Automatic seeding machine for sprout vegetables suitable for grid hydroponic planting basket

Abstract

A kind of sprout vegetable automatic seeding machine suitable for grid hydroponic planting basket, comprising: rack and by upper and lower sequentially set on rack for holding the seed box assembly of sprout vegetable seed to be sown, grid format ration subpackaging assembly and planting basket position centering and lifting drive assembly, wherein: for conveying planting basket planting basket transmission positioning assembly is located in the rack, grid format ration subpackaging assembly and planting basket position centering and lifting drive assembly are respectively opposite to the upper and lower sides of planting basket.The present application is by high-throughput subpackaging type seeding to seed, using the active lifting of planting basket can effectively reduce the spatter of seed, and by the bidirectional movement of seed hopper realizes reciprocating continuous seeding, improves the quantitative accuracy and planting groove seeding density when seeding, reduces seed damage and improves efficiency.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of soilless culture, in particular to a sprout automatic seeding machine suitable for grid type water culture planting basket. BACKGROUND

[0002] The existing sprout seeding machine is mostly suitable for substrate culture. The seeding machines suitable for water culture or fog culture are less and have a single structure, which are generally divided into two types: one type uses a rotating brush matched with a roller to realize single layer separation of seeds, and then realizes uniform low-density single layer seeding of the seeds through seed template feeding; the other type uses negative pressure air suction to realize seed suction and release through a hole roller. The two types of seeding machines can only meet the seeding demand of flat bottom seedling tray, and have low efficiency. When used for grid type water culture planting basket seeding, the gap between the template and the bottom of the planting basket leads to low seed positioning accuracy, and the seeds are easy to fall into the planting groove interval structure or splash and fall outside the planting basket, resulting in poor seeding effect. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application proposes a sprout automatic seeding machine suitable for grid type water culture planting basket to solve the above problems in the prior art. The machine realizes high-flux sub-packaging of seeds, effectively reduces seed splashing and falling through active lifting of the planting basket, and realizes reciprocating continuous seeding through bidirectional movement of the seed bin, thereby improving the quantitative accuracy and planting groove seeding density during seeding, reducing seed damage and improving efficiency.

[0004] The present application is realized through the following technical solutions:

[0005] The present application relates to a sprout automatic seeding machine suitable for grid type water culture planting basket, comprising: a rack, and a seed bin assembly for containing seeds to be seeded, a grid type quantitative sub-packaging assembly, and a planting basket position centering and lifting drive assembly arranged in sequence from top to bottom on the rack, wherein: a planting basket conveying and positioning assembly for conveying the planting basket is located in the rack, and the grid type quantitative sub-packaging assembly and the planting basket position centering and lifting drive assembly are respectively opposite to the upper and lower sides of the planting basket.

[0006] The seed bin assembly comprises: a seed bin, a limiting brush, a seed bin fixing support frame, and a lead screw guide rail drive device.

[0007] The seed bin has an upper opening and a lower opening, and the shape is ladder-shaped with a wide upper part and a narrow lower part. The limiting brush is fixed around the lower end opening of the seed bin, and plays a limiting role for the seeds between the seed bin and the grid type quantitative sub-packaging assembly below. The installation height of the limiting brush can be adjusted according to the gap between the seed bin and the stainless steel sub-packaging plate of the grid type quantitative sub-packaging assembly.

[0008] The seed box fixed support frame is fixed at the middle part of the seed box, and is used for strengthening the structural strength of the seed box and connecting with the lead screw guide rail driving device through the sliding block;

[0009] The lead screw guide rail driving device comprises two lead screw guide rails, a guide rail sliding block and a synchronous driving step servo motor.

[0010] The lead screw guide rail driving device further comprises a positioning sensor and a limit sensor, which are arranged at the left and right ends of the lead screw guide rail respectively.

[0011] The grid format quantitative subassembly comprises a stainless steel subassembly flat plate, a replaceable grid high-throughput constant-volume small hopper, a linkage gate opening and closing device, a parallel multi-link gate driving device and a blanking guide device.

[0012] The stainless steel subassembly flat plate is fixed on the rack and uniformly cut into a plurality of rectangular holes in the same plane as the projection area of the planting basket.

[0013] The replaceable grid high-throughput constant-volume small hopper is a group of upper and lower opening through stainless steel short pipe combinations.

[0014] The linkage gate opening and closing device comprises a plurality of groups (determined by the number of planting slots in the planting basket) of edge folded stainless steel gate pieces arranged in parallel, fixed bearing seats, stainless steel gate shafts and stainless steel connecting rods.

[0015] The parallel multi-link gate driving device comprises a swing arm connecting rod, a swing arm cylinder and a fish eye rod end joint bearing.

[0016] One end of the swing arm connecting rod is fixedly connected with the stainless steel gate shaft of the linkage gate opening and closing device, and the other end is connected with the swing cylinder through the fish eye rod end joint bearing after being connected together through the connecting rod.

[0017] The swing cylinder is fixed on the frame through a hinge at one end, and is connected with the fish eye rod end joint bearing at the other end.

[0018] The blanking guide device is arranged at the bottom of the gate, and the seeds fall into each planting groove at the bottom of the planting basket along the guide after falling from the small hopper, so that the seeds can be prevented from splashing after the gate is opened.

[0019] The planting basket transmission positioning assembly comprises a conveying belt device, a position detection device and a positioning blocking device, the conveying belt device is horizontally arranged on the ground, the planting basket is arranged on the conveying belt device and moves with the conveying belt, and the position detection device and the positioning blocking device are arranged on both sides of the conveying belt device.

[0020] The conveying belt device comprises a conveying belt support frame, a conveying belt and an adjustable speed driving motor, is supported on the ground in the frame by the support frame, is separated from the frame, and is continuously conveyed under the driving of the driving motor.

[0021] The position detection device comprises a cylinder piston position magnetic sensor and a pair of photoelectric position sensors, the cylinder piston position magnetic sensor is arranged on the cylinder body, the emitting end and the receiving end of the photoelectric position sensor are arranged on both sides of the conveying belt support frame, and three groups of sensors are arranged from left to right.

[0022] The positioning blocking device comprises two groups of blocking cylinders, two groups of positioning cylinders and metal guide plates, the cylinders are fixed on the conveying belt support frame and arranged in two groups, and the metal guide plates are arranged at the end of the blocking cylinders.

[0023] When the planting basket is driven by the conveying belt to reach the triggering position of the pair of photoelectric sensors, the blocking cylinders and the positioning cylinders are extended under the control of the PLC, so that the blocking, positioning or clamping of the planting basket are completed.

[0024] The planting basket position centering and lifting driving assembly comprises a centering clamping device and a lifting device.

[0025] The centering clamping device comprises two groups of centering clamping cylinders, two sets of specially designed centering guide clamps and a U-shaped frame.

[0026] The lifting device comprises a lifting support frame, a guide rod type lifting cylinder and a guide light shaft.

[0027] The lifting support frame is a closed rectangular frame structure, and is fixedly connected with the rack at the bottom end inside the rack; the lifting cylinder and the guide light shaft are fixedly connected with the lifting support frame, wherein the guide light shaft is distributed on both sides of the lifting cylinder, and the plane thereof is orthogonal to the plane of the guide rod of the lifting cylinder, so that the stress condition of the lifting cylinder is improved; the bottom end of the U-shaped frame is fixedly connected with the top end of the lifting cylinder; the centering clamping cylinder is arranged on both sides of the top of the U-shaped frame; and the centering guide clamping jaw is fixedly connected with the end of the centering clamping cylinder by means of bolts.

[0028] When the planting basket is positioned by the blocking cylinder, the centering clamping cylinder is extended under the joint triggering of the detection signals of the magnetic sensor and the photoelectric sensor at the piston position of the cylinder, so that the centering guide clamping jaw is extended into the hole in the planting basket, and further, the cylinder piston position magnetic sensor of the centering clamping cylinder triggers the lifting cylinder to extend, so as to drive the U-shaped frame and the planting basket to be lifted upward together, and to be connected with the lower end structure of the grid format quantitative packaging assembly.

[0029] The pair of photoelectric position sensors comprise a first position sensor, a second position sensor and a third position sensor.

[0030] When the planting basket enters the seeding operation area under the driving of the conveying belt, and sequentially triggers the second position sensor and the third position sensor, the blocking cylinder, the centering clamping cylinder and the lifting cylinder act according to the control logic, and during this period, if other planting baskets enter and trigger the first position sensor, the positioning cylinder is extended to temporarily position and fix the subsequent following planting basket, so as to complete the isolation of the seeding operation environment, until the seeding operation of the previous planting basket is completed.

[0031] Technical effects

[0032] The present application utilizes the grid high-flux constant-volume small hopper to realize uniform constant-volume and high-flux packaging of sprout vegetable seeds, and since the volume of the small hopper is adjustable, the agronomic requirements of high-density seeding can be met, and the volume quantitative precision of seeding can be improved by means of the pushing and sweeping action of the limiting brush when the seed box moves, and the seed damage is reduced; when the type of seeds changes, only the small hopper with the corresponding capacity needs to be replaced, so that the quantitative packaging requirements can be met again.

[0033] The planting basket lifting device drives the planting basket to be lifted, and is connected with the lower end of the seed falling guide device, so as to form a closed seeding channel together with the grid high-flux constant-volume small hopper and the seed falling guide device, so that the seeds can fall into the corresponding planting groove at the bottom of the planting basket along the independent channel, and the spilling of the seeds during the falling process is avoided.

[0034] The bidirectional movement of the seed box realizes reciprocating continuous seeding, and the seeding efficiency is improved by several times. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 For the overall structure of the present application schematic diagram;

[0036] Figure 2 For the structure of the box, limit brush and box fixed support frame schematic diagram;

[0037] Figure 3 For the structure of the screw guide rail driving device schematic diagram;

[0038] Figure 4 For the structure of the stainless steel sub-packaging flat plate and grid high-throughput constant-volume small hopper schematic diagram;

[0039] Figure 5 For the structure of the linkage gate switch device schematic diagram;

[0040] Figure 6 For the structure of the linkage gate switch device, parallel multi-link gate driving device and material falling guide schematic diagram;

[0041] Figure 7 For the top view schematic diagram of the position detection device and positioning blocking device;

[0042] Figure 8 For the structure of the clamping and fixing device schematic diagram;

[0043] Figure 9 For the structure of the lifting device schematic diagram;

[0044] Figure 10 For the structure of the planting basket position centering and lifting driving assembly schematic diagram;

[0045] In the figure: seed box assembly 1, grid format quantitative sub-packaging assembly 2, planting basket transmission positioning assembly 3, planting basket position centering and lifting driving assembly 4, planting basket 5, rack 6, conveyor belt device 7, seed box 11, limit brush 12, seed box fixed support frame 13, screw guide rail 14, guide rail sliding block 15, stepping servo motor 16, positioning sensor 17, limit sensor 18, stainless steel sub-packaging flat plate 21, grid high-throughput constant-volume small hopper 22, linkage gate switch device 23, swing arm connecting rod 24, swing cylinder 25, fish eye rod end joint bearing 26, material falling guide device 27, reflection type photoelectric position sensor 31, blocking cylinder 32, metal guide piece 33, positioning cylinder 34, cylinder piston position magnetic sensor 35, centering clamping cylinder 41, centering guide clamping jaw 42, lifting cylinder 43, guide optical axis 44, U-shaped frame 45, lifting support frame 46, conveyor belt support frame 71, conveyor belt 72, adjustable speed driving motor 73, stainless steel gate piece 231, bearing seat 232, stainless steel gate shaft 233, connecting rod 234, first position sensor 311, second position sensor 312, third position sensor 313. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] As Figure 1 shown, the present embodiment relates to a sprout automatic sowing machine suitable for grid hydroponic planting basket, including: rack 6 and seed box assembly 1, grid format quantitative packaging assembly 2 and planting basket position centering and lifting drive assembly 4 arranged on the rack 6 in turn from top to bottom for containing the sowed sprout seeds, wherein: the planting basket conveying and positioning assembly 3 for conveying the planting basket 5 is located in the rack 6, and the grid format quantitative packaging assembly 2 and the planting basket position centering and lifting drive assembly 4 are respectively opposite to the upper and lower sides of the planting basket 5.

[0047] As Figure 2 shown, the seed box assembly 1 includes: seed box 11 and seed box fixing support frame 13, limiting brush 12 and screw guide rail drive device arranged on it respectively.

[0048] The seed box 11 is a ladder-shaped structure with upper and lower openings, upper wide and lower narrow.

[0049] The seed box 11 adds sprout seeds from the top, serving as a storage container for sprout seeds. The volume of the seed box 11 is about 43 liters, and the area of the lower seed dropping port is 750 cm2. During sowing, the sprout seeds fall freely by gravity, and at the same time, the seed box 11 is installed with a vibration exciter, which can assist seed dropping through a pneumatic vibration exciter to prevent the seeds from being unable to fall due to clumping.

[0050] The limiting brush 12 is arranged around the lower opening of the seed box and plays a role of restraining and limiting the seeds between the seed box and the grid format quantitative packaging assembly below. The installation height of the limiting brush can be adjusted according to the gap between the stainless steel packaging plate of the seed box and the grid format quantitative packaging assembly.

[0051] As Figure 2 shown, the limiting brush 12 prevents the falling seeds from the seed box 11 from scattering and sweeps the seeds into the gridded high-flux constant-volume small hopper 22 when the seed box 11 moves, achieving volume quantification. The use of the limiting brush 12 can effectively avoid damage to the seeds by metal structures. The limiting brush 12 can play three roles during sowing: 1. Enclose, enclose the gap between the seed box 11 and the stainless steel packaging plate 21, and constrain the seeds in a closed space, so that the seeds move together with the seed box 11; 2. Scrape, as the seed box 11 moves, the limiting brush 12 scrapes the seeds in the high-flux constant-volume small hopper 22, ensuring that the volume and quantity of the seeds in the small hopper meet the metering requirements; 3. Push and sweep, push and sweep a small number of seeds scattered on the stainless steel packaging plate 21 into the recycling boxes on both sides.

[0052] The seed box fixing support frame 13 is arranged at the middle position of the seed box, used to strengthen the structural strength of the seed box, and connected with the screw guide rail drive device through the sliding block.

[0053] As Figure 3 shown, the screw guide rail driving device comprises two screw guide rails 14, a guide rail slider 15 and a synchronous driving step servo motor 16, wherein the screw guide rails 14 are installed on the rack 6 in parallel, the seed box 11 is arranged on the guide rail slider 15 through the seed box fixing support frame 13, and the step servo motor 16 is connected with the screw guide rail 14 to drive the screw to push the seed box to move back and forth along the guide rail.

[0054] The left and right ends of the screw guide rail 14 are respectively provided with a positioning sensor 17 and a limit sensor 18, wherein the positioning sensor 17 is used to determine the zero position and the movement range of the seed box, and the limit sensor 18 makes the seed box stop suddenly when it exceeds the maximum safe movement range.

[0055] In order to avoid the screw guide rail 14 driving the seed box 11 to move beyond the limited position, two groups of positioning sensors 17 and limit sensors 18 are respectively installed on the left and right sides of the screw guide rail 14, and when the seed box 11 moves to Figure 3 the position shown in the figure, the positioning sensor 17 sends a signal to the PLC to control the seed box 11 to stop moving and wait for the subsequent instructions to realize reverse movement. The limit sensor 18 is a limit stopper, and when the seed box 11 moves beyond the safe range, the limit sensor on the seed box 11 will trigger the limit stopper, so that the seed box 11 stops suddenly. The main body of the limit stopper is a hall type proximity switch, which can quickly send an electrical command without contact, pressure or spark when metal approaches the switch sensing area, and accurately reflects the position of the movement mechanism.

[0056] The grid format quantitative subassembly assembly 2 comprises a stainless steel subassembly flat plate 21, a replaceable grid high-throughput constant-volume small hopper 22, a linkage gate switch device 23, a parallel multi-link gate driving device and a blanking guide device 27, wherein the stainless steel subassembly flat plate 21 is arranged on the rack 6.

[0057] As Figure 4 shown, the stainless steel subassembly flat plate 21 is uniformly cut into a plurality of rectangular hole positions in the same plane as the projection area of the planting basket, and the rectangular hole positions are one-to-one corresponding to the planting groove positions at the bottom of the planting basket and have the same size, and each hole position is separated from each other and does not interfere with each other.

[0058] The replaceable grid high-throughput constant-volume small hopper 22 is a group of stainless steel short pipes combined with upper and lower openings, the upper end opening is aligned and matched with the hole position of the stainless steel subassembly flat plate and is welded on the flat plate, the depth of the small hopper is referred to the cross-sectional size of the opening, and is calculated according to the sum of the volumes of the seedlings required by the dense planting cultivation of the planting groove.

[0059] As Figure 5As shown, the linkage gate switch device 23 comprises: a plurality of groups (determined by the number of planting slots in the planting basket) of edge-folded stainless steel gate pieces 231 arranged in parallel, fixed bearing seats 232, stainless steel gate shafts 233 and stainless steel connecting rods 234. The stainless steel gate pieces 231 corresponding to the same row of small hoppers are arranged on the same stainless steel gate shaft 233 according to the hole distance, achieving linkage, and the two ends of the stainless steel gate shaft 233 are installed on the rack 6 through the fixed bearing seat 232.

[0060] The linkage gate switch device 23 is arranged side by side, and one end of each group of stainless steel gate shafts 233 is fixed with the swing arm connecting rod 24, which is designed to keep the motion state of the four groups of linkage gate switch devices 23 synchronous.

[0061] As shown in Figure 6 The parallel multi-link gate driving device comprises: a swing arm connecting rod 24, a fish eye rod end joint bearing 26 and a swing cylinder 25 connected in sequence, wherein: the swing arm connecting rod 24 is hinged to the linkage gate switch device 23 through the stainless steel connecting rod 234, and is connected to the swing cylinder through the fish eye rod end joint bearing 26.

[0062] One end of the swing cylinder 25 is fixedly arranged on the rack 6 through a hinge, and the other end is connected with the fish eye rod end joint bearing. When the swing cylinder 25 extends or retracts, it drives the swing arm connecting rod and further drives the stainless steel gate pieces to keep synchronous motion, thereby changing the opening and closing state of the gate.

[0063] When the swing cylinder 25 extends or retracts, it drives the connecting rod 234, thereby changing the opening and closing state of the gate switch 23. When the swing cylinder 25 retracts, the grid high-flux constant-volume small hopper 22 receives the seeds in the seed box 11; when the swing cylinder 25 extends, the gate switch 23 changes from a closed state to an open state, and the seeds in the grid high-flux constant-volume small hopper 22 fall and are sown into the planting basket 5.

[0064] The falling material guide device 27 is arranged at the bottom of the linkage gate switch device 23. After the seeds fall from the small hopper, they directly fall into each planting slot at the bottom of the planting basket along the guide, which can prevent the seeds from splashing after the gate is opened.

[0065] As shown in Figure 7As shown, the planting basket transmission and positioning assembly 3 is used to control the sequential movement of the planting baskets 5, enabling the planting baskets 5 to accurately catch the falling seeds. Based on the movement process of the planting baskets 5, the movement area of ​​the planting baskets 5 is divided into four zones, from left to right: the entry zone, the waiting zone, the sowing operation zone, and the detachment zone. Initially, the planting baskets 5 are placed on the conveyor belt device 7, and the position of the planting baskets 5 is determined by the photoelectric sensor 31. When the planting basket 5 reaches a position that can trigger the photoelectric sensor 31, the system receives the signal from the sensor 31 and controls the cylinder to extend, completing the blocking or positioning of the planting basket 5. After the previous planting basket 5 has finished sowing, both the blocking cylinder 32 and the positioning cylinder 34 retract, allowing the next planting basket 5 to move forward. The planting basket transmission and positioning assembly 3 includes: a conveyor belt device 7, a position detection device, and a positioning and blocking device, wherein: the conveyor belt device is horizontally set on the ground, the planting baskets 5 are placed on the conveyor belt device and move with the conveyor belt, and the position detection device and the positioning and blocking device are located on both sides of the conveyor belt device 7.

[0066] like Figure 10 As shown, the conveyor belt device 7 includes: a conveyor belt support frame 71, a conveyor belt 72, and an adjustable speed drive motor 73. The conveyor belt support frame 71 is erected on the ground inside the frame 6 and is relatively separated from the frame 6. Continuous conveying is achieved under the drive of the drive motor 73.

[0067] The position detection device includes a cylinder piston position magnetic sensor 35 and a through-beam photoelectric position sensor 31. The cylinder piston position magnetic sensor 35 is mounted on the cylinder body, and the transmitting end and receiving end of the through-beam photoelectric position sensor 31 are respectively set on both sides of the conveyor belt support frame 71. The three sets of sensors are arranged from left to right.

[0068] The planting basket 5 positioning and lifting drive assembly 4 includes: two positioning clamping cylinders 41, two sets of specially designed positioning guide grippers 42, and a photoelectric sensor 31. The photoelectric sensor 31 detects the front edge of the planting basket 5 to achieve precise positioning of the planting basket 5, ensuring that the grippers 42 can precisely insert into the handle gripping hole in the middle of the planting basket 5 during clamping. The positioning clamping cylinders 41 are mounted on the vertical support extending from the lifting device. The grippers 42 are connected to the positioning clamping cylinders 41. When the planting basket 5 accurately moves to the designated position, the positioning clamping cylinders 41 extend, and the grippers 42 on both sides can clamp the planting basket 5. The first position sensor 311 is used to achieve the above-mentioned precise positioning, preventing damage to the grippers 42 or the planting basket 5 caused by the failure of the planting basket 5 to be in position in time due to changes in the speed of the conveyor belt device 7 after the second position sensor 312 triggers the blocking cylinder 32.

[0069] like Figure 7As shown in the figure, the positioning blocking device includes: a pair of photoelectric sensors 31 arranged on the conveyor belt device 7, two sets of blocking cylinders 32, and two sets of positioning cylinders 3. The photoelectric sensor 31 and the blocking cylinder 32 are separately arranged on both sides of the planting basket transmission and positioning assembly 3. When the blocking cylinder 32 is extended, it blocks the planting basket 5 from moving forward, ensuring that the planting basket 5 is in the correct position for clamping. The blocking cylinder 32 is equipped with a two-way metal guide piece 33, so that the cylinder rod can be extended and retracted without affecting the movement of the planting basket 5.

[0070] As shown in the figure, the planting basket position centering and lifting drive assembly 4 includes: a lifting device and a centering clamping device arranged thereon. Figure 8

[0071] The centering clamping device includes: a U-shaped frame 45, and two sets of centering clamping cylinders 41 and two sets of centering guide clamps 42 arranged at the ends of the U-shaped frame 45, wherein:

[0072] The lifting device includes: a lifting support frame 46 arranged on the rack 6, and a lifting cylinder 43 and a guide optical axis 44 arranged therein, wherein: the top of the lifting cylinder 43 is fixedly connected with the centering clamping device.

[0073] After the centering clamping cylinder 41 clamps the planting basket 5, the lifting cylinder 43 is extended, the planting basket 5 is lifted, and the planting basket 5 is close to the grid quantitative packaging assembly 2, so that the seeds can be accurately dropped into the planting basket 5. In order to improve the stress condition of the lifting cylinder 43, guide optical axes 44 are installed on both sides, and the lifting cylinder 43 also adopts a guide rod cylinder. The plane of the guide rod is orthogonal to the plane of the guide optical axis 44. When the lifting cylinder 43 drives the frame 45 to descend, it is jointly affected by the gas pressure and the weight, and the impact is large. Therefore, rubber buffer pads and hydraulic buffers are arranged below the frame 45, thereby greatly reducing the impact load.

[0074] As shown in the figure, the lifting support frame 46 is a closed rectangular frame structure, and is fixedly connected with the rack inside the bottom end of the rack. Figure 9

[0075] The guide optical axes 44 are distributed on both sides of the lifting cylinder, and the plane thereof is orthogonal to the plane of the guide rod of the lifting cylinder, so as to improve the stress condition of the lifting cylinder.

[0076] When the planting basket 5 is blocked and positioned by the blocking cylinder 32, the centering clamping cylinder 41 will be extended under the joint triggering of the cylinder piston position magnetic sensor 35 and the photoelectric position sensor 31, so that the centering guide clamps 42 extend into the hole in the planting basket 5, and further, the cylinder piston position magnetic sensor 35 of the centering clamping cylinder 41 triggers the lifting cylinder 43 to extend, drives the U-shaped frame 45 and the planting basket 5 to lift upward together, and abuts against the lower end structure of the grid quantitative packaging assembly.​​

[0077] As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6 The linkage type gate switch device comprises a stainless steel gate piece 231, a bearing seat 232, a stainless steel gate shaft 233 and a connecting rod 234, wherein the stainless steel gate piece 231 is connected with the stainless steel gate shaft 233 through bolts, and the two ends of the stainless steel gate shaft 233 are connected with the bearing seat 232 respectively, and one end further passes through the bearing seat 232 and is connected with the swing arm connecting rod through the connecting rod 234.

[0078] The shape of the stainless steel gate piece 231 is matched with the cross-sectional shape of the gridding high-flux constant-volume small hopper 22.

[0079] As shown in Figure 7 The pair of light emitting diodes 31 comprises a first position sensor 311, a second position sensor 312 and a third position sensor 313.

[0080] When the planting basket 5 enters the sowing operation area under the driving of the conveying belt device 7 and sequentially triggers the second position sensor 312 and the third position sensor 313, the blocking cylinder 32, the centering clamping cylinder 41 and the lifting cylinder 43 act according to the control logic in sequence, and during this period, if other planting baskets enter and trigger the first position sensor 311, the positioning cylinder 34 extends to temporarily position and fix the subsequent following planting basket, complete the isolation of the sowing operation environment, and until the previous planting basket completes the sowing operation.

[0081] The working process of the device comprises:

[0082] 1) Take an appropriate amount of soaked seeds and put them into the seed box 11, and the planting basket 5 is sequentially arranged on the conveying belt device 7 and moves with the conveying belt device 7;

[0083] 2) The system automatically judges the positions of the seed box 11 and the planting basket 5, and starts working after positioning correctly, and moves the seed box 11 back and forth through the lead screw guide rail 14, and after completing a one-way movement, it completes a constant-volume measurement and loads the seeds into the gridding high-flux constant-volume small hopper 22;

[0084] The gridding high-flux constant-volume small hopper 22 is used to receive the seeds falling from the seed box 11, each small hopper 22 is separated from each other and does not interfere with each other, and the depth is appropriate, and different volumes of fillers can be set to form different sizes of cavity volumes according to needs, so as to meet the sowing requirements of seeds of different shapes and different sizes.

[0085] 3) The limiting brush 12 at the bottom of the seed box 11 plays a role of restraining and sweeping the seeds. When the seed box 11 moves, the seeds are swept into the grid high-throughput constant-volume small hopper 22 along the moving direction, and the volume and quantity of the seeds in each cavity are kept basically the same through the sweeping effect of the limiting brush 12.

[0086] When the seed box 11 moves, the limiting brush 12 sweeps the seeds falling into the 20 small grids, so that the quantity and volume of the seeds are basically the same. In addition, the seeds not falling into the grids are swept to the left and right collection boxes by the limiting brush 12 on the seed box 11, so as to avoid the accumulation or waste of the seeds and as far as possible avoid the extrusion damage of the seeds by the mechanical parts during the sowing process. The stainless steel gate piece 231 is installed at the bottom of each small hopper 22, which is closed when the seeds fall in, and can make the seeds in each grid fall at the same time when the command is opened, so as to complete the sowing action. The moving speed of the seed box 11 can be adjusted by changing the PLC program setting parameters. In order to ensure the uniformity of the seed falling amount and avoid the damage of the seeds, the sowing speed should not be too fast. The full-load sowing speed of the system can achieve 120 planting baskets per hour.

[0087] 4) The planting basket 5 moves with the conveying belt device 7, and when the second position detection sensor 312 detects that the planting basket 5 passes, the blocking cylinder 32 is controlled to extend to form a block, so as to realize the positioning control of the planting basket 5. Then, when the first position detection sensor 311 is triggered, the clamping device and the lifting device are activated in turn, the center clamping cylinder 41 of the clamping device is controlled to extend to clamp the planting basket 5, and then the lifting cylinder 43 of the lifting device is controlled to lift the planting basket 5. At this time, the seeds have fallen into the constant-volume small hopper 22, the stainless steel gate piece 231 is installed on the constant-volume small hopper 22, connected through the swing arm connecting rod 24, connected to the swing cylinder 25 through the swing arm connecting rod 24 and the fish eye bearing 26. After the planting basket 5 is lifted into position, the swing cylinder 25 extends to open the stainless steel gate piece 231, the seeds fall into the planting basket 5, and the sowing action is completed. Then the stainless steel gate piece 231 is closed, the planting basket 5 falls down, and each cylinder is reset, ready for the sowing of the next planting basket.

[0088] If the subsequent planting basket 5 moves to the sowing interval with the conveying belt device 7 during the current planting basket 5 is falling seeds, the third position detection sensor 313 will be triggered to clamp and fix the subsequent planting basket 5, block its forward movement, and ensure that the planting basket 5 will not move to the seed falling working area until the current planting basket 5 is sowed and moved out of the working area.

[0089] The device drives the lead screw guide 14 to move the seed box 11 by two groups of stepping servo motors 16, and sends the in-phase and same frequency signals to the motor driver based on the synchronous trigger to ensure the synchronous movement of the two stepping servo motors 16 and avoid the mechanism from being stuck. The closed-loop control mode greatly improves the operation effect of the stepping servo motor 16, and has many characteristics such as more intelligent control, more efficient operation, more compact structure, more accurate positioning, more rapid and smooth operation, etc.

[0090] Compared with the prior art, the device realizes the uniform and high-flux dispensing of the sprout seed by using the gridding high-flux constant-volume small hopper, the volume of the small hopper is adjustable and suitable for different seed types, the agronomic requirements of high-density seeding can be met, the volume and quantitative accuracy of seeding can be improved by the pushing and sweeping effect of the limiting brush when the seed box moves, and the seed damage is reduced; the planting basket can be lifted by the planting basket lifting device, and the lower end of the seed falling guide device is docked, so as to form a closed seeding channel with the gridding high-flux constant-volume small hopper and the seed falling guide device, so that the seed can fall into the corresponding planting groove at the bottom of the planting basket along the independent channel, and the spattering and scattering of the seed during falling is avoided; the bidirectional movement of the seed box realizes the continuous reciprocating seeding, and the seeding efficiency is improved by several times.

[0091] The above specific embodiments can be adjusted in different ways by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles and purposes of the present application, the protection scope of the present application is subject to the claims and is not limited by the above specific embodiments, and each implementation scheme within the scope is subject to the present application.

Claims

1. An automatic sprout planter suitable for grid-type hydroponic planting baskets, characterized in that, include: The frame and the seed box assembly for holding the sprout seeds to be sown, the grid-type quantitative dispensing assembly and the planting basket positioning and lifting drive assembly are arranged sequentially from top to bottom on the frame. The planting basket transmission and positioning assembly for conveying the planting basket is located inside the frame. The grid-type quantitative dispensing assembly and the planting basket positioning and lifting drive assembly are respectively positioned on the upper and lower sides of the planting basket. The seed box assembly includes: a seed box, a limiting brush, a seed box fixing support frame, and a screw guide rail drive device connected to the seed box fixing support frame, wherein: the limiting brush is fixed around the lower opening of the seed box, and the seed box fixing support frame is fixed in the middle of the seed box to strengthen the structural strength of the seed box. The grid-type quantitative dispensing assembly includes: a stainless steel dispensing plate, a replaceable grid-type high-throughput fixed-volume hopper, a linkage gate switch device, a parallel multi-link gate drive device, and a material drop guide device. The stainless steel dispensing plate is fixed on the frame and has multiple rectangular holes evenly cut in a plane with the same projected area as the planting basket. The replaceable gridded high-throughput fixed-volume small hopper is specifically a combination of a set of stainless steel short pipes with open top and bottom, the upper opening of which is aligned with the holes of the stainless steel dispensing plate and welded to the stainless steel dispensing plate. The material guide device is set at the bottom of the gate switch device. After the seeds fall from the small hopper, they fall directly into the planting slots at the bottom of the planting basket along the material guide device, which can prevent the seeds from splashing after the gate switch device is opened. The linkage gate switch device includes: several sets of parallel arranged edge-folded stainless steel gate plates, fixed bearing seats, stainless steel gate shafts and stainless steel connecting rods. The stainless steel gate plates corresponding to the small hoppers in the same row are fixed on the same stainless steel gate shaft according to the hole spacing to achieve linkage. The two ends of the stainless steel gate shaft are installed and fixed on the frame through fixed bearing seats. The parallel multi-link gate drive device includes: a swing arm link, a swing arm cylinder, and a fisheye rod end joint bearing. The swing arm link is hinged to the linkage gate switch device through a stainless steel link, and then connected to the swing cylinder through the fisheye rod end joint bearing. One end of the swing cylinder is fixed on the frame through a hinge, and the other end is connected to the fisheye rod end joint bearing. When the swing cylinder extends and retracts, it drives the swing arm link and then drives the stainless steel gate plate to keep moving synchronously, changing the opening and closing state of the stainless steel gate plate. The planting basket transmission and positioning assembly includes: a conveyor belt device, a position detection device, and a positioning blocking device, wherein: the conveyor belt device is horizontally located on the ground, the planting basket is located on the conveyor belt device and moves with the conveyor belt device, and the position detection device and the positioning blocking device are located on both sides of the conveyor belt device. The planting basket positioning and lifting drive assembly includes: a centering clamping device and a lifting device for driving the centering clamping device.

2. The automatic sprout planter for grid-type hydroponic planting baskets according to claim 1, characterized in that, The seed box has openings at the top and bottom and is stepped in shape, wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. It serves to constrain and limit the seeds between the seed box and the grid-type quantitative dispensing assembly below. The installation height of the limiting brush is adjusted according to the gap between the seed box and the stainless steel dispensing plate of the grid-type quantitative dispensing assembly.

3. The automatic sprout planter for grid-type hydroponic planting baskets according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aforementioned lead screw guide rail drive device includes: two lead screw guide rails, guide rail sliders, and synchronously driven stepper servo motors. The lead screw guide rails are divided into two groups, left and right, and are installed and fixed on the frame in parallel. The seed box is installed and connected to the guide rail sliders through a seed box fixing support frame. The stepper servo motor can drive the lead screws to push the seed box to move back and forth along the guide rails.

4. The automatic sprout planter for grid-type hydroponic planting baskets according to claim 3, characterized in that, The aforementioned lead screw guide rail drive device further includes: a positioning sensor and a limit sensor, which are respectively disposed at the left and right ends of the lead screw guide rail. The positioning sensor is used to determine the zero point position and movement range of the seed box, and the limit sensor can make the seed box stop suddenly after exceeding the maximum safe movement range.

5. The automatic sprout planter for grid-type hydroponic planting baskets according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conveyor belt device includes: a conveyor belt support frame, a conveyor belt and an adjustable speed drive motor. The conveyor belt support frame is fixed to the ground inside the frame and is relatively separated from the frame. The continuous conveying is achieved by the drive motor. The position detection device includes: a cylinder piston position magnetic sensor and a through-beam photoelectric position sensor. The cylinder piston position magnetic sensor is installed on the cylinder body of each cylinder, and the transmitter and receiver of the photoelectric position sensor are respectively set on both sides of the conveyor belt support frame. The three sets of sensors are arranged in sequence from front to back. The positioning and blocking device includes: two sets of blocking cylinders, two sets of positioning cylinders and metal guide plates, wherein the cylinders are divided into left and right sets and fixedly installed on the conveyor belt support frame, and the metal guide plates are installed at the ends of the blocking cylinders. After the planting basket moves forward under the drive of the conveyor belt and reaches the trigger position of the through-beam photoelectric sensor, the blocking cylinder and the positioning cylinder will extend under the control of the PLC to block, position or clamp the planting basket.

6. The automatic sprout planter for grid-type hydroponic planting baskets according to claim 5, characterized in that, The centering clamping device includes: two sets of centering clamping cylinders, two sets of centering guide jaws, and a U-shaped frame; The lifting device includes a lifting support frame, a guide rod type lifting cylinder, and a guide optical axis. The lifting support frame is a closed rectangular frame structure and is fixedly connected to the frame at its bottom inside the frame. The lifting cylinder and the guide optical axis are both fixedly connected to the lifting support frame. The guide optical axes are distributed on both sides of the lifting cylinder, and the plane containing the axes of the two guide optical axes is orthogonal to the guide rod plane of the lifting cylinder to improve the stress condition of the lifting cylinder. The bottom end of the U-shaped frame is fixedly connected to the top end of the lifting cylinder. The centering clamping cylinder is set on both sides of the top of the U-shaped frame, and the centering guide gripper is fixedly connected to the end of the centering clamping cylinder by bolts.

7. The automatic sprout planter for grid-type hydroponic planting baskets according to claim 6, characterized in that, Once the planting basket is positioned by the blocking cylinder, the centering clamping cylinder will extend under the combined triggering of the magnetic sensor and photoelectric sensor on the cylinder piston position. This will cause the centering guide gripper to extend into the appropriately sized hole in the middle of the planting basket. Furthermore, the magnetic sensor on the cylinder piston position of the centering clamping cylinder will trigger the lifting cylinder to extend, driving the U-shaped frame and the planting basket to rise together and connect to the lower structure of the grid-type quantitative dispensing assembly.

8. The automatic sprout planter for grid-type hydroponic planting baskets according to claim 6, characterized in that, The through-beam photoelectric position sensor includes a first position sensor, a second position sensor, and a third position sensor. When the planting basket enters the sowing operation area under the drive of the conveyor belt and sequentially triggers the second and third position sensors, the blocking cylinder, the centering clamping cylinder, and the lifting cylinder act sequentially according to the control logic. During this period, if another planting basket enters and triggers the first position sensor, the positioning cylinder extends to temporarily limit and fix the subsequent planting basket, thus isolating the sowing operation environment until the previous planting basket completes the sowing operation.

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