A high-speed air-sending and collecting device for oilseed rape with micro-ridge seeding

Abstract

The application discloses a rapeseed high-speed air-sending and collecting distributor suitable for a micro-ridge seeding mode and belongs to the technical field of agricultural mechanical seeding, which comprises a shell, a variable-volume air chamber, an air-solid two-phase flow conveying pipeline, a convex spherical distribution component, ridge-top seed guiding pipelines and ridge-ditch seed guiding pipelines. The air-solid two-phase flow conveying pipeline is located below the shell of the distribution device, the convex spherical distribution component is centrally embedded in the shell of the distribution device, the ridge-top seed guiding pipelines and the ridge-ditch seed guiding pipelines are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the shell of the distribution device, and the air chamber is formed by the shell of the distribution device and the convex spherical distribution component. The convex spherical distribution structure can realize high-speed airflow conveying without damaging seeds and high-throughput seed conveying without blocking. The bending angles of the seed guiding pipelines in each row are consistent to ensure that seeds in each row are synchronously dropped, and the high-speed operation is avoided to cause seed missing at the field head, so that the operation efficiency and the seeding quality are improved. The variable-volume air chamber and the variable-diameter seed guiding pipeline are adopted to variably adjust the ridge-top and ridge-ditch seeding amounts, so that the agronomic requirements of micro-ridge planting are met.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of seeding in agricultural machinery, in particular to a rapeseed high-speed air-feed seed metering device suitable for micro-ridge seeding. BACKGROUND

[0002] Rapeseed is an important oil crop in China, and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River region is the main planting area of rapeseed. The annual and interannual precipitation in this region varies greatly, and the difference in precipitation is significant. Drought and flood both affect the seedling rate of rapeseed. Studies have shown that the micro-ridge seeding method has the characteristics of easy drainage in the rainy season and easy irrigation in the dry season. As shown in the figure, during heavy rain, there is no water accumulation on the ridge top to avoid waterlogging damage to the seedling root system. In extreme drought, the ridge ditch can store water to ensure the seedling rate. The micro-ridge seeding method has a positive effect on improving soil properties and crop yield, but the existing seed metering device is mostly suitable for flat planting, and it is difficult to achieve variable adjustment of the seeding amount on the ridge top and the ridge ditch. The integration of agricultural machinery and agricultural technology needs to be further improved. Figure 1

[0003] Rapeseed high-speed seeding is beneficial to improve the operation efficiency and seize the agricultural time. At present, air-feed seed metering devices are mostly used to complete rapeseed high-speed seeding. The air-feed seed metering device is a device that completes seeding by quantitatively supplying seeds through a seed supply device, uniformly distributing rows through a distributor, and transporting seeds into the soil through a seed guide pipe. The distribution device is the key component for achieving one device with multiple rows and uniform distribution. During high-speed seeding, the amount of seeds per unit time increases, and high-throughput seeds are prone to clogging and uneven distribution when passing through the distribution device. At the same time, to increase the seed transport speed during high-speed seeding, the transport air flow speed is correspondingly increased, and high-speed transport air flow is easy to cause impact damage to rapeseed seeds, affecting the seedling rate. The structure of the distribution device is an important factor that limits the further improvement of the efficiency and quality of rapeseed high-speed seeding. SUMMARY

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a rapeseed high-speed air-feed seed metering device suitable for micro-ridge seeding.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] ​The application discloses a distribution device of a high-speed air feeding and collecting device for rapeseed micro-ridge seeding, which comprises a distribution device shell, ridge top seed guiding pipes, ridge ditch seed guiding pipes, gas-solid two-phase flow conveying pipes, a convex spherical distribution component and a variable volume air chamber, the gas-solid two-phase flow conveying pipes are located below the distribution device shell, the convex spherical distribution component is located at the center of the distribution device shell, the ridge top seed guiding pipes and the ridge ditch seed guiding pipes are evenly distributed on the circumferential side wall of the distribution device shell, and the variable volume air chamber is formed by the distribution device shell and the convex spherical distribution component.

[0007] Further, the ridge top seed guiding pipes are 5, and the ridge ditch seed guiding pipes are 4.

[0008] Further, the ridge top seed guiding pipes and the ridge ditch seed guiding pipes have two commonly used specifications, and can be selected and used according to needs, one specification is that the outer diameter of the ridge top seed guiding pipe is 25 mm, the inner diameter is 20 mm, the outer diameter of the ridge ditch seed guiding pipe is 25 mm, and the inner diameter is 10 mm, and the other specification is that the outer diameter of the ridge ditch seed guiding pipe is 25 mm, the inner diameter is 20 mm, the outer diameter of the ridge top seed guiding pipe is 25 mm, and the inner diameter is 10 mm.

[0009] Further, the radius R of the convex ball of the convex spherical distribution component is 38 mm.

[0010] Further, the bending radii of the ridge top seed guiding pipes and the ridge ditch seed guiding pipes are consistent, the bending radius r is 37.5 mm, the center positions are centrally symmetric, and the ends of all the ridge top seed guiding pipes and the ridge ditch seed guiding pipes are vertically downward.

[0011] Further, the variable volume air chamber is formed by the distribution device shell and the convex spherical distribution component and penetrates the ridge top seed guiding pipes and the ridge ditch seed guiding pipes, the variable volume air chamber has two specifications, and can be selected and used according to needs, one specification is that the volume of the ridge top air chamber is larger than that of the ridge ditch air chamber, and the other specification is that the volume of the ridge top air chamber is smaller than that of the ridge ditch air chamber.

[0012] Further, one end of the gas-solid two-phase flow conveying pipe is provided with a mounting thread for connecting and fixing the distribution device with other parts of the collecting device, and the other end is connected with the bottom of the distributor and communicates with the bottom.

[0013] Further, the distribution device housing comprises a bottom arc-shaped shell, a vertical shell, a horizontal shell and a top arc-shaped shell, the vertical shell is arranged above and connected with the bottom arc-shaped shell, and a plurality of ridge top seed guide pipes and furrow seed guide pipes are uniformly distributed on the upper end of the vertical shell.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following advantages:

[0015] (1) The oilseed rape high-speed air sending and collecting device distribution device suitable for micro-ridge seeding mode adopts a variable volume air chamber and a variable diameter seed guide pipe, which can adjust the seed amount entering the ridge top and furrow seed guide pipes according to the actual precipitation amount of the oilseed rape suitable sowing period, and further adjust the seeding amount on the four furrows and five ridges. When the precipitation amount is large, small inner diameter furrow seed guide pipes are used for furrow drainage and no water accumulation on the ridge, and the seeds are mainly distributed on the ridge. When the precipitation amount is small, large inner diameter furrow seed guide pipes are used for furrow moisture conservation and water storage, and the seeds are mainly distributed in the furrow. The oilseed rape high-speed air sending and collecting device distribution device suitable for micro-ridge seeding mode can ensure the seedling density of oilseed rape under significant precipitation differences, and the micro-ridge planting of oilseed rape can appropriately increase the planting density, which is beneficial to improve the yield of oilseed rape.

[0016] (2) The oilseed rape high-speed air sending and collecting device distribution device suitable for micro-ridge seeding mode adopts a convex spherical distribution component. Under high-speed operation, the seeds are in contact and collision with the convex sphere under the action of high-speed conveying airflow to achieve uniform distribution. The smooth transition curve can avoid blockage of high-throughput seeds and reduce the impact damage of high-speed conveying airflow to the seeds.

[0017] (3) The oilseed rape high-speed air sending and collecting device distribution device suitable for micro-ridge seeding mode has consistent bending angles of each row of seed guide pipes, thereby ensuring synchronous seed dropping of each row and avoiding the phenomenon of missing sowing at the head of the field under high-speed operation.

[0018] (4) The distribution device has variable volume air chambers with different volumes, which can be selected and used as needed. When the precipitation amount is large, a ridge top air chamber with a larger volume and a furrow air chamber with a smaller volume are used. When the precipitation amount is small, a ridge top air chamber with a smaller volume and a furrow air chamber with a larger volume are used. The seed amount entering the furrow and ridge top seed guide pipes is adjusted by the variable volume air chamber, and the seeding amount on the ridge top and furrow is further adjusted to ensure the seedling rate under extreme weather conditions.

[0019] The application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of micro-ridge seeding mode;

[0021] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of seed distribution when the precipitation amount is large;

[0022] Figure 3 Seed distribution diagram for less precipitation;

[0023] Figure 4 Whole structure diagram of the present application;

[0024] Figure 5 Front view of the present application;

[0025] Figure 6 Top view of the present application;

[0026] Figure 7 Sectional view of the present application;

[0027] Figure 8 Bottom view of the present application;

[0028] Figure 9 Another angle sectional view of the present application.

[0029] The components represented by the respective reference numerals in the drawings are listed as follows:

[0030] 1, distribution device housing; 11, bottom arc-shaped housing; 12, vertical housing; 13, horizontal housing; 14, top arc-shaped housing; 2, ridge seed guide pipe; 3, furrow seed guide pipe; 4, distribution device mounting thread; 5, gas-solid two-phase flow conveying pipe; 6, convex spherical distribution component; 61, ridge seed conveying groove; 62, furrow seed conveying groove; 63, separation boss; 64, convex ball; 7, air chamber; 71, furrow air chamber; 72, ridge air chamber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The principles and features of the present application are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and the examples are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the scope of the present application.

[0032] As Figures 4-9 shown, the embodiment provides a rapeseed high-speed air-sending collector distribution device suitable for micro-ridge seeding mode, specifically comprising a distribution device housing 1, a ridge seed guide pipe 2, a furrow seed guide pipe 3, a mounting thread 4, a gas-solid two-phase flow conveying pipe 5, and a convex spherical distribution component 6. The gas-solid two-phase flow conveying pipe 5 is located below the distribution device housing 1, the convex spherical distribution component 6 is embedded in the inside of the distribution device housing 1, the ridge seed guide pipe 2 and the furrow seed guide pipe 3 are evenly distributed on the circumference of the vertical 12 housing, and the variable-volume air chamber 7 is formed by the distribution device housing 1 and the convex spherical distribution component 6 and is in communication with the ridge seed guide pipe 2 and the furrow seed guide pipe 3.

[0033] The furrow seed guiding pipe 3 and the ridge seed guiding pipe 2 are arranged on the circumference of the vertical shell 12 of the seed distributor, wherein the ridge seed guiding pipe 2 is 5 in number and the furrow seed guiding pipe 3 is 4 in number. When the rainfall is more, the outer diameter of the ridge seed guiding pipe 2 is 25 mm and the inner hole diameter is 20 mm, and the outer diameter of the furrow seed guiding pipe 3 is 25 mm and the inner hole diameter is 10 mm; when the rainfall is less, the outer diameter of the ridge seed guiding pipe 2 is 25 mm and the inner hole diameter is 20 mm, and the outer diameter of the furrow seed guiding pipe 3 is 25 mm and the inner hole diameter is 10 mm.

[0034] The convex spherical distribution component 6 is embedded in the top of the distribution device shell 1 and is centrally located, the convex spherical distribution component 6 and the ridge seed guiding pipe 2, the furrow seed guiding pipe 3 and the distribution device shell 1 together form a gas flow path that penetrates each other, the radius R of the convex ball 64 of the convex spherical distribution component 6 is 38 mm, and the ridge seed guiding groove 61, the furrow seed guiding groove 62 and the separation boss 63 are staggered and arranged on the circumference of the convex ball 64.

[0035] The bending radius r of the ridge seed guiding pipe 2 and the furrow seed guiding pipe 3 is consistent, the bending radius r is 37.5 mm, and the center positions are centrally symmetric, and the ends of each row of ridge and furrow seed guiding pipes are vertically downward.

[0036] The variable volume air chamber 7 is surrounded by the distributor shell 1 and the convex spherical distribution component 6 and penetrates the ridge seed guiding pipe 2 and the furrow seed guiding pipe 3, when the rainfall is more, the ridge air chamber 72 with larger volume and the furrow air chamber 71 with smaller volume are used, when the rainfall is less, the ridge air chamber 72 with smaller volume and the furrow air chamber 71 with larger volume are used, the seed amount entering the ridge and furrow seed guiding pipes is adjusted by the variable volume air chamber, and then the seeding amount on the ridge and furrow is adjusted to ensure the seedling rate under extreme weather conditions.

[0037] One end of the gas-solid two-phase flow conveying pipe 5 is designed with a 50 mm long mounting thread 4 for connecting and fixing the distribution device with other parts of the collector, and the other end is connected and communicated with the bottom of the distributor.

[0038] The distribution device shell 1 is surrounded by the top arc-shaped shell 11, the vertical shell 12, the horizontal shell 13 and the bottom arc-shaped shell 14, the vertical shell 12 is arranged above the bottom arc-shaped shell 14 and connected thereto, and a plurality of ridge seed guiding pipes 2 and furrow seed guiding pipes 3 are arranged thereon.

[0039] The working principle of the present application is as follows: during operation, the mounting screw 4 below the gas-solid two-phase flow conveying pipeline 5 is fixedly installed with other working components of the collector, the mixed flow of gas and seeds passes through the conveying pipeline 5 and randomly collides with the convex spherical distribution component 6 and is uniformly distributed into the variable volume air chamber 7 around the circumference of the convex spherical distribution component, the ridge air chamber 72 and the furrow air chamber 71 are connected with the ridge seed guiding pipeline 2 and the furrow seed guiding pipeline 3 through the ridge seed conveying groove 61 and the furrow seed conveying groove 62 respectively, the volume of the ridge and furrow air chambers is adjusted according to the actual situation of the rainfall during the suitable sowing period of the oilseed rape to adjust the sowing amount on the ridge and the furrow. When the rainfall is large, the distribution device cross-sectional view is as shown in Figure 7 , the inner diameter of the furrow seed guiding pipeline is small, i.e. 10 mm, the inner diameter of the ridge seed guiding pipeline is large, i.e. 20 mm, the seed distribution characteristics are as shown in Figure 2 , the seeds are mainly distributed on the ridge, the furrow drainage can prevent the seeds in the furrow from being damaged by the accumulated water, and the ridge is free from accumulated water and can ensure the overall seedling density of the field; when the rainfall is small, the positions of the furrow and ridge seed guiding pipelines are unchanged, the inner diameter values are adjusted, the seed distribution characteristics are as shown in Figure 3 , the seeds are mainly distributed in the furrow, the furrow has the function of water storage and soil conservation, and can ensure the seedling density of the furrow to meet the overall demand in a relatively dry condition.

[0040] The above is an example of the best embodiment of the present application, wherein the parts not described in detail are the common knowledge of ordinary skilled in the art. The protection scope of the present application is subject to the content of the claims, and any equivalent transformation based on the technical inspiration of the present application is also within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A high-speed air-assisted oilseed rape seed metering device for use in micro-ridging planting systems, characterized in that, The distribution device comprises a distribution device shell, ridge seed guide pipes, furrow seed guide pipes, gas-solid two-phase flow conveying pipes, a convex spherical distribution component and a variable volume air chamber, the gas-solid two-phase flow conveying pipes are located below the distribution device shell, the convex spherical distribution component is located at the center of the distribution device shell, the ridge seed guide pipes and the furrow seed guide pipes are evenly distributed on the circumferential side wall of the distribution device shell, and the variable volume air chamber is enclosed by the distribution device shell and the convex spherical distribution component.

2. The high speed air-assisted oilseed collector distribution device suitable for use in micro-ridging seeding according to claim 1, wherein, The ridge seed guide pipes are five in number, and the furrow seed guide pipes are four in number.

3. The high speed air-assisted oilseed collector distribution device suitable for use in micro-ridging seeding according to claim 1, wherein, The ridge seed guide pipes and the furrow seed guide pipes have two commonly used specifications, and can be selected and used according to needs, one specification is that the outer diameter of the ridge seed guide pipe is 25 mm, the inner diameter is 20 mm, the outer diameter of the furrow seed guide pipe is 25 mm, and the inner diameter is 10 mm, and the other specification is that the outer diameter of the furrow seed guide pipe is 25 mm, the inner diameter is 20 mm, the outer diameter of the ridge seed guide pipe is 25 mm, and the inner hole diameter is 10 mm.

4. The high speed air-assisted oilseed collector distribution device suitable for use in micro-ridging seeding according to claim 1, wherein, The radius R of the convex sphere of the convex spherical distribution component is 38 mm.

5. The high speed air-assisted oilseed collector and distributor suitable for use in micro-ridging seeding system according to claim 1, wherein, The bending radii of the ridge seed guide pipes and the furrow seed guide pipes are consistent, the bending radius r is 37.5 mm, the center positions are centrally symmetric, and the ends of all the ridge seed guide pipes and the furrow seed guide pipes are vertically downward.

6. The high speed air-assisted oilseed collector distribution device suitable for use in micro-ridging seeding according to claim 1, wherein, The variable volume air chamber is enclosed by the distribution device shell and the convex spherical distribution component and penetrates the ridge and furrow seed guide pipes, the variable volume air chamber has two specifications, and can be selected and used according to needs, one specification is that the volume of the ridge air chamber is greater than that of the furrow air chamber, and the other specification is that the volume of the ridge air chamber is less than that of the furrow air chamber.

7. The high speed air-assisted oilseed collector distribution device suitable for use in micro-ridging seeding according to claim 1, wherein, One end of the gas-solid two-phase flow conveying pipe is provided with a mounting thread for connecting and fixing the distribution device with other parts of the collector, and the other end is connected and communicated with the bottom of the distributor.

8. The high speed air-assisted oilseed collector distribution device suitable for use in micro-ridging seeding according to claim 1, wherein, The distribution device shell comprises a bottom arc-shaped shell, a vertical shell, a horizontal shell and a top arc-shaped shell, the vertical shell is arranged above the bottom arc-shaped shell and connected therewith, and a plurality of ridge seed guide pipes and furrow seed guide pipes are evenly distributed on the upper end of the vertical shell.

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