A novel fourteen-hole pneumatic probe and its use method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a novel pneumatic probe in the form of fourteen holes, including a pressure measuring rod and a pressure measuring head; the pressure measuring head includes a spherical body and fourteen pressure-sensitive holes opened on the surface of the body; the k1 hole and the k14 hole are located at both ends of the spherical diameter of the body, and the remaining twelve pressure-sensitive holes are divided into two groups; the two groups of pressure-sensitive holes are evenly distributed around the circumference with the spherical diameter of the k1 hole as the center line and form a first spherical section and a second spherical section respectively, and the first spherical section is located between the second spherical section and the k1 hole; the connecting line between any two adjacent pressure-sensitive holes on the first spherical section and the nearest pressure-sensitive hole on the second spherical section and the connecting line with the k1 hole are equal; the end of the pressure measuring rod is located in the triangle formed by any three pressure-sensitive holes. The present invention discloses a method for using a novel pneumatic probe in the form of fourteen holes, including the following steps: S1 calibration, S2 installation, and S3 measurement. The present invention realizes that the measurement angle of the pneumatic probe is increased to ±180°, and can realize omnidirectional angle measurement of complex three-dimensional flow fields.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of flow field testing, and in particular to a novel fourteen-hole pneumatic probe and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Many applications and test environments involve flow field measurement, which requires accurate instruments and methods to measure flow field parameters. Among the existing flow field test instruments, pneumatic probes have the advantages of being convenient, durable, and having low requirements on the test environment.

[0003] Pneumatic probes can be divided into three-hole probes, five-hole probes, seven-hole probes and other types. Among them, the three-hole probe is used to measure the flow parameters in two-dimensional space; the five-hole probe and the seven-hole probe can be used to measure the airflow parameters in three-dimensional flow fields. Usually, the measurement angle range of the five-hole probe is within ±30°, which can be expanded to ±45° after partitioning; the measurement angle range of the seven-hole probe can reach ±70°.

[0004] The patent name is "A 12-hole omnidirectional probe for subsonic complex three-dimensional flow field measurement", and the invention publication number is CN105588703A. It discloses a 12-hole omnidirectional probe for subsonic complex three-dimensional flow field measurement, which includes a pressure measuring head, a pressure measuring rod, a mounting seat, a positioning ring, a pressure measuring tube, and a pressure nozzle; the pressure measuring head is a spherical structure with a diameter of 5mm to 30mm. After electric spark or electrolytic forming processing, 12 pressure measuring holes are distributed on the pressure measuring head, and the pressure measuring holes are located in a regular icosahedron inscribed in the pressure measuring head. 12 vertices; the ratio of the diameter of the pressure head to the diameter of the pressure hole is 20-40; the ratio of the diameter of the pressure head to the diameter of the first support rod is 2-5; the ratio of the diameter of the pressure head to the length of the first support rod is 1-3; one end of the pressure tube is connected to the pressure nozzle, and the other end passes through the pressure tube and is connected to the pressure head. The pressure head, the pressure rod and the pressure tube are connected by silver-based brazing. The mounting seat is set on the outside of the third support rod for positioning and installation. One end of the pressure nozzle is connected to the pressure tube, and the other end is connected to the rear pressure scanning element to convert the pressure signal into an electrical signal. The technical solution disclosed in the invention has a measurement angle of ±165°.

[0005] However, in many complex flow fields, such as the wake area or backflow area of ​​a non-streamline object, the airflow direction angle is much larger than the angle range that can be measured by the five-hole probe and the seven-hole probe, and even larger than the angle range of ±165°. Therefore, the existing pneumatic probe has the technical problem of being unable to achieve omnidirectional angle measurement. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention provides a novel fourteen-hole pneumatic probe and a use method thereof, so as to solve the technical problem that the existing pneumatic probe cannot realize omnidirectional angle measurement.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is:

[0008] A novel fourteen-hole pneumatic probe comprises a pressure measuring rod and a pressure measuring head fixed at the end of the pressure measuring rod; the pressure measuring head comprises a spherical body and fourteen pressure-sensitive holes opened on the surface of the body; the fourteen pressure-sensitive holes comprise a k1 hole and a k14 hole located at both ends of the spherical diameter of the body, and the remaining twelve pressure-sensitive holes are divided into two groups; the two groups of pressure-sensitive holes are evenly distributed around the circumference with the spherical diameter of the k1 hole as the center line, the two groups of pressure-sensitive holes respectively form a first spherical section and a second spherical section, the first spherical section is located between the second spherical section and the k1 hole, the distance from the k1 hole to the first spherical section is equal to the distance from the k14 hole to the second spherical section; the connecting line between any two adjacent pressure-sensitive holes on the first spherical section and the nearest pressure-sensitive hole on the second spherical section and the connecting line with the k1 hole are equal; the end of the pressure measuring rod is located in a triangle formed by any three pressure-sensitive holes.

[0009] Furthermore, the novel fourteen-hole pneumatic probe also includes a pressure measuring tube, a pressure nozzle and a pressure sensor which are sequentially connected to the fourteen pressure-sensing holes.

[0010] Furthermore, the ball diameter of the body is 20 mm, and the hole diameter of the pressure-sensitive hole is 1.5 mm.

[0011] Furthermore, the end of the pressure measuring rod is located at the center of a triangle formed by any three pressure sensing holes, and the axis passes through the center of the sphere of the body.

[0012] A method for using a novel fourteen-hole pneumatic probe comprises the following steps:

[0013] S1 Calibration:

[0014] The new fourteen-hole pneumatic probe is calibrated using a calibration wind tunnel and a calibration device.

[0015] S2 Installation:

[0016] A calibrated new fourteen-hole pneumatic probe is installed in the test flow field, and the new fourteen-hole pneumatic probe is connected to a data processing system.

[0017] S3 Measurement:

[0018] The new fourteen-hole pneumatic probe collects data in real time, and the parameters of the incoming flow are obtained after being processed by the data processing system.

[0019] Furthermore, the S1 calibration steps include:

[0020] S1-1 partition:

[0021] The pressure measuring head is divided into twelve congruent diamond-shaped partitions with fourteen pressure-sensing holes as vertices.

[0022] S1-2 points:

[0023] Calibration points are arranged in each diamond-shaped partition.

[0024] S1-3 fixed:

[0025] Fix the load cell on the turntable.

[0026] S1-4 Collection:

[0027] Adjust the calibration wind tunnel to fix the incoming flow Mach number, adjust the turntable to align the incoming flow direction with the calibration point, and collect the corresponding data of the four pressure-sensitive holes in the diamond partition where the calibration point is located; repeat this step to complete the collection of calibration points in each diamond partition.

[0028] S1-5 calculation:

[0029] The collected data is processed into calibration curves for each diamond partition, and the azimuth calibration coefficient K of each diamond partition is calculated through the collected data. α , Pitch angle calibration coefficient K β , total pressure calibration coefficient K O And static pressure calibration factor K Q .

[0030] Furthermore, the calibration points in step S1-2 are arranged in such a way that thirteen calibration points are evenly spaced on each side of each rhombus partition, and a total of one hundred and sixty-nine calibration points are arranged in each rhombus partition.

[0031] Furthermore, the S3 measurement steps include:

[0032] S3-1 Pressure collection:

[0033] The pressure of fourteen pressure-sensitive holes is collected in real time.

[0034] S3-2 partition judgment:

[0035] The data processing system compares the three pressure-sensing holes with the largest pressure values ​​and determines the diamond-shaped partition where the incoming flow angle falls.

[0036] S3-3 reads data:

[0037] The data processing system reads the pressure data of the four pressure-sensitive holes corresponding to the diamond-shaped partition.

[0038] S3-4 Calculate the azimuth coefficient K′ α and the pitch angle coefficient K′ β :

[0039] Calculate the azimuth coefficient K′ based on the pressure data read from the four pressure-sensitive holes α , pitch angle coefficient K′ β .

[0040] S3-5 calculates the azimuth angle α and the elevation angle β:

[0041] According to the azimuth coefficient K′ α , pitch angle coefficient K′ β Azimuth calibration factor K with diamond partition α , Pitch angle calibration coefficient K β The azimuth angle α and the elevation angle β are obtained by interpolation calculation.

[0042] S3-6 Calculate the total pressure coefficient K′ O , static pressure coefficient K′ Q :

[0043] According to the azimuth angle α, pitch angle β and total pressure calibration coefficient K O Interpolation calculates the total pressure coefficient K′ O ; According to the azimuth angle α, pitch angle β and static pressure calibration coefficient K Q Interpolation calculation of static pressure coefficient K′ Q .

[0044] S3-7 Calculate the incoming flow Mach number Ma:

[0045] According to the total pressure coefficient K' O and static pressure coefficient K′ Q The incoming flow Mach number Ma is calculated.

[0046] Beneficial effects:

[0047] First, the present application sets up fourteen pressure-sensitive holes, and the arrangement of the fourteen pressure-sensitive holes can form twelve congruent rhombus partitions, thereby increasing the measurement angle to ±180° and realizing omnidirectional angle measurement of complex three-dimensional flow fields.

[0048] Second, the present application is divided into twelve congruent rhombus partitions, and the rhombus partitions can adopt the calibration concept of the outer area of ​​the seven-hole probe, avoiding the judgment of the inner and outer areas and simplifying the calibration steps; and because the sphere is divided into more partitions, the measurement efficiency and measurement accuracy are improved.

[0049] Third, the pressure measuring head is designed to be spherical in the present application, which can suppress the airflow separation on its surface and reduce the interference of the circumferential flow on the flow field. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0050] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0051] Figure 1This is a schematic structural diagram of a novel fourteen-hole pneumatic probe disclosed in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 2 It is a front view of a novel fourteen-hole pneumatic probe pressure measuring head disclosed in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 3 It is a rear view of a novel fourteen-hole pneumatic probe pressure measuring head disclosed in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a diamond-shaped partition on a novel fourteen-hole pneumatic probe pressure measuring head disclosed in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the AFC plane;

[0056] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of diamond-shaped partitioned calibration points for a method of using a novel fourteen-hole pneumatic probe disclosed in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0057] 1. Pressure measuring rod; 2. Pressure measuring head; 21. Main body; 22. Pressure sensing hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0059] Example 1

[0060] A new type of fourteen-hole pneumatic probe, such as Figure 1As shown, it includes a pressure measuring rod 1 and a pressure measuring head 2 fixed to the end of the pressure measuring rod 1; the pressure measuring head 2 includes a spherical body 21 and fourteen pressure-sensitive holes 22 opened on the surface of the body 21; the fourteen pressure-sensitive holes 22 include a k1 hole and a k14 hole located at both ends of the spherical diameter of the body 21, and the remaining twelve pressure-sensitive holes 22 are divided into two groups; the two groups of pressure-sensitive holes 22 are evenly distributed around the circumference with the spherical diameter of the k1 hole as the center line, and the two groups of pressure-sensitive holes 22 form a first spherical section and a second spherical section respectively, the first spherical section is located between the second spherical section and the k1 hole, and the distance from the k1 hole to the first spherical section is equal to the distance from the k14 hole to the second spherical section; the line connecting any two adjacent pressure-sensitive holes 22 on the first spherical section and the pressure-sensitive hole 22 closest to the second spherical section and the line connecting the k1 hole are equal; the end of the pressure measuring rod 1 is located in the triangle formed by any three pressure-sensitive holes 22.

[0061] The novel 14-hole pneumatic probe also includes a pressure measuring tube, a pressure nozzle and a pressure sensor connected in sequence to the 14 pressure-sensing holes 22. The ball diameter of the body 21 is 20 mm, and the hole diameter of the pressure-sensing hole 22 is 1.5 mm. The end of the pressure measuring rod 1 is located at the center of the triangle formed by any three pressure-sensing holes 22, and the axis passes through the ball center of the body 21.

[0062] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the fourteen pressure-sensitive holes 22 are named in sequence: hole k1, hole k2, hole k3, hole k4, hole k5, hole k6, hole k7, hole k8, hole k9, hole k10, hole k11, hole k12, hole k13 and hole k14. Holes k2, k3, k4, k5, hole k6 and hole k7 are the first group, and the six holes of the first group are evenly distributed on the circumference of the first spherical section, that is, the angle between the lines connecting the two adjacent holes and the center of the first spherical section is 60°, which ensures that the lines connecting the two adjacent holes of the six holes of the first group are equal. The k8 hole, k9 hole, k10 hole, k11 hole, k12 hole, and k13 hole are the second group. The six holes of the second group are evenly distributed on the circumference of the second spherical section, ensuring that the connecting lines of two adjacent holes of the six holes of the second group are equal; and the second group of holes is offset by 30° from the first group of holes, that is, the plane formed by the k1 hole, k2 hole, and k14 hole perpendicularly divides the connecting line of the k8 hole and the k9 hole, ensuring that the connecting line of the k2 hole and the k14 hole is perpendicular to the connecting line of the k8 hole and the k9 hole, so as to meet the requirement that the rhombus diagonal lines are perpendicular to each other. Adjust the distance between the first spherical section and the second spherical section so that the connecting line of any two adjacent pressure-sensing holes 22 on the first spherical section and the nearest pressure-sensing hole 22 on the second spherical section and the connecting line of the k1 hole are equal, for example, the connecting lines of the k1 hole and the k2 hole, the k1 hole and the k3 hole, the k2 hole and the k8 hole, and the k3 hole and the k8 hole are equal. Therefore, a rhombus is formed with the k1 hole, k2 hole, k3 hole and k8 hole as vertices, and so on, the k1 hole and the holes of the first group and the second group are combined to form six rhombuses, and the k14 hole and the holes of the first group and the second group are combined to form six rhombuses, and the twelve rhombuses are congruent. This arrangement of the fourteen pressure-sensitive holes 22 can divide the pressure measuring head 2 into twelve congruent rhombus partitions; and because the diagonals of the rhombus partitions are perpendicularly divided, the directions of the two diagonals can be used for interpolation calculation, so that the twelve rhombus partitions of the pressure measuring head 2 can uniformly adopt the calibration ideas and calculation methods of the seven-hole probe outer area.

[0063] Therefore, the new 14-hole pneumatic probe can increase the measurement angle to ±180°, and realize omnidirectional angle measurement of complex three-dimensional flow fields. In addition, the new 14-hole pneumatic probe avoids the need to judge the inner and outer zones during the calibration and calculation of each partition, simplifying the calibration and calculation steps; more spherical partitions can improve measurement efficiency and accuracy. The spherical design of the pressure head can also suppress the separation of airflow on its surface and reduce the interference of the flow on the flow field.

[0064] To determine the specific positions of the first and second groups of holes on the spherical surface, it is only necessary to solve the distance from the k1 hole to the first spherical section. Figure 4As shown, take the k1 hole, k2 hole, k3 hole and k8 hole as examples for explanation. The k1 hole, k2 hole, k3 hole and k8 hole correspond to the four points A, B, C and D in the figure respectively. ABCD forms a rhombus. O is the center of the sphere, E is the center of the first sphere section, F is the midpoint of the arc BD, the sphere diameter is R, G is the center of the second sphere section, the k14 hole corresponds to the point H, and the distance from the k1 hole to the first sphere section is AE. From the geometric relationship, we know that ∠BED = 60°, ∠BEF = 30°, and ΔBEF is an isosceles triangle. Since C is located on the BD midsection, and the distance from the k1 hole to the first sphere section is equal to the distance from the k14 hole to the second sphere section, CF is parallel to AO, and CF is perpendicular to the sector BEDF; so ΔBFC is a right triangle, ∠BFC = 90°. From the Pythagorean theorem, we know that BF 2 +CF 2 =BC 2 .

[0065] like Figure 5 As shown, let the angle between the center of the sphere and the lines connecting the second group of points and the line connecting the k1 hole be t, that is, ∠AOF = t. Then according to the spatial geometric relationship, EF = Rsint, AE = R(1-cost), CF = 2Rcost, BF=2EFsin(15°). In summary, BF 2 +CF 2 =BC 2 That is: (2Rsintsin(15°)) 2 +(2Rcost) 2 =(R(1-cost)) 2 +(Rsint) 2 . After rearrangement, we can get 2(1-(cost) 2 )(sin15°) 2 +2(cost) 2 =1-cost. Since sin15° is approximately equal to 0.2588, we can simplify it into the equation to get 1.866(cost) 2 +(cost)-0.866=0. According to the quadratic equation, there is a solution discriminant Δ=b 2 -4ac=1-4×1.866×(-0.866)>0, so the equation has two unequal real solutions, where the real solution greater than 0 is set to cos(t)=m, then t=arccos(m), and the distance AE from the k1 hole to the first spherical section is R(1-m). According to the obtained equation, the positions of the first spherical section and the second spherical section can be determined, and then the first group and the second group of points can be arranged.

[0066] Example 2

[0067] A method for using a novel fourteen-hole pneumatic probe comprises the following steps:

[0068] S1 Calibration:

[0069] The new fourteen-hole pneumatic probe is calibrated using a calibration wind tunnel and calibration device. The specific S1 calibration steps include:

[0070] S1-1 partition:

[0071] The pressure measuring head 2 is divided into twelve congruent rhombus partitions with the fourteen pressure sensing holes 22 as vertices; the partition conditions are as follows:

[0072] The first partition: a diamond partition with holes k1, k2, k3 and k8 as vertices.

[0073] The second partition: a diamond partition with holes k1, k3, k4 and k13 as vertices.

[0074] The third partition: a diamond partition with holes k1, k4, k5 and k12 as vertices.

[0075] The fourth partition: a diamond partition with holes k1, k5, k6 and k11 as vertices.

[0076] The fifth partition: a diamond partition with holes k1, k6, k7 and k10 as vertices.

[0077] The sixth partition: a diamond partition with holes k1, k7, k2 and k9 as vertices.

[0078] The seventh partition: a diamond-shaped partition with holes k14, k9, k8 and k2 as vertices.

[0079] The eighth partition: a diamond-shaped partition with k14 holes, k8 holes, k13 holes, and k3 holes as vertices.

[0080] The ninth partition: a diamond-shaped partition with holes k14, k13, k12 and k4 as vertices.

[0081] The tenth partition: a diamond-shaped partition with holes k14, k12, k11 and k5 as vertices.

[0082] The eleventh partition: a diamond-shaped partition with holes k14, k11, k10 and k6 as vertices.

[0083] The twelfth partition: a diamond-shaped partition with holes k14, k10, k9 and k7 as vertices.

[0084] S1-2 points:

[0085] like Figure 6As shown, calibration points are arranged in each diamond partition, and the arrangement method is: thirteen calibration points are arranged at equal intervals on each side of each diamond partition, and a total of one hundred and sixty-nine calibration points are arranged in each diamond partition.

[0086] S1-3 fixed:

[0087] The pressure measuring rod 1 is fixed on a turntable, and the turntable is placed in a calibration wind tunnel.

[0088] S1-4 Collection:

[0089] Adjust the calibration wind tunnel to fix the incoming flow Mach number, adjust the turntable so that the incoming flow direction is aligned with the calibration point, collect the corresponding data of the four pressure-sensitive holes 22 in the diamond partition where the calibration point is located; collect data one by one along the thirteen lines of the diamond partition where the calibration point is located; complete the collection of data for one hundred and sixty-nine calibration points in the diamond partition where the calibration point is located. Repeat this step to complete the data collection of the calibration points of the twelve diamond partitions.

[0090] S1-5 calculation:

[0091] The collected data is processed into calibration curves for each diamond partition, and the azimuth calibration coefficient K of each diamond partition is calculated through the collected data. α , Pitch angle calibration coefficient K β , total pressure calibration coefficient K O And static pressure calibration factor K Q , forming the calibration files for each partition.

[0092] Take the first partition as an example:

[0093]

[0094]

[0095]

[0096]

[0097] Where: P1 is the pressure value of hole k1, P2 is the pressure value of hole k2, P3 is the pressure value of hole k3, P8 is the pressure value of hole k8, P0 is the total pressure of the calibration wind tunnel, and P is the static pressure of the calibration wind tunnel. Azimuth calibration coefficient K α It can characterize the degree of deviation of the airflow in the direction of the line connecting the k2 holes and the k3 holes, and the pitch angle calibration coefficient K β It can characterize the degree of deviation of the airflow in the direction of the line connecting the k1 hole and the k8 hole; any airflow direction falling in the first partition can be decomposed into these two mutually perpendicular directions, thereby realizing the interpolation function.

[0098] S2 Installation:

[0099] A calibrated new fourteen-hole pneumatic probe is installed in the test flow field, and the new fourteen-hole pneumatic probe is connected to a data processing system.

[0100] S3 Measurement:

[0101] The new fourteen-hole pneumatic probe collects data in real time, and the parameters of the incoming flow are obtained after being processed by the data processing system. The specific S3 measurement steps include:

[0102] S3-1 Pressure collection:

[0103] The pressure of the fourteen pressure-sensing holes 22 is collected in real time.

[0104] S3-2 partition judgment:

[0105] The data processing system compares the three pressure-sensing holes 22 with the largest pressure values ​​and determines the diamond-shaped partition where the incoming flow angle falls.

[0106] S3-3 reads data:

[0107] The data processing system reads the pressure value data of the four pressure-sensing holes 22 corresponding to the diamond-shaped partition.

[0108] S3-4 Calculate the azimuth coefficient K′ α and the pitch angle coefficient K′ β :

[0109] Calculate the azimuth coefficient K′ based on the pressure value data read from the four pressure-sensing holes 22 α , pitch angle coefficient K′ β ;

[0110] S3-5 calculates the azimuth angle α and the elevation angle β:

[0111] According to the azimuth coefficient K′ α , pitch angle coefficient K′ β Azimuth calibration factor K with diamond partition α , Pitch angle calibration coefficient K β The azimuth angle α and the elevation angle β are obtained by interpolation calculation.

[0112] S3-6 Calculate the total pressure coefficient K′ O , static pressure coefficient K′ Q :

[0113] According to the azimuth angle α, pitch angle β and total pressure calibration coefficient K O Interpolation calculates the total pressure coefficient K′ O ; According to the azimuth angle α, pitch angle β and static pressure calibration coefficient K Q Interpolation calculation of static pressure coefficient K′ Q ;

[0114] S3-7 Calculate the incoming flow Mach number Ma:

[0115] According to the total pressure coefficient K' O and static pressure coefficient K′ Q The incoming flow Mach number Ma is calculated.

[0116] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A novel fourteen-hole pneumatic probe, comprising a pressure measuring rod (1) and a pressure measuring head (2) fixed to the end of the pressure measuring rod (1); the pressure measuring head (2) comprises a spherical body (21) and fourteen pressure-sensing holes (22) opened on the surface of the body (21); characterized in that: The fourteen pressure-sensitive holes (22) include a k1 hole and a k14 hole located at both ends of the ball diameter of the body (21), and the remaining twelve pressure-sensitive holes (22) are divided into two groups; the two groups of pressure-sensitive holes (22) are evenly distributed around the circumference of the ball diameter where the k1 hole is located as the center line, and the two groups of pressure-sensitive holes (22) respectively form a first ball section and a second ball section, the first ball section is located between the second ball section and the k1 hole, and the distance from the k1 hole to the first ball section is equal to the distance from the k14 hole to the second ball section; The connecting line between any two adjacent pressure-sensing holes (22) on the first spherical cross section and the closest pressure-sensing hole (22) on the second spherical cross section and the connecting line between the k1 hole are all equal; the end of the pressure-measuring rod (1) is located within the triangle formed by any three of the pressure-sensing holes (22).

2. A novel fourteen-hole pneumatic probe according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a pressure measuring tube, a pressure nozzle and a pressure sensor which are sequentially connected to the fourteen pressure sensing holes (22).

3. A novel fourteen-hole pneumatic probe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ball diameter of the body (21) is 20 mm, and the hole diameter of the pressure-sensing hole (22) is 1.5 mm.

4. A novel fourteen-hole pneumatic probe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the pressure measuring rod (1) is located at the center of a triangle formed by any three of the pressure sensing holes (22), and the axis passes through the center of the sphere of the body (21).

5. A method for using a novel fourteen-hole pneumatic probe according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1 Calibration: Calibrate the novel fourteen-hole pneumatic probe by using a calibration wind tunnel and a calibration device; S2 Installation: Installing the calibrated novel fourteen-hole pneumatic probe in the test flow field, and connecting the novel fourteen-hole pneumatic probe to a data processing system; S3 Measurement: The novel fourteen-hole pneumatic probe collects data in real time, and the parameters of the incoming flow are obtained after being processed by the data processing system.

6. The method for using the novel fourteen-hole pneumatic probe according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The S1 calibration steps include: S1-1 partition: The pressure measuring head (2) is divided into twelve congruent rhombus partitions with the fourteen pressure sensing holes (22) as vertices; S1-2 points: Arrange calibration points in each diamond-shaped partition; S1-3 fixed: Fixing the pressure measuring rod (1) on a turntable; S1-4 Collection: Adjust the calibration wind tunnel to fix the incoming flow Mach number, adjust the turntable so that the incoming flow direction is aligned with the calibration point, and collect the corresponding data of the four pressure-sensing holes (22) in the diamond partition where the calibration point is located; repeat this step to complete the collection of calibration points in each diamond partition; S1-5 calculation: The collected data is processed into calibration curves for each diamond partition, and the azimuth calibration coefficient K of each diamond partition is calculated through the collected data. α , Pitch angle calibration coefficient K β , total pressure calibration coefficient K O And static pressure calibration factor K Q .

7. The method for using the novel fourteen-hole pneumatic probe according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The calibration points in the S1-2 point arrangement step are arranged in such a way that thirteen calibration points are arranged at equal intervals on each side of each rhombus partition, and a total of one hundred and sixty-nine calibration points are arranged in each rhombus partition.

8. The method for using the novel fourteen-hole pneumatic probe according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The S3 measurement step includes: S3-1 Pressure collection: collecting the pressure of the fourteen pressure-sensing holes (22) in real time; S3-2 partition judgment: The data processing system compares and obtains the three pressure-sensing holes (22) with the largest pressure values, and determines the diamond-shaped partition where the incoming flow angle falls; S3-3 reads data: The data processing system reads the pressure data of the four pressure-sensing holes (22) corresponding to the diamond-shaped partition; S3-4 Calculate the azimuth coefficient K′ α and the pitch angle coefficient K′ β : Calculate the azimuth coefficient K′ based on the pressure data read from the four pressure-sensitive holes α , pitch angle coefficient K′ β ; S3-5 calculates the azimuth angle α and the elevation angle β: According to the azimuth coefficient K′ α , pitch angle coefficient K′ β Azimuth calibration factor K with diamond partition α , Pitch angle calibration coefficient K β Perform interpolation calculation to obtain the azimuth angle α and the elevation angle β; S3-6 Calculate the total pressure coefficient K′ O , static pressure coefficient K′ Q : According to the azimuth angle α, pitch angle β and total pressure calibration coefficient K O Interpolation calculates the total pressure coefficient K′ O ; According to the azimuth angle α, pitch angle β and static pressure calibration coefficient K Q Interpolation calculation of static pressure coefficient K′ Q ; S3-7 Calculate the incoming flow Mach number Ma: According to the total pressure coefficient K' O and static pressure coefficient K′ Q The incoming flow Mach number Ma is calculated.

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