A railway flatcar for transporting containers and its loading method

Abstract

This invention provides a railway flatcar for transporting containers and its loading method, belonging to the field of railway transportation technology. It includes a flatcar body, a receiving chamber, and a lifting mechanism. The flatcar body has two bearing surfaces: a first bearing surface and a second bearing surface, with the second bearing surface lower than the first bearing surface. The receiving chamber is located on the flatcar body and below the second bearing surface. A connecting opening is provided on the second bearing surface, communicating with the receiving chamber. The lifting mechanism includes a drive unit and a bearing unit. The drive unit drives the bearing unit to move vertically and through the connecting opening. The bearing unit has a first working position flush with the first bearing surface and a second working position flush with the second bearing surface. A container is mounted on the bearing unit. The railway flatcar for transporting containers provided by this invention, with its vertically arranged first and second bearing surfaces and the lifting mechanism mounted on the second bearing surface, has improved maneuverability and overall transport capacity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of railway transportation technology, and more specifically, relates to a railway flatcar for transporting containers and its loading method. Background Technology

[0002] In domestic and international rail transport, containers are generally transported using "equal-height flatbed" railway flatcars, without the use of dedicated concave-bottom flatcars. Currently, when transporting containers, the equal-height design of these flatcars in special sections results in poor maneuverability; conversely, creating a separate lower level would negatively impact the overall transport performance of the flatcar. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a railway flatcar for transporting containers and its loading method, so as to solve the technical problems of poor passability and low transport capacity of railway flatcars in the prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: to provide a railway flatcar for transporting containers, comprising:

[0005] The flatcar body has two first bearing surfaces and a second bearing surface located between the two first bearing surfaces, the second bearing surface being lower than the first bearing surfaces;

[0006] A receiving chamber is formed on the flatcar body and located below the second bearing surface; the second bearing surface is provided with a communication port that communicates with the receiving chamber;

[0007] A lifting mechanism is installed in the accommodating cavity; the lifting mechanism includes a drive unit and a support unit connected to the drive unit, the drive unit drives the support unit to move vertically and pass through the communication port, the support unit has a first working position flush with the first support surface and a second working position flush with the second support surface; the container is used to be installed on the support unit.

[0008] In one possible implementation, each of the two first bearing surfaces is provided with a first container locking device at the end away from the second bearing surface, and each of the two ends of the second bearing surface is provided with a second container locking device. The bearing part is provided with two third container locking devices, each corresponding to one of the two first container locking devices. The distance between the third container locking device and the corresponding first container locking device is equal to the distance between the two second container locking devices.

[0009] In one possible implementation, there are four first container lockers and four second container lockers, arranged in a rectangular array on the first and second bearing surfaces, respectively; and there are four third container lockers, arranged in pairs on both sides of the bearing portion.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the flatcar body includes a center beam, two side beams, and several crossbeams. The two side beams are respectively installed on both sides of the center beam and are arranged parallel to and spaced apart from the center beam. The length direction of the crossbeams is perpendicular to the length direction of the center beam, and the crossbeams are fixedly connected to the center beam and the two side beams. The center beam, the side beams, and the crossbeams are all box-shaped structures. The box-shaped structure includes a fixedly connected upper cover plate, a lower cover plate, two web plates, and several partitions installed inside the box-shaped structure.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the railway flatcar for transporting containers further includes a coupler, bogie, and brake mounted on the flatcar body.

[0012] In one possible implementation, there are two support units, symmetrically installed in the receiving chamber; each support unit includes:

[0013] Two movable seats are installed within the receiving cavity; the movable seats are arranged opposite each other at intervals, and each movable seat has the freedom to move closer or further apart; the driving unit is used to connect with the movable seats.

[0014] There are two lifting rods, each corresponding to one of the two movable seats; one end of each lifting rod is hinged to the movable seat, and the other end extends in a direction away from the movable seat.

[0015] A mounting plate is installed at the other end of the two lifting rods, and the lower end of the mounting plate is provided with two rotating parts that are respectively hinged to the other end of the two lifting rods; a container is used to be installed on the mounting plate;

[0016] The receiving chamber is provided with two limiting members that correspond to the first working position and the second working position respectively. The limiting members are connected to the movable seat and are used to limit the position of the movable seat.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the drive unit includes a rack and a handle, the movable seat is a gear meshing with the rack, the handle is drivenly connected to the gear, and one end of the lifting rod is hinged to the gear.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the movable seat is a slider, the driving unit includes a slide rail and a linear actuator, the movable seat is slidably connected to the slide rail, and the linear actuator is connected to the movable seat; one end of the lifting rod is hinged to the movable seat.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the bearing part further includes a tension spring and hooks mounted on both ends of the tension spring. Each of the two lifting rods is provided with a connecting shaft, and the two hooks are rotatably connected to the two connecting shafts respectively.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the railway flatcar for transporting containers provided by this invention are as follows: Compared with the prior art, in use, the first and second bearing surfaces of the railway flatcar for transporting containers of this invention are used to install containers. The second bearing surface, positioned at a lower level, is used to install containers, thereby improving the overall passability of the railway flatcar. When the lifting mechanism is activated, the carrying part, under the action of the drive unit, is controlled to move upwards through the connecting opening from inside the receiving chamber, and the carrying part is flush with the first bearing surface; at this time, the carrying part is in the first working position. Alternatively, when the lifting mechanism is activated, the carrying part, under the action of the drive unit, is controlled to move downwards through the connecting opening and enter the receiving chamber, and the carrying part is flush with the second bearing surface. At this time, the bearing section is in the second working position; specifically: when loading a first-specification container, the bearing section is set in the second working position, and the first-specification container is placed alone on the second bearing surface. In this installation method, the container height is low and the passage is strong; it can also be used to install second-specification containers, which are installed on two first bearing surfaces; when multiple first-specification containers need to be installed, the lifting mechanism is activated to position the bearing section in the first working position, so that the two first bearing surfaces and the bearing section are on the same horizontal plane. Therefore, the two first-specification containers are supported together on the two first bearing surfaces and the bearing section, which improves the overall transport capacity of the railway flatcar.

[0021] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for loading a railway flatcar for transporting containers, comprising any one of the above-mentioned railway flatcars for transporting containers, and further comprising:

[0022] When loading a container of the first specification, the lifting mechanism is activated to move downward and enter the receiving chamber, so that the bearing part is located in the second working position, the bearing part is flush with the second bearing surface, and the container of the first specification is installed on the second bearing surface;

[0023] When loading two containers of the first specification, the lifting mechanism is activated to move upward and pass through the receiving chamber, so that the bearing part is located in the first working position. The bearing part is flush with the two first bearing surfaces. The two containers of the first specification are installed on the first bearing surfaces and the bearing part. One end of the two containers of the first specification is supported on the two first bearing surfaces respectively, and the other end is supported on the bearing part.

[0024] When loading a container of the second specification, which is larger than the container of the first specification, the lifting mechanism is activated to move downward and enter the receiving chamber, so that the bearing part is located in the second working position, and the bearing part is flush with the second bearing surface, and the container of the second specification is installed on the two first bearing surfaces.

[0025] The loading method of the railway flatcar for transporting containers provided by the present invention adopts a railway flatcar for transporting containers. When loading a container of the first specification, the bearing part is set in the second working position, and the container of the first specification is placed separately on the second bearing surface. In this installation method, the container height is low and the passage is strong. The container of the second specification is installed on two first bearing surfaces, and the two containers of the first specification are supported together on the two first bearing surfaces and the bearing part, which improves the overall transport capacity of the railway flatcar. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a railway flatcar for transporting containers provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0028] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a railway flatcar for transporting containers provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0029] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a railway flatcar for transporting containers provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 ;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a top view of a railway flatcar for transporting containers provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5This is a front view of the connection between the lifting mechanism and the flatcar body provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a top view of the connection between the lifting mechanism and the flatcar body provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a side view of the connection between the lifting mechanism and the flatcar body provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] The following are the labeling elements in the figure:

[0035] 1. Flatcar body; 11. First load-bearing surface; 12. Second load-bearing surface; 13. First container locking device; 14. Second container locking device; 15. Third container locking device;

[0036] 2. Receiving chamber; 21. Connecting port; 22. Limiting element;

[0037] 3. Lifting mechanism; 31. Drive unit; 32. Bearing unit; 33. First working position; 34. Second working position; 35. Moving seat; 36. Lifting rod; 37. Mounting plate; 38. Connecting shaft;

[0038] 4. Middle beam; 41. Side beam; 42. Cross beam; 43. Top cover plate; 44. Bottom cover plate; 45. Web plate; 46. Partition plate;

[0039] 5. Tension spring; 51. Hook;

[0040] 6. Containers. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To make the technical problems to be solved, the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0042] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on or indirectly on that other component. When a component is referred to as being "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to or indirectly connected to that other component.

[0043] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0044] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0045] Please see Figures 1 to 7 The present invention will now describe the railway flatcar for transporting containers. A railway flatcar for transporting containers includes a flatcar body 1, a receiving chamber 2, and a lifting mechanism 3. The flatcar body 1 has two first bearing surfaces 11 and a second bearing surface 12 located between the two first bearing surfaces 11, the second bearing surface 12 being lower than the first bearing surfaces 11. The receiving chamber 2 is opened on the flatcar body 1 and located below the second bearing surface 12. The second bearing surface 12 has a connecting opening 21 communicating with the receiving chamber 2. The lifting mechanism 3 is installed inside the receiving chamber 2. The lifting mechanism 3 includes a drive unit 31 and a bearing unit 32 connected to the drive unit 31. The drive unit 31 drives the bearing unit 32 to move vertically and pass through the connecting opening 21. The bearing unit 32 has a first working position 33 flush with the first bearing surface 11 and a second working position 34 flush with the second bearing surface 12. A container 6 is used to be installed on the bearing unit 32.

[0046] The railway flatcar for transporting containers provided by this invention, compared with the prior art, uses a first bearing surface 11 and a second bearing surface 12 for mounting containers 6. The second bearing surface 12, positioned at a lower level, is used to mount the containers 6, improving the overall passability of the railway flatcar. The lifting mechanism 3 is activated, and under the action of the drive unit 31, the bearing part 32 is controlled to move upwards from inside the receiving chamber 2 through the connecting opening 21, and the bearing part 32 is flush with the first bearing surface 11. At this time, the bearing part 32 is in the first working position 33. Alternatively, the lifting mechanism 3 is activated, and under the action of the drive unit 31, the bearing part 32 is controlled to move downwards through the connecting opening 21 into the receiving chamber 2, and the bearing part 32 is flush with the second bearing surface 12. At this time, the bearing part 32 is in the first working position 33. At the second working position 34; specifically: when loading a first-specification container 6, the bearing part 32 is set at the second working position 34, and the first-specification container 6 is placed separately on the second bearing surface 12. In this installation method, the container 6 is lower in height and has stronger passability; it can also be used to install a second-specification container 6, which is installed on two first bearing surfaces 11; when multiple first-specification containers 6 need to be installed, the lifting mechanism 3 is activated to position the bearing part 32 at the first working position 33, so that the two first bearing surfaces 11 and the bearing part 32 are on the same horizontal plane. Therefore, the two first-specification containers 6 are supported together on the two first bearing surfaces 11 and the bearing part 32, which improves the overall transport capacity of the railway flatcar.

[0047] The length of the first-specification container 6 is less than the length of the second-specification container 6, and is half the length of the second-specification container 6. The first-specification container 6 is compatible with the second bearing surface 12, which is beneficial for the railway flatcar to pass through the tunnel and improves its throughput. The length of the first bearing surface 11 is half the length of the second bearing surface 12; therefore, when the bearing part 32 is flush with the first bearing surface 11, the two first-specification containers 6 are installed together on the railway flatcar.

[0048] Specifically, the first type of container 6 has a length of 20-foot standard container 6, and the second type of container 6 has a length of 40-foot standard container 6.

[0049] Please see Figures 1 to 7As a specific embodiment of the railway flatcar for transporting containers provided by the present invention, each of the two first bearing surfaces 11 is provided with a first container locking device 13 at the end away from the second bearing surface 12, and each of the two ends of the second bearing surface 12 is provided with a second container locking device 14. The bearing part 32 is provided with two third container locking devices 15, which are respectively corresponding to the two first container locking devices 13. The distance between the third container locking device 15 and the corresponding first container locking device 13 is equal to the distance between the two second container locking devices 14. The first container locking device 13, the second container locking device 14 and the third container locking device 15 are respectively installed on the first bearing surface 11, the second bearing surface 12 and the bearing part 32. When the container 6 is installed on the first bearing surface 11, the second bearing surface 12 and the bearing part 32, the container 6 is locked by means of the first container locking device 13, the second container locking device 14 and the third container locking device 15, so as to ensure that the railway flatcar transportation process is more stable and smooth, and less prone to accidents.

[0050] Please see Figures 1 to 4 In one specific embodiment of the railway flatcar for transporting containers provided by the present invention, there are four first container locking devices 13 and four second container locking devices 14, arranged in a rectangular array on the first bearing surface 11 and the second bearing surface 12, respectively; there are four third container locking devices 15, arranged in pairs, installed on both sides of the bearing part 32; when a second-sized container 6 with a larger length is placed on the two first bearing surfaces 11, the four lower corners of the second-sized container 6 are simultaneously supported by the four first container locking devices 13. When installing two smaller first-sized containers 6, the two first-sized containers 6 are installed one after the other on the flatcar body 1, and one end of each first-sized container 6 is installed on the two first container locking devices 13 on the first bearing surface 11, and the other end is installed on the third container locking device 15 on the bearing part 32. When installing a single smaller first-sized container 6, the first-sized container 6 is installed entirely on the second bearing surface 12, and both ends of the first-sized container 6 are installed on the second container locking devices 14 at the ends of the second bearing surface 12, respectively. This method makes the installation of container 6 on the railway flatcar more secure, stable, and safe.

[0051] Please see Figures 1 to 3As a specific embodiment of the railway flatcar for transporting containers provided by the present invention, the flatcar body 1 includes a central beam 4, two side beams 41, and several crossbeams 42. The two side beams 41 are respectively installed on both sides of the central beam 4 and are arranged parallel to and spaced apart from the central beam 4. The length direction of the crossbeams 42 is perpendicular to the length direction of the central beam 4, and the crossbeams 42 are fixedly connected to the central beam 4 and the two side beams 41. The central beam 4, the side beams 41, and the crossbeams 42 are all box-shaped structures. The box-shaped structure includes a fixedly connected upper cover plate 43, a lower cover plate 44, two web plates 45, and several partitions 46 installed inside the box-shaped structure. The central beam 4 and the two side beams 41 are fixedly connected together by several crossbeams 42 to form the flatcar body. The central beam 4 and the two side beams 41 are all bent downward in the middle so that both ends and the middle have planes. Therefore, two first bearing surfaces 11 are formed at the two ends of the central beam 4 and the two side beams 41, and a second bearing surface 12 is formed in the middle. The central beam 4, side beams 41, and crossbeams 42 are all box-type structures. These box-type structures include an upper cover plate 43, a lower cover plate 44, two web plates 45, and several internal partitions 46. The upper cover plate 43, lower cover plate 44, two web plates 45, and partitions 46 are all welded together, making the entire box-type structure more stable, robust, and able to safely and effectively support the container 6. The upper cover plate 43, lower cover plate 44, and web plates 45 all have a downward-bending structure in the middle.

[0052] As a specific embodiment of the railway flatcar for transporting containers provided by the present invention, the railway flatcar for transporting containers also includes a coupler, a bogie, and a brake installed on the flatcar body 1, thereby making the movement of the railway flatcar more stable, safe, and accurate.

[0053] Please see Figures 1 to 7As a specific embodiment of the railway flatcar for transporting containers provided by the present invention, the number of carrying units 32 is two, which are symmetrically installed in the receiving chamber 2. The carrying unit 32 includes two movable seats 35, lifting rods 36, and mounting plates 37. The number of movable seats 35 is two, and both are installed in the receiving chamber 2. The movable seats 35 are arranged at intervals and opposite to each other, and the two movable seats 35 have the freedom to move closer or further apart. The driving unit 31 is used to connect with the movable seats 35. The number of lifting rods 36 is two, and they correspond one-to-one with the two movable seats 35. One end of the lifting rod 36 is hinged to the movable seat 35, and the other end extends in a direction away from the movable seat 35. The mounting plates 37 are installed on the two movable seats 35. The other end of each lifting rod 36 and the lower end of the mounting plate 37 are provided with two rotating parts respectively hinged to the other ends of the two lifting rods 36; the container 6 is used to be mounted on the mounting plate 37; the accommodating chamber 2 is provided with two limiting members 22 respectively corresponding to the first working position 33 and the second working position 34, the limiting members 22 are connected to the movable seat 35, and are used to limit the position of the movable seat 35; the movable seat 35 and the lifting rod 36 are arranged in pairs and symmetrically, the two movable seats 35 have the freedom to move closer or further apart, and the lower ends of the two lifting rods 36 are hinged to the corresponding movable seats 35, the mounting plate 37 is mounted on the upper end of the two lifting rods 36 and is hinged to both lifting rods 36. Therefore, when the two movable seats 35 are driven to move closer together, the two lifting rods 36 change to a vertical state, thereby driving the mounting plate 37 to move upward until the upper end surface of the mounting plate 37 is flush with the first bearing surface 11, at which time the entire bearing part 32 is located in the first working position 33. When the two movable seats 35 move away from each other, the two lifting rods 36 change to a horizontal position, thereby driving the mounting plate 37 to move downward. The lifting rods 36 fully enter the receiving chamber 2 until the upper surface of the mounting plate 37 is flush with the second bearing surface 12. At this time, the entire bearing part 32 is located in the second working position 34. During the movement of the bearing part 32, the mounting plate 37 is kept horizontal. When the movable seats 35 move to the first working position 33 and the second working position 34, the limiting member 22 is used to fix the movable seats 35 to the bottom surface of the receiving chamber 2. Specifically, four first limiting holes are provided on the bottom surface of the receiving chamber 2. The four first limiting holes correspond to the first working position 33 and the second working position 34 of the two movable seats 35, respectively. The movable seats 35 are provided with second limiting holes corresponding to the first limiting holes, and the limiting member 22 passes through the second limiting hole and connects to the first limiting hole.

[0054] Please see Figures 5 to 7As a specific embodiment of the railway flatcar for transporting containers provided by the present invention, the drive unit 31 includes a rack and a handle, the movable seat 35 is a gear meshing with the rack, and the handle is drivenly connected to the gear; one end of the lifting rod 36 is hinged to the gear; that is, the handle and the gear are fitted together using a key and a keyway. By rotating the handle, the gear is driven to rotate on the rack, which in turn drives the lifting rod 36 to move upward or downward, thereby making the mounting plate 37 correspond to the first bearing surface 11 or the second bearing surface 12.

[0055] Please see Figures 1 to 7 In a specific embodiment of the railway flatcar for transporting containers provided by the present invention, the movable seat 35 is a slider, and the driving unit 31 includes a slide rail and a linear actuator. The movable seat 35 is slidably connected to the slide rail, and the linear actuator is connected to the movable seat 35. One end of the lifting rod 36 is hinged to the movable seat 35. Activating the linear actuator pushes the movable seat 35 to move along the slide rail, thereby causing the lifting rod 36 to move upwards or downwards, thus aligning the mounting plate 37 with the first bearing surface 11 or the second bearing surface 12. The linear actuator can be an electric push rod, a cylinder, etc.

[0056] Please see Figures 5 to 7 As a specific embodiment of the railway flatcar for transporting containers provided by the present invention, the bearing part 32 further includes a tension spring 5 and hooks 51 installed at both ends of the tension spring 5. Each of the two lifting rods 36 is provided with a connecting shaft 38, and the two hooks 51 are rotatably connected to the two connecting shafts 38 respectively. The tension spring 5 is configured to pull the two lifting rods 36 and maintain them in a vertical state, making the movement of the lifting mechanism 3 smoother and more stable. Connecting shafts 38 are installed on the outer sides of both lifting rods 36, and the hooks 51 at both ends of the tension spring 5 are respectively connected to the two connecting shafts 38.

[0057] Please see Figures 1 to 3 The present invention also provides a method for loading a railway flatcar for transporting containers. The method includes any one of the above-described railway flatcars for transporting containers, and further includes:

[0058] When loading the first-specification container 6, the lifting mechanism 3 is activated to move downward and enter the receiving chamber 2, so that the bearing part 32 is located in the second working position 34, the bearing part 32 is flush with the second bearing surface 12, and the first-specification container 6 is installed on the second bearing surface 12.

[0059] When loading two containers of the first specification 6, the lifting mechanism 3 is activated to move upward and pass through the receiving chamber 2, so that the bearing part 32 is located in the first working position 33. The bearing part 32 is flush with the two first bearing surfaces 11. The two containers of the first specification 6 are installed on the first bearing surfaces 11 and the bearing part 32. One end of the two containers of the first specification 6 is supported on the two first bearing surfaces 11 respectively, and the other end is supported on the bearing part 32 at the same time.

[0060] When loading the second-specification container 6, which is larger than the first-specification container 6, the lifting mechanism 3 is activated to move downward and enter the receiving chamber 2, so that the bearing part 32 is located in the second working position 34, and the bearing part 32 is flush with the second bearing surface 12, and the second-specification container 6 is installed on the two first bearing surfaces 11.

[0061] The loading method of the railway flatcar for transporting containers provided by the present invention adopts the above-mentioned railway flatcar for transporting containers. Therefore, when loading a first-specification container 6, the bearing part 32 is set at the second working position 34, and the first-specification container 6 is placed separately on the second bearing surface 12. Under this installation method, the container 6 is relatively low and has strong passability. The second-specification container 6 is installed on two first bearing surfaces 11, and the two first-specification containers 6 are supported together on the two first bearing surfaces 11 and the bearing part 32, which improves the overall transport capacity of the railway flatcar.

[0062] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A railway flatcar for transporting containers, characterized in that, include: The flatcar body has two first bearing surfaces and a second bearing surface located between the two first bearing surfaces, the second bearing surface being lower than the first bearing surfaces; A receiving chamber is formed on the flatcar body and located below the second bearing surface; the second bearing surface is provided with a communication port that communicates with the receiving chamber; A lifting mechanism is installed in the accommodating cavity; the lifting mechanism includes a drive unit and a support unit connected to the drive unit, the drive unit drives the support unit to move vertically and pass through the communication opening, the support unit has a first working position flush with the first support surface and a second working position flush with the second support surface; the container is used to be installed on the support unit; There are two load-bearing units, symmetrically installed in the receiving chamber. Each load-bearing unit includes a movable seat, a lifting rod, and a mounting plate. There are two movable seats, both installed in the receiving chamber. The movable seats are spaced apart and opposite to each other, and each movable seat has the freedom to move closer or further apart. A drive unit is used to connect to the movable seats. There are two lifting rods, each corresponding to one of the two movable seats. One end of each lifting rod is hinged to a movable seat, and the other end extends in a direction away from the movable seat. The mounting plate is installed on the other end of the two lifting rods, and the lower end of the mounting plate has two rotating parts that are respectively hinged to the other end of the two lifting rods. A container is used to install on the mounting plate. The receiving chamber has two rotating parts that are respectively hinged to the first... The first and second working positions are corresponding limiting components, which are connected to the movable seat to limit the position of the movable seat. The drive unit includes a rack and a handle. The movable seat is a gear meshing with the rack, and the handle is driven by the gear. One end of the lifting rod is hinged to the gear. The bearing unit also includes a tension spring and hooks installed at both ends of the tension spring. Both lifting rods are provided with connecting shafts, and the two hooks are rotatably connected to the two connecting shafts respectively. The tension spring has the function of pulling the two lifting rods and keeping them in a vertical state, making the movement of the lifting mechanism smoother and more stable. Connecting shafts are installed on the outside of both lifting rods, and the hooks at both ends of the tension spring are connected to the two connecting shafts respectively.

2. The railway flatcar for transporting containers as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the two first bearing surfaces is provided with a first container locking device at the end away from the second bearing surface, and each of the two ends of the second bearing surface is provided with a second container locking device. The bearing part is provided with two third container locking devices, each corresponding to one of the two first container locking devices. The distance between the third container locking device and the corresponding first container locking device is equal to the distance between the two second container locking devices.

3. The railway flatcar for transporting containers as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The first container locking device and the second container locking device are each in number four, and are arranged in a rectangular array on the first bearing surface and the second bearing surface, respectively; the third container locking device is also in number four, and is installed in pairs on both sides of the bearing part.

4. The railway flatcar for transporting containers as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The flatcar body includes a central beam, two side beams, and several crossbeams. The two side beams are respectively installed on both sides of the central beam and are arranged parallel to and spaced apart from the central beam. The length direction of the crossbeams is perpendicular to the length direction of the central beam, and the crossbeams are fixedly connected to the central beam and the two side beams. The central beam, the side beams, and the crossbeams are all box-shaped structures. The box-shaped structure includes a fixedly connected upper cover plate, a lower cover plate, two web plates, and several partitions installed inside the box-shaped structure.

5. The railway flatcar for transporting containers as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The railway flatcar for transporting containers also includes a coupler, bogie, and brake installed on the flatcar body.

6. The railway flatcar for transporting containers as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The movable seat is a slider, the driving part includes a slide rail and a linear driver, the movable seat is slidably connected to the slide rail, and the linear driver is connected to the movable seat; one end of the lifting rod is hinged to the movable seat.

7. A method for loading railway flatcars used for transporting containers, characterized in that, Including the railway flatcar for transporting containers as described in any one of claims 1-6, further comprising: When loading a container of the first specification, the lifting mechanism is activated to move downward and enter the receiving chamber, so that the bearing part is located in the second working position, the bearing part is flush with the second bearing surface, and the container of the first specification is installed on the second bearing surface; When loading two containers of the first specification, the lifting mechanism is activated to move upward and pass through the receiving chamber, so that the bearing part is located in the first working position. The bearing part is flush with the two first bearing surfaces. The two containers of the first specification are installed on the first bearing surfaces and the bearing part. One end of the two containers of the first specification is supported on the two first bearing surfaces respectively, and the other end is supported on the bearing part. When loading a container of the second specification, which is larger than the container of the first specification, the lifting mechanism is activated to move downward and enter the receiving chamber, so that the bearing part is located in the second working position, and the bearing part is flush with the second bearing surface, and the container of the second specification is installed on the two first bearing surfaces.

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