A method for preparing a foam ceramic using boron carbide

Abstract

The present application belongs to the field of ceramic materials, and particularly relates to a kind of foamed ceramic foamed by boron carbide and a preparation method thereof, wherein the foamed ceramic takes quartz sand as a main body material, takes sodium carbonate as a fluxing agent, takes periclase and albite or potassium feldspar as a viscosity regulator, takes iron oxide as an oxidizing agent, and takes boron carbide as a foaming agent; the sintering temperature is 810-890 DEG C; and the sintering time is 35-65 min. The present application also discloses a preparation method of the above-mentioned foamed ceramic, which has the remarkable advantage of low sintering temperature and far lower manufacturing cost than the prior art. The foamed ceramic prepared by the present application has high total porosity, closed porosity and compressive strength, and has excellent heat preservation, sound insulation, waterproof and moisture-proof performance due to the fact that the pores in the foamed ceramic are independent and not connected with each other.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of ceramic materials, and particularly relates to a kind of foamed ceramic using boron carbide foaming and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Foamed ceramic is an excellent environment-friendly building material. Compared with open-cell foamed ceramic widely used in the construction industry, closed-cell foamed ceramic has more excellent waterproof, moisture-proof, heat preservation and thermal insulation performance due to its closed and independent pore structure, and has a broad market space in high-end fields such as national defense and military industry, aerospace, energy and chemical industry, fire safety, shipbuilding and ultra-deep well drilling. There are many methods for preparing foamed ceramic, but it is very difficult to prepare foamed ceramic with high closed-cell rate, good mechanical properties and uniform microstructure. At present, most of the foamed ceramic prepared by the methods is open-cell type.

[0003] Among the existing preparation methods, the foamed ceramic prepared by sintering method has the best comprehensive performance. The commonly used foaming agents for sintering method are divided into two types: decomposition type and oxidation type. The decomposition type foaming agents mainly include calcium sulfate and calcium carbonate, and the oxidation type foaming agents include silicon carbide and silicon nitride. Each foaming agent has advantages and disadvantages. Using calcium sulfate as the foaming agent will produce a large amount of harmful sulfur dioxide gas, which seriously pollutes the environment; using calcium carbonate as the foaming agent, the sintering temperature only needs to be 800-900℃, but the strength of the foamed ceramic is relatively low; using silicon carbide and silicon nitride as the foaming agent, the comprehensive performance of the foamed ceramic is better, but the sintering temperature is generally above 1000℃, resulting in high manufacturing cost.

[0004] According to the two necessary conditions for preparing foamed ceramic by sintering method: (1) the green body forms a continuous and suitable viscosity molten state at high temperature, and (2) the foaming agent generates foaming gas at a proper rate. In air, silicon carbide and silicon nitride start to oxidize only above 900℃. In theory, as long as the substrate is in a molten state when silicon carbide and silicon nitride start to oxidize, the two necessary conditions for preparing foamed ceramic by sintering method can be met. However, when the sintering temperature is relatively low, the oxidation rate of silicon carbide and silicon nitride is very low, and the molten substrate has a sealing effect, which further reduces the oxidation rate of silicon carbide and silicon nitride, resulting in a long foaming time of the substrate, which seriously affects the production efficiency. In order to accelerate the foaming, the conventional method is to increase the sintering temperature to accelerate the oxidation of silicon carbide and silicon nitride. This is the reason why the sintering temperature is generally above 1000℃ when using silicon carbide and silicon nitride to prepare foamed ceramic by foaming. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides a kind of foamed ceramic using boron carbide foaming and a preparation method thereof to solve the problem of high sintering temperature when using silicon carbide and silicon nitride to prepare foamed ceramic by foaming in the prior art.

[0006] The first object of the present application is to provide a boron carbide foamed foam ceramic, raw materials of which include: quartz sand, sodium carbonate, periclase, feldspar, iron oxide, boron carbide;

[0007] The periclase and the feldspar constitute a mixture I, and the weight ratio of the periclase to the feldspar in the mixture I is 1:0.7-1.1; the feldspar is albite or potassium feldspar;

[0008] The iron oxide and the boron carbide constitute a mixture II, and the weight ratio of the iron oxide to the boron carbide in the mixture II is 1:1.4-2.2;

[0009] The quartz sand, the sodium carbonate, the mixture I and the mixture II constitute a mixture III, and the weight ratio of the quartz sand, the sodium carbonate, the mixture I and the mixture II in the mixture III is 100:6-10:12-14:3-5.

[0010] In the raw materials of the present application, the quartz sand is the main material, the sodium carbonate is the fluxing agent, the periclase and the albite or potassium feldspar are the viscosity regulators, the iron oxide is the oxidizing agent, and the boron carbide is the foaming agent. The sodium carbonate is added to reduce the melting temperature of the green body; the contents of the periclase and the albite or potassium feldspar are adjusted to make the green body have suitable viscosity and continuity during melting; and the contents of the iron oxide and the boron carbide are adjusted to adjust the foaming rate of the melted matrix to change the foaming volume of the foam ceramic.

[0011] On the basis of the above technical solution, the present application can be further improved as follows:

[0012] Further, the sintering temperature is 810-890℃.

[0013] Further, the weight ratio of each raw material in the mixture II has the following corresponding relationship with the sintering temperature:

[0014] (1) when the sintering temperature is 890℃, the weight ratio of the iron oxide to the boron carbide in the mixture II is 1:2.0-2.2;

[0015] (2) when 850℃<sintering temperature<890℃, the weight ratio of the iron oxide to the boron carbide in the mixture II is 1:1.7-2.2;

[0016] (3) when the sintering temperature is 850℃, the weight ratio of the iron oxide to the boron carbide in the mixture II is 1:1.7-1.9;

[0017] (4) when 810℃<sintering temperature<850℃, the weight ratio of the iron oxide to the boron carbide in the mixture II is 1:1.4-1.9;

[0018] (5) When the sintering temperature is 810°C, the weight ratio of the iron oxide to the boron carbide in the mixture II is in the range of 1 : 1.4 to 1.6.

[0019] Further, the weight ratio of each raw material in the mixture II has the following correspondence with the sintering temperature:

[0020] (1) When the sintering temperature is 890°C, the optimum weight ratio of the iron oxide to the boron carbide in the mixture II is 1 : 2.2;

[0021] (2) When 850°C < sintering temperature < 890°C, the weight ratio of the iron oxide to the boron carbide in the mixture II is in the range of 1 : 1.8 to 2.2;

[0022] (3) When the sintering temperature is 850°C, the optimum weight ratio of the iron oxide to the boron carbide in the mixture II is 1 : 1.8;

[0023] (4) When 810°C < sintering temperature < 850°C, the weight ratio of the iron oxide to the boron carbide in the mixture II is in the range of 1 : 1.4 to 1.8;

[0024] (5) When the sintering temperature is 810°C, the optimum weight ratio of the iron oxide to the boron carbide in the mixture II is 1 : 1.4.

[0025] Further, the weight ratio of each raw material in the mixture III has the following correspondence with the sintering temperature:

[0026] (1) When the sintering temperature is 890°C, the weight ratio of the quartz sand, the sodium carbonate, the mixture I and the mixture II in the mixture III is in the range of 100 : 6 to 7 : 12 to 13 : 3 to 4;

[0027] (2) When 850°C < sintering temperature < 890°C, the weight ratio of the quartz sand, the sodium carbonate, the mixture I and the mixture II in the mixture III is in the range of 100 : 6 to 8.5 : 12 to 13.5 : 3 to 4.5;

[0028] (3) When the sintering temperature is 850°C, the weight ratio of the quartz sand, the sodium carbonate, the mixture I and the mixture II in the mixture III is in the range of 100 : 7.5 to 8.5 : 12.5 to 13.5 : 3.5 to 4.5;

[0029] (4) When 810°C < sintering temperature < 850°C, the weight ratio of the quartz sand, the sodium carbonate, the mixture I and the mixture II in the mixture III is in the range of 100 : 7.5 to 10 : 12.5 to 14 : 3.5 to 5;

[0030] (5) when the sintering temperature is 810℃, the weight ratio of quartz sand, sodium carbonate, mixture I and mixture II in the mixture III is in the range of 100:9-10:13-14:4-5.

[0031] Further, the weight ratio of each raw material in the mixture III has the following corresponding relationship with the sintering temperature:

[0032] (1) when the sintering temperature is 890℃, the optimal weight ratio of quartz sand, sodium carbonate, mixture I and mixture II in the mixture III is 100:6:12:3;

[0033] (2) when 850℃<sintering temperature<890℃, the weight ratio of quartz sand, sodium carbonate, mixture I and mixture II in the mixture III is in the range of 100:6-8:12-13:3-4;

[0034] (3) when the sintering temperature is 850℃, the optimal weight ratio of quartz sand, sodium carbonate, mixture I and mixture II in the mixture III is 100:8:13:4;

[0035] (4) when 810℃<sintering temperature<850℃, the weight ratio of quartz sand, sodium carbonate, mixture I and mixture II in the mixture III is in the range of 100:8-10:13-14:4-5;

[0036] (5) when the sintering temperature is 810℃, the optimal weight ratio of quartz sand, sodium carbonate, mixture I and mixture II in the mixture III is 100:10:14:5.

[0037] The second object of the present application is to provide a preparation method of the above-mentioned foam ceramic foamed by boron carbide, comprising the following steps:

[0038] (1) mixture powder preparation: sequentially mixing each raw material and grinding into a mixture powder;

[0039] (2) mixture powder molding: molding the mixture powder obtained in step (1) into a green body;

[0040] (3) green body sintering: heating the green body obtained in step (2) and keeping the temperature at 810-890℃, and then cooling to room temperature in the furnace to obtain the foam ceramic.

[0041] Further, in step (1), the prepared raw materials are poured into a ball mill for ball milling, and the average particle size of the obtained mixture powder is 3-5 microns.

[0042] Further, in step (2), the molding pressure is 6-8 MPa and the pressure holding time is 15-25 s.

[0043] Further, in the step (3), the green body is heated at a rate of 10-30℃ / min and kept for 35-65 min.

[0044] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0045] (1) The prepared foam ceramic has independent and non-communicating pores, so that the foam ceramic has excellent heat preservation, sound insulation, waterproof and moisture-proof performance;

[0046] (2) The prepared foam ceramic has high total porosity, closed porosity and compressive strength, and excellent comprehensive performance;

[0047] (3) The preparation method has the advantages of simple process and low sintering temperature, and the sintering temperature is significantly lower than that of the existing preparation process, and the manufacturing cost is much lower than that of the prior art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0048] Figure 1 is a thermogravimetric curve of boron carbide in air;

[0049] Figure 2 is a preparation flowchart of the foam ceramic foamed by boron carbide according to the present application;

[0050] Figure 3 is a macroscopic optical photograph of the foam ceramic prepared in Example 1 of the present application;

[0051] Figure 4 is a microstructure photograph of the foam ceramic prepared in Example 1 of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The principles and characteristics of the present application are described below in combination with examples, and the examples are only used to explain the present application and not to limit the scope of the present application.

[0053] In the detailed description, the raw materials used are common commercially available chemical reagents, and the specific selection conditions are as follows:

[0054] Quartz sand: selected from Xishan Quartz Sand Factory in Yantai, Shandong, with a particle size of 1mm, a silicon dioxide content of more than 98%, and impurities mainly being oxides of calcium, potassium, sodium and aluminum.

[0055] Sodium carbonate: selected from Weifang Gongchuang Chemical Co., Ltd., with a particle size of 50μm and industrial purity.

[0056] Periclase: selected from Shouguang Chunhui Chemical Co., Ltd., with a particle size of 30μm and industrial purity.

[0057] Sodium feldspar: selected from Xingdong Potassium and Sodium Ore Powder Factory in Hengshan County, with a particle size of 30μm and industrial purity.

[0058] Potassium feldspar: selected from Zhejiang Fuhua Nanometer New Material Technology Co., Ltd., particle size 50 μm, industrial pure.

[0059] Iron oxide powder: selected from Tianjin Kemeluo Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., particle size 20 μm, analytical pure.

[0060] Boron carbide powder: selected from Shandong Huayi Kechuang Nanometer Material Co., Ltd., particle size 10 μm, analytical pure.

[0061] Example 1

[0062] 1. Preparation of foam ceramics using boron carbide foaming

[0063] The preparation process of the foam ceramics using boron carbide foaming in this example is shown in Figure 2 The preparation method includes the following steps:

[0064] (1) Magnesite and albite were mixed in a weight ratio of 1:0.9 to obtain mixed material I;

[0065] (2) Iron oxide and boron carbide were mixed in a weight ratio of 1:1.8 to obtain mixed material II;

[0066] (3) Quartz sand, sodium carbonate, mixed material I and mixed material II were mixed in a weight ratio of 100:8:13:4 to obtain mixed material III;

[0067] (4) The mixed material III was poured into a ball mill to obtain a mixed powder with an average particle size of 4 μm;

[0068] (5) The mixed powder ball-milled in step (4) was pressed into a green body with a size of 310 mm x 140 mm x 70 mm, the mold pressing pressure was 7 MPa, and the pressure holding time was 20 s;

[0069] (6) The green body pressed in step (5) was heated to 850℃ at a rate of 20℃ / min, and then cooled to room temperature with the furnace, to obtain the foam ceramics.

[0070] 2. Performance test of the foam ceramics prepared above:

[0071] The foam ceramic prepared by the application has high closed porosity, cannot sink in water, and cannot be directly tested for density and porosity by the Archimedes drainage method. Therefore, the application adopts an improved Archimedes drainage method to test the density and porosity. Specifically, the indirect method in the paper "Xiangming Li, Mengyao Zheng, Rui Li, Guojian Yuan, Guangyou Zhou, Xiaotao Zhu, Guina Ren, Preparation, microstructure, properties and foaming mechanism of a foamed ceramics with high closed porosity, Ceramics International. 2019, 45 (5): 11982-11988." is used for testing. The testing steps are as follows:

[0072] First, the sample is wound with a copper wire so that the sample can sink in water, and the overall bulk density of the sample and the copper wire is calculated according to formula (1).

[0073]

[0074] In the formula, w1 and w2 are the weight of the sample and the weight of the copper wire, respectively, which can be directly measured; w1' and w2' are the weight of the water-saturated sample and the copper wire in the air, respectively, which can be directly measured; w1" is the floating weight of the water-saturated sample in water, which can be directly measured; w2" is the floating weight of the copper wire in water, which can be directly measured; v1 is the volume of the sample, which is unknown; v2 is the volume of the copper wire, which can be directly measured; the value of v1 is calculated according to formula (1), and the density of the sample is calculated according to formula (2).

[0075]

[0076] The overall open porosity of the sample and the copper wire can be calculated and measured according to formula (3):

[0077]

[0078] Since the open porosity of the copper wire is 0%, the open porosity of the sample is further calculated according to formula (4) based on formula (3).

[0079]

[0080] Finally, the sample is ground into powder, the volume v3 of the powder is measured by a measuring cylinder, and the total porosity of the sample is calculated according to formula (5).

[0081]

[0082] The closed cell ratio of the sample is calculated according to formula (6).

[0083] P c = P t -P o (6)

[0084] During the density and porosity test, the sample to be measured is placed in a beaker filled with water and boiled for 20 minutes to obtain a water-saturated sample.

[0085] When the compressive strength test is performed, the sample is processed into a cylindrical sample with a height of 30 mm and a diameter of 15 mm, and the compressive strength test is performed by using a uniaxial compression method.

[0086] Under the test at room temperature, the total porosity of the foam ceramic prepared in this embodiment is 82%, the closed cell ratio is 81%, the density is 0.45 g / cm 3 , and the compressive strength is 7.7 MPa.

[0087] Example 2

[0088] 1. Preparation of foam ceramic foamed by boron carbide:

[0089] The preparation process of the foam ceramic foamed by boron carbide in this embodiment is shown in Figure 2 , and the preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0090] (1) Magnesite and potassium feldspar are mixed in a weight ratio of 1:1.1 to obtain mixed material I;

[0091] (2) Iron oxide and boron carbide are mixed in a weight ratio of 1:1.4 to obtain mixed material II;

[0092] (3) Quartz sand, sodium carbonate, mixed material I and mixed material II are mixed in a weight ratio of 100:10:14:5 to obtain mixed material III;

[0093] (4) The mixed material III is poured into a ball mill to obtain a mixed powder with an average particle size of 5 microns;

[0094] (5) The mixed powder ball-milled in step (4) is pressed into a green body with a size of 310 mm x 140 mm x 70 mm, the mold pressing pressure is 8 MPa, and the pressure holding time is 15 s;

[0095] (6) The green body pressed in step (5) is heated to 810℃ at a rate of 10℃ / min, and then cooled to room temperature in the furnace after holding for 65 min, to obtain a foam ceramic.

[0096] 2. Performance test of the foam ceramic prepared above:

[0097] The test method is the same as that of Example 1.

[0098] The total porosity of the foam ceramic prepared in this example is 81%, the closed porosity is 80%, the density is 0.48 g / cm 3 , and the compressive strength is 8.1 MPa.

[0099] Example 3

[0100] 1. Preparation of foam ceramic foamed by boron carbide at low temperature:

[0101] The preparation process of the foam ceramic foamed by boron carbide in this example is shown in Figure 2 The preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0102] (1) Magnesite and albite are mixed in a weight ratio of 1:0.7 to obtain a mixture I;

[0103] (2) Iron oxide and boron carbide are mixed in a weight ratio of 1:2.2 to obtain a mixture II;

[0104] (3) Quartz sand, sodium carbonate, mixture I and mixture II are mixed in a weight ratio of 100:6:12:3 to obtain a mixture III;

[0105] (4) The mixture III is poured into a ball mill to obtain a mixed powder with an average particle size of 3 microns;

[0106] (5) The mixed powder ball-milled in step (4) is pressed into a green body with a size of 310 mm x 140 mm x 70 mm, the mold pressing pressure is 6 MPa, and the pressure holding time is 25 s;

[0107] (6) The green body pressed in step (5) is heated to 890°C at a rate of 30°C / min, and then cooled to room temperature in the furnace, to obtain a foam ceramic.

[0108] 2. Performance test of the foam ceramic prepared above:

[0109] The test method is the same as that of Example 1.

[0110] The total porosity of the foam ceramic prepared in this example is 83%, the closed porosity is 81%, the density is 0.43 g / cm 3 , and the compressive strength is 6.8 MPa.

[0111] Example 4

[0112] 1. Preparation of foam ceramic foamed by boron carbide at low temperature:

[0113] The preparation process of the foam ceramic foamed by boron carbide in this example is shown in Figure 2As shown, the preparation method includes the following steps:

[0114] (1) Mix periclase and potassium feldspar at a weight ratio of 1:1.0 to obtain mixture I;

[0115] (2) Iron oxide and boron carbide are mixed at a weight ratio of 1:1.6 to obtain mixture II;

[0116] (3) Mix quartz sand, sodium carbonate, mixture I and mixture II in a weight ratio of 100:9:14:5 to obtain mixture III;

[0117] (4) Pour the mixture III into a ball mill and ball mill it to obtain a mixed powder with an average particle size of 4 micrometers;

[0118] (5) Press the ball-milled mixed powder from step (4) into a blank of 310mm×140mm×70mm, with a molding pressure of 8MPa and a holding time of 20s.

[0119] (6) The green body pressed in step (5) is heated to 830°C at a rate of 15°C / min, held for 55 min, and then cooled to room temperature in the furnace to obtain foam ceramic.

[0120] 2. Perform performance tests on the foam ceramics prepared above:

[0121] The testing method is the same as in Example 1.

[0122] Tested at room temperature, the foam ceramic prepared in this embodiment had a total porosity of 82%, a closed-cell rate of 80%, and a density of 0.46 g / cm³. 3 The compressive strength is 7.3 MPa.

[0123] Example 5

[0124] 1. Preparation of foam ceramics using low-temperature foaming with boron carbide:

[0125] The preparation process of the boron carbide-foamed ceramic in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the preparation method includes the following steps:

[0126] (1) Mix periclase and albite at a weight ratio of 1:0.8 to obtain mixture I;

[0127] (2) Iron oxide and boron carbide are mixed at a weight ratio of 1:2.0 to obtain mixture II;

[0128] (3) Mix quartz sand, sodium carbonate, mixture I and mixture II in a weight ratio of 100:7:12:3 to obtain mixture III;

[0129] (4) The mixture III is poured into a ball mill for ball milling to obtain a mixed powder with an average particle size of 3 microns;

[0130] (5) The mixed powder ball-milled in step (4) is pressed into a 310 mm x 140 mm x 70 mm green body at a mold pressing pressure of 6 MPa and a pressure holding time of 25 s;

[0131] (6) The green body pressed in step (5) is heated to 870℃ at a rate of 25℃ / min, and held for 45 min, and then cooled to room temperature in a furnace to obtain a foam ceramic.

[0132] 2, The performance of the foam ceramic prepared above is tested:

[0133] The test method is the same as that in Example 1.

[0134] Under room temperature environment, the total porosity of the foam ceramic prepared in this example is 83%, the closed porosity is 82%, the density is 0.42 g / cm 3 , and the compressive strength is 7.2 MPa.

[0135] Figure 3 is a macroscopic optical photograph of the foam ceramic prepared in Example 1. As shown in the figure, Figure 3 the foam ceramic prepared in Example 1 has a foam porous structure, and the pore structure is uniform and defect-free.

[0136] Figure 4 is a microstructure photograph of the foam ceramic prepared in Example 1. As shown in the figure, Figure 4 the pore size of the foam ceramic prepared in Example 1 has good consistency, and there are small pores in the pore wall of the large pores, but each pore is closed and independent and not connected to each other.

[0137] Table 1 compares the sintering temperature and performance of the foam ceramics prepared in Examples 1-5 and documents 1-4.

[0138] Table 1 sintering temperature and performance of the foam ceramics prepared in Examples 1-5 and documents 1-4

[0139]

[0140] Document 1: Formation of closed-pore foam ceramic from granite scraps. Ceramics International, 2018, 44: 3469-3471.

[0141] Document 2: Synthesis and characterization of porous ceramics from spodumene tailings and waste glass wool. Ceramics International, 2021, 47: 33286-33297.

[0142] Document 3: Preparation of high strength foam ceramics from sand shale and steel slag. Ceramics International, 2020, 46: 9256-9262.

[0143] Document 4: Fabrication and performance of SiO2-based electromagnetic wave penetrating foamed ceramics with dense surface. Ceramics International, 2020, 46: 14278-14283.

[0144] Compared with the foam ceramics described in Document 1, the foam ceramics prepared by the present application have comparable total porosity and closed porosity, but higher compressive strength and lower sintering temperature.

[0145] Compared with the foam ceramics described in Document 2, the foam ceramics prepared by the present application have a sintering temperature 60-140℃ lower and much higher total porosity and closed porosity.

[0146] Compared with the foam ceramics described in Document 3, the foam ceramics prepared by the present application have much higher total porosity and closed porosity and much lower sintering temperature, except for lower compressive strength.

[0147] Compared with the foam ceramics described in Document 4, the foam ceramics prepared by the present application have slightly lower total porosity and closed porosity, but higher compressive strength and much lower sintering temperature.

[0148] Based on the above comparisons, combined with the macroscopic optical photographs of Figure 3 and the microstructure photographs of Figure 4 It can be seen that the foam ceramics prepared by the present application have excellent comprehensive performance, with closed porosity only 1-2% lower than total porosity, especially in the case of high total porosity and closed porosity, still having relatively high compressive strength. In terms of preparation method, the preparation method described in the present application has the significant advantage of low sintering temperature, and the sintering temperature can be as low as 810℃.

[0149] The above merely describes preferred embodiments of the present application, and is not used to limit the present application, and any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A foam ceramic foamed with boron carbide, characterized by, The raw materials are composed of quartz sand, sodium carbonate, periclase, feldspar, iron oxide and boron carbide; The periclase and the feldspar are composed of a mixture I, and the weight ratio of the periclase to the feldspar in the mixture I is 1:0.7-1.1; the feldspar is albite or potassium feldspar; The iron oxide and the boron carbide are composed of a mixture II, and the weight ratio of the iron oxide to the boron carbide in the mixture II is 1:1.4-2.2; The quartz sand, the sodium carbonate, the mixture I and the mixture II are composed of a mixture III, and the weight ratio of the quartz sand, the sodium carbonate, the mixture I and the mixture II in the mixture III is 100:6-10:12-14:3-5; The sintering temperature is 810-890℃; The weight ratio of each raw material in the mixture II and the sintering temperature have the following corresponding relationship: (1) when the sintering temperature is 890℃, the weight ratio of the iron oxide to the boron carbide in the mixture II is 1:2.0-2.2; (2) when 850℃<the sintering temperature<890℃, the weight ratio of the iron oxide to the boron carbide in the mixture II is 1:1.7-2.2; (3) when the sintering temperature is 850℃, the weight ratio of the iron oxide to the boron carbide in the mixture II is 1:1.7-1.9; (4) when 810℃<the sintering temperature<850℃, the weight ratio of the iron oxide to the boron carbide in the mixture II is 1:1.4-1.9; (5) when the sintering temperature is 810℃, the weight ratio of the iron oxide to the boron carbide in the mixture II is 1:1.4-1.6; The weight ratio of each raw material in the mixture III and the sintering temperature have the following corresponding relationship: (1) when the sintering temperature is 890℃, the weight ratio of the quartz sand, the sodium carbonate, the mixture I and the mixture II in the mixture III is 100:6-7:12-13:3-4; (2) when 850℃<the sintering temperature<890℃, the weight ratio of the quartz sand, the sodium carbonate, the mixture I and the mixture II in the mixture III is 100:6-8.5:12-13.5:3-4.5; (3) when the sintering temperature is 850℃, the weight ratio of the quartz sand, the sodium carbonate, the mixture I and the mixture II in the mixture III is 100:7.5-8.5:12.5-13.5:3.5-4.5; (4) when 810℃<the sintering temperature<850℃, the weight ratio of the quartz sand, the sodium carbonate, the mixture I and the mixture II in the mixture III is 100:7.5-10:12.5-14:3.5-5; (5) when the sintering temperature is 810℃, the weight ratio of the quartz sand, the sodium carbonate, the mixture I and the mixture II in the mixture III is 100:9-10:13-14:4-5.

2. A method for producing a foamed ceramic using boron carbide according to claim 1, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: (1) mixing and grinding the raw materials to prepare a mixed powder; (2) molding the mixed powder into a green body; (3) sintering of the green body: the green body obtained in step (2) is heated and kept at 810-890 DEG C, and then cooled to room temperature with the furnace, to obtain the foam ceramic.

3. The method for preparing a foamed ceramic using boron carbide foaming according to claim 2, characterized by, In the step (1), the prepared raw materials are poured into a ball mill for ball milling.

4. The method for producing a foamed ceramic using boron carbide according to claim 2 or 3, characterized by, In the step (1), the average particle size of the mixed powder obtained is 3-5 microns.

5. The method of claim 2, wherein the boron carbide is heated to a temperature of 1,000°C to 1,500°C. In the step (2), the mold pressing pressure is 6-8 MPa, and the pressure holding time is 15-25 s.

6. The method of claim 2, wherein the boron carbide is heated to a temperature of 1,000°C to 1,500°C. In the step (3), the green body is heated at a rate of 10-30 DEG C / min, and kept for 35-65 min.

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