Anti-climb energy-absorbing devices and rail vehicles
By employing a combination design of a bulging seat and a planing blade in the anti-climb energy absorption device, the problems of complex assembly process and high operating costs are solved, achieving efficient energy absorption and low-cost operation.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CRRC TANGSHAN CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-20
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-26
Smart Images
Figure CN118907169B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to vehicle collision energy absorption technology, and more particularly to an anti-climb energy absorption device and a rail vehicle. Background Technology
[0002] Rail passenger vehicles operate at high speeds and carry large numbers of passengers, requiring excellent crashworthiness. Typically, an anti-climb energy-absorbing device is installed at the front of the driver's cab. This device dissipates collision kinetic energy through plastic deformation during a frontal collision, effectively reducing the impact load on the vehicle body and minimizing casualties and property damage.
[0003] There are several types of energy absorption devices for anti-climbing energy absorption. Some use a cutting tool to plan the energy-absorbing tube to absorb energy, some tear the energy-absorbing tube to absorb energy, and some combine planing and tearing. For example, one design sets up a bulging structure inside the energy-absorbing tube to absorb energy during a fault, and a planing tool is also set on the end face of the bulging structure to cut and absorb energy while the tube is expanding.
[0004] However, in the above solution, the insertion of the bulging structure into the energy-absorbing tube requires extremely high assembly standards. The cutting tool must be inserted into the energy-absorbing tube and installed correctly, and it must not pre-cut the tube during insertion, resulting in a low yield. Furthermore, inspection or maintenance is impossible after installation, making it impossible to detect issues such as tool misalignment; replacement is the only option. High replacement frequency increases operating costs, while low replacement frequency could lead to major accidents due to energy absorption failure. Summary of the Invention
[0005] To address one of the aforementioned technical deficiencies, this application provides an anti-climbing energy-absorbing device and a rail vehicle.
[0006] According to a first aspect of the embodiments of this application, an anti-climb energy-absorbing device is provided, comprising:
[0007] Mounting base; the mounting base has an installation space inside;
[0008] A bulging seat is installed within the installation space; the front end of the bulging seat has an arc-shaped bulging surface.
[0009] An energy-absorbing tube is inserted into the mounting base from the front end and covers the outside of the bulging seat; the outer circumference of the rear end of the energy-absorbing tube is provided with a mounting groove extending along the length of the energy-absorbing tube, and the mounting groove extends forward from the rear end of the energy-absorbing tube to a preset cut-off position.
[0010] A planing cutter is disposed on the front surface of the mounting base, and the planing edge of the planing cutter is inserted into the mounting slot and located at the preset cut-off position of the mounting slot.
[0011] According to a second aspect of the embodiments of this application, a rail vehicle is provided, including the above-described anti-climb energy-absorbing device.
[0012] The technical solution provided in this application embodiment employs a bulging seat disposed within the mounting space of a mounting base, with an arc-shaped bulging surface at the front end of the bulging seat. An energy-absorbing tube is inserted into the mounting base from the front end, with its rear end located at the front end of the arc-shaped bulging surface. An installation groove extending along the length of the energy-absorbing tube is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the rear end of the tube, extending forward from the rear end to a preset cutoff position. A planing blade is disposed on the front surface of the mounting base, with its cutting edge inserted into the installation groove and located at the preset cutoff position. Impact energy is absorbed through both tearing and cutting methods by the energy-absorbing tube, significantly improving the energy absorption effect. Furthermore, the planing blade is located on the periphery of the energy-absorbing tube, allowing for installation of the tube first, followed by the planing blade, reducing the difficulty of the energy-absorbing tube assembly process. Moreover, the planing blade is not installed during the energy-absorbing tube installation process, preventing premature scratching of the tube by the planing blade and improving the reliability of the energy-absorbing tube. Furthermore, this design facilitates the observation and maintenance of the planing blades. During vehicle operation, it allows for easy detection of blade loss or damage, enabling timely replacement and ensuring the energy-absorbing tubes can reliably absorb energy in the event of a collision. The ability to replace blades as needed also reduces waste, thereby lowering operating costs. Attached Figure Description
[0013] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of this application and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings:
[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the anti-climb energy-absorbing device provided in the embodiments of this application;
[0015] Figure 2 An exploded view of the anti-climb energy-absorbing device provided in the embodiments of this application;
[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the anti-climb energy-absorbing device provided in the embodiments of this application, showing its structure during collision energy absorption.
[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mounting base in the anti-climb energy-absorbing device provided in the embodiments of this application;
[0018] Figure 5 This is a side view of the mounting base in the anti-climb energy-absorbing device provided in the embodiments of this application;
[0019] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the planing blade in the anti-climb energy-absorbing device provided in the embodiments of this application;
[0020] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the planing blade in the anti-climb energy-absorbing device provided in the embodiments of this application from another angle;
[0021] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the energy-absorbing tube in the anti-climb energy-absorbing device provided in the embodiments of this application;
[0022] Figure 9 A cross-sectional view of the energy-absorbing tube in the anti-climb energy-absorbing device provided in the embodiments of this application;
[0023] Figure 10 for Figure 9 A magnified view of area A in the middle.
[0024] Figure label:
[0025] 1-Mounting base; 11-Base plate; 12-Top plate; 121-Through hole; 13-Support component;
[0026] 2-Inflatable seat;
[0027] 3-Energy-absorbing tube; 31-Mounting groove; 32-Deep groove;
[0028] 4-Planing cutter;
[0029] 5-Anti-climb teeth;
[0030] 6-Edge edge; 61-Blade section. Detailed Implementation
[0031] To make the technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the exemplary embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not an exhaustive list of all embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other.
[0032] This embodiment provides an anti-climb energy-absorbing device that can be used on rail vehicles to absorb impact energy when a frontal collision occurs at the front of the vehicle.
[0033] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the anti-climb energy-absorbing device provided in this embodiment includes: a mounting base 1, a bulging seat 2, an energy-absorbing tube 3, and a planing blade 4. The mounting base 1 is used for installation onto the front end of the vehicle body of the driver's cab. The mounting base 1 has an installation space, and the bulging seat 2 is disposed within the installation space. The front end of the bulging seat 2 has an arc-shaped bulging surface, which can guide the energy-absorbing tube 3 in the event of a failure tear.
[0034] The energy-absorbing tube 3 extends along the length of the vehicle, is inserted into the mounting base 1 from the front end, and covers the outside of the bulge seat 2. The energy-absorbing tube 3 and the bulge seat 2 are interference-fitted. When the front of the vehicle collides, the energy-absorbing tube 3 moves rearward, and the bulge seat 2 applies a radial bulging force to the energy-absorbing tube 3, causing it to tear and absorb energy. The energy-absorbing tube 3 is made of metal and has a certain rigidity and strength, achieving energy absorption through orderly destruction.
[0035] The outer peripheral surface of the rear end of the energy-absorbing tube 3 is provided with a mounting groove 31 extending along the length of the energy-absorbing tube 3. The mounting groove 31 extends forward from the rear end of the energy-absorbing tube 3 to a preset cutoff position.
[0036] The planing blade 4 is disposed on the front end surface of the mounting base 1, and the planing edge of the planing blade 4 is inserted into the mounting groove 31 and located at the preset cut-off position of the mounting groove 31. The planing blade 4 can be welded or bolted to the front end surface of the mounting base 1.
[0037] During the installation of the aforementioned anti-climb energy-absorbing device, the energy-absorbing tube 2 is first inserted into the mounting base 1 and assembled with the bulging seat 2. The preset cut-off position of the mounting groove 31 on the energy-absorbing tube 2 corresponds to the position where the planing blade 4 needs to be installed. Then, the planing blade 4 is installed on the front surface of the mounting base 1. The planing edge of the planing blade 4 is inserted into the mounting groove 31 and located at the end of the mounting groove 31, which is the preset cut-off position.
[0038] Furthermore, the front end of the energy-absorbing pipe 3 is also equipped with anti-climb teeth 5. The anti-climb teeth 5 at the front ends of adjacent vehicles contact and mesh with each other, which can prevent crushing between vehicles, so that the impact force between vehicles is a positive impact, and the impact energy is absorbed by the anti-climb energy-absorbing device to protect the occupants in the driver's cab. The anti-climb teeth 5 are welded to the energy-absorbing pipe 3.
[0039] When a frontal collision occurs, the anti-climb teeth 5 of the adjacent vehicles first contact and mesh together to achieve the anti-climb function. The two vehicles exert a thrust along the length of the energy-absorbing tube 3, causing the energy-absorbing tube 3 to move backward. On one hand, during the backward movement of the energy-absorbing tube 3, the planer 4 cuts the outer surface of the energy-absorbing tube 3, converting the collision energy into cutting internal energy through the cutting action, thus absorbing the impact energy. On the other hand, the bulging seat 2 applies a bulging effect to the energy-absorbing tube 3, causing the energy-absorbing tube 3 to tear, converting the impact energy into tearing internal energy through the tearing process, further absorbing the impact energy.
[0040] The technical solution provided in this embodiment employs a bulging seat disposed within the mounting space of a mounting base, with an arc-shaped bulging surface at the front end of the bulging seat. An energy-absorbing tube is inserted into the mounting base from the front end, with its rear end located at the front end of the arc-shaped bulging surface. An installation groove extending along the length of the energy-absorbing tube is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the rear end of the tube, extending forward from the rear end to a preset cutoff position. A planing blade is disposed on the front surface of the mounting base, with its cutting edge inserted into the installation groove and located at the preset cutoff position. By absorbing impact energy through both tearing and cutting of the energy-absorbing tube, the energy absorption effect is significantly improved. Furthermore, the planing blade is located on the periphery of the energy-absorbing tube, allowing for installation of the tube first, followed by the planing blade, reducing the difficulty of the energy-absorbing tube assembly process. Additionally, the planing blade is not installed during the energy-absorbing tube installation process, preventing premature scratching of the tube and improving its reliability. Furthermore, this design facilitates the observation and maintenance of the planing blades. During vehicle operation, it allows for easy detection of blade loss or damage, enabling timely replacement and ensuring the energy-absorbing tubes can reliably absorb energy in the event of a collision. The ability to replace blades as needed also reduces waste, thereby lowering operating costs.
[0041] Based on the above technical solution, a vertical blade 6 is also provided on the side of the planer 4 facing the energy-absorbing tube 3 to cut the energy-absorbing tube 3 to form a tearing groove, so that the energy-absorbing tube 3 is torn along the tearing groove.
[0042] Traditional energy absorption methods utilizing bulging and tearing require pre-cutting tear grooves in the energy-absorbing tube. This allows the tube to tear along these grooves, preventing the tube from deforming and affecting absorption efficiency. However, pre-cutting tear grooves can compromise the tube's strength, making it prone to deformation and tearing during transport and installation. This necessitates tube replacement, leading to material waste and increased operating costs. Furthermore, pre-cutting the tear grooves requires a separate process using a dedicated machine tool, extending the production cycle and increasing overall production costs.
[0043] The technical solution adopted in this application does not require pre-cutting tear grooves on the energy-absorbing tube, thereby reducing processes, shortening the production cycle, and lowering production costs. During the collision, the vertical blade 6 first cuts the energy-absorbing tube 3 to form a tear groove, and then the bulging seat 2 causes the energy-absorbing tube 3 to tear along the tear groove, achieving a better energy absorption effect.
[0044] like Figures 3 to 4 As shown, the mounting base 1 includes a base plate 11, a top plate 12, and a support member 13. The base plate 11 and the top plate 12 are positioned opposite each other, and the support member 13 connects the top plate 12 and the base plate 11. The top plate 12, the base plate 11, and the support member 13 form an mounting space. A planing blade 4 is disposed on the surface of the top plate 12 facing away from the base plate 11.
[0045] The top plate 12 is provided with a through hole 121 through which the energy-absorbing tube 3 passes. The planer 4 is located at the edge of the through hole 121, and the projection of the planing edge in the planer 4 onto the top plate 12 is located inside the through hole 121.
[0046] One implementation involves four planing blades 4, evenly distributed around the periphery of the energy-absorbing tube 3. Alternatively, the number of planing blades 4 can be two, three, five, six, or more, evenly distributed around the periphery of the energy-absorbing tube 3.
[0047] One specific implementation method: such as Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the planer 4 has a mounting base 41, a cutting surface 42, two first side surfaces 43, a long side surface 44, and a short side surface 45. The cutting surface 42 is positioned opposite the mounting base 41, forming an acute angle between them. The long side surface 44 and the short side surface 45 are parallel and located between the cutting surface 42 and the mounting base 41. The two first side surfaces 43 are parallel and located between the cutting surface 42 and the mounting base 41, and also connect with the long side surface 44 and the short side surface 45.
[0048] The mounting base 41 is used to fix it to the front end surface of the mounting base 1. The connecting edge of the cutting surface 42 and the long side surface 44 serves as a planing edge for planing the energy-absorbing tube 3. The vertical blade 6 protrudes from the long side surface 44, and the extension direction of the vertical blade 6 is perpendicular to the mounting base 41.
[0049] Specifically, the vertical blade 6 extends along the length of the energy-absorbing tube 3, and the cross-section of the vertical blade 6 is rectangular. The front end of the vertical blade 6 is provided with a cutting edge 61, which protrudes from the front end of the vertical blade 6.
[0050] The blade 61 has a pointed structure, such as a four-sided pyramid, and the top of the pyramid is used to contact the energy-absorbing tube 3 for cutting.
[0051] like Figures 8 to 10 As shown, the bottom surface of the mounting groove 31 is recessed inward to form a deep groove 32 for accommodating the vertical cutting edge 6. In one embodiment, the mounting groove 31 has a rectangular cross-section. A deep groove 32 is formed by a downward recess in the center of the bottom surface of the mounting groove 31. The cross-section of the deep groove 32 is pointed, with the pointed end pointing towards the centerline of the energy-absorbing tube 3. A planing tool 4 is inserted into the mounting groove 31, and the vertical cutting edge 6 is inserted into the deep groove 32. The energy-absorbing tube 3 is cut within the deep groove 32 to form a tearing groove.
[0052] In the above scheme, two energy absorption methods, namely cutting and tearing, are designed on an energy-absorbing tube 3. This makes full use of the structural space and, under the condition of a certain energy absorption, can effectively shorten the length of the anti-climb energy-absorbing structure and reduce the volume of the energy-absorbing device.
[0053] Furthermore, the external planer 4 is easy to install, easy to adjust and maintain, has lower requirements for assembly process, high yield, and reduces manufacturing costs.
[0054] Based on the above technical solutions, this embodiment also provides a rail vehicle including the anti-climb energy-absorbing device provided in any of the above-mentioned embodiments. The rail vehicle provided in this embodiment has the same technical effects as the aforementioned anti-climb energy-absorbing device.
[0055] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.
[0056] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.
[0057] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication between two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.
[0058] Although preferred embodiments of this application have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of this application.
[0059] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Therefore, if such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application also intends to include such modifications and variations.
Claims
1. A crawl prevention energy absorbing device, characterized by include: Mounting base; the mounting base has an installation space inside; A bulging seat is installed within the installation space; the front end of the bulging seat has an arc-shaped bulging surface. An energy-absorbing tube is inserted into the mounting base from the front end and covers the outside of the bulging seat; the outer circumference of the rear end of the energy-absorbing tube is provided with a mounting groove extending along the length of the energy-absorbing tube, and the mounting groove extends forward from the rear end of the energy-absorbing tube to a preset cut-off position. A planing cutter is disposed on the front end surface of the mounting base, and the planing edge of the planing cutter is inserted into the mounting slot and located at the preset cut-off position of the mounting slot. The planing blade has a vertical blade protruding towards the side of the energy-absorbing tube, which is used to cut the energy-absorbing tube to form a tearing groove, so that the energy-absorbing tube is torn along the tearing groove. The vertical blade extends along the length of the energy-absorbing tube, and the cross-section of the vertical blade is rectangular; the front end of the vertical blade is provided with a blade portion that protrudes from the front end of the vertical blade. The planer has a mounting base, a cutting surface, two first side surfaces, a long side surface, and a short side surface; The cutting surface and the mounting base are positioned opposite each other, forming an acute angle between them; the long side and the short side are arranged in parallel and located between the cutting surface and the mounting base; the two first side surfaces are arranged in parallel and located between the cutting surface and the mounting base, and also connect with the long side and the short side. The mounting base is used to fix the device to the front surface of the mounting base; the connecting edge between the cutting surface and the long side is used as a planing blade to plan the energy-absorbing tube; the vertical blade protrudes from the long side and its extension direction is perpendicular to the mounting base.
2. Anti -creep energy absorption device according to claim 1, characterized in that The cutting edge is a square pyramid shape, and the top of the pyramid is used to contact the energy-absorbing tube for cutting.
3. The anti-climb energy-absorbing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the mounting groove is recessed inward to form a deep groove for accommodating the vertical blade.
4. The anti-climb energy-absorbing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are four planing blades, which are evenly distributed around the energy-absorbing tube.
5. The anti-climb energy-absorbing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting base includes: a base plate, a top plate, and a support member; the base plate and the top plate are arranged opposite to each other, the support member is connected between the top plate and the base plate, and the top plate, the base plate, and the support member form an installation space; a planing blade is disposed on the surface of the top plate away from the base plate.
6. The anti-climb energy-absorbing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The top plate is provided with a through hole for the energy-absorbing tube to pass through, the planing blade is located at the edge of the through hole, and the projection of the planing edge of the planing blade on the top plate is located inside the through hole.
7. A rail vehicle, characterized in that, include: The anti-climb energy-absorbing device as described in any one of claims 1-6.