Controllable pressure regulating truck empty and load sensing valve

Abstract

The present invention relates to a controllable pressure-regulating truck empty and load sensing valve, comprising a sensing portion, a pressure regulating portion, and an exhaust portion integrated into one body. The sensing rod of the sensing portion of the present invention is only responsible for detecting changes in the empty weight position, and is not responsible for adjusting the pressure of the step-down air cylinder. The curved side surface of the top block converts the Z-direction displacement of the sensing rod into the X-direction displacement of the pressure regulating portion, thereby adjusting the pressure of the brake cylinder and the step-down air cylinder through the pressure regulating portion. The empty weight detection and the pressure control of the step-down air cylinder are separated, and the curved side surface of the top block is designed according to actual needs. It can be designed as a stepless adjustment method or as a stepped empty and load vehicle, so that the brake cylinder pressure is fully controllable and adjustable. At the same time, since the sensing rod is only responsible for detecting changes in the empty weight position, it is safer and more reliable. The sensing portion only plays a detection role and does not integrate other functions, and will not cause problems such as the dust cover falling off and seasonal leakage failures of existing empty and load vehicles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of automatic empty and loaded adjustment devices for railway freight cars, and in particular to a controllable pressure-regulating freight car empty and loaded sensing valve suitable for a two-pressure mechanism, direct-acting brake system. Background Art

[0002] my country's railway freight car empty and loaded adjustment devices typically use the KZW series empty and loaded adjustment device, developed by the China Academy of Railway Sciences and put into use in 2005. This device is suitable for direct-acting brake systems with two pressure mechanisms and provides automatic and stepless adjustment of brake cylinder pressure. By utilizing the combined action of pressure reduction and pressure limiting, and employing a plunger-diaphragm structure, brake cylinder pressure adjustment is achieved.

[0003] However, due to the limitations of its principle and structure, this adjustment device has the following problems: its ability to adjust the brake cylinder pressure is weak and its maintenance cycle is short. Specifically, the adjustment device uses the displacement of the piston and the feeler rod to detect the empty weight condition, and this displacement also controls the pressure of the brake cylinder. Because the principle of spring force and gas pressure balance is adopted, the change in brake cylinder pressure must follow the rules of spring force. In fact, the pressure of the brake cylinder changes unevenly from empty to half-loaded and then to full, so this principle cannot achieve the desired brake cylinder pressure. Due to the limitations of its principle, when the parking space is empty, there is a pressure difference of at least 20kPa between the brake cylinder pressure and the pressure reducing cylinder pressure, which cannot achieve true pressure balance and accordingly requires a larger pressure reducing air cylinder. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a controllable and pressure-regulating truck empty and loaded vehicle sensing valve with a reasonable structure and reliable use to solve the above-mentioned problems, so that the brake cylinder pressure can be fully controlled and adjusted. At the same time, it is safer and more reliable. The sensing part only plays a detection role and does not integrate other functions. It will not cause problems such as the dust cover falling off and seasonal leakage failures of existing empty and loaded vehicles.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is:

[0006] A controllable pressure-regulating truck empty and load sensing valve comprises a sensing part, a pressure regulating part and an exhaust part integrated into one body. The technical key points are as follows: the sensing part comprises a hollow Z-direction ejector rod body, a lower cover, a transmission piston assembly arranged in the hollow Z-direction ejector rod body, a touch rod connected to the transmission piston assembly, and a top block arranged on the side of the touch rod, the top block has a curved side surface and the curved side surface contacts the outer peripheral surface of the transition shaft, the upper end of the hollow Z-direction ejector rod body is provided with a Z-direction slide groove corresponding to the touch rod, and the side wall of the Z-direction slide groove is provided with an X-direction slide groove corresponding to the transition shaft, the pressure regulating part comprises a valve front cover connected to the hollow Z-direction ejector rod body, a main body connected to the valve front cover, an X-direction forward cavity arranged on the upper part of the valve front cover, an X-direction rear cavity arranged on the upper part of the main body, a pressure dividing valve assembly arranged in the X-direction forward cavity, a pressure regulating piston assembly or a pressure regulating diaphragm structure arranged in the X-direction rear cavity, and the front end of the pressure dividing valve of the pressure dividing valve assembly is provided with an X-direction middle The cam is provided with a spring which is connected to the camshaft and the camshaft of the control unit. The camshaft is provided with a spring which is connected to the camshaft of the control unit. The camshaft is provided with a spring which is connected to the camshaft of the control unit. The camshaft is provided with a spring which is connected to the camshaft of the control unit. The camshaft is provided with a spring which is connected to the camshaft of the control unit. The camshaft is provided with a spring which is connected to the camshaft of the control unit. The camshaft is provided with a spring which is connected to the camshaft of the control unit. The camshaft is provided with a spring which is connected to the camshaft of the control unit. The camshaft is provided with a spring which is connected to the camshaft of the control unit. The camshaft is provided with a spring which is connected to the camshaft of the control unit.

[0007] The above-mentioned controllable pressure-regulating truck empty and load sensing valve, the transmission piston assembly includes a transmission piston, a transmission spring support, a transmission spring, a return spring and a retaining ring, the transmission piston is arranged in the lower hollow cavity of the hollow Z-direction push rod body, the inner side of the lower cover is provided with a lower limit annular boss corresponding to the transmission piston, a rubber sealing ring is provided between the outer peripheral surface of the piston head of the transmission piston and the inner wall of the lower hollow cavity, the return spring is sleeved on the outer periphery of the piston rod of the transmission piston, and the return spring is clamped between the piston head of the transmission piston and the top surface of the lower hollow cavity, the piston rod of the transmission piston is provided with a concentric blind hole, the transmission spring support is embedded in the upper part of the concentric blind hole, the transmission spring is arranged between the bottom of the concentric blind hole and the bottom surface of the transmission spring support, a retaining ring corresponding to the transmission spring support is provided on the upper edge of the concentric blind hole, and the lower end of the touch rod is connected and fixed to the top surface of the transmission spring support.

[0008] The above-mentioned controllable pressure-regulating truck empty and load sensing valve, the pressure-dividing valve assembly includes a pressure-dividing valve, an X-direction groove provided at the center of the front end surface of the pressure-dividing valve, and a sandwich valve mounting cavity provided at the rear of the pressure-dividing valve, the X-direction intermediate rod is provided at the center of the bottom surface of the X-direction groove, and the front side wall of the X-forward cavity is provided with an avoidance hole corresponding to the X-direction intermediate rod, the jump spring is clamped between the front side wall of the X-forward cavity and the bottom surface of the X-direction groove, the sandwich valve assembly includes a sandwich valve and a sandwich valve spring, the sandwich valve is provided in the sandwich valve mounting cavity, the sandwich valve spring is connected between the bottom surface of the sandwich valve mounting cavity and the sandwich valve, the outer peripheral surface of the pressure-dividing valve is composed of a front reduced diameter surface and a rear expanded diameter surface, the X-forward cavity is provided with a front reduced diameter cavity corresponding to the front reduced diameter surface and a rear expanded diameter cavity corresponding to the rear expanded diameter surface, the front reduced diameter surface is provided with a rubber sealing ring in close contact with the front reduced diameter cavity, and the rear expanded diameter cavity is connected to the second interface connected to the brake cylinder.

[0009] The above-mentioned controllable pressure-regulating truck empty and load sensing valve, the pressure-regulating piston assembly includes a main piston located at the front end of the X-direction rear cavity, a pressure-regulating spring seat located at the rear end of the X-direction rear cavity, and a pressure-regulating spring connected between the main piston and the pressure-regulating spring seat. The front end of the main piston is provided with a valve port connected to the sandwich valve of the sandwich valve assembly, and the valve front cover is provided on the X-direction limiting portion corresponding to the main piston. A rubber sealing ring is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the main piston and the pressure-regulating spring seat, which is in close contact with the X-direction rear cavity. The rear end face of the main body is threadedly connected to an adjustment handwheel corresponding to the X-direction rear cavity, and the inner end of the adjustment handwheel is connected to the center of the pressure-regulating spring seat. A sealed pressure-regulating cavity connected to the first interface and the first passage is formed between the main piston and the pressure-regulating spring seat.

[0010] The above-mentioned controllable pressure-regulating truck empty and load sensing valve, the exhaust plunger assembly includes an exhaust plunger sleeve arranged in the X-down cavity, an exhaust plunger and an exhaust plunger spring arranged in the exhaust plunger sleeve, two ends of the outer circumferential surface of the exhaust plunger sleeve are provided with rubber sealing rings in close contact with the inner wall of the X-down cavity, the middle part of the outer circumferential surface of the exhaust plunger sleeve is provided with a small hole connected to the first passage, the lower part of the valve front cover is provided with a third interface connected to the atmosphere, the inner end of the third interface is provided with an X-direction connecting cavity connected to the front end of the inner cavity of the exhaust plunger sleeve, the exhaust plunger is located at the rear end of the inner cavity of the exhaust plunger sleeve and avoids the small hole on the exhaust plunger sleeve, the exhaust plunger spring is clamped between the exhaust plunger and the front end surface of the X-direction connecting cavity, the outer circumferential surface of the exhaust plunger is provided with a rubber sealing ring in close contact with the inner circumferential surface of the exhaust plunger sleeve, and the rear end surface of the inner cavity of the exhaust plunger sleeve is connected to the end of the second passage.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0012] 1. The sensing rod of the present invention is responsible only for detecting changes in the empty weight position and is not responsible for adjusting the pressure of the pressure-reducing cylinder. The curved side of the top block converts the Z-axis displacement of the sensing rod into the X-axis displacement of the pressure-regulating unit, thereby adjusting the pressures of the brake cylinder and the pressure-reducing cylinder via the pressure-regulating unit. Empty weight detection and pressure control of the pressure-reducing cylinder are separated. The curved side of the top block can be designed to meet specific needs, allowing for either stepless or stepped empty weight adjustment, achieving fully controllable and adjustable brake cylinder pressure.

[0013] 2. Since the feeler rod is only responsible for detecting changes in the empty weight position, it is safer and more reliable. The sensing part only plays a detection role and does not integrate other functions. It will not cause problems such as the dust cover falling off and seasonal leakage failure of existing empty weight vehicles.

[0014] 3. When the parking space is empty, the pressure of the brake cylinder and the pressure-reducing air cylinder can be completely balanced naturally without any pressure difference, which reduces the volume of the pressure-reducing air cylinder and is more in line with the principle of braking action. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0016] In the figure: 1. Lower cover, 2. Rubber sealing ring, 3. Hollow Z-direction ejector body, 4. Rubber sealing ring, 5. Transmission piston, 6. Transmission spring, 7. Transmission spring support, 8. Retaining ring, 9. Restoring spring, 10. Touch rod, 11. Ejector block, 12. Transition shaft, 13. Valve front cover, 14. Rubber sealing ring, 15. Jump spring, 16. Pressure dividing valve, 17. Sandwich valve spring, 18. Sandwich valve, 19. Rubber sealing ring, 20. Main body, 21. Rubber sealing ring, 22. Main piston, 23. Pressure regulating spring, 24. Rubber sealing ring, 25. Pressure regulating spring seat, 26. Adjusting handwheel, 27. Rubber sealing ring, 28. Exhaust plunger sleeve, 29. Exhaust plunger, 30. Exhaust plunger spring, 31. Rubber sealing ring, 32. First passage, 33. Second passage, 34. Side air path, 35. Lower air cavity, 36. First interface, 37. Second interface, 38. Third interface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0018] like Figure 1 As shown, the controllable pressure-regulating truck empty and loaded sensing valve includes a sensing part, a pressure regulating part and an exhaust part which are integrated into one.

[0019] The sensing unit includes a hollow Z-direction push rod body 3, a lower cover 1, a transmission piston assembly disposed within the hollow Z-direction push rod body 3, a feeler rod 10 connected to the transmission piston assembly, and a push block 11 disposed on the side of the feeler rod 10. The push block 11 has a curved side surface that contacts the outer circumference of the transition shaft 12. A Z-direction slot corresponding to the feeler rod 10 is provided at the upper end of the hollow Z-direction push rod body 3, and an X-direction slot corresponding to the transition shaft 12 is provided on the sidewall of the Z-direction slot. The pressure regulating unit includes a valve front cover 13 connected to the hollow Z-direction push rod body 3, a main body 20 connected to the valve front cover 13, an X-direction forward chamber disposed above the valve front cover 13, an X-direction rear chamber disposed above the main body 20, a pressure dividing valve assembly disposed in the X-direction forward chamber, and a pressure regulating piston assembly disposed in the X-direction rear chamber. The front end of the pressure-dividing valve 16 of the pressure-dividing valve assembly is provided with an X-direction intermediate rod, and the front end of the X-direction intermediate rod extends into the hollow Z-direction push rod body 3 and connects to the transition shaft 12. The outer periphery of the X-direction intermediate rod is sheathed with a jump spring 15. The rear end of the pressure-dividing valve 16 of the pressure-dividing valve assembly is provided with a sandwich valve assembly connected to the pressure-regulating piston assembly. The X-direction rear chamber is provided with a first interface 36 for communicating with the pressure-reducing air cylinder. The exhaust portion includes an X-direction downward chamber provided at the lower portion of the main body 20 and an exhaust plunger assembly provided in the X-direction downward chamber. The X-direction downward chamber is connected to the X-direction rear chamber and to the atmosphere via a first passage 32. The hollow Z-direction push rod body 3 is provided with a lower air chamber 35 located below the transmission piston assembly, and a side air passage 34 is provided on the side of the hollow Z-direction push rod body 3 to communicate with the lower air chamber 35. The lower part of the valve front cover 13 is provided with a second interface 37 for communicating with the brake cylinder. The second interface 37 is respectively connected to the side air path 34 and the X forward cavity, and is connected to the X downward cavity through the second passage 33. The second passage 33 intersects with the first passage 32 and is not connected.

[0020] In this embodiment, the transmission piston assembly includes a transmission piston 5, a transmission spring support 7, a transmission spring 6, a return spring 9, and a retaining ring 8. The transmission piston 5 is disposed in the lower hollow cavity of the hollow Z-direction ejector rod 3. The inner side of the lower cover 1 is provided with a lower limit annular boss corresponding to the transmission piston 5. The outer circumferential surface of the lower limit annular boss is provided with a rubber sealing ring 2 that cooperates with the hollow Z-direction ejector rod 3. A rubber sealing ring 4 is provided between the outer circumferential surface of the piston head of the transmission piston 5 and the inner wall of the lower hollow cavity. The return spring 9 is sleeved on the outer circumference of the piston rod of the transmission piston 5 and is clamped between the piston head of the transmission piston 5 and the top surface of the lower hollow cavity. The piston rod of the transmission piston 5 is provided with a concentric blind hole, the transmission spring holder 7 is built into the upper part of the concentric blind hole, the transmission spring 6 is arranged between the bottom of the concentric blind hole and the bottom surface of the transmission spring holder 7, and a retaining ring 8 corresponding to the transmission spring holder 7 is provided on the upper edge of the concentric blind hole, and the lower end of the touch rod 10 is connected and fixed to the top surface of the transmission spring holder 7.

[0021] The sensing rod 10 of the sensing part of the present invention is only responsible for detecting changes in the empty weight position and is not responsible for adjusting the pressure of the depressurization air cylinder. The top block 11 fixed to the sensing rod 10 converts the Z-direction displacement into the X-direction displacement, and controls the pressure regulating part to adjust the pressure of the brake cylinder and the depressurization air cylinder.

[0022] The pressure-dividing valve assembly includes a pressure-dividing valve 16, an X-shaped groove located at the center of the front end of the pressure-dividing valve 16, and a sandwich valve mounting cavity located at the rear of the pressure-dividing valve 16. An X-shaped intermediate rod is located at the center of the bottom of the X-shaped groove. A relief hole corresponding to the X-shaped intermediate rod is provided on the front sidewall of the X-forward cavity. The jump spring 15 is clamped between the front sidewall of the X-forward cavity and the bottom of the X-shaped groove. The sandwich valve assembly includes a sandwich valve 18 and a sandwich valve spring 17. The sandwich valve 18 is located in the sandwich valve mounting cavity, and the sandwich valve spring 17 is connected between the bottom of the sandwich valve mounting cavity and the sandwich valve 18. The outer circumference of the pressure-dividing valve 16 consists of a front reduced diameter surface and a rear expanded diameter surface. The X-forward cavity is provided with a front reduced diameter cavity corresponding to the front reduced diameter surface and a rear expanded diameter cavity corresponding to the rear expanded diameter surface. A rubber seal 14 is provided on the front reduced diameter surface, which is in close contact with the front reduced diameter cavity. The rear expanded diameter cavity is connected to a second port 27 connected to the brake cylinder.

[0023] The pressure-regulating piston assembly includes a main piston 22 located at the front end of the X-direction rear chamber, a pressure-regulating spring seat 25 located at the rear end of the X-direction rear chamber, and a pressure-regulating spring 23 connected between the main piston 22 and the pressure-regulating spring seat 25. The front end of the main piston 22 is provided with a valve port that connects to the sandwich valve 18 of the sandwich valve assembly. The sandwich valve spring 17 keeps the sandwich valve 18 closed. The valve front cover 13 is located at the X-direction stopper corresponding to the main piston 22. A rubber sealing ring 19 is provided between the outer circumference of the X-direction stopper and the main body 20. Rubber sealing rings 21 and 24 are provided on the outer circumferences of the main piston 22 and the pressure-regulating spring seat 25, ensuring close contact with the X-direction rear chamber. An adjustment handwheel 26 corresponding to the X-direction rear chamber is threadedly connected to the rear end of the main body 20. The inner end of the adjustment handwheel 26 connects to the center of the pressure-regulating spring seat 25. The adjustment handwheel 26 is used to adjust the pressure of the pressure-regulating spring 23, thereby determining the pressure difference between the brake cylinder pressure and the pressure-reducing cylinder pressure when the parking space is empty. A sealed pressure regulating chamber is formed between the main piston 22 and the pressure regulating spring seat 25 and is in communication with the first interface 36 and the first passage 32 .

[0024] The pressure regulating part of the present invention is responsible for charging the air from the 120 valve into the pressure-reducing air cylinder according to the set rules; another function is to maintain the initial jump of the brake cylinder pressure.

[0025] The exhaust plunger assembly includes an exhaust plunger sleeve 28 disposed in the X-downward cavity, an exhaust plunger 29 disposed in the exhaust plunger sleeve 28, and an exhaust plunger spring 30. Rubber sealing rings 27 are provided at both ends of the outer circumference of the exhaust plunger sleeve 28, which are in close contact with the inner wall of the X-downward cavity. A small hole communicating with the first passage is provided in the middle of the outer circumference of the exhaust plunger sleeve 28. A third interface 38 communicating with the atmosphere is provided at the lower portion of the valve front cover 13. The inner end of the third interface is provided with an X-direction communication cavity communicating with the front end of the inner cavity of the exhaust plunger sleeve 28. The exhaust plunger 29 is located at the rear end of the inner cavity of the exhaust plunger sleeve 28, avoiding the small hole in the exhaust plunger sleeve 28. The exhaust plunger spring 30 is clamped between the exhaust plunger 29 and the front end of the X-direction communication cavity. The outer circumference of the exhaust plunger 29 is provided with a rubber sealing ring 31 that is in close contact with the inner circumference of the exhaust plunger sleeve 28 . The rear end surface of the inner cavity of the exhaust plunger sleeve 28 is connected to the end of the second passage 33 .

[0026] The function of the exhaust part of the present invention is to exhaust the remaining air in the pressure-reducing air cylinder.

[0027] Working principle:

[0028] When the auxiliary air cylinder inflates the brake cylinder, as the air pressure in the brake cylinder increases, the sensing unit's transmission piston 5 moves upward under the action of the air pressure in the lower air chamber (i.e., the brake cylinder air pressure), compressing the return spring 9 and simultaneously pushing the feeler rod 10 upward. Simultaneously, the air pressure in the brake cylinder flows through the second passage 33 to the rear of the exhaust unit's X-downward chamber, compressing the exhaust plunger spring 30 and pushing the exhaust plunger 29 to the front of the X-downward chamber. This seals the small hole in the exhaust plunger sleeve 28 and prevents the pressurized air in the decompression air cylinder from being discharged into the atmosphere through the exhaust unit. When the feeler rod 10 moves upward and hits the damping disc, it stops. The air pressure in the brake cylinder continues to rise, pushing the pressure regulating unit's pressure dividing valve 16 to compress the jump spring, causing the X-direction intermediate rod of the pressure dividing valve 16 to press against the transition shaft 12. When the air pressure in the brake cylinder rises to a certain value, the valve ports of the sandwich valve 18 and the main piston 22 open, and the pressurized air in the brake cylinder immediately inflates the pressure-reducing air cylinder through the valve port and the middle hole of the main piston 22. When the forces on both sides of the main piston 22 reach a balance, the sandwich valve 18 and the valve port of the main piston 22 contact each other again and close again, maintaining the air pressure in the brake cylinder and the pressure-reducing air cylinder unchanged.

[0029] When the brake cylinder is exhausted to the atmosphere, as the cylinder air pressure decreases, the valve ports of sandwich valve 18 and master piston 22 are opened by the pressure-reducing air cylinder. Pressurized air from the pressure-reducing air cylinder immediately flows back through the valve port and central hole of master piston 22 to the atmosphere. The cylinder air pressure continues to decrease. When the cylinder air pressure falls below the pressure of jump spring 15, pressure-dividing valve 16 moves rightward under the action of jump spring 15. When the cylinder air pressure falls below the pressure of return spring 9 in the sensing section, transmission piston 5 moves downward under the action of return spring 9, ultimately resting below the sensing section. When the cylinder air pressure falls below the pressure of exhaust plunger spring 30, exhaust plunger 29, under the action of exhaust plunger spring 30, is pushed to the rear end of exhaust plunger sleeve 28, opening the small hole in exhaust plunger sleeve 28 to the atmosphere. When the pressure of the depressurized air cylinder drops to a certain value, the forces on both sides of the main piston 22 reach a balance, and the sandwich valve 18 contacts the valve port of the main piston 22 again under the action of the sandwich valve spring 17 and closes again. The remaining air in the depressurized air cylinder is discharged into the exhaust part through the first passage 32 and the small hole, and the state is restored to a completely relieved airless state.

[0030] The above embodiments of the present invention are described in detail. However, the above contents are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be considered to limit the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and improvements made within the scope of the present invention should still fall within the scope of this patent.

Claims

1. A controllable pressure-regulating truck empty and loaded sensing valve, comprising a sensing portion, a pressure regulating portion, and an exhaust portion integrated into one body, characterized in that: The sensing part includes a hollow Z-direction ejector rod body, a lower cover, a transmission piston assembly arranged in the hollow Z-direction ejector rod body, a touch rod connected to the transmission piston assembly, and a top block arranged on the side of the touch rod, wherein the top block has a curved side surface and the curved side surface contacts the outer peripheral surface of the transition shaft, the upper end of the hollow Z-direction ejector rod body is provided with a Z-direction slide groove corresponding to the touch rod, and the side wall of the Z-direction slide groove is provided with an X-direction slide groove corresponding to the transition shaft, and the pressure regulating part includes a valve front cover connected to the hollow Z-direction ejector rod body, a main body connected to the valve front cover, an X-direction forward cavity provided on the upper part of the valve front cover, an X-direction rear cavity provided on the upper part of the main body, a pressure dividing valve assembly provided in the X-direction forward cavity, a pressure regulating piston assembly or a pressure regulating diaphragm structure provided in the X-direction rear cavity, an X-direction intermediate rod is provided at the front end of the pressure dividing valve of the pressure dividing valve assembly, and the front end of the X-direction intermediate rod extends into the hollow Z-direction ejector rod body and contacts the transition shaft. The cross shaft is connected, and the outer periphery of the X-direction intermediate rod is sleeved with a jump spring. The rear end of the pressure dividing valve of the pressure dividing valve assembly is provided with a sandwich valve assembly connected to the pressure regulating piston assembly or the pressure regulating diaphragm structure. The X-direction rear cavity is provided with a first interface for communicating with the pressure-reducing air cylinder. The exhaust part includes an X-downward cavity provided at the lower part of the main body and an exhaust plunger assembly provided in the X-downward cavity. The X-downward cavity is connected with the X-direction rear cavity through a first passage and is connected to the atmosphere. A lower air cavity located below the transmission piston assembly is provided in the hollow Z-direction ejector rod body, and a side air path connected to the lower air cavity is provided on the side of the hollow Z-direction ejector rod body. A second interface for communicating with the brake cylinder is provided at the lower part of the valve front cover. The second interface is respectively connected with the side air path and the X-forward cavity, and is connected with the X-downward cavity via the second passage. The second passage crosses the first passage and is not connected.

2. The controllable pressure regulating type truck empty and load sensing valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission piston assembly includes a transmission piston, a transmission spring support, a transmission spring, a return spring and a retaining ring. The transmission piston is arranged in the lower hollow cavity of the hollow Z-direction push rod body, and a lower limit annular boss corresponding to the transmission piston is provided on the inner side of the lower cover. A rubber sealing ring is provided between the outer peripheral surface of the piston head of the transmission piston and the inner wall of the lower hollow cavity. The return spring is sleeved on the outer periphery of the piston rod of the transmission piston, and the return spring is clamped between the piston head of the transmission piston and the top surface of the lower hollow cavity. The piston rod of the transmission piston is provided with a concentric blind hole, and the transmission spring support is embedded in the upper part of the concentric blind hole. The transmission spring is arranged between the bottom of the concentric blind hole and the bottom surface of the transmission spring support. A retaining ring corresponding to the transmission spring support is provided on the upper edge of the concentric blind hole, and the lower end of the touch rod is connected and fixed to the top surface of the transmission spring support.

3. The controllable pressure regulating type truck empty and load sensing valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure-dividing valve assembly includes a pressure-dividing valve, an X-direction groove provided at the center of the front end face of the pressure-dividing valve, and a sandwich valve mounting chamber provided at the rear of the pressure-dividing valve. The X-direction intermediate rod is provided at the center of the bottom surface of the X-direction groove. The front side wall of the X-forward chamber is provided with an avoidance hole corresponding to the X-direction intermediate rod. The jump spring is clamped between the front side wall of the X-forward chamber and the bottom surface of the X-direction groove. The sandwich valve assembly includes a sandwich valve and a sandwich valve spring. The sandwich valve is provided in the sandwich valve mounting chamber. The sandwich valve spring is connected between the bottom surface of the sandwich valve mounting chamber and the sandwich valve. The outer peripheral surface of the pressure-dividing valve is composed of a front reducing surface and a rear expanding surface. The X-forward chamber is provided with a front reducing surface corresponding to the front reducing surface and a rear expanding surface corresponding to the rear expanding surface. The front reducing surface is provided with a rubber sealing ring in close contact with the front reducing cavity. The rear expanding cavity is connected to the second interface connected to the brake cylinder.

4. The controllable pressure regulating type truck empty and load sensing valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure-regulating piston assembly includes a main piston located at the front end of the X-direction rear cavity, a pressure-regulating spring seat located at the rear end of the X-direction rear cavity, and a pressure-regulating spring connected between the main piston and the pressure-regulating spring seat. The front end of the main piston is provided with a valve port connected to the sandwich valve of the sandwich valve assembly, and the valve front cover is provided on the X-direction limiting portion corresponding to the main piston. A rubber sealing ring in close contact with the X-direction rear cavity is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the main piston and the pressure-regulating spring seat. The rear end surface of the main body is threadedly connected to an adjusting handwheel corresponding to the X-direction rear cavity, and the inner end of the adjusting handwheel is connected to the center of the pressure-regulating spring seat. A sealed pressure-regulating cavity connected to the first interface and the first passage is formed between the main piston and the pressure-regulating spring seat.

5. The controllable pressure regulating type truck empty and load sensing valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust plunger assembly includes an exhaust plunger sleeve arranged in the X-downward cavity, an exhaust plunger and an exhaust plunger spring arranged in the exhaust plunger sleeve, rubber sealing rings are provided at both ends of the outer circumference of the exhaust plunger sleeve, which are in close contact with the inner wall of the X-downward cavity, a small hole connected to the first passage is provided in the middle of the outer circumference of the exhaust plunger sleeve, the lower part of the valve front cover is provided with a third interface connected to the atmosphere, the inner end of the third interface is provided with an X-direction connecting cavity connected to the front end of the exhaust plunger sleeve inner cavity, the exhaust plunger is located at the rear end of the exhaust plunger sleeve inner cavity and avoids the small hole on the exhaust plunger sleeve, the exhaust plunger spring is clamped between the exhaust plunger and the front end surface of the X-direction connecting cavity, the outer circumference of the exhaust plunger is provided with a rubber sealing ring in close contact with the inner circumference of the exhaust plunger sleeve, and the rear end surface of the exhaust plunger sleeve inner cavity is connected to the end of the second passage.

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