeping grooves (3-1). The side wall with the first (1-2) walking groove and the side wall with the second (3-1) walking groove are close to each other; a cutting groove top plate (2) is provided between the mother bamboo area (1) and the mother bamboo seedling box (3), and the cutting groove top plate (2) is connected to both the mother bamboo area (1) and the mother bamboo seedling box (3); the bottom of the cutting groove top plate (2) is raised to form a fixing piece (2-1), and the side wall of the mother bamboo seedling box (3) is recessed to form a groove, and the fixing piece (2-1) is inserted into the groove; (4) Prepare seedling substrate: The substrate is measured by weight, and the prepared seedling substrate is placed in the bamboo seedling box for use; (5) Planting of mother bamboo: In September each year, select healthy, disease-free mother bamboo that is 1-2 years old and has a ground diameter of more than 3mm. Cut the rhizome 30cm from the center of the bamboo seedling, retaining 10cm of the strong rhizome root from the direction of origin and 15cm of the rhizome root from the direction of departure. Retain the soil and healthy, plump rhizome buds on the rhizome root. Cut off 2 / 3 of the branches and leaves of the mother plant, leaving a culm height of 45-55cm. Retain 2-3cm of bamboo culm above the top node. Plant 2-4 culms of mother bamboo. Bundle the bamboo clumps together. Fill the mother bamboo area of ​​the seedling device with forest soil until it is level with the top of the device. Dig a horizontal trench in the middle of the mother bamboo area, 20-25 cm deep, 30 cm wide, and 2 m long. Spread 3 kg of well-rotted cow or sheep manure at the bottom of each trench and mix it with the bottom soil. Plant 4 clumps of mother bamboo evenly spaced in the trench. After backfilling the planting holes, water thoroughly to settle the roots. The final planting density of bamboo is 6750-9000 clumps / hm². 2 ; (6) Forest tending; (7) Collecting bamboo seedlings: The second year after the planting of the mother bamboo can be used to collect and utilize the bamboo seedlings. Every September, open the cover of the cutting trench, cut the rhizomes connecting the mother bamboo area and the new bamboo in the bamboo seedling box with a knife, take out the bamboo seedling box, and load it as a container seedling for transport and sale. Then, install a new bamboo seedling box on the outside of the cutting trench and fill it with bamboo seedling substrate to start a new round of bamboo seedling cultivation.

2. The method for efficient seedling cultivation of *Indocalamus stenoptera* under *Phyllostachys edulis* forests in mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seedling substrate consists of 50 parts of well-rotted bamboo forest biological waste, 10 parts of well-rotted cow and sheep manure, and 40 parts of original forest soil. After the seedling substrate is disinfected and sterilized with carbendazim, granular starch-based agricultural and forestry water-retaining agent is added at 0.5% of the substrate weight.

3. The method for efficient seedling cultivation of *Indocalamus stenoptera* under *Phyllostachys edulis* forests in mountainous areas according to claim 2, characterized in that: The process for collecting and composting the decomposed bamboo forest biological waste is as follows: (1) Bamboo harvesting and forest clearing are carried out in November and December. The cut bamboo culms, branches, leaves, roots and understory grasses are mixed and crushed into 2-3 cm pieces, piled up for later use, and covered with plastic film to prevent sun and rain, but must be breathable. (2) When harvesting bamboo shoots in March and April, the peeled bamboo shoot shells and the cut bamboo shoot heads are crushed into 2-3cm pieces and piled on top of the winter materials for later use. (3) In July, clear the weeds under the bamboo forest, crush them into 2-3cm pieces and store them together with the biological waste piled up in the previous two times; (4) In August, add 2 kg of organic material composting agent per ton to the collected biological waste debris, mix evenly, pile up to a height of more than 1.5m and cover with plastic film for more than 20 days before use. During the composting process, the plastic film should not be sealed and should be kept breathable.

4. The method for efficient seedling cultivation of *Indocalamus stenoptera* under *Phyllostachys edulis* forests in mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seedling raising device restricts the entanglement of the rhizomes of *Indocalamus latae* and *Phyllostachys pubescens*. The new rhizomes of *Indocalamus latae* in the directional induction device grow rapidly in a highly nutritious and loosely breathable substrate, producing shoots, buds, branches, and leaves, thereby improving the quantity and quality of *Indocalamus latae* seedlings under the forest canopy.

5. The method for efficient seedling cultivation of *Indocalamus stenoptera* under *Phyllostachys edulis* forests in mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: Every September, after the new planting of *Indocalamus stenoptera* mother bamboo or after the replacement of *Indocalamus stenoptera* seedling trays, apply a shoot-promoting agent to the soil or seedling substrate in the *Indocalamus stenoptera* mother bamboo area and 50% of the area near the cutting trench of the *Indocalamus stenoptera* seedling trays. In October, apply shoot-promoting fertilizer to both *Indocalamus stenoptera* and *Indocalamus stenoptera*. Apply slow-release compound fertilizer once in the *Indocalamus stenoptera* mother bamboo area and 50% of the area near the cutting trench of the *Indocalamus stenoptera* seedling trays. Apply commercial organic fertilizer with an organic matter content of ≥40% once in the *Indocalamus stenoptera* standing bamboo area. From November to December, harvest the bamboo and clear the forest land. Bamboo with a diameter of 3 degrees or higher, as well as diseased, insect-infested, wind-fallen, and small-diameter bamboo with a diameter of less than 3 degrees, are all harvested using the basket-style felling method. The culms are cut to 2-3 meters in length and then dragged out of the forest for sale via the bamboo transport area. Other biological waste is collected and crushed on-site. In February, fast-acting compound fertilizer is applied simultaneously to both moso bamboo and *Indocalamus stenoptera* to promote shoot growth. Slow-release compound fertilizer is applied once to the *Indocalamus stenoptera* mother bamboo area and seedling boxes, and fast-acting chemical fertilizer is applied once to the moso bamboo standing bamboo area. Moso bamboo shoots are harvested in March and April. Harvesting occurs every 2-3 days on average. Bamboo shoots should be 30-40cm in length. During digging, ensure the shoots are intact and cover them with soil after digging. Bamboo shoots exceeding 40cm or bamboo seedlings already elongating should also be dug up if unsuitable for shoot production or for the location and density of new bamboo seedlings. These should be collected and crushed as biological waste. The number and location of bamboo shoots retained should be consistent with the number and location of bamboo harvested in winter to maintain the same bamboo density and canopy closure. In June, after the new bamboo shoots of *Indocalamus* sprout and unfold their leaves, the *Indocalamus* seedling trays... High-nitrogen water-soluble fertilizer with macro-elements is applied to the new bamboo. Every year, after the bamboo seedling boxes are replaced in September and before the application of the rhizome-promoting agent, the old bamboo in the bamboo mother bamboo area is thinned. All old stalks older than 3 years are pruned close to the ground, and all old rhizomes within a radius of 5-10cm from the base of the pruned old stalks are dug up. The pruned old stalks and dug-up old rhizomes are crushed and used for composting. Well-rotted cow and sheep manure is added to the pits where old rhizomes were dug up and the original forest soil is backfilled. The amount of cow and sheep manure used in each bamboo seedling device is 3kg.

6. The method for efficient seedling cultivation of *Indocalamus stenoptera* under *Phyllostachys edulis* forests according to claim 5, characterized in that: The stimulant is IBA 60% + NAA 40%, with a stimulant concentration of 50 ppm. The dosage for each bamboo seedling device is 4 L, and the application method is to apply it three times consecutively, with an interval of one week between each application.

7. A method for efficient seedling cultivation of *Indocalamus stenoptera* under mountain bamboo forests according to claim 5, characterized in that: The slow-release compound fertilizer contains N+P2O5+K2O≥45%, and N:P2O5:K2O=22:8:

15.

8. A method for efficient seedling cultivation of *Indocalamus stenoptera* under *Phyllostachys edulis* forests in mountainous areas, as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The fast-acting fertilizer includes urea, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, and potassium sulfate, and the dosage is 200-250 kg / hm² of nitrogen content. 2 Phosphorus content 70-90 kg / hm 2 Potassium content is 35-45 kg / hm² 2 The method of application is to spread it evenly when the forest soil is moist after rain.

9. The method for efficient seedling cultivation of *Indocalamus stenoptera* under *Phyllostachys edulis* forests in mountainous areas according to claim 5, characterized in that: The high-nitrogen water-soluble fertilizer contains N:P2O5:K2O ≥ 50%, with N:P2O5:K2O = 25:10:

15. The application method is to spray the leaves with a 1000-fold dilution for three consecutive times, with an interval of 15-20 days between each application.

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