Preparation method of acetylene hydrochlorination reaction catalyst, product and application thereof
By preparing a nitrogen-phosphorus dual-doped carbon substrate supported copper single-atom catalyst, the problems of insufficient activity and stability of non-mercury-based catalysts were solved, achieving a highly efficient acetylene hydrochlorination reaction, improving acetylene conversion and vinyl chloride selectivity, and reducing costs.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SHIHEZI UNIVERSITY
- Filing Date
- 2023-11-21
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-29
AI Technical Summary
In existing industrial acetylene hydrochlorination reactions, the activity and stability of non-mercury-based catalysts are insufficient, making it difficult to meet industrial requirements for acetylene conversion and vinyl chloride selectivity. Furthermore, precious metal catalysts are expensive, while non-metallic catalysts have low activity.
A copper-based catalyst was prepared by using a mixture of copper, nitrogen, and phosphorus sources as precursors and by heating, calcination, and acid treatment. This resulted in a copper single-atom catalyst supported on a nitrogen-phosphorus dual-doped carbon substrate. The catalyst preparation process was optimized to improve its activity and stability.
The prepared catalyst exhibits high stability and high activity in the acetylene hydrochlorination reaction, significantly improving the acetylene conversion and vinyl chloride selectivity, with an initial conversion rate of 86.76%. Its stability is superior to that of traditional methods, and the cost is lower.
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Figure CN117504913B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of acetylene hydrochlorination reaction catalyst technology, specifically relating to a method for preparing an acetylene hydrochlorination reaction catalyst, its product, and its application. Background Technology
[0002] As one of the three major general-purpose resins, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is experiencing a global demand growth rate of 2.3% annually. It is projected that PVC production capacity will reach 56.2 million tons by 2026, making my country the world's largest PVC producer. Currently, the main synthesis routes for vinyl chloride are the ethylene method, the acetylene method, and a combined method. Considering my country's energy structure and the need to ensure energy security, the calcium carbide acetylene method remains the primary reaction route for vinyl chloride synthesis in my country.
[0003] Currently, industrial-scale acetylene hydrochlorination processes primarily utilize supported mercury-based catalysts in fixed-bed reactions. However, due to the resource and environmental issues associated with mercury-based catalysts, developing green, non-mercury-based catalysts is crucial for the sustainable development of acetylene hydrochlorination. Research on non-mercury catalysts mainly focuses on both metal and non-metal catalysts. While noble metal catalysts (Au, Ru, Pd, etc.) exhibit high catalytic activity, their high cost limits their industrial application. Non-metallic catalysts, although cheaper than noble metal catalysts, also fail to meet industrial requirements due to their lower catalytic activity. Cu-based catalysts, as a non-noble metal catalyst with superior catalytic activity, abundant resources, and low cost, have become a research hotspot. In recent years, although significant progress has been made in research on copper-based catalysts, improving their activity and stability remains a challenge. Therefore, developing a green, economical, and efficient copper-based catalyst is a key issue for the sustainable development of the vinyl chloride industry and has significant research implications. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this section is to outline some aspects of the embodiments of the present invention and to briefly describe some preferred embodiments.
[0005] As one aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a method for preparing an acetylene hydrochlorination reaction catalyst: copper source, nitrogen source and solvent are stirred evenly, phosphorus source is added, stirred thoroughly at room temperature, and then dried at 80°C for 24 hours to obtain the precursor. The precursor is calcined and kept at a temperature of 10°C / min under a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a solid powder, which is then treated with nitric acid for 6 hours, washed with deionized water until neutral, and dried at 120°C for 12 hours.
[0006] The nitrogen sources include: 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, 2-methylimidazolium, pyridine, etc.
[0007] Furthermore, the phosphorus source is triphenylphosphine, tetraphenylphosphine bromide, tetraphenylphosphine chloride, etc.
[0008] Furthermore, the copper source is one or more of copper chloride, copper nitrate, etc.
[0009] Furthermore, the molar ratio of the phosphorus source to the copper source is 0.75-1.5:2, and the molar ratio of the nitrogen source to the copper source is 1.
[0010] Furthermore, the calcination temperature is 600℃-800℃.
[0011] Preferably, the active component is a copper chloride.
[0012] Preferably, the nitrogen source is 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide.
[0013] Preferably, the phosphorus source is tetraphenylphosphine bromide.
[0014] Preferably, the molar ratio of the nitrogen source, copper source and phosphorus source is 1:1:0.5.
[0015] Preferably, the calcination temperature is 700℃ and the holding time is 4 hours.
[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The acetylene hydrochlorination catalyst prepared by this invention overcomes the limitations of low conversion rate and poor stability of non-precious metal copper-based catalysts for the acetylene hydrochlorination reaction. By optimizing the catalyst preparation method, this invention yields a catalyst with high stability and high activity. Attached Figure Description
[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Wherein:
[0018] Figure 1 The experimental results are shown in the figure. Figure 2 Characterization data diagram for an example; Figure 3 The results of C2H2-TPD and HCl-TPD in the examples are shown. Detailed Implementation
[0019] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples.
[0020] Example 1
[0021] The specific operating steps are as follows:
[0022] S1: Dissolve copper chloride and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide in ethanol, mix well, and obtain the active component solution.
[0023] S2: Add tetraphenylphosphine bromide to the above solution and stir thoroughly for 4 hours.
[0024] S3: Remove the solvent at 80°C and dry the mixture for 12 hours.
[0025] The molar ratio of copper chloride to 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide is 1, and the molar ratio of tetraphenylphosphine bromide to copper chloride is 0.5.
[0026] S4: Place 3g of the mixture in an alumina boat and heat it to 700℃ at a rate of 10℃ per minute under a nitrogen atmosphere, then hold at that temperature for 4 hours. After cooling to room temperature, a black solid is obtained.
[0027] S5: Grind the obtained solid thoroughly, treat it in nitric acid for 6 hours, then wash it with deionized water until neutral, and dry it in a forced-air drying oven at 120℃ for 12 hours. Name it Cu / NPC.
[0028] S6: Take 1 ml of the obtained catalyst and place it into a fixed-bed reactor. Under the reaction conditions of hydrogen chloride activation for 30 min and acetylene space velocity of 90 h⁻¹, the reaction is carried out. -1 The reaction temperature is 180℃, and the feed gas ratio is V. C2H2 ∶V HCl =1∶1.15, under these reaction conditions, the catalytic hydrochlorination of acetylene yielded an initial conversion of 86.76% ± 1.12, and after 12 h of reaction, the acetylene conversion was 87.92% ± 1.88, with a selectivity of vinyl chloride greater than 97%.
[0029] The catalyst was characterized. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that Cu, N, and P elements were successfully incorporated into the carbon substrate and uniformly dispersed. Aberration-corrected electron microscopy showed that Cu was atomically dispersed on the carbon substrate. Furthermore, synchrotron radiation analysis of the catalyst's local structure showed that the copper sites existed in single-atom form, with a low fitting coordination number and no Cu-P coordination structure observed, indicating a Cu-N coordination configuration. Near-edge data analysis showed that copper existed in an oxidized state, consistent with XPS data. These data collectively demonstrate the successful synthesis of a single-atom copper catalyst supported on a nitrogen-phosphorus dual-doped carbon substrate. Simultaneously, temperature-programmed adsorption-desorption tests were performed on Examples 1, 2, and 3. The results showed that Example 1 exhibited strong adsorption and activation capabilities for acetylene and hydrogen chloride, demonstrating superior catalytic performance.
[0030] Example 2
[0031] The specific steps are as follows:
[0032] S1: Dissolve copper chloride and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide in ethanol, mix well, and obtain the active component solution.
[0033] The molar ratio of copper chloride to 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide is 1.
[0034] S2: Remove the solvent at 80°C and dry the mixture for 12 hours.
[0035] S3: Place 3g of the mixture in an alumina boat and heat it to 700℃ at a rate of 10℃ per minute under a nitrogen atmosphere, then hold at that temperature for 4 hours. After cooling to room temperature, a black solid is obtained.
[0036] S4: Grind the obtained solid thoroughly, treat it in nitric acid for 6 hours, then wash it with deionized water until neutral, and dry it in a forced-air drying oven at 120℃ for 12 hours. Name it Cu / NC.
[0037] S5: Take 1 ml of the obtained catalyst and put it into a fixed-bed reactor. Under the reaction conditions of hydrogen chloride activation for 30 min and acetylene space velocity of 90 h⁻¹, the reaction is carried out. -1 The reaction temperature is 180℃, and the feed gas ratio is V. C2H2 ∶V HCl With a ratio of 1:1.15, under these reaction conditions, the catalytic hydrochlorination of acetylene yielded an initial conversion rate of 65.7%, a conversion rate of 42.2% after 12 hours of reaction, and a selectivity of greater than 97% for vinyl chloride.
[0038] Example 3
[0039] The specific steps are as follows:
[0040] S1: Dissolve copper chloride and tetraphenylphosphine bromide in ethanol, mix well, and obtain an active component solution.
[0041] The molar ratio of copper chloride to tetraphenylphosphine bromide is 1.
[0042] S2: Remove the solvent at 80°C and dry the mixture for 12 hours.
[0043] S3: Place 3g of the mixture in an alumina boat and heat it to 700℃ at a rate of 10℃ per minute under a nitrogen atmosphere, then hold at that temperature for 4 hours. After cooling to room temperature, a black solid is obtained.
[0044] S4: Grind the obtained solid thoroughly, treat it in nitric acid for 6 hours, then wash it with deionized water until neutral, and dry it in a forced-air drying oven at 120℃ for 12 hours. Name it Cu / PC.
[0045] S5: Take 1 ml of the obtained catalyst and put it into a fixed-bed reactor. Under the reaction conditions of hydrogen chloride activation for 30 min and acetylene space velocity of 90 h⁻¹, the reaction is carried out. -1 The reaction temperature is 180℃, and the feed gas ratio is V. C2H2 ∶V HCl With a ratio of 1:1.15, the catalytic hydrochlorination of acetylene under these reaction conditions yielded an initial conversion rate of 44.5% for acetylene, and an acetylene conversion rate of 8.2% after 12 hours of reaction. The selectivity for vinyl chloride was greater than 97%.
[0046] Example 4
[0047] The specific steps are as follows:
[0048] S1: Dissolve copper chloride and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide in ethanol, mix well to obtain an active component solution, and then add triphenylphosphine.
[0049] The molar ratio of copper chloride, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide, and triphenylphosphine is 1:1:0.5.
[0050] S2: Remove the solvent at 80°C and dry the mixture for 12 hours.
[0051] S3: Place 3g of the mixture in an alumina boat and heat it to 700℃ at a rate of 10℃ per minute under a nitrogen atmosphere, then hold at that temperature for 4 hours. After cooling to room temperature, a black solid is obtained.
[0052] S4: The obtained solid was thoroughly ground, placed in nitric acid for 6 hours, then washed with deionized water until neutral, and dried in a forced-air drying oven at 120°C for 12 hours to obtain the catalyst, which was named Cu / NP1C to distinguish it from Example 1.
[0053] S5: Take 1 ml of the obtained catalyst and put it into a fixed-bed reactor. Under the reaction conditions of hydrogen chloride activation for 30 min and acetylene space velocity of 90 h⁻¹, the reaction is carried out. -1 The reaction temperature is 180℃, and the feed gas ratio is V. C2H2 ∶V HCl With a ratio of 1:1.15, the catalytic hydrochlorination of acetylene under these reaction conditions yielded an initial conversion rate of 59.2% for acetylene, a conversion rate of 46.4% after 12 hours of reaction, and a selectivity for vinyl chloride greater than 97%.
[0054] Example 5
[0055] The specific steps are as follows:
[0056] S1: Dissolve copper chloride and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide in ethanol, mix well to obtain an active component solution, and then add phosphoric acid.
[0057] The molar ratio of copper chloride, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide, and phosphoric acid is 1:1:0.5.
[0058] S2: Remove the solvent at 80°C and dry the mixture for 12 hours.
[0059] S3: Place 3g of the mixture in an alumina boat and heat it to 700℃ at a rate of 10℃ per minute under a nitrogen atmosphere, then hold at that temperature for 4 hours. After cooling to room temperature, a black solid is obtained.
[0060] S4: The obtained solid was thoroughly ground, treated in nitric acid for 6 hours, then washed with deionized water until neutral, and dried in a forced-air drying oven at 120°C for 12 hours to obtain the catalyst, which was named Cu / NP2C to distinguish it from Example 1.
[0061] S5: Take 1 ml of the obtained catalyst and put it into a fixed-bed reactor. Under the reaction conditions of hydrogen chloride activation for 30 min and acetylene space velocity of 90 h⁻¹, the reaction is carried out. -1 The reaction temperature is 180℃, and the feed gas ratio is V. C2H2 ∶V HCl With a ratio of 1:1.15, the catalytic hydrochlorination of acetylene under these reaction conditions yielded an initial conversion rate of 48.3% for acetylene, which reached 51.9% after 12 hours of reaction. The selectivity for vinyl chloride was greater than 97%.
[0062] Example 6
[0063] The specific steps are as follows:
[0064] S1: Dissolve copper chloride and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide in ethanol, mix well, and obtain the active component solution.
[0065] S2: Add tetraphenylphosphine chloride to the above solution and stir thoroughly for 4 hours.
[0066] S3: Remove the solvent at 80°C and dry the mixture for 12 hours.
[0067] The molar ratio of copper chloride to 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide is 1, and the molar ratio of tetraphenylphosphine chloride to copper chloride is 0.5.
[0068] S4: Place 3g of the mixture in an alumina boat, and heat it to 700℃ at a rate of 10℃ per minute under a nitrogen atmosphere, holding for 4 hours. After cooling to room temperature, a black solid is obtained.
[0069] S5: Grind the obtained solid thoroughly, treat it in nitric acid for 6 hours, then wash it with deionized water until neutral, and dry it in a forced-air drying oven at 120℃ for 12 hours. Name it Cu / NP3C.
[0070] S6: Take 1 ml of the obtained catalyst and place it into a fixed-bed reactor. Under the reaction conditions of hydrogen chloride activation for 30 min and acetylene space velocity of 90 h⁻¹, the reaction is carried out. -1 The reaction temperature is 180℃, and the feed gas ratio is V. C2H2 ∶V HCl With a ratio of 1:1.15, the catalytic hydrochlorination of acetylene under these reaction conditions yielded an initial conversion rate of 40.6% for acetylene, a conversion rate of 68.0% after 12 hours of reaction, and a selectivity for vinyl chloride greater than 97%.
[0071] Example 7
[0072] The specific steps are as follows:
[0073] S1: Dissolve copper nitrate and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide in ethanol, mix well, and obtain the active component solution.
[0074] S2: Add tetraphenylphosphine bromide to the above solution and stir thoroughly for 4 hours.
[0075] S3: Remove the solvent at 80°C and dry the mixture for 12 hours.
[0076] The molar ratio of copper nitrate to 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide is 1, and the molar ratio of tetraphenylphosphine bromide to copper chloride is 0.5.
[0077] S4: Place 3g of the mixture in an alumina boat and heat it to 700℃ under a nitrogen atmosphere at a heating rate of 10℃ per minute, and hold at that temperature for 4 hours. After cooling to room temperature, a black solid is obtained.
[0078] S5: Grind the obtained solid thoroughly, treat it in nitric acid for 6 hours, then wash it with deionized water until neutral, and dry it in a forced-air drying oven at 120℃ for 12 hours. Name it Cu1 / NPC.
[0079] S6: Take 1 ml of the obtained catalyst and place it into a fixed-bed reactor. Under the reaction conditions of hydrogen chloride activation for 30 min and acetylene space velocity of 90 h⁻¹, the reaction is carried out. -1 The reaction temperature is 180℃, and the feed gas ratio is V. C2H2 ∶V HCl With a ratio of 1:1.15, the catalytic hydrochlorination of acetylene under these reaction conditions yielded an initial conversion rate of 10.4% for acetylene, a conversion rate of 35.2% after 12 hours of reaction, and a selectivity for vinyl chloride greater than 97%.
[0080] Example 8
[0081] The specific steps are as follows:
[0082] S1: Dissolve copper chloride and 2-methylimidazole in ethanol, mix well, and obtain the active component solution.
[0083] S2: Add tetraphenylphosphine bromide to the above solution and stir thoroughly for 4 hours.
[0084] S3: Remove the solvent at 80°C and dry the mixture for 12 hours.
[0085] The molar ratio of copper chloride to 2-methylimidazole is 1, and the molar ratio of tetraphenylphosphine bromide to copper chloride is 0.5.
[0086] S4: Place 3g of the mixture in an alumina boat and heat it to 700℃ under a nitrogen atmosphere at a heating rate of 10℃ per minute, and hold at that temperature for 4 hours. After cooling to room temperature, a black solid is obtained.
[0087] S5: Grind the obtained solid thoroughly, treat it in nitric acid for 6 hours, then wash it with deionized water until neutral, and dry it in a forced-air drying oven at 120℃ for 12 hours. Name it Cu / N1PC.
[0088] S6: Take 1 ml of the obtained catalyst and place it into a fixed-bed reactor. Under the reaction conditions of hydrogen chloride activation for 30 min and acetylene space velocity of 90 h⁻¹, the reaction is carried out. -1 The reaction temperature is 180℃, and the feed gas ratio is V. C2H2 ∶V HCl With a ratio of 1:1.15, the catalytic hydrochlorination of acetylene under these reaction conditions yielded an initial conversion rate of 66.6% for acetylene, a conversion rate of 45.2% after 12 hours of reaction, and a selectivity for vinyl chloride greater than 97%.
[0089] Example 9
[0090] The specific steps are as follows:
[0091] S1: Dissolve copper chloride and pyridine in ethanol, mix well, and obtain an active component solution.
[0092] S2: Add tetraphenylphosphine bromide to the above solution and stir thoroughly for 4 hours.
[0093] S3: Remove the solvent at 80°C and dry the mixture for 12 hours.
[0094] The molar ratio of copper chloride to pyridine is 1, and the molar ratio of tetraphenylphosphine bromide to copper chloride is 0.5.
[0095] S4: Place 3g of the mixture in an alumina boat and heat it to 700℃ under a nitrogen atmosphere at a heating rate of 10℃ per minute, and hold at that temperature for 4 hours. After cooling to room temperature, a black solid is obtained.
[0096] S5: Grind the obtained solid thoroughly, treat it in nitric acid for 6 hours, then wash it with deionized water until neutral, and dry it in a forced-air drying oven at 120℃ for 12 hours. Name it Cu / N2PC.
[0097] S6: Take 1 ml of the obtained catalyst and place it into a fixed-bed reactor. Under the reaction conditions of hydrogen chloride activation for 30 min and acetylene space velocity of 90 h⁻¹, the reaction is carried out. -1 The reaction temperature is 180℃, and the feed gas ratio is V. C2H2 ∶V HCl =1∶1.15, under these reaction conditions, the catalytic hydrochlorination of acetylene yielded an initial conversion of 73.45% ± 3.69, and after 12 h of reaction, the acetylene conversion was 80.75% ± 4.17, with a selectivity of vinyl chloride greater than 97%.
[0098] Example 10
[0099] The specific steps are as follows:
[0100] S1: Dissolve copper chloride and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride in ethanol, mix well, and obtain the active component solution.
[0101] S2: Add tetraphenylphosphine bromide to the above solution and stir thoroughly for 4 hours.
[0102] S3: Remove the solvent at 80°C and dry the mixture for 12 hours.
[0103] The molar ratio of copper chloride to 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride is 1, and the molar ratio of tetraphenylphosphine bromide to copper chloride is 0.5.
[0104] S4: Place 3g of the mixture in an alumina boat and heat it to 700℃ under a nitrogen atmosphere at a heating rate of 10℃ per minute, and hold at that temperature for 4 hours. After cooling to room temperature, a black solid is obtained.
[0105] S5: Grind the obtained solid thoroughly, treat it in nitric acid for 6 hours, then wash it with deionized water until neutral, and dry it in a forced-air drying oven at 120℃ for 12 hours. Name it Cu / N3PC.
[0106] S6: Take 1 ml of the obtained catalyst and place it into a fixed-bed reactor. Under the reaction conditions of hydrogen chloride activation for 30 min and acetylene space velocity of 90 h⁻¹, the reaction is carried out. -1 The reaction temperature is 180℃, and the feed gas ratio is V. C2H2 ∶V HCl With a ratio of 1:1.15, the catalytic hydrochlorination of acetylene under these reaction conditions yielded an initial conversion rate of 27.5% for acetylene, a conversion rate of 5.0% after 12 hours of reaction, and a selectivity for vinyl chloride greater than 97%.
[0107] The Cu / NPC catalyst of this invention exhibits excellent activity, selectivity, and stability in the acetylene-to-vinyl chloride synthesis reaction, with a reaction time of 36 h. -1 At a volume hourly space velocity (VHSV), the initial acetylene conversion reached 98%, with an acetylene conversion decay rate of 0.012% / h, while the vinyl chloride selectivity remained above 97%. Furthermore, under these reaction conditions, the catalyst prepared by nitrogen-phosphorus dual doping in this invention significantly outperformed the catalysts prepared by methods 2 and 3 in terms of initial acetylene conversion, stability, and performance in the first 12 hours. Additionally, the catalysts prepared by methods 1 and 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10, using tetraphenylphosphine bromide as the phosphorus source, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide as the nitrogen source, and copper chloride as the copper source, exhibited superior performance compared to other embodiments.
[0108] Figure 1 For (a) calcination temperature optimization; (b) phosphorus source to copper source molar ratio optimization; (cd) catalyst performance testing, test conditions: T = 453K, GHSV(C2H2) = 90h -1 V(HCl) / V(C2H2)=1.15; (e) Cu / NPC stability test, test conditions: T=453K, GHSV(C2H2)=36h -1 V(HCl) / V(C2H2)=1.15.
[0109] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for preparing a catalyst for the hydrochlorination of acetylene, characterized in that: The catalyst for the acetylene hydrochlorination reaction consists of the following steps: a nitrogen-containing precursor, a phosphorus-containing precursor, a copper source, and an organic solvent are stirred evenly, dried, calcined at high temperature under a nitrogen atmosphere, and acid washed to obtain the catalyst. The nitrogen-containing precursor is one of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide and pyridine. The phosphorus-containing precursor is tetraphenylphosphine bromide. The copper source is copper chloride. The high-temperature calcination includes heating to 700°C at a heating rate of 10°C per minute and holding at that temperature for 4 hours.
2. The method for preparing the acetylene hydrochlorination catalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic solvent is one or more of methanol, ethanol, DMF, isopropanol, and dichloromethane.
3. The method for preparing the acetylene hydrochlorination catalyst according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The molar ratio of the copper source to the nitrogen-containing precursor is 0.5-2:
1.
4. The method for preparing the acetylene hydrochlorination catalyst according to claim 3, characterized in that: The molar ratio of the copper source to the nitrogen-containing precursor is 1:
1.
5. The method for preparing the acetylene hydrochlorination catalyst according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The molar ratio of the phosphorus-containing precursor to the copper source is 0.75-1.5:
2.
6. The method for preparing the acetylene hydrochlorination catalyst according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The pickling solution includes one or more of nitric acid, sulfuric acid, and hydrochloric acid.
7. The acetylene hydrochlorination catalyst prepared by the preparation method according to claim 1.
8. The application of the acetylene hydrochlorination catalyst according to claim 7 in the catalytic acetylene hydrochlorination reaction.