A transmission system for a drone-specific firearm

Abstract

The application discloses a transmission system for unmanned aerial vehicle special gun, comprising: an automatic machine assembly, including a bolt carrier without a recoil spring and a roller arranged at the side end of the bolt carrier; a cam assembly, including a cylindrical cam; the cylindrical cam is rotationally supported on a lower receiver; the roller cooperates with a track of the cylindrical cam; the cylindrical cam is a push stroke-far rest-return stroke-near rest motion form cylindrical cam; the rearward movement of the bolt carrier is realized through the push stroke period movement of the cam; the return stroke period movement of the cam realizes the return movement of the automatic machine assembly; the cylindrical cam is provided with a ratchet tooth and cooperates with a pawl on the lower receiver, so as to prevent the reverse rotation of the cylindrical cam; and a motor assembly is used for driving the one-way rotation of the cam assembly. The automatic action is realized through the cam mechanism transmission, and the motor as a power source can eliminate the impact of the large impact force of the automatic machine after the shooting to the shooting precision of the unmanned aerial vehicle through the control of the rotating speed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of firearm structure design, and in particular to a transmission system for a special firearm for unmanned aerial vehicles used in aerial combat. Background Technology

[0002] After decades of research, through improvements in fly-by-wire technology and development of flight control technology, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology has gradually evolved towards higher efficiency, intelligence, and networking, playing an increasingly important role in both military and civilian fields. Unmanned aerial combat platforms integrate reconnaissance and attack functions onto a single platform. Utilizing high-performance reconnaissance and surveillance equipment to search for, detect, and lock onto targets, and employing specialized firearms carried on the platform to deliver precision strikes against detected targets, significantly shortening the time from target detection to engagement. Compared to manned aircraft, UAVs do not require consideration of pilot or passenger safety in their design; only the structural strength of the airframe needs to be ensured. Therefore, their maneuverability and flight modes have achieved significant breakthroughs, leading to their widespread application in various types of military battlefields at different altitudes and depths.

[0003] Currently, research on the weaponization of small unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) both domestically and internationally can be categorized into the following types: 1) Small UAVs carrying high-performance munitions; 2) Loitering munitions integrated with aircraft; 3) Small UAVs carrying grenade launchers; 4) Small UAVs carrying anti-tank weapons; and 5) Small UAVs carrying firearms. Regarding the development of small UAVs carrying firearms, most UAVs directly carry standard firearms. However, conventional firearms are poorly adapted to the aerial combat environment. Designing dedicated firearms for UAVs can solve problems such as high recoil. Therefore, research on the transmission system of dedicated firearms is an important direction. Against this backdrop, research on dedicated firearm transmission systems for UAVs is essential. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a transmission system for special firearms used in unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to meet the combat requirements of UAVs. This transmission system can be installed on special firearms used in UAVs, that is, through this invention, special firearms can complete automatic firearm actions under the condition of adapting to the aerial combat environment, thereby maximizing the effectiveness of UAVs in aerial combat.

[0005] The technical solution to achieve the purpose of this invention is as follows:

[0006] A transmission system for a firearm specifically designed for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), comprising:

[0007] Automatic mechanism assembly, including a bolt carrier with the recoil spring removed, and rollers disposed on the side of the bolt carrier;

[0008] The cam assembly includes a cylindrical cam; the cylindrical cam is rotatably supported on the lower receiver; the rollers cooperate with the track of the cylindrical cam; the cylindrical cam is a cylindrical cam with a push-end-return-near-return motion; the recoil action of the bolt carrier is realized by the push-end motion of the cam, and the return motion of the automatic mechanism assembly is realized by the return motion of the cam; the cylindrical cam is provided with ratchet teeth, which cooperate with the pawl on the lower receiver to prevent the cylindrical cam from reversing.

[0009] Motor assembly for driving the cam assembly in one direction.

[0010] The significant advantages of this invention compared to existing technologies are:

[0011] (1) This transmission system abandons the conventional method of using gunpowder gas as internal energy to complete automatic action in firearms. Instead, it uses external energy to complete automatic action through cam mechanism transmission. The motor as power source can eliminate the impact of the large impact force of the automatic mechanism recoiling into position during shooting on the shooting accuracy of the UAV by controlling the speed.

[0012] (2) Automatic action of the firearm is achieved by means of cam mechanism transmission. The cam is a cylindrical cam with a push stroke-far rest-return stroke-near rest motion form. The cam push stroke motion curve adopts the improved trapezoidal cycloidal-parabolic-cycloidal motion law, that is, the acceleration curve is trapezoidal. This law can make the automatic machine recoil quickly and will not cause rigid or flexible impact between the cam and the roller. The return motion curve adopts the 3-4-5 order polynomial motion law. This law can make the automatic machine return smoothly and also without rigid or flexible impact. Through the design of the push stroke curve and return curve, the recoil time of the automatic machine is less than the return time, and the recoil action is fast, and there will be no difficulty in shell extraction due to the small radio frequency.

[0013] (3) The motor adopts a model aircraft motor. The advantage of the model aircraft motor is that it is lightweight, which can reduce the burden on the drone. The cam is connected by a camshaft and a key. The camshaft is relatively long and is installed on the motor output shaft by a threaded connection as an extension shaft.

[0014] (4) Automatic action of the firearm is achieved by means of cam mechanism transmission, which replaces the gunpowder gas to drive the automatic mechanism. The movement of each moving part of the firearm is completely forced, without utilizing the inertial movement of any parts. This ensures smooth movement of the automatic mechanism and reliable shooting action, thereby guaranteeing the reliability of the firearm.

[0015] (5) By controlling the movement of the cam mechanism through external energy, the automatic mechanism can quickly discharge "dud" ammunition without having to recall the drone for manual ammunition discharge, which greatly reduces the failure rate of drone-specific firearms.

[0016] (6) By optimizing the cylindrical cam structure, the material other than the support required for the cam track is removed, reducing the weight of the cam and reducing the load on the UAV while ensuring the strength of the cam.

[0017] (7) By machining ratchet teeth on the surface of the cylindrical cam, the safety of special firearms can be improved. When the firearm stops firing due to malfunction, if the bullet is already in the chamber position, the bolt carrier may return to its original position due to flight action, which may cause accidental discharge. Therefore, the pawl installed on the lower receiver will lock the ratchet teeth to prevent the cam from reversing and ensure that the bolt carrier will not return to its original position, thereby ensuring the safety of using special firearms. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is the assembly drawing of the transmission system (when mounted on a special firearm);

[0019] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the transmission system;

[0020] Figure 3 Exploded view of the automata components;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the interaction between the automatic machine assembly and the cam assembly;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a cam.

[0023] Figure 6 The cam travel-angle curve;

[0024] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the "improved cycloid-parabola-cycloid" motion law during the cam push stroke period;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the "3rd-4th-5th degree polynomial" motion law during the cam's return stroke. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0027] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 This embodiment provides a transmission system for a firearm specifically designed for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Powered by an external energy source, the system uses a cam mechanism to drive the bolt carrier, completing automatic actions such as recoil and forward movement, thereby controlling the firing of the firearm. The transmission system consists of a motor assembly 1, an automatic mechanism assembly 2, and a cam assembly 3.

[0028] The motor assembly 1, automatic mechanism assembly 2, and cam assembly 3 are all mounted on the lower receiver 4 of a dedicated firearm. The motor assembly 1 mainly consists of a front motor cover 101, a model aircraft motor 102, a rear motor cover 103, and an electronic speed controller 104. The model aircraft motor 102 is positioned between the front motor cover 101 and the rear motor cover 103 to protect the external rotor motor. The front motor cover 101 and the rear motor cover 103 are connected by bolts. This entire assembly is mounted on the lower receiver 4. The electronic speed controller 104... It is also installed on the lower receiver 4. The automatic mechanism assembly 2 is mainly composed of cam guide rod slide 201, bolt head 202, cam roller slide guide rod 203, bolt carrier 204, roller 205, pin 206, cam roller slide 207, etc. The cam assembly 3 is mainly composed of cylindrical cam 301, cam shaft 302, bearing 303, pawl spring 304, pawl 305, etc. The pawl 305 is fixed to the bottom of the lower receiver 4 by the pawl spring 304 and the pin.

[0029] The cylindrical cam 301 is mounted on the camshaft 302, which is fixed to the output shaft of the model aircraft motor 102 by a threaded connection. The front cover 101 and the rear cover 103 of the motor are fixed by bolts and nuts, and the model aircraft motor 102 is installed therein. The ESC 104, i.e., the electronic speed controller, can play the role of feedback and further control the motor speed, thereby realizing different ranges of firing frequencies.

[0030] The lower receiver 4 is a component of a specialized firearm, and the overall firearm structure is not the focus of this patent, so it will not be described in detail. The purpose of this patent design is to provide a transmission system that can drive the automatic mechanism to complete the automatic action of the firearm. A drone-specific firearm equipped with this system can better adapt to the aerial combat environment. In other words, applying the transmission system structure designed in this patent to drone-specific firearms results in minimal impact on drone flight control and higher shooting accuracy. It should be noted that since this transmission system is applied to drone-specific firearms in an aerial combat environment, the requirements for radio frequency are not high. Furthermore, because the system is driven by an external energy source, the movement of the mechanism is under forced conditions, so there are no strict requirements on the recoil speed of the bolt carrier 204. Therefore, this transmission system, while replacing the action of gunpowder gas, does not achieve the same action time, but rather the same action effect.

[0031] Taken from the text Figure 1 The direction of the gun muzzle is the front end.

[0032] Combination Figure 4The cam roller slide 207 is fixed to the side of the bolt carrier 204 by screws. The cam roller slide guide rod 203 connects the cam guide rod slide 201 to the cam roller slide 207 and fixes the cam roller slide guide rod 203 to the cam roller slide 207 by pin 206. The roller 205 is installed on the cam roller slide 207 and can rotate relative to the cam roller slide 207 and cooperate with the track of the cylindrical cam 301. The cam guide rod slide 201 is installed on the guide rail of the lower receiver 4 and can slide on the lower receiver 4 parallel to the direction of the barrel. When the cylindrical cam 301 rotates and drives the bolt carrier 204 to move through the cylindrical cam 301, the cam guide rod slide 201 can play an auxiliary role in the movement to ensure the smooth transmission of the transmission system.

[0033] Combination Figure 5 , Figure 6 The cylindrical cam 301 is a cylindrical cam with a push-end-return-near-return motion. This motion law drives the transmission system to achieve the corresponding automatic actions of the special firearm. Furthermore, the return motion eliminates the conventional firearm return spring; the return motion of the cam achieves the return of the automatic mechanism component 2. The cylindrical cam 301 is machined to remove excess material other than that required for track support, reducing the mass of the cylindrical cam 301 and lowering the load on the UAV. The cylindrical cam 301 has a near-return outer end face... The ratchet gear 301-1 is machined, and the pawl 305 engages with the ratchet gear 301-1 under the action of the pawl spring 304. When the transmission system is working normally, the pawl 305 does not affect the normal rotation of the cylindrical cam 301. When the special firearm malfunctions or other problems cause it to stop firing, the spring force of the pawl spring 304 can make the pawl 305 engage the ratchet gear 301-1, preventing the cylindrical cam 301 from reversing. The motion law of the cylindrical cam 301 during the push stroke adopts a modified trapezoidal cycloidal-parabolic-cycloidal motion law, such as... Figure 7 As shown, the acceleration curve of this motion law is trapezoidal in shape, with no abrupt changes. The velocity curve accelerates rapidly. There is no rigid or flexible impact between the roller 205 and the cylindrical cam 301. The return motion law adopts a 3rd-4th-5th order polynomial motion law, as shown in the figure. Figure 8 As shown, this motion law allows the automaton to recoil smoothly without rigid or flexible impacts. The design of the push and return curves ensures that the recoil time of the automaton is less than the recoil time, and the recoil action is rapid, so that the shell extraction will not be difficult due to the small radio frequency.

[0034] The working process of the transmission system is as follows: First, the fire control system issues a firing command. The model aircraft motor 102 is controlled by the electronic speed controller 104 to rotate at a certain speed. The rotation of the motor output shaft drives the camshaft 302 to rotate, which in turn drives the cylindrical cam 301 to rotate. The rotation of the cylindrical cam 301 causes the roller 205 in its track to slide along the track, thereby driving the bolt carrier 204 to recoil. The loading process meets the actual firing conditions of a real firearm. The rotation of the cylindrical cam 301 drives the automatic mechanism component 2 to complete a series of automatic actions such as recoil, ejection, forward movement, and feeding. After the automatic actions are completed, the automatic mechanism component 2 returns to the initial position, completing one firing. At this time, the cylindrical cam 301 rotates to the near rest period and then continues to rotate until the cylindrical cam 301 rotates to the push-stroke period again. The firearm continues to fire a second time, and then the cycle repeats. The time for the cylindrical cam 301 to rotate one revolution is the same as the single-shot firing time of the UAV-specific firearm.

Claims

1. A transmission system for a firearm specifically designed for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), characterized in that, include: The automatic mechanism assembly includes a bolt carrier with the recoil spring removed and a roller disposed on the side of the bolt carrier; the automatic mechanism assembly also includes a cam guide rod slide, a cam roller slide guide rod, and a cam roller slide; the cam roller slide is fixed to the side of the bolt carrier, the cam roller slide guide rod is connected between the cam guide rod slide and the cam roller slide, the roller is disposed on the cam roller slide and can rotate relative to the cam roller slide, and the cam guide rod slide can slide on the lower receiver parallel to the direction of the barrel; The cam assembly includes a cylindrical cam; the cylindrical cam is rotatably supported on the lower receiver; the rollers cooperate with the track of the cylindrical cam; the cylindrical cam is a cylindrical cam with a push-end-return-near-return motion; the recoil action of the bolt carrier is realized by the push-end motion of the cam, and the return motion of the automatic mechanism assembly is realized by the return motion of the cam; the cylindrical cam is provided with ratchet teeth, which cooperate with the pawl on the lower receiver to prevent the cylindrical cam from reversing; A motor assembly is used to drive the cam assembly to rotate in one direction; the motor assembly includes a front motor cover, a model aircraft motor, and a rear motor cover; the model aircraft motor is located between the front motor cover and the rear motor cover; the motor assembly also includes an electronic speed controller (ESC) for feedback and further control of the motor speed; The motion law of the cylindrical cam during the push stroke adopts a trapezoidal cycloid-parabola-cycloid motion law, and the acceleration curve of this motion law is trapezoidal; the motion law during the return stroke adopts a 3-4-5 order polynomial motion law.

2. The transmission system for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) specialized firearms according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cylindrical cam machining process removes excess material beyond what is needed for the track's support.

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