Device for reducing fretting wear in interference fit cone crusher heads

Abstract

A cone crusher head (210), a system (200), and a crusher (300) including the system. A conical shroud (220) extends radially from an interference fit section (120) and has a head diameter D. ch The conical cover has a wear-resistant support surface and a shaft support surface. The interference fit section has a nominal interference fit diameter D. if The conical cover has an armpit recess (240) for receiving a slip ring (320). The armpit recess is formed by an armpit thickness of L. a A conical shroud covers the crusher head. Fretting wear is reduced by determining the dimensions of the crusher head, resulting in a head diameter D... ch With nominal interference fit diameter D if The ratio is at most 2.5; and the head diameter D ch With armpit thickness L a The ratio is at least 10.5.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure generally relates to the reduction of fretting wear in the interference fit of a cone crusher head. Background Technology

[0002] This section provides useful background information, but does not acknowledge that any techniques described herein represent prior art.

[0003] In a cone crusher, the crusher head is supported and driven by a main shaft to generate crushing force within a crushing chamber defined by outer and inner wear sections. The crusher head is typically integrally formed with the main shaft or attached to it via a tapered fit or interference fit. In the latter case, the crusher head or supporting cone defines a bore of a given height and diameter that expands sufficiently upon heating to allow the crusher head to be placed on the main shaft. Upon cooling to the same temperature as the main shaft, the interference fit securely holds the crusher head in place. Interference fits are also used to attach train wheels to their axles.

[0004] Unlike train wheels, the interference fit of a cone crusher head withstands very complex dynamic force variations. The majority of the crushing work in a cone crusher head is typically performed near the outermost edge of the bottom region. The bearings of the main shaft require lubrication and must be isolated from minerals and other contaminants. Therefore, there are slip rings attached to the fixed bottom of the cone crusher, and the moving crusher head is shaped to include armpit-like grooves that receive the slip rings.

[0005] The inventors have analyzed the forces generated during the crushing process and their impact on wear occurring in the crusher head and main shaft. The armpit groove partially aggravates the harmful forces, increasing the mutual sliding distance between the crusher head and the main shaft. That is, the crushing forces induce localized forces in the interference fit area, which sometimes exceed the forces generated by thermal expansion (or contraction), potentially leading to mutual sliding on the order of tens of micrometers. The inventors investigated this mutual sliding based on numerous factors, including the geometry of the shaft and the crusher head.

[0006] The inventors have now developed specific improvements to the crusher head and main shaft, which significantly reduce fretting wear on the crusher head and main shaft. The object of this invention is to reduce fretting wear caused by the interference fit of the cone crusher head. Another object of this invention is to provide at least one new technical alternative. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The appended claims define the scope of protection. Any examples and technical descriptions of devices, products, and / or methods not covered by the claims in the specification and / or drawings are not presented as embodiments of the invention, but as background art or examples to aid in understanding the invention.

[0008] According to a first exemplary aspect, a crushing head for a cone crusher is provided, comprising:

[0009] A conical cover extends radially from the interference fit section and includes a wear support surface and a shaft support surface;

[0010] The shaft support surface includes an interference fit section for supporting the crusher head to the main shaft;

[0011] The interference fit section has a nominal interference fit diameter D if ;

[0012] The conical cover includes an armpit recess for receiving the slip ring;

[0013] The armpit groove is covered with an armpit thickness L a The cone-shaped cover provides coverage, with an armpit thickness of L. a It is the minimum distance between the wear support surface and the armpit;

[0014] The conical cover has a head diameter D ch This diameter is the maximum diameter of the crusher head; whereby fretting wear is reduced by determining the size of the crusher head in order to minimize the deformation of the interference fit section:

[0015] Head diameter D ch With nominal interference fit diameter D if The ratio is at most 2.5; and

[0016] Head diameter D ch With armpit thickness L a The ratio is at least 10.5.

[0017] It is acknowledged that the crusher head of a cone crusher typically has a given wear support surface angle and a protrusion below the bottom level of the interference fit section. By increasing the ratio of the head diameter to the armhole thickness, the interference fit section can be proportionally enlarged, thereby reducing the overall deformation of the main shaft and the crusher head. In the crusher head of the first exemplary aspect, this deformation can be reduced, thereby reducing fretting wear in the interference fit section and extending the service life of the main shaft and / or the crusher head.

[0018] The armpit groove can be defined by the inner radius and outer radius of the central axis of the crusher head. The central axis can be defined by the interference fit section of the crusher head or the axis of symmetry of the interference fit section.

[0019] The inner radius of the armpit groove can decrease continuously or remain constant from the top. The outer radius can increase continuously or remain constant from the top. There may be no shrinkage on either side of the armpit groove. Because the inner radius neither increases nor the outer radius decreases, the armpit groove can be easily manufactured and / or modified.

[0020] The terms "inward" and "outward" can refer to directions perpendicular to the central axis and directions perpendicular to the central axis, respectively.

[0021] The armpit groove may have a rounded apex. The rounded apex may be defined by a first portion of a first circle of a first radius R1 and a second portion of a second circle of a second radius R2. The first circle may have a first center, and the second circle may have a second center.

[0022] The first and second centers can be vertically aligned. The second radius can be larger than the first radius. The second center can be located below the first center. The second center can be vertically aligned with the interference fit section.

[0023] The first circle can extend below the interference fit section. The second circle can extend below the interference fit section. If the rounded top section is defined by a single circle, the single circle can extend below the interference fit section. By forming a relatively shallow armpit groove, the deformation force around the armpit groove can be controlled, and fretting wear can be further reduced. This net effect is surprising: the deeper the interference fit section extends below the top of the armpit groove, the longer the interference fit section can be formed, so a shallower armpit portion seems to contradict the purpose of reducing fretting wear.

[0024] The first portion of the first circle may extend outward from the armpit groove, extending vertically to the level of the first center at most.

[0025] The first part of the first circle can extend throughout the entire sector, which extends vertically upward from the first center and horizontally outward from the first center. The first part of the first circle can define a sector extending vertically upward from the first center and horizontally outward from the first center. The second part can extend continuously inward from the first part. The second part can consist of sectors with angles less than 90 degrees. The second part can consist of sectors with angles less than or equal to 80 degrees. The second part can consist of sectors with angles greater than or equal to 60 degrees.

[0026] The inner radius can continuously decrease towards the bottom of the interference fit section. The bottom of the inner side of the armpit groove can be aligned with the interference fit section.

[0027] The inner side of the armpit groove can approach the bottom of the interference fit section at an offset angle relative to the central axis. The offset angle can be at most 40 degrees. The offset angle can be at most 30 degrees. The offset angle can be at most 20 degrees. The offset angle can be at least 30 degrees. The offset angle can be at least 20 degrees. The offset angle can be at least 10 degrees.

[0028] The angle between the outer side and the middle surface of the armpit groove is greater than 270 degrees.

[0029] The crusher head can be configured to be laterally supported by the main shaft only through an interference fit section.

[0030] In this document, the vertical direction and other vertical-based terms (such as up, down, top, and bottom) refer to the longitudinal direction of the main shaft, such that the top is the direction in which mineral material is received and moves towards the bottom due to gravity. During operation, the main shaft may tilt from one side to the other, but on average, when the cone crusher is supported horizontally, the central axis of the main shaft and the crusher head can be considered vertically aligned.

[0031] According to a second exemplary aspect, a system is provided, including a crusher head and a main shaft as described in the first exemplary aspect.

[0032] The main shaft may include an interference fit section for supporting the crusher head, the interference fit section having a nominal interference fit diameter D. if .

[0033] The spindle may include a bottom section extending between the bottom end of the spindle and the interference fit section. The bottom section may include a bottom and a neck.

[0034] The bottom can have a bottom length L bp and bottom diameter D bp Bottom diameter D bp It remains unchanged below the neck, at least for the bottom length L. bp 50%.

[0035] The diameter of the neck can increase toward the interference fit section.

[0036] The spindle can have a spindle length L ms .

[0037] To further reduce fretting wear in the interference fit section, L ms 1.3 / D if It can be up to 40 mm 0.3 .

[0038] To further reduce fretting wear in the interference fit section, D bp 1.421 / D if It can be up to 9.0 mm. 0.421 .

[0039] Spindle length L ms It can be at least 1200mm.

[0040] Advantageously, it has been found that the second exemplary aspect increases the wear life of the cone crusher head of a commercially available cone crusher by reducing the deformation caused by the load on the main shaft in the interference fit section. Although this advantage has been achieved despite the opposite effect resulting from the corresponding reduction in the material thickness of the crusher head in the interference fit section due to the need to increase the shaft opening into the crusher head, the advantage has been realized.

[0041] More advantageously, it has been found that the second exemplary aspect can reduce energy dissipation from sliding and contact, and also reduce stress and stress changes caused when the cone crusher head is attached to the main shaft of the second exemplary aspect.

[0042] Furthermore, it has been found that the inertia of the combination of the main shaft and the crusher head does not increase proportionally with the increase in diameter, because the increased inertia on the main shaft side is compensated by the decreased inertia on the crusher head side.

[0043] Furthermore, it has been determined that the increased diameter in the interference fit section also increases the load surface area in the interference fit section, which further helps to reduce fretting wear. At the same time, the reduced deformation in the interference fit section is considered to be the main reason for the significant increase in service life.

[0044] The interference fit section can have an interference fit section length B, and the interference fit section is configured to interfere with the crusher head along its entire length. D bp 1.421 / D if It can be up to 8.0 mm. 0.421 D bp 1.421 / D if It can be up to 7.7 mm. 0.421 .

[0045] The main shaft may consist of only one interference fit section for attaching the crusher head. The interference fit section may be longitudinally continuous.

[0046] D bp 1.421 / D if It can be at least 6.4 mm. 0.421 D bp 1.421 / D if It can be at least 6.9 mm. 0.421 .

[0047] The spindle may include a top extending from the interference fit section to the top surface of the spindle.

[0048] The neck diameter can be increased towards the interference fit section to the diameter of the interference fit section.

[0049] The nominal interference fit section diameter can be adapted to the diameter of the interference fit crusher head with the nominal interference fit diameter.

[0050] The main shaft can be configured to laterally support the crusher head solely through an interference fit section. Advantageously, by providing lateral support for the crusher head solely through the interference fit section, it is unnecessary to allocate some of the main shaft's height for additional lateral support of the crusher head. Consequently, the interference fit section can be made longer in the longitudinal direction, thereby further reducing fretting wear. Even more advantageously, the machining of the crusher head becomes simpler because it eliminates the need to machine opening sections of varying radii for longitudinal support. The longitudinal length of the interference fit section can be at least 50% of the longitudinal length or height of the cone crusher head.

[0051] According to a third exemplary aspect, a system is provided that includes a main shaft and a cone crusher head, as described in the second exemplary aspect, the cone crusher head being configured to be interference-fitted to an interference-fit section of the main shaft.

[0052] The cone crusher head can be attached to the main shaft.

[0053] According to a fourth exemplary aspect, a cone crusher including a system of the second exemplary aspect is provided.

[0054] Different non-binding exemplary aspects and implementations have been described above. The foregoing implementations are only for illustrating selected aspects or steps that can be used in different implementations. Some implementations may be presented with reference only to certain exemplary aspects. It should be understood that corresponding implementations can also be applied to other exemplary aspects. Attached Figure Description

[0055] Some exemplary embodiments will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0056] Figure 1 The spindle of an exemplary embodiment is schematically shown;

[0057] Figure 2 The system of the main shaft and cone crusher head of an exemplary embodiment is illustrated schematically;

[0058] Figure 3 The illustration shows including Figure 2 The system of cone crushers; and

[0059] Figure 4 schematically shown Figure 2 Further details about the cone crusher head. Detailed Implementation

[0060] In the following description, similar reference numerals denote similar elements or steps.

[0061] Figure 1 The spindle 100 of an exemplary embodiment is shown schematically. Figure 1 Some parts and dimensions of the spindle (ms) are shown, such as thread 110 for attaching the wear-resistant part (not shown) by a nut (not shown); interference fit section 120; bottom spindle section 130, including bottom 134 and neck 132 between bottom 134 and interference fit section (120).

[0062] Figure 1 The display shows some dimensions, such as L for length and D for diameter, with subscripts indicating the objects they relate to.

[0063] exist Figure 1 In this embodiment, the diameter of the bottom remains constant along its entire length, although there may be some possible rounding at the very bottom. In some other embodiments, the diameter of some portions of the bottom may be larger or smaller, but the diameter of the bottom is at least 50% of the bottom length. It is also possible that this at least 50% is formed by two or more portions.

[0064] The interference fit section has a nominal diameter D if The nominal diameter D if The configuration is such that it has a nominal diameter D. if The cone crusher head has an open shaft. In one embodiment, the nominal diameter of one or both ends of the interference fit section is slightly larger, for example, with a nominal diameter D. if Compared to the range of tens or hundreds of parts per million.

[0065] like Figure 1 As shown, in an exemplary embodiment, the main shaft includes only one interference fit section for attaching the crusher head. Preferably, the interference fit section is longitudinally continuous.

[0066] like Figure 1 As shown, the diameter of the neck increases towards the interference fit section. In Figure 1 In this implementation, the neck grows to the nominal diameter, or in other words, the surface of the spindle deviates from the vertical plane formed relative to the axial direction of the spindle, and remains off-center from the center of the interference fit section 120 throughout the neck.

[0067] Similarly, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the main shaft 100 can be configured to be laterally supported only by an interference fit section or at least laterally engaged with the crusher head.

[0068] exist Figure 1 In the main shaft 100, L is made possible by forming an interference section and a bottom. ms 1.3 / D ifUp to 40 mm 0.3 This reduces fretting wear in the interference fit section; while the interference fit section 120 and the bottom make D bp 1.421 / D if At most 9.0 mm 0.421 .

[0069] It should be understood that the main shaft 100 and the cone crusher head form a system. The larger the diameter of the interference fit section, the wider the opening required in the crusher head, and therefore the thinner the structure at this point. Intuitively, it can be assumed that the system becomes more prone to deformation as the diameter increases, since all sides of the shaft are subjected to the compression of the interference fit attached to the crusher head. However, surprisingly, it was found that in two different commercially available cone crushers, the sliding distance and fretting wear under different loads were reduced by ten percent or more. Although the entire force system is not yet fully understood, it is believed that when L... ms 1.3 / D if At least 32.0 mm 0.3 Or at least 32.5 mm 0.3 This can reduce fretting wear.

[0070] The second condition, D bp 1.421 / D if It is anticipated that operation will be achieved through dynamics at the bottom of the spindle extending throughout the interference fit section 120. In an exemplary embodiment, this ratio is at least 6.4 mm. 0.421 Or at least 6.9mm 0.421 .

[0071] Figure 2 A system 200 showing a spindle 100 and a cone crusher head 210 according to an exemplary embodiment is illustrated. Figure 2 The inner wear portion 220, attached to the cone crusher head 210 by a nut 230, is also shown. The cone crusher head 210 has a receiving... Figure 3 The circular armpit groove 240 of the slip ring 320 shown.

[0072] Figure 4 Further details of the cone crusher head 210 of an exemplary embodiment are shown. In particular, Figure 4 The following dimensions are shown:

[0073] D if Nominal interference fit diameter;

[0074] D ch Head diameter, i.e., the maximum diameter of the crusher head 210;

[0075] L a Armpit thickness, which is the minimum distance between the wear support surface and the armpit;

[0076] L ch The length or height of the crusher head;

[0077] R1 is a first radius, according to which the first portion or outer part of the top of the armpit groove is rounded; and

[0078] R2 is the second radius, according to which the second part or interior of the top of the armpit groove is rounded.

[0079] In an exemplary embodiment, the cone crusher head 210 includes a conical cover 410 extending radially from the interference fit section 420 of the crusher head. The cover 410 has a wear-resistant support surface or outer surface and a shaft support surface configured to engage with the interference fit section 120 of the main shaft 100.

[0080] The interference fit section has a nominal interference fit diameter D if It should be understood that the nominal diameters of the main shaft 100 and the corresponding crusher head 210 mean slightly different actual non-stressed diameters at room temperature. Under non-stressed conditions, the interference fit section 120 of the main shaft 100 will not fully fit into the interference fit section 420 of the crusher head. Instead, when assembled with the cone crusher head properly heated and / or the main shaft 100 cooled, the interference fits on the main shaft and crusher head 210 will have matching effective diameters.

[0081] The armpit groove 240 is formed by an armpit thickness of L a The conical cover 410 covers it.

[0082] Fretting wear is reduced by determining the size of the crusher head to minimize deformation of the interference fit section, so that:

[0083] Head diameter D ch With nominal interference fit diameter D if The ratio is at most 2.5; and

[0084] Head diameter D ch With armpit thickness L a The ratio is at least 10.5.

[0085] In an exemplary implementation, such as Figure 4 As shown, the inner radius decreases continuously or remains constant from the top of the armpit groove.

[0086] In an exemplary implementation, such as Figure 4 As shown, the outer radius either increases continuously or remains constant from the top of the armpit groove.

[0087] As described above, the armpit groove has a rounded top section, which can be defined by a first portion of a first circle with a first radius R1 and a second portion of a second circle with a second radius R2. Advantageously, although not mandatory, the first and second circles have vertically aligned first and second centers. In an exemplary embodiment, the second radius is larger than the first radius and / or the second center is located below the first center. In an exemplary embodiment, the second center is vertically aligned with the interference fit section.

[0088] In an exemplary embodiment, the first circle extends below the interference fit section. In an exemplary embodiment, the second circle may extend below the interference fit section. Furthermore, in an exemplary embodiment where the rounded top section is defined by a single circle, that single circle may extend below the interference fit section.

[0089] exist Figure 2 and Figure 3 In the exemplary embodiment shown, a first portion of the first circle extends vertically to the level of the first center outside the armpit groove. The first portion of the first circle may extend vertically to the level of the first center outside the armpit groove.

[0090] In an exemplary embodiment, a first portion of the first circle extends over the entire sector, which extends vertically upward from a first center and horizontally outward from the first center. In an exemplary embodiment, this portion of the first circle defines a sector extending vertically upward from the first center and horizontally outward from the first center. In an exemplary embodiment, a second portion extends continuously inward from the first portion. In an exemplary embodiment, the second portion includes a sector of less than 90 degrees (e.g., less than or equal to 80 degrees and / or at least 60 degrees).

[0091] In an exemplary embodiment, the inner radius continuously decreases towards the bottom of the interference fit section. In an exemplary embodiment, the bottom of the inner side of the armpit groove is aligned with the interference fit section.

[0092] In an exemplary embodiment, the inner side of the armpit groove approaches the bottom of the interference fit section at an offset angle relative to the central axis, such offset angle being, for example, up to 40 degrees; 30 degrees; or 20 degrees; and / or at least 30 degrees; 20 degrees; or 10 degrees.

[0093] In an exemplary embodiment, the angle between the outer side of the armpit groove and the middle surface is greater than 270 degrees.

[0094] Figure 3 The illustration shows including Figure 2The system includes a cone crusher 300, which includes a main shaft 100, a cone crusher head 200, an outer wear section 210, and a crushing chamber 320 located between the inner wear section 210 and the outer wear section 310.

[0095] Various implementation methods have been presented. It should be understood that in this document, "including," "comprising," and "containing" are all open-ended expressions and are not exclusive.

[0096] The foregoing description has provided a complete and informative description of the best mode of carrying out the invention as currently contemplated by the inventors, through non-limiting examples of specific implementations and methods. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing embodiments, but can be implemented in other embodiments using equivalent means or in different combinations of embodiments without departing from the characteristics of the invention.

[0097] Furthermore, some features of the exemplary embodiments disclosed above can be used advantageously without the need for corresponding use of other features. Therefore, the foregoing description should be considered merely as an illustration of the principles of the invention and not as a limitation thereof. Consequently, the scope of the invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A crusher head (210) of a cone crusher (300), comprising: A conical cover (220) extends radially from the interference fit section (120) and includes a wear support surface and a shaft support surface; The shaft support surface includes the interference fit section for supporting the crusher head to the main shaft; The interference fit section (120) has a nominal interference fit diameter D. if ; The conical cover (220) includes an armpit recess (240) for receiving a slip ring (320). The armpit recess (240) is covered by the conical cover (220), and its armpit thickness L a It is the minimum distance between the wear support surface and the armpit; and The conical cover (220) has a head diameter D ch The head diameter D ch It is the maximum diameter of the crusher head (210); characterized in that fretting wear is reduced by determining the size of the crusher head (210) in order to minimize deformation at the interference fit section (120) by: The head diameter D ch With the nominal interference fit diameter D if The ratio is at most 2.5; and The head diameter D ch With the armpit thickness L a The ratio is at least 10.

5.

2. The crusher head (210) according to claim 1, wherein, The armpit groove (240) is shaped such that there is no contraction on either side.

3. The crusher head (210) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The armpit groove (240) has a rounded top segment defined by a first portion of a first circle with a first radius R1 and a second portion of a second circle with a second radius R2, wherein the second circle is vertically aligned with the first circle and R2 > R1.

4. The crusher head (210) according to claim 3, wherein, The first circle extends below the interference fit section.

5. The crusher head (210) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the longitudinal length of the interference fit section (120) is at least the longitudinal length L of the crusher head (210). ch 50%.

6. The crusher head (210) according to claim 3, wherein, The first portion of the first circle extends vertically to the level of the first center on the outer side of the armpit groove.

7. The crusher head (210) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The bottom of the inner side of the armpit groove (240) is aligned with the interference fit section (120).

8. The crusher head (210) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The inner side of the armpit groove (240) approaches the bottom of the interference fit section (120) at an offset angle relative to the central axis; and The deviation angle is at most 30 degrees.

9. The crusher head (210) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The angle between the outer side and the middle surface of the armpit groove (240) is greater than 270 degrees.

10. The crusher head (210) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The crusher head (210) is configured to be laterally supported by the main shaft (100) only through the interference fit section (120).

11. A system for reducing fretting wear of an interference-fit cone crusher head, comprising the crusher head of any one of claims 1 to 10 and a main shaft (100) of a cone crusher (300), said main shaft (100) comprising: An interference fit section (120) is used to support the crusher head (210), the interference fit section (120) having a nominal interference fit diameter D. if ; The bottom shaft section (130) extends between the bottom end of the main shaft (100) and the interference fit section (120); The bottom shaft section (130) includes a bottom (134) and a neck (132). The bottom (134) has a bottom length L bp and bottom diameter D bp The bottom diameter remains constant below the neck (132), and is at least the bottom length L. bp 50%; The neck diameter of the neck (132) increases toward the interference fit section (120); and The spindle (100) has a spindle length L ms ; The feature is that, in order to reduce fretting wear in the interference fit section (120), the following is achieved: L ms 1.3 / D if Up to 40 mm 0.3 ;and D bp 1.421 / D if At most 9.0 mm 0.421 .

12. The system according to claim 11, wherein, The spindle length L ms At least 1200mm.

13. The system according to claim 11 or 12, wherein, D bp 1.421 / D if At most 8.0 mm 0.421 .

14. The system according to claim 11 or 12, wherein, The main shaft (100) is configured to laterally support the crusher head (210) only through the interference fit section (120) of the main shaft (100).

15. A cone crusher (300) comprising the system according to any one of claims 11 to 14.

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