Demand response capability evaluation method and device for central air conditioning in commercial buildings

Abstract

The present application discloses a method and device for evaluating the demand response capability of central air conditioners in commercial buildings, the method comprising: constructing an equivalent thermal parameter model according to building parameters and air conditioner nameplate parameters; based on the equivalent thermal parameter model, analyzing the relationship between the next day's indoor temperature and the operating power when not participating in demand response according to the next day's outdoor predicted temperature, temperature dead zone control interval, on / off time constraint conditions and control state function, and obtaining a non-participation control model; based on the equivalent thermal parameter model, analyzing the relationship between the next day's indoor temperature and the operating power when participating in demand response according to the temperature dead zone control interval, on / off time constraint conditions, body temperature function and control state function, and obtaining a participation control model; evaluating the adjustable capability range of the air conditioner participating in demand response according to the non-participation control model and the participation control model. The present application can solve the technical problem that the prior art lacks analysis of the energy adjustable range of the central air conditioner cluster of commercial buildings from the perspective of power grid operators.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of demand response analysis, and in particular to a method and device for evaluating the demand response capability of central air conditioners in commercial buildings. Background Art

[0002] The energy demand side is also undergoing major changes, the most notable of which is that more and more flexible resources are connected to the grid from the demand side. Typical flexible resources include air conditioners and electric vehicles, which have the characteristics of large power and large number. If they are not regulated, they are likely to cause reduced power quality or safety problems in the distribution network. In the power system where the proportion of new energy access is increasing, it is urgent to improve the dispatchability of flexible resources on the demand side to cope with the problem of insufficient regulation capacity of traditional units and large industrial loads. During the peak period of electricity consumption in summer, the high power consumption of air conditioning loads is one of the main reasons for the formation of peak loads. The central air conditioning load of commercial buildings accounts for a large proportion and has significant adjustable capacity. Therefore, reasonable and effective regulation of the central air conditioning load cluster of commercial buildings is an important measure to suppress the peak-to-valley difference of the power system load and ensure the safe and stable operation of the power grid.

[0003] The existing evaluation of the adjustable capacity of central air-conditioning load is mainly based on the user's response willingness, or from the perspective of the coordinated operation of different central air-conditioning devices, to meet the cooling capacity while consuming the least energy as the optimization goal, to calculate the adjustable capacity of central air-conditioning load. Under the general trend of large-scale access to new energy and power electronics in the power grid, the research on determining the energy adjustable range of commercial building central air-conditioning clusters from the perspective of power grid operators is particularly important and lacking, resulting in poor actual demand response effect. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present application provides a method and device for evaluating the demand response capability of central air conditioners in commercial buildings, which is used to solve the technical problem that the existing technology lacks analysis of the energy adjustable range of the central air conditioner cluster in commercial buildings from the perspective of the power grid operator, resulting in a certain degree of lack of efficiency in the demand response effect.

[0005] In view of this, the first aspect of the present application provides a method for evaluating the demand response capability of a central air conditioner in a commercial building, comprising:

[0006] Construct an equivalent thermal parameter model of the central air conditioning system of a commercial building according to the building parameters of the commercial building where the central air conditioning is located and the nameplate parameters of the central air conditioning;

[0007] Based on the equivalent thermal parameter model, the relationship between the next day's indoor temperature and the actual operating power when the central air conditioner of the commercial building does not participate in demand response is analyzed according to the next day's outdoor predicted temperature, the temperature dead zone control interval, the on / off time constraint condition and the first control state function, and a non-participation control model is obtained;

[0008] Based on the equivalent thermal parameter model, the relationship between the next day's indoor temperature and the actual operating power of the central air conditioner in the commercial building participating in the demand response is analyzed according to the temperature dead zone control interval, the power on / off time constraint condition, the body temperature function and the second control state function to obtain a participating control model;

[0009] The adjustable capacity range of the central air conditioner in a commercial building participating in demand response is evaluated according to the non-participation control model and the participation control model, wherein the adjustable capacity range includes a system power range and an energy consumption adjustable range.

[0010] Preferably, the equivalent thermal parameter model of the central air-conditioning system of the commercial building is constructed according to the building parameters of the commercial building where the central air-conditioning is located and the nameplate parameters of the central air-conditioning, including:

[0011] According to the architectural parameters of the commercial building where the central air conditioner is located, the indoor equivalent heat capacity and indoor equivalent thermal resistance are calculated respectively;

[0012] An equivalent thermal parameter model of a central air-conditioning system of a commercial building is constructed according to the indoor equivalent heat capacity, the indoor equivalent thermal resistance, the central air-conditioning nameplate parameters, the indoor temperature, the outdoor temperature and the operating power of the central air-conditioning.

[0013] Preferably, the equivalent thermal parameter model of the central air-conditioning system of the commercial building is constructed according to the building parameters of the commercial building where the central air-conditioning is located and the nameplate parameters of the central air-conditioning, and then further includes:

[0014] The equivalent thermal parameter model is discretized into a first-order differential equation to obtain an indoor temperature function, wherein the indoor temperature function expresses the relationship between the indoor temperature and the operating power of the central air conditioner.

[0015] Preferably, the equivalent thermal parameter model is based on the next day's predicted outdoor temperature, the temperature dead zone control interval, the on / off time constraint condition and the first control state function to analyze the relationship between the next day's indoor temperature and the actual operating power when the central air conditioner of the commercial building does not participate in the demand response, and obtains the non-participation control model, including:

[0016] According to the temperature dead zone control interval, the on / off time constraint condition and the indoor temperature, the central air conditioning control rules are configured for the controllable central air conditioning and the uncontrollable central air conditioning, and a first control state function is generated;

[0017] Based on the equivalent thermal parameter model, the relationship between the next day's indoor temperature and the actual operating power when the central air-conditioning in a commercial building does not participate in demand response is analyzed according to the next day's predicted outdoor temperature obtained according to the meteorological forecast data and the first control state function to obtain a non-participation control model.

[0018] Preferably, the equivalent thermal parameter model is based on the next day's outdoor predicted temperature, the temperature dead zone control interval, the on / off time constraint condition and the first control state function to analyze the relationship between the next day's indoor temperature and the actual operating power when the central air conditioner of the commercial building does not participate in the demand response, and obtains the non-participation control model, which also includes:

[0019] Based on the preset temperature value of the central air conditioner and the temperature dead zone control width, the temperature dead zone control upper limit and the temperature dead zone control lower limit are calculated respectively to obtain the temperature dead zone control range.

[0020] Preferably, the relationship between the next day's indoor temperature and the actual operating power of the central air conditioner in a commercial building participating in demand response is analyzed based on the equivalent thermal parameter model according to the temperature dead zone control interval, the power on / off time constraint condition, the body temperature function, and the second control state function to obtain a participating control model, including:

[0021] According to the temperature dead zone control interval and the body temperature function, the upper limit of the air conditioning temperature control and the lower limit of the air conditioning temperature control are calculated respectively to obtain the air conditioning temperature control interval;

[0022] The central air conditioning control rules are configured for the controllable central air conditioning and the uncontrollable central air conditioning respectively by using the air conditioning temperature control interval, the on / off time constraint condition and the indoor temperature, and a second control state function is generated;

[0023] Based on the equivalent thermal parameter model, the relationship between the next day's indoor temperature and the actual operating power when the central air conditioner of a commercial building participates in demand response is analyzed according to the next day's outdoor predicted temperature obtained according to the weather forecast data and the second control state function to obtain a participating control model.

[0024] Preferably, the evaluation of the adjustable capacity range of the commercial building central air conditioner participating in demand response according to the non-participation control model and the participation control model includes a system power range and an energy consumption adjustable range, including:

[0025] Solving and calculating the central air-conditioning cluster in the non-participation control model to obtain the non-participation total power and the non-participation cumulative energy consumption;

[0026] Solving and calculating the central air conditioning cluster in the participating control model to obtain the participating total power range and the participating total energy consumption range;

[0027] The difference between the participating total power interval and the non-participating total power, and the difference between the participating total energy consumption interval and the non-participating cumulative energy consumption are calculated respectively to obtain the adjustable capacity range of the central air conditioner in the commercial building participating in the demand response, and the adjustable capacity range includes the system power range and the energy consumption adjustable range.

[0028] The second aspect of the present application provides a demand response capability assessment device for a central air conditioner in a commercial building, comprising:

[0029] A model building unit, used for building an equivalent thermal parameter model of a central air conditioning system of a commercial building according to the building parameters of the commercial building where the central air conditioning is located and the nameplate parameters of the central air conditioning;

[0030] A non-participation analysis unit is used to analyze the relationship between the next day's indoor temperature and the actual operating power when the central air conditioner of the commercial building does not participate in the demand response based on the equivalent thermal parameter model, according to the next day's outdoor predicted temperature, the temperature dead zone control interval, the on / off time constraint condition and the first control state function, to obtain a non-participation control model;

[0031] A participation analysis unit, configured to analyze the relationship between the next day's indoor temperature and the actual operating power of the central air conditioner of a commercial building when participating in demand response based on the equivalent thermal parameter model, according to the temperature dead zone control interval, the on / off time constraint condition, the body temperature function, and the second control state function, to obtain a participation control model;

[0032] The capacity evaluation unit is used to evaluate the adjustable capacity range of the central air conditioner of the commercial building participating in demand response according to the non-participation control model and the participation control model, wherein the adjustable capacity range includes a system power range and an energy consumption adjustable range.

[0033] Preferably, the participating analysis unit comprises:

[0034] An interval calculation subunit, used to calculate the air-conditioning temperature control upper limit and the air-conditioning temperature control lower limit respectively according to the temperature dead zone control interval and the body temperature function, so as to obtain the air-conditioning temperature control interval;

[0035] A rule configuration subunit, configured to configure central air-conditioning control rules for the controllable central air-conditioning and the uncontrollable central air-conditioning respectively according to the air-conditioning temperature control interval, the on / off time constraint condition and the indoor temperature, and generate a second control state function;

[0036] The control analysis subunit is used to analyze the relationship between the next day's indoor temperature and the actual operating power when the central air-conditioning in a commercial building participates in demand response based on the equivalent thermal parameter model, the next day's outdoor predicted temperature obtained according to the meteorological forecast data and the second control state function, and obtain a participating control model.

[0037] Preferably, the capability assessment unit comprises:

[0038] A first calculation subunit is used to solve and calculate the central air-conditioning cluster in the non-participation control model to obtain the non-participation total power and the non-participation cumulative energy consumption;

[0039] The second calculation subunit is used to solve and calculate the central air-conditioning cluster in the participating control model to obtain the participating total power interval and the participating total energy consumption interval;

[0040] The range calculation subunit is used to respectively calculate the difference between the participating total power interval and the non-participating total power, and the participating total energy consumption interval and the non-participating cumulative energy consumption, to obtain the adjustable capacity range of the central air-conditioning in commercial buildings participating in demand response, wherein the adjustable capacity range includes the system power range and the energy consumption adjustable range.

[0041] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that the embodiments of the present application have the following advantages:

[0042] In the present application, a method for evaluating the demand response capability of central air conditioners in commercial buildings is provided, including: constructing an equivalent thermal parameter model of the central air conditioning system of the commercial building according to the building parameters of the commercial building where the central air conditioner is located and the nameplate parameters of the central air conditioner; based on the equivalent thermal parameter model, analyzing the relationship between the next day's indoor temperature and the actual operating power when the central air conditioner of the commercial building does not participate in the demand response according to the next day's outdoor predicted temperature, the temperature dead zone control interval, the on / off time constraint condition and the first control state function, and obtaining a non-participating control model; based on the equivalent thermal parameter model, analyzing the relationship between the next day's indoor temperature and the actual operating power when the central air conditioner of the commercial building participates in the demand response according to the temperature dead zone control interval, the on / off time constraint condition, the perceived temperature function and the second control state function, and obtaining a participating control model; evaluating the adjustable capacity range of the central air conditioner of the commercial building participating in the demand response according to the non-participating control model and the participating control model, the adjustable capacity range including the system power range and the energy consumption adjustable range.

[0043] The demand response capability evaluation method for central air conditioners in commercial buildings provided in this application determines the demand response capability of the central air conditioner cluster in commercial buildings from the perspective of power grid operators and conducts targeted evaluation. In the evaluation process, the influence of factors such as the building parameters of commercial buildings, the nameplate parameters of central air conditioners, meteorological forecast data, and perceived temperature on the load demand response capability of central air conditioners is considered, which can ensure the accuracy of the adjustable capability range obtained by the evaluation, and thus provide more reliable theoretical support for the load demand response of power grids involving central air conditioners. Moreover, the parameters involved in the analysis and calculation of the entire process are easy to obtain, and the calculation process is simple and easy to execute. Therefore, this application can solve the technical problem that the prior art lacks analysis of the energy adjustable range of the central air conditioner cluster in commercial buildings from the perspective of power grid operators, resulting in a certain degree of lack of efficiency in the demand response effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] Figure 1 A flow chart of a method for evaluating the demand response capability of central air conditioners in commercial buildings provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a demand response capability assessment device for central air conditioning in a commercial building provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0047] For easier understanding, see Figure 1 , an embodiment of a method for evaluating demand response capability of a central air conditioner in a commercial building provided by the present application includes:

[0048] Step 101: construct an equivalent thermal parameter model of a central air conditioning system of a commercial building according to the building parameters of the commercial building where the central air conditioning is located and the nameplate parameters of the central air conditioning.

[0049] Furthermore, step 101 includes:

[0050] According to the architectural parameters of the commercial building where the central air conditioner is located, the indoor equivalent heat capacity and indoor equivalent thermal resistance are calculated respectively;

[0051] An equivalent thermal parameter model of the central air-conditioning system in a commercial building is constructed based on the indoor equivalent heat capacity, indoor equivalent thermal resistance, central air-conditioning nameplate parameters, indoor temperature, outdoor temperature and central air-conditioning operating power.

[0052] Furthermore, step 101 further includes:

[0053] The equivalent thermal parameter model is discretized into a first-order differential equation to obtain an indoor temperature function, which expresses the relationship between the indoor temperature and the operating power of the central air conditioner.

[0054] It should be noted that by equating the indoor environment of a commercial building, the external environment, and the central air-conditioning system to the thermal resistance, heat capacity, and cold / heat source of a thermodynamic model, an equivalent thermal parameter model can be constructed by analyzing the heat transfer process in the building. This embodiment mainly takes into account the influence of the building parameters of the commercial building and the nameplate parameters and modeling of the central air-conditioning, and then analyzes the influence of these factors on the participation of the central air-conditioning in demand response, and obtains an adjustable capacity evaluation result that is more in line with the actual situation.

[0055] The process of calculating the indoor equivalent heat capacity C based on the building parameters of the commercial building where the central air conditioner is located is:

[0056] C=ρ a V b C a

[0057] Among them, C a is the specific heat capacity of air, ρ a is the air density, V b It is the commercial building space volume in the building parameters.

[0058] The process of calculating the indoor equivalent thermal resistance R according to the architectural parameters of the commercial building where the central air conditioner is located is:

[0059]

[0060] Among them, K top , K w are the heat transfer coefficients of the ceiling and wall of commercial buildings, S top , S w Represent the ceiling and interior wall areas of commercial buildings respectively.

[0061] The equivalent thermal parameter model constructed based on the indoor equivalent heat capacity C, indoor equivalent thermal resistance R, central air conditioner nameplate parameters, indoor temperature, outdoor temperature and central air conditioner operating power is expressed as:

[0062]

[0063] Among them, T(t), T o (t) respectively represent the indoor temperature and outdoor temperature at time t, η is the nameplate parameter of the central air conditioner, P(t) is the operating power of the central air conditioner, which can be changed according to whether it participates in the grid load demand response and is the variable to be analyzed in this embodiment. It can be found that the equivalent thermal parameter model is a first-order differential equation, and the model can be discretized into a first-order differential equation, with T(t) as the initial value, to obtain the indoor temperature at time t+Δt:

[0064]

[0065] Among them, when the central air conditioner is cooling, P(t) is a positive value; when the central air conditioner is heating, P(t) is a negative value, and when the central air conditioner is stopped, P(t) = 0. For the convenience of calculation, the indoor temperature function obtained after discretization can be used for specific calculation when analyzing the relationship between temperature and power of the building central air conditioner participating in or not participating in demand response based on the equivalent thermal parameter model, which will not be repeated later.

[0066] Step 102: Based on the equivalent thermal parameter model, the relationship between the next day's indoor temperature and the actual operating power when the central air conditioner of the commercial building does not participate in demand response is analyzed according to the next day's outdoor predicted temperature, the temperature dead zone control interval, the on / off time constraint condition and the first control state function to obtain a non-participation control model.

[0067] Further, step 102 includes:

[0068] According to the temperature dead zone control interval, the on / off time constraint condition and the indoor temperature, the central air conditioning control rules are configured for the controllable central air conditioning and the uncontrollable central air conditioning, and a first control state function is generated;

[0069] Based on the equivalent thermal parameter model, the relationship between the next day's indoor temperature and the actual operating power when the central air-conditioning in commercial buildings does not participate in demand response is analyzed according to the next day's outdoor predicted temperature obtained from meteorological forecast data and the first control state function, and a non-participation control model is obtained.

[0070] Furthermore, step 102, before that, also includes:

[0071] Based on the preset temperature value of the central air conditioner and the temperature dead zone control width, the temperature dead zone control upper limit and the temperature dead zone control lower limit are calculated respectively to obtain the temperature dead zone control range.

[0072] It should be noted that, in order to analyze the full-day operation of the central air conditioner in the commercial building without participating in the demand response, this embodiment selects an appropriate time interval Δt, divides the whole day of the next day into n time periods, and the set of time periods of the next day is recorded as [τ] = {τ1, τ2, ..., τ n}. Moreover, commercial buildings can be divided into two categories: shopping malls and office buildings. The central air-conditioning system of shopping malls is put into operation at to For example, 10:00-22:00; the central air-conditioning system of an office building is put into operation on weekdays. to For example, 9:00-18:00. In addition, according to relevant policies and regulations, the indoor temperature of public buildings shall not be lower than 26℃ in summer and higher than 20℃ in winter.

[0073] When the central air conditioner in a commercial building does not participate in demand response, the owner can set the comfort temperature according to the actual situation, that is, the central air conditioner preset temperature value T set , the temperature dead zone control width is ΔT, then the temperature dead zone control upper limit and temperature dead zone control lower limit can be expressed as:

[0074]

[0075]

[0076] The temperature dead zone control interval composed of the temperature dead zone control upper limit and the temperature dead zone control lower limit can be expressed as: It is also understandable that the temperature dead zone control interval needs to meet the temperature requirements of the above-mentioned public buildings in summer and winter.

[0077] The control of central air conditioning in commercial buildings is mainly based on the indoor temperature T(τ i+1 ) and temperature dead zone control range Specifically, when T(τ i+1 ) is lower than the lower limit of temperature dead zone control The air conditioner should be turned off to prevent the temperature from dropping further. If T(τ i+1 ) is higher than the upper limit of the temperature deadband control The air conditioner should be started to prevent the temperature from rising further. i+1 ) is within the temperature dead zone control range, just maintain the current control command unchanged.

[0078] Considering that frequent start and stop of the central air conditioner will accelerate the wear of equipment components and reduce the service life of equipment such as compressors, in order to minimize the negative impact of the start and stop operation on the central air conditioner, this embodiment also sets a start and stop time constraint. The start and stop time constraint stipulates that the minimum start time of the central air conditioner is not less than Minimum downtime is not less than It is stipulated that the minimum start / stop time control command takes precedence over the temperature dead zone control command. The value of the time interval Δt should be less than and

[0079] Based on the temperature dead zone control interval mentioned above Power on / off time constraints The control rules of central air conditioning in commercial buildings can be analyzed. If T(τ i+1 ) Within the temperature dead zone control range, the operating state is not subject to the power on / off time constraints. , the central air conditioner in a commercial building whose operating state is not restricted by the on / off time constraint is defined as a controllable central air conditioner. i+1 ) is not within the temperature dead zone control range, and the air conditioner on / off state is subject to the on / off time constraint condition If the restriction is not met, the commercial building central air conditioner whose operating state is subject to the on / off time constraint condition is defined as an uncontrollable central air conditioner. Then it can be stipulated that the start and stop time of the uncontrollable central air conditioner must meet the on / off time constraint condition. It cannot be remotely turned off or on at will, that is, it is allowed to exist outside the temperature dead zone control range. In order to ensure the minimum startup / shutdown time, the start / stop state of the air conditioner does not change.

[0080] Based on the above, the central air conditioning control rules can be configured to obtain the first control state function δ(τ). When the central air conditioning is running, δ(τ) = 1; when the central air conditioning is stopped, δ(τ) = 0. Obviously, the actual operating power of the central air conditioning when not participating in demand response can be defined as P 1 (τ) = P rat δ(τ), where δ(τ) is the parameter to be determined, P rat is the rated power of the central air conditioner; there are different control rules for controllable central air conditioners and uncontrollable central air conditioners, and different δ(τ) can be obtained. Specifically, when the air conditioner is a controllable central air conditioner, that is:

[0081]

[0082] τ i+1 The time δ(τ i+1 )satisfy:

[0083]

[0084] Among them, τ on , τ off They are respectively the start time and shutdown time of the central air conditioner when only the temperature dead zone control interval is considered.

[0085] When the air conditioner is an uncontrollable central air conditioner, that is:

[0086]

[0087] τ i+1 The time δ(τ i+1 ) meets the requirements:

[0088] δ(τ i+1 )=δ(τ i )

[0089] When the central air conditioner starts to operate, the initial parameter is T(τ) = T o (τ), that is, the initial indoor temperature is consistent with the outdoor temperature. Then, the predicted outdoor temperature T for the next day can be obtained based on the weather forecast data. o '(τ), based on the indoor temperature function obtained by discretizing the equivalent thermal parameter model and the first control state function, the indoor temperature T(τ i+1 ):

[0090]

[0091] Based on the above analysis, a non-participating control model can be obtained to predict the full-day operation of central air conditioning in commercial buildings the next day.

[0092] Step 103: Based on the equivalent thermal parameter model, the relationship between the next day's indoor temperature and the actual operating power of the central air conditioner in the commercial building participating in demand response is analyzed according to the temperature dead zone control interval, the power on / off time constraint condition, the body temperature function and the second control state function to obtain a participating control model.

[0093] Furthermore, step 103 includes:

[0094] According to the temperature dead zone control range and the body temperature function, the upper limit and the lower limit of the air conditioning temperature control are calculated respectively to obtain the air conditioning temperature control range;

[0095] Central air conditioning control rules are configured for controllable central air conditioning and uncontrollable central air conditioning respectively through air conditioning temperature control interval, on / off time constraint conditions and indoor temperature, and a second control state function is generated;

[0096] Based on the equivalent thermal parameter model, the relationship between the next day's indoor temperature and the actual operating power when the central air-conditioning in commercial buildings participates in demand response is analyzed according to the next day's outdoor predicted temperature obtained from meteorological forecast data and the second control state function, and the participatory control model is obtained.

[0097] It is understandable that the analysis of the operation of the central air conditioner for the whole day of the next day in response to demand also requires discretization of the whole day of the next day. The specific process will not be repeated here, and you can refer to the above method. Considering that the indoor temperature of commercial buildings needs to be acceptable to users, this embodiment optimizes the central air conditioner setting value based on the human body temperature theory, thereby obtaining the body temperature function:

[0098]

[0099] Among them, AT is the body temperature, T o is the ambient temperature, Pa is the indoor water vapor pressure, V is the indoor wind speed, and RH is the relative humidity of the indoor air, which are parameters obtained based on meteorological forecast data.

[0100] Set the temperature dead zone control interval The upper and lower limits of are used as the body temperature input into the above body temperature function, that is, The corresponding upper limit of the ambient temperature can be calculated and lower limit Then, when participating in demand response, the upper limit of air conditioning temperature control is specified and air conditioning temperature control lower limit for:

[0101]

[0102] That is, the air conditioning temperature control range is obtained, including the upper limit and the lower limit.

[0103] It is understandable that when the central air conditioner of a commercial building participates in demand response throughout its operation time, and the response instruction is to continuously increase / decrease power, the upper and lower limits of the energy consumption of the central air conditioner load can be obtained accordingly, that is, the adjustable range of its demand response. Moreover, when the central air conditioner of a commercial building participates in demand response, it also needs to meet the requirements of the temperature dead zone control range and the power on / off time constraints. The difference is that in order to adapt to the peak shaving and valley filling requirements of demand response, it is necessary to increase or decrease the energy consumption of the central air conditioner, so the temperature dead zone control range must be adjusted to obtain the air conditioner temperature control range.

[0104] Similarly, there are also controllable and uncontrollable central air conditioners participating in demand response. Increasing or reducing the energy consumption of central air conditioners is for controllable central air conditioners. Therefore, when configuring central air conditioner control rules, it is necessary to divide the air conditioners into controllable and uncontrollable ones, as well as the situations of increasing power and reducing power.

[0105] Specifically, the second control state function δ(τ) is still defined. When the central air conditioner is running, δ(τ) = 1; when the central air conditioner is stopped, δ(τ) = 0, and the actual operating power of the central air conditioner participating in the demand response can be defined as P 2 (τ) = P rat δ(τ). When the air conditioner is a controllable central air conditioner, that is:

[0106]

[0107] If the demand response instruction is to reduce power, then the purpose is to reduce the power of the central air conditioning cluster while taking into account the user's perceived temperature, then the following provisions are made:

[0108]

[0109] Among them, T(τ i+1 ) is the indoor temperature for the next time period.

[0110] If the demand response instruction is to increase the power, then the purpose is to increase the power of the central air conditioning cluster while taking into account the user's perceived temperature, then the following provisions are made:

[0111]

[0112] If the air conditioner is an uncontrollable central air conditioner, that is:

[0113]

[0114] Regardless of whether the demand response instruction is to increase or decrease power, it is stipulated that:

[0115] δ(τ i+1 )=δ(τ i )

[0116] When the central air conditioner starts to operate, the initial parameter is T(τ) = T o (τ), that is, the initial indoor temperature is consistent with the outdoor temperature. Then, the predicted outdoor temperature T for the next day can be obtained based on the weather forecast data. o '(τ), based on the indoor temperature function obtained by discretization of the equivalent thermal parameter model and the second control state function δ(τ), the indoor temperature T(τ) of the next day can be calculated. i+1 ):

[0117]

[0118] Based on the above analysis, a participatory control model can be obtained to predict the operation status of central air-conditioning in commercial buildings throughout the next day.

[0119] Step 104: Evaluate the adjustable capacity range of the commercial building central air conditioner participating in demand response according to the non-participation control model and the participation control model, where the adjustable capacity range includes the system power range and the energy consumption adjustable range.

[0120] Furthermore, step 104 includes:

[0121] Solve and calculate the central air conditioning cluster in the non-participation control model to obtain the non-participation total power and non-participation cumulative energy consumption;

[0122] Solve and calculate the central air-conditioning cluster in the participating control model to obtain the participating total power range and participating total energy consumption range;

[0123] The differences between the participating total power range and the non-participating total power, and the participating total energy consumption range and the non-participating cumulative energy consumption are calculated respectively, and the adjustable capacity range of the central air-conditioning in commercial buildings participating in demand response is obtained. The adjustable capacity range includes the system power range and the energy consumption adjustable range.

[0124] It should be noted that based on the non-participation control model, the central air-conditioning load clusters including N commercial buildings can be analyzed one by one to obtain the system power of the central air-conditioning of the jth commercial building when it does not participate in demand response the next day. Changes over time. In the time period τ i , the non-participating total power of the commercial building central air conditioning cluster is:

[0125]

[0126] The central air conditioning load cluster corresponding to this time period does not participate in the cumulative energy consumption:

[0127]

[0128] Similarly, when the central air-conditioning cluster containing N commercial buildings all participates in demand response during the operation period and executes a unified power reduction / increase instruction, the central air-conditioning load cluster containing N commercial buildings can be analyzed one by one based on the participation control model to obtain the system power of the central air-conditioning of the jth commercial building when it does not participate in demand response the next day. Changes over time.

[0129] When the demand response instruction is to reduce power, the power of the central air-conditioning system of the jth commercial building is P dn,j (τ); When the demand response instruction is to increase the power, the power of the central air-conditioning system of the jth commercial building is P up,j (τ). In the time period τ i , the lower and upper limits of the total power range of the commercial building central air conditioning cluster are expressed as:

[0130]

[0131]

[0132] The lower and upper limits of the total energy consumption range of the commercial building central air conditioning cluster are expressed as:

[0133]

[0134]

[0135] The difference between the participating total power interval and the non-participating total power interval is calculated as:

[0136]

[0137]

[0138] The obtained system power range is expressed as

[0139] The difference between the total energy consumption interval and the cumulative energy consumption not participating is calculated as:

[0140]

[0141]

[0142] The energy consumption adjustable range is expressed as

[0143] The demand response capability evaluation method for central air conditioners in commercial buildings provided in the embodiment of the present application determines the demand response capability of the central air conditioner cluster of commercial buildings from the perspective of the power grid operator and conducts a targeted evaluation. In the evaluation process, the influence of factors such as the building parameters of the commercial building, the nameplate parameters of the central air conditioner, the meteorological forecast data, and the perceived temperature on the central air conditioner load demand response capability is considered, which can ensure the accuracy of the adjustable capability range obtained by the evaluation, and thus provide more reliable theoretical support for the power grid load demand response involving the central air conditioner. Moreover, the parameters involved in the analysis and calculation of the entire process are easy to obtain, and the calculation process is simple and easy to execute. Therefore, the embodiment of the present application can solve the technical problem that the prior art lacks analysis of the energy adjustable range of the central air conditioner cluster of commercial buildings from the perspective of the power grid operator, resulting in a certain degree of lack of efficiency in the demand response effect.

[0144] For easier understanding, see Figure 2 , the present application provides an embodiment of a demand response capability assessment device for a central air conditioner in a commercial building, including:

[0145] The model building unit 201 is used to build an equivalent thermal parameter model of the central air conditioning system of the commercial building according to the building parameters of the commercial building where the central air conditioning is located and the nameplate parameters of the central air conditioning;

[0146] The non-participation analysis unit 202 is used to analyze the relationship between the next day's indoor temperature and the actual operating power when the central air conditioner of the commercial building does not participate in the demand response based on the equivalent thermal parameter model, according to the next day's outdoor predicted temperature, the temperature dead zone control interval, the on / off time constraint condition and the first control state function, to obtain a non-participation control model;

[0147] The participation analysis unit 203 is used to analyze the relationship between the next day's indoor temperature and the actual operating power when the central air conditioner of the commercial building participates in the demand response based on the equivalent thermal parameter model, the temperature dead zone control interval, the power on / off time constraint condition, the body temperature function and the second control state function, and obtain a participation control model;

[0148] The capacity evaluation unit 204 is used to evaluate the adjustable capacity range of the commercial building central air conditioner participating in demand response according to the non-participation control model and the participation control model, and the adjustable capacity range includes the system power range and the energy consumption adjustable range.

[0149] Furthermore, the participating analysis unit 203 includes:

[0150] The interval calculation subunit 2031 is used to calculate the air conditioning temperature control upper limit and the air conditioning temperature control lower limit according to the temperature dead zone control interval and the body temperature function, so as to obtain the air conditioning temperature control interval;

[0151] A rule configuration subunit 2032 is used to configure central air conditioning control rules for controllable central air conditioning and uncontrollable central air conditioning respectively according to the air conditioning temperature control interval, the on / off time constraint condition and the indoor temperature, and generate a second control state function;

[0152] The control analysis subunit 2033 is used to analyze the relationship between the next day's indoor temperature and the actual operating power when the central air conditioner of the commercial building participates in demand response based on the equivalent thermal parameter model, the next day's outdoor predicted temperature obtained according to the meteorological forecast data and the second control state function, and obtain a participating control model.

[0153] Furthermore, the capability assessment unit 204 includes:

[0154] The first calculation subunit 2041 is used to solve and calculate the central air-conditioning cluster in the non-participation control model to obtain the non-participation total power and the non-participation cumulative energy consumption;

[0155] The second calculation subunit 2042 is used to solve and calculate the central air conditioning cluster in the participating control model to obtain the participating total power interval and the participating total energy consumption interval;

[0156] The range calculation subunit 2043 is used to calculate the difference between the participating total power interval and the non-participating total power, and the participating total energy consumption interval and the non-participating cumulative energy consumption, to obtain the adjustable capacity range of the commercial building central air-conditioning participating in demand response, and the adjustable capacity range includes the system power range and the energy consumption adjustable range.

[0157] In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only schematic. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0158] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0159] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units.

[0160] If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including a number of instructions for executing all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application through a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.). The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (full name in English: Read-Only Memory, English abbreviation: ROM), random access memory (full name in English: Random Access Memory, English abbreviation: RAM), disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes.

[0161] As described above, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the demand response capability of central air conditioners in commercial buildings, characterized in that: include: Construct an equivalent thermal parameter model of the central air conditioning system of a commercial building according to the building parameters of the commercial building where the central air conditioning is located and the nameplate parameters of the central air conditioning; Based on the equivalent thermal parameter model, the relationship between the next day's indoor temperature and the actual operating power when the central air conditioner of the commercial building does not participate in demand response is analyzed according to the next day's outdoor predicted temperature, the temperature dead zone control interval, the on / off time constraint condition and the first control state function, and a non-participation control model is obtained; Based on the equivalent thermal parameter model, the relationship between the next day's indoor temperature and the actual operating power of the central air conditioner in the commercial building participating in the demand response is analyzed according to the temperature dead zone control interval, the power on / off time constraint condition, the body temperature function and the second control state function to obtain a participating control model; The adjustable capacity range of the central air conditioner of a commercial building participating in demand response is evaluated according to the non-participation control model and the participation control model, and the adjustable capacity range includes a system power range and an energy consumption adjustable range.

2. The method for evaluating demand response capability of central air conditioners in commercial buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The equivalent thermal parameter model of the central air conditioning system of the commercial building is constructed according to the building parameters of the commercial building where the central air conditioning is located and the nameplate parameters of the central air conditioning, including: According to the architectural parameters of the commercial building where the central air conditioner is located, the indoor equivalent heat capacity and indoor equivalent thermal resistance are calculated respectively; An equivalent thermal parameter model of a central air-conditioning system of a commercial building is constructed according to the indoor equivalent heat capacity, the indoor equivalent thermal resistance, the central air-conditioning nameplate parameters, the indoor temperature, the outdoor temperature and the operating power of the central air-conditioning.

3. The method for evaluating the demand response capability of central air conditioners in commercial buildings according to claim 2, characterized in that: The equivalent thermal parameter model of the central air conditioning system of the commercial building is constructed according to the building parameters of the commercial building where the central air conditioning is located and the nameplate parameters of the central air conditioning, and then further includes: The equivalent thermal parameter model is discretized into a first-order differential equation to obtain an indoor temperature function, wherein the indoor temperature function expresses the relationship between the indoor temperature and the operating power of the central air conditioner.

4. The method for evaluating demand response capability of central air conditioners in commercial buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the equivalent thermal parameter model, the relationship between the next day's indoor temperature and the actual operating power when the central air conditioner of the commercial building does not participate in the demand response is analyzed according to the next day's outdoor predicted temperature, the temperature dead zone control interval, the on / off time constraint condition and the first control state function, and a non-participation control model is obtained, including: According to the temperature dead zone control interval, the on / off time constraint condition and the indoor temperature, the central air conditioning control rules are configured for the controllable central air conditioning and the uncontrollable central air conditioning, and a first control state function is generated; Based on the equivalent thermal parameter model, the relationship between the next day's indoor temperature and the actual operating power when the central air-conditioning in a commercial building does not participate in demand response is analyzed according to the next day's predicted outdoor temperature obtained according to the meteorological forecast data and the first control state function to obtain a non-participation control model.

5. The method for evaluating demand response capability of central air conditioners in commercial buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the equivalent thermal parameter model, the relationship between the next day's indoor temperature and the actual operating power when the central air conditioner of the commercial building does not participate in the demand response is analyzed according to the next day's outdoor predicted temperature, the temperature dead zone control interval, the on / off time constraint condition and the first control state function to obtain a non-participation control model, which also includes: Based on the preset temperature value of the central air conditioner and the temperature dead zone control width, the temperature dead zone control upper limit and the temperature dead zone control lower limit are calculated respectively to obtain the temperature dead zone control range.

6. The method for evaluating demand response capability of central air conditioners in commercial buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method based on the equivalent thermal parameter model, according to the temperature dead zone control interval, the on / off time constraint condition, the perceived temperature function and the second control state function, analyzes the relationship between the next day's indoor temperature and the actual operating power when the central air conditioner of the commercial building participates in the demand response, and obtains a participating control model, including: According to the temperature dead zone control interval and the body temperature function, the upper limit of the air conditioning temperature control and the lower limit of the air conditioning temperature control are calculated respectively to obtain the air conditioning temperature control interval; The central air conditioning control rules are configured for the controllable central air conditioning and the uncontrollable central air conditioning respectively by using the air conditioning temperature control interval, the on / off time constraint condition and the indoor temperature, and a second control state function is generated; Based on the equivalent thermal parameter model, the relationship between the next day's indoor temperature and the actual operating power when the central air conditioner of a commercial building participates in demand response is analyzed according to the next day's outdoor predicted temperature obtained according to the weather forecast data and the second control state function to obtain a participating control model.

7. The method for evaluating demand response capability of central air conditioners in commercial buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of evaluating the adjustable capacity range of the commercial building central air conditioner participating in demand response according to the non-participation control model and the participation control model, wherein the adjustable capacity range includes a system power range and an energy consumption adjustable range, comprises: Solving and calculating the central air-conditioning cluster in the non-participation control model to obtain the non-participation total power and the non-participation cumulative energy consumption; Solving and calculating the central air conditioning cluster in the participating control model to obtain the participating total power range and the participating total energy consumption range; The difference between the participating total power interval and the non-participating total power, and the difference between the participating total energy consumption interval and the non-participating cumulative energy consumption are calculated respectively to obtain the adjustable capacity range of the central air conditioner in the commercial building participating in the demand response, and the adjustable capacity range includes the system power range and the energy consumption adjustable range.

8. A device for evaluating the demand response capability of central air conditioners in commercial buildings, characterized in that: include: A model building unit, used for building an equivalent thermal parameter model of a central air conditioning system of a commercial building according to the building parameters of the commercial building where the central air conditioning is located and the nameplate parameters of the central air conditioning; A non-participation analysis unit is used to analyze the relationship between the next day's indoor temperature and the actual operating power when the central air conditioner of the commercial building does not participate in the demand response based on the equivalent thermal parameter model, according to the next day's outdoor predicted temperature, the temperature dead zone control interval, the on / off time constraint condition and the first control state function, to obtain a non-participation control model; A participation analysis unit, configured to analyze the relationship between the next day's indoor temperature and the actual operating power of the central air conditioner of a commercial building when participating in demand response based on the equivalent thermal parameter model, according to the temperature dead zone control interval, the on / off time constraint condition, the body temperature function, and the second control state function, to obtain a participation control model; The capacity evaluation unit is used to evaluate the adjustable capacity range of the central air conditioner of the commercial building participating in demand response according to the non-participation control model and the participation control model, wherein the adjustable capacity range includes a system power range and an energy consumption adjustable range.

9. The demand response capability evaluation device for central air conditioners in commercial buildings according to claim 8, characterized in that: The participating analysis unit comprises: An interval calculation subunit, used to calculate the air-conditioning temperature control upper limit and the air-conditioning temperature control lower limit respectively according to the temperature dead zone control interval and the body temperature function, so as to obtain the air-conditioning temperature control interval; A rule configuration subunit, configured to configure central air-conditioning control rules for the controllable central air-conditioning and the uncontrollable central air-conditioning respectively according to the air-conditioning temperature control interval, the on / off time constraint condition and the indoor temperature, and generate a second control state function; The control analysis subunit is used to analyze the relationship between the next day's indoor temperature and the actual operating power when the central air-conditioning in a commercial building participates in demand response based on the equivalent thermal parameter model, the next day's outdoor predicted temperature obtained according to the meteorological forecast data and the second control state function, and obtain a participating control model.

10. The demand response capability evaluation device for central air conditioners in commercial buildings according to claim 8, characterized in that: The capability assessment unit comprises: A first calculation subunit is used to solve and calculate the central air-conditioning cluster in the non-participation control model to obtain the non-participation total power and the non-participation cumulative energy consumption; The second calculation subunit is used to solve and calculate the central air-conditioning cluster in the participating control model to obtain the participating total power interval and the participating total energy consumption interval; The range calculation subunit is used to respectively calculate the difference between the participating total power interval and the non-participating total power, and the participating total energy consumption interval and the non-participating cumulative energy consumption, to obtain the adjustable capacity range of the central air-conditioning in commercial buildings participating in demand response, wherein the adjustable capacity range includes the system power range and the energy consumption adjustable range.

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