A device and method for realizing a sustained bioelectronic conduction interface

Abstract

A device and method for realizing a continuous bio-electronic conduction interface, which relates to a device and method for realizing a bio-electronic conduction interface, and is intended to solve the technical problems of low organic matter utilization, slow electron generation speed, and poor stability in the existing method of generating electricity using residual sludge. The device includes a plurality of reaction units with the same structure arranged from high to low and connected in sequence, an external circuit resistor, and a nitrogen bottle; the capacitive anodes of each reaction unit are connected in parallel and then connected to the parallel cathodes of each reaction unit through an external circuit resistor; the nitrogen bottle is connected to each reaction unit. Method: Residual sludge is added to each reaction unit and cultured until it is stable; then the residual sludge is continuously added to the device, and relies on gravity to flow through each reaction unit from high to low to complete the treatment. The maximum current density generated when the electrodes in the main reaction chamber of this device are discharged is 81.41A / m 3 It is 3 to 4 times that of the intermittent system with ordinary carbon brushes as electrodes and can be used in the field of sludge treatment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the fields of bioelectrochemical technology and green electricity technology, and specifically relates to a device and method for realizing a sustained bioelectronic conduction interface. Background Art

[0002] Research on advanced energy conversion technologies that use clean energy (such as waste biomass) as recyclable resources has received extensive research and attention, and is of great significance for improving environmental sustainability, reducing ecological risks, and promoting the use of green energy.

[0003] In recent years, the amount of domestic sewage treatment has increased significantly, and the sludge production has also increased accordingly. The remaining sludge can be used as green biomass because it contains rich organic matter. Through anaerobic digestion, incineration, pyrolysis, gasification and microbial fuel cell integrated processes, the maximum degree of resource recovery can be achieved. Among them, by constructing an electrogenic biofilm to enrich electrogenic bacteria, the organic matter in the sludge can be used to generate electricity, and the entire reaction can be operated efficiently under relatively mild conditions.

[0004] Due to the complex structure of excess sludge, electrogenic biofilms exhibit low performance in hydrolyzing sludge solids (such as flocs, EPS, and recalcitrant compounds). Improving energy conversion efficiency and promoting electron generation is a challenge that needs to be addressed. Excess sludge treatment typically utilizes mechanical, chemical, thermal, biological, and hybrid pretreatment methods to reduce biomass particle size, improve mass transfer capacity and biomass degradation efficiency, decompose the sludge, and disrupt sludge flocs. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) utilize generated free radicals to rupture microbial cell membranes, leading to cell wall breakdown and release of both extracellular and intracellular components into the aqueous phase. Extracellular polymers and some macromolecular organic matter are degraded and converted into soluble organic matter. However, these processes generally require additional energy input and separate reaction equipment, making in situ utilization unsuitable. Furthermore, the internal resistance of interfacial electron transfer is high, resulting in energy losses. Existing technologies for generating electricity from complex waste organic matter suffer from low organic matter utilization, slow electron generation, and poor stability. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a sustainable and stable interfacial electron transfer system that can achieve efficient energy conversion and rapid electron transfer to enhance resource utilization. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention aims to address the technical issues of low organic matter utilization, slow electron generation, and poor stability in existing methods of generating electricity from excess sludge. By providing a device and method for achieving a sustained bio-electron conduction interface, the present invention constructs a device and interface for achieving sustained bio-electron conduction. This device and interface utilizes gravity-driven continuous flow in an internal self-circulating mode to provide easily degradable reaction substrates for electrogenic microorganisms. This interaction, in conjunction with low-resistance capacitive electrodes, ensures stable and rapid electron transfer, achieving more efficient energy conversion.

[0006] The device for realizing a sustained bioelectronic conduction interface of the present invention comprises a plurality of reaction units of the same structure, an external circuit resistor 7, and a nitrogen cylinder 8; wherein the plurality of reaction units of the same structure are arranged from high to low; the reaction unit comprises a main reaction chamber 1, a pre-reaction chamber 2, and a buffer chamber 3; the main reaction chamber 1 and the pre-reaction chamber 2 are separated by a proton exchange membrane 4 to ensure smooth proton transfer and prevent oxygen diffusion; a capacitive anode 5 is arranged in the main reaction chamber 1, and an iron-loaded cathode 6 is arranged in the pre-reaction chamber 2; an inlet is arranged on the top of the main reaction chamber 1. A mud inlet 1-1 is provided below the proton exchange membrane 4, and a connecting pipe 1-2 with a valve is provided. The material in the main reaction chamber 1 can flow into the pre-reaction chamber 2 through the connecting pipe 1-2. The buffer chamber 3 is located below the main reaction chamber 1 and the pre-reaction chamber 2. A flow hole 2-1 with a valve is provided between the pre-reaction chamber 2 and the buffer chamber 3. A first air vent 2-2 is provided on the side wall of the pre-reaction chamber 2. A mud outlet 3-1 with a valve is provided at the bottom of the buffer chamber 3. A second air vent 3-2 and an air inlet pipe 3-3 are provided on the side wall of the buffer chamber 3.

[0007] The mud outlet 3-1 of the reaction unit located at the upper position is connected to the mud inlet 1-1 of the reaction unit adjacent thereto, and a valve is provided at the connection;

[0008] Lead wires are drawn from the capacitive anode 5 of each reaction unit and connected in parallel to the parallel wires drawn from the iron-coated cathode 6 of each reaction unit through the external circuit resistor 7;

[0009] The nitrogen bottle 8 is connected to the air inlet pipe 3-3 of each reaction unit.

[0010] Furthermore, the device for realizing a sustained bioelectronic conduction interface includes 3 to 5 reaction units with the same structure.

[0011] Furthermore, the capacitive anode 5 is a polyaniline-manganese dioxide electrode. The capacitive anode 5 is loaded with polyaniline and manganese dioxide on the surface of the carbon fiber brush by electrodeposition and in-situ chemical polymerization, so that the polyaniline and manganese dioxide produce a conjugated interaction, thereby forming a biocapacitive surface that is conducive to microbial attachment.

[0012] Furthermore, the iron-loaded cathode 6 is formed by ferrite being loaded on the surface of a carbon fiber brush.

[0013] Furthermore, the resistance of the external circuit resistor 7 is 50-100 ohms.

[0014] The method for treating excess sludge using the above-mentioned device for realizing a sustained bio-electron conduction interface is carried out in the following steps:

[0015] 1. Startup phase: Close the valve of the connecting pipe 1-2 between the main reaction chamber 1 and the pre-reaction chamber 2 of each reaction unit, and close the valve of the flow hole 2-1 between the pre-reaction chamber 2 and the buffer chamber 3 of each reaction unit; add the residual sludge into the main reaction chamber 1 of each reaction unit, add the electron acceptor solution into the pre-reaction chamber 2 of each reaction unit, maintain the anaerobic state of each main reaction chamber 1, and regularly replace the electron acceptor solution in each pre-reaction chamber 2. Cultivate until the voltage of the entire system no longer increases and remains stable, completing the startup; after the startup is completed, the main reaction chamber of each reaction unit is enriched with electrogenic bacteria;

[0016] 2. Operation phase: open the valve of the connecting pipe 1-2 between the main reaction chamber 1 and the pre-reaction chamber 2 of each reaction unit, open the valve of the flow hole 2-1 between the pre-reaction chamber 2 and the buffer chamber 3 of each reaction unit, and open the valves at the connection between each reaction unit; then add the residual sludge to be treated continuously from the mud inlet 1-1 of the highest reaction unit, and the residual sludge flows by gravity from the main reaction chamber 1 of the highest reaction unit to the pre-reaction chamber 2, then into the buffer chamber 3, and then into the next reaction unit, until it reaches the lowest reaction unit. The sludge is discharged from the sludge outlet 3-1 of the unit; while the residual sludge is connected to flow, the first vent 2-2 of the pre-reaction chamber 2 is kept in communication with the atmosphere or exposed to air to ensure that the pre-reaction chamber is adequately supplied with oxygen, so that the pre-reaction can achieve the purpose of degrading part of the residual sludge cells; at the same time, the nitrogen in the nitrogen bottle 8 is input into the buffer chamber 3 through the air inlet pipe 3-3 to discharge the dissolved oxygen in the residual sludge and ensure the anaerobic environment of the main reaction zone; the residence time of the residual sludge in the device is controlled to be 5 to 8 days to complete the treatment of the residual sludge.

[0017] Furthermore, the excess sludge described in step 1 is obtained by taking the sludge from the secondary sedimentation tank of the sewage treatment plant, leaving it to stand for 4 hours, and removing the supernatant to obtain substrate sludge, namely the excess sludge.

[0018] Furthermore, the electron acceptor solution in step 1 is prepared by adding potassium ferrocyanide and potassium dihydrogen phosphate into water and mixing them, wherein the concentration of potassium ferrocyanide is 16-17 g / L, and the concentration of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 13-14 g / L.

[0019] Furthermore, the culturing in step 1 until the voltage of the entire system no longer rises and remains stable means culturing until the voltage of the entire system reaches 0.7-0.8 V, and within the next 2-3 days, the voltage remains between 0.7-0.8 V and no longer rises, reaching a stable state.

[0020] The reaction device of the present invention consists of reaction layers of varying heights, each of which is divided into a main reaction chamber, a pre-reaction chamber, and a buffer chamber. The main reaction chamber in each reaction layer is used to enrich electrogenic microorganisms to generate electrons. The pre-reaction chamber partially degrades excess sludge, which serves as an organic substrate for the next main reaction chamber. The buffer chamber, located between the different reaction layers, removes oxygen from the sludge to ensure an anaerobic environment in the main reaction zone. Each main reaction chamber is a closed chamber, separated by a proton exchange membrane to ensure smooth proton transfer and prevent oxygen diffusion. A connecting pipe with a valve is located below the proton exchange membrane. Electrodes are inserted into the main and pre-reaction chambers, respectively. A wire connects the electrodes to a variable resistor box, forming a pathway that ensures smooth electron transfer. The different reaction layers are connected in parallel to increase overall current output. The connecting pipe between the upper main reaction chamber and the pre-reaction chamber is controlled by a connecting valve and a flowmeter to control the on / off and flow rate. The pre-reaction chamber is equipped with an aeration port, and the buffer chamber is equipped with a vent pipe.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the device and method for realizing a sustained bioelectronic conduction interface of the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0022] (1) The present invention utilizes gravity to achieve continuous circulation of substrates in reaction layers of different heights. The remaining sludge completes the internal circulation path from the main reaction chamber → pre-reaction chamber → buffer chamber → the next-level main reaction chamber, stably providing organic substrates for the electricity-producing microorganisms in the main reaction chamber, ensuring a continuous source of electron supply for the bio-electron conduction interface, and simultaneously outputting stable electrical energy for the pre-reaction chamber. Due to the oxygen supply from the aeration port, the bio-electric Fenton reaction in the pre-reaction chamber destroys part of the sludge cell structure, and some difficult-to-degrade macromolecular organic matter is decomposed and released into soluble organic matter, which is more easily degraded by microorganisms, thus having the characteristic of rapidly generating electrons. The reaction chambers at different levels are uniformly connected in parallel, realizing the integration of multiple electron conduction interfaces and improving the intensity of the overall output current.

[0023] (2) The main reaction chamber forms a capacitive biointerface with rapid electron transfer capability. The polymer electrode material and the electrogenic microorganisms together constitute a chemical-biological interaction interface system, which, as an electron conduction interface with a certain potential gradient, has the ability to conduct electrons stably and rapidly. In the electrode containing polyaniline (PANI) and manganese dioxide, the formation of Mn-N coordination bonds causes a conjugated interaction between the polyaniline polymer chain and the manganese ion, resulting in a low electron density on the main chain; and the substitution of O ions and the anions in the PANI chain forms conductive holes. The electrode material has enhanced hydrophilic properties due to the presence of hydrophilic groups such as carboxyl and sulfonic acid groups on the carbon brush surface; the rough specific surface area provides more attachment sites for this interface, which has a more suitable survival and adhesion environment. Therefore, the continuously supplied electron-rich and easily degradable organic substrate, the highly active biofilm and the low internal resistance electrode together constitute a bioelectronic conduction interface with the ability to conduct electrons rapidly and stably, thereby achieving a higher energy conversion efficiency. This bioelectronic conduction interface also has relatively good capacitance properties. It can complete both biological and non-biological reactions during the charging process on the electrode surface. It has good impact resistance and can ensure continuous and stable current output.

[0024] (3) The electron transport main reaction interface constructed by the device of the present invention can store and release more electricity. The interface system has a stronger storage capacity and a better ability to maintain stability. The maximum current density generated by the main reaction chamber electrode when charging for 5 minutes and discharging for 10 minutes is 81.41A / m 3 , which is more than 4 times that of the intermittent system with ordinary carbon brushes as electrodes; the maximum current density under the conditions of charging for 10 minutes and discharging for 20 minutes is 92.22A / m 3 , which is more than three times that of the intermittent system with ordinary carbon brushes as electrodes.

[0025] (4) The present invention fully exploits the potential of excess sludge as a waste biomass energy source and maximizes the amount of current generated through a continuous flow multi-process. At the same time, the excess sludge is fully rendered harmless and stabilized after circulating through the entire process. On the one hand, the strong oxidizing free radicals generated by electro-Fenton can destroy some cell structures and remove some pollutants. On the other hand, the process of microbial electricity generation is also a process of degrading excess sludge cells. The present invention not only achieves stable electron generation but also achieves efficient sludge degradation, and can be used in the field of sludge treatment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the device for achieving sustained bioelectronic conduction interface;

[0027] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the reaction unit;

[0028] Figure 31 is a graph showing the power density of the system in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1.

[0029] In the figure: 1 is the main reaction chamber, 1-1 is the mud inlet, 1-2 is the connecting pipe, 2 is the pre-reaction chamber, 2-1 is the flow hole, 2-2 is the first air vent, 3 is the buffer chamber, 3-1 is the mud outlet, 3-2 is the second air vent, 3-3 is the air inlet pipe, 4 is the proton exchange membrane, 5 is the capacitive anode, 6 is the iron-loaded cathode, 7 is the external circuit resistor, and 8 is the nitrogen bottle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The beneficial effects of the present invention are verified by the following examples:

[0031] Example 1: The device for realizing a sustained bioelectronic conduction interface of this embodiment is composed of three reaction units with the same structure, an external circuit resistor 7, and a nitrogen cylinder 8; wherein the three reaction units with the same structure are arranged from high to low; the reaction unit is composed of a main reaction chamber 1, a pre-reaction chamber 2, and a buffer chamber 3; the effective volume of the main reaction chamber 1 and the pre-reaction chamber 2 is 1440 mL, the main reaction chamber 1 is a closed chamber, and the effective volume of the buffer chamber 3 is 1000 mL. The main reaction chamber 1 and the pre-reaction chamber 2 are separated by a proton exchange membrane 4 to ensure smooth proton transfer and prevent oxygen diffusion. The capacitive anode 5 is arranged in the main reaction chamber 1, and the iron-loaded cathode 6 is arranged in the pre-reaction chamber 2; wherein the capacitor The anode 5 is a polyaniline-manganese dioxide electrode, and the iron-loaded cathode 6 is formed by ferrite loaded on the surface of a carbon fiber brush; a mud inlet 1-1 is provided at the top of the main reaction chamber 1, and a connecting pipe 1-2 with a valve is provided below the proton exchange membrane 4, through which the material in the main reaction chamber 1 can flow into the pre-reaction chamber 2; the buffer chamber 3 is located below the main reaction chamber 1 and the pre-reaction chamber 2; a flow hole 2-1 with a valve is provided between the pre-reaction chamber 2 and the buffer chamber 3, and a first air vent 2-2 is provided on the side wall of the pre-reaction chamber 2; a mud outlet 3-1 with a valve is provided at the bottom of the buffer chamber 3, and a second air vent 3-2 and an air inlet pipe 3-3 are provided on the side wall of the buffer chamber 3;

[0032] The mud outlet 3-1 of the reaction unit located at the upper position is connected to the mud inlet 1-1 of the reaction unit adjacent thereto, and a valve is provided at the connection;

[0033] Lead wires are drawn from the capacitive anode 5 of each reaction unit and connected in parallel to the parallel wires drawn from the iron-coated cathode 6 of each reaction unit through an external circuit resistor 7; the resistance of the external circuit resistor 7 is 100 ohms;

[0034] The nitrogen bottle 8 is connected to the air inlet pipe 3-3 of each reaction unit;

[0035] The data acquisition device of the external circuit resistor 7 is connected to a desktop computer to capture and record the voltage changes of the system output every 30 minutes.

[0036] The method for treating excess sludge using the above-mentioned device for realizing a sustained bio-electron conduction interface is carried out in the following steps:

[0037] 1. Startup phase: Close the valve of the connecting pipe 1-2 between the main reaction chamber 1 and the pre-reaction chamber 2 of each reaction unit, and close the valve of the flow hole 2-1 between the pre-reaction chamber 2 and the buffer chamber 3 of each reaction unit;

[0038] The sludge taken from the secondary sedimentation tank of the sewage treatment plant was allowed to stand for 4 hours, and the supernatant was removed to obtain substrate sludge, i.e., residual sludge; the residual sludge was added to the main reaction chamber 1 of each reaction unit; potassium ferrocyanide and potassium dihydrogen phosphate were added to water at a concentration of 16.45 g / L and 13.6 g / L, respectively, and mixed uniformly to obtain an electron acceptor solution; the electron acceptor solution was added to the pre-reaction chamber 2 of each reaction unit, and the anaerobic state of each main reaction chamber 1 was maintained and the electron acceptor solution in each pre-reaction chamber 2 was replaced every 2 days. After 10 days of cultivation, the voltage of the entire system reached 0.7-0.75 V, and the voltage remained between 0.7-0.75 V and did not rise for the next 3 days, reaching a stable state, and completing the startup; after the startup was completed, the main reaction chambers of each reaction unit were enriched with electrogenic bacteria;

[0039] 2. Operation phase: Open the valve of the connecting pipe 1-2 between the main reaction chamber 1 and the pre-reaction chamber 2 of each reaction unit, open the valve of the flow hole 2-1 between the pre-reaction chamber 2 and the buffer chamber 3 of each reaction unit, and open the valves at the connection between each reaction unit;

[0040] The remaining sludge to be treated is then continuously added from the mud inlet 1-1 of the highest reaction unit. The remaining sludge flows by gravity from the main reaction chamber 1 of the highest reaction unit to the pre-reaction chamber 2, then enters the buffer chamber 3, and then enters the next reaction unit until it is discharged from the mud outlet 3-1 of the lowest reaction unit. While the remaining sludge continues to flow, the first air vent 2-2 of the pre-reaction chamber 2 is kept in communication with the atmosphere to ensure sufficient oxygen supply to the pre-reaction chamber, so that the pre-reaction can achieve the purpose of degrading some of the remaining sludge cells. At the same time, the nitrogen in the nitrogen bottle 8 is also input into the buffer chamber 3 through the air inlet pipe 3-3 to discharge the dissolved oxygen in the remaining sludge and ensure an anaerobic environment when flowing into the main reaction zone. The residence time of the remaining sludge in the device is controlled to be 6 days to complete the treatment of the remaining sludge.

[0041] Comparative Example 1: The difference between this embodiment and Example 1 is that the capacitive anode 5 and the iron-loaded cathode 6 in the device for realizing a continuous bioelectronic conduction interface are replaced by unloaded carbon brushes. In step 2 of the method for treating residual sludge, the valve of the connecting pipe 1-2 between the main reaction chamber 1 and the pre-reaction chamber 2 of each reaction unit is closed, the valve of the flow hole 2-1 between the pre-reaction chamber 2 and the buffer chamber 3 of each reaction unit is closed, and the valves at the connection between each reaction unit are closed to put the system in an intermittent flow state. The other steps and parameters are the same as those in Example 1.

[0042] The reaction systems of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 were subjected to a chronoamperometric test to test the anode's electrical storage capacity. The test results showed that under the conditions of charging for 5 minutes and discharging for 10 minutes, the maximum current density generated by the main reaction electrode during discharge in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 was 81.41 A / m 3 and 20.25A / m 3 Under the conditions of charging for 10 minutes and discharging for 20 minutes, the maximum current density generated by the main reaction electrode during discharge in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 is 92.22A / m 3 and 27.64A / m 3 , which shows that the electron transport main reaction interface constructed in Example 1 can store and release more electricity, and the interface system has a stronger power storage capacity and a better ability to maintain stability.

[0043] After the output voltage of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 is stabilized (ie, after successful startup), the power density of the system is measured as a function of the current density, thereby determining the generation of interfacial electrical energy.

[0044] The test results show that in the stable state after successful startup, the average voltage of the interface system in Example 1 is 0.74V, while the average voltage of the interface system in Comparative Example 1 is 0.63V. The maximum power density of the system in Example 1 is 2.14W / m 3 , is a comparative system (0.39W / m 3 This indicates that the continuous electron conduction interface constructed in Example 1 promotes the generation of electrical energy in the system.

Claims

1. A method for treating excess sludge by a device for realizing a sustained bio-electron conduction interface, characterized in that: The method proceeds as follows:

1. Start-up phase: The device for realizing a continuous bioelectronic conduction interface comprises an external circuit resistor (7), a nitrogen bottle (8) and a plurality of reaction units with the same structure; wherein the plurality of reaction units with the same structure are arranged from high to low; the reaction unit consists of a main reaction chamber (1), a pre-reaction chamber (2) and a buffer chamber (3); the main reaction chamber (1) and the pre-reaction chamber (2) are separated by a proton exchange membrane (4) to ensure smooth proton transfer and prevent oxygen diffusion, a capacitive anode (5) is arranged in the main reaction chamber (1), and an iron-loaded cathode (6) is arranged in the pre-reaction chamber (2); a mud inlet (1-1) is arranged at the top of the main reaction chamber (1), A connecting pipe (1-2) with a valve is provided below the proton exchange membrane (4), and the material in the main reaction chamber (1) flows into the pre-reaction chamber (2) through the connecting pipe (1-2); the buffer chamber (3) is located below the main reaction chamber (1) and the pre-reaction chamber (2); a flow hole (2-1) with a valve is provided between the pre-reaction chamber (2) and the buffer chamber (3), and a first vent (2-2) is provided on the side wall of the pre-reaction chamber (2); a mud outlet (3-1) with a valve is provided at the bottom of the buffer chamber (3), and a second vent (3-2) and an air inlet pipe (3-3) are provided on the side wall of the buffer chamber (3); The mud outlet (3-1) of the reaction unit located at a higher position is connected to the mud inlet (1-1) of the reaction unit located below it, and a valve is provided at the connection; Leading wires from the capacitive anode (5) of each reaction unit are connected in parallel and then connected to the parallel wires from the iron-loaded cathode (6) of each reaction unit through the external circuit resistor (7); The nitrogen bottle (8) is connected to the air inlet pipe (3-3) of each reaction unit; The capacitive anode (5) is a polyaniline-manganese dioxide electrode; The iron-loaded cathode (6) is formed by ferrite loaded on the surface of the carbon fiber brush; The valve of the connecting pipe (1-2) between the main reaction chamber (1) and the pre-reaction chamber (2) of each reaction unit is closed, and the valve of the flow hole (2-1) between the pre-reaction chamber (2) and the buffer chamber (3) of each reaction unit is closed; the residual sludge is added to the main reaction chamber (1) of each reaction unit, and the electron acceptor solution is added to the pre-reaction chamber (2) of each reaction unit, and the anaerobic state of each main reaction chamber (1) is maintained and the electron acceptor solution in each pre-reaction chamber (2) is regularly replaced, and the system is cultured until the voltage of the entire system no longer rises and remains stable, and the startup is completed; after the startup is completed, the main reaction chamber of each reaction unit is enriched with electrogenic bacteria; 2. Operation phase: open the valve of the connecting pipe (1-2) between the main reaction chamber (1) and the pre-reaction chamber (2) of each reaction unit, open the valve of the flow hole (2-1) between the pre-reaction chamber (2) and the buffer chamber (3) of each reaction unit, and open the valves at the connection between each reaction unit; then continuously add the residual sludge to be treated from the mud inlet (1-1) of the highest reaction unit, and the residual sludge flows from the main reaction chamber (1) of the highest reaction unit to the pre-reaction chamber (2), then enters the buffer chamber (3), and then enters the next reaction unit until it is discharged from the main reaction chamber (1) of the highest reaction unit. The sludge outlet (3-1) of the lowest reaction unit is discharged; while the residual sludge continuously flows, the first vent (2-2) of the pre-reaction chamber (2) is kept in communication with the atmosphere or exposed to air to ensure that the pre-reaction chamber is adequately supplied with oxygen, thereby enabling the pre-reaction to achieve the purpose of degrading some of the residual sludge cells; at the same time, the nitrogen in the nitrogen bottle (8) is input into the buffer chamber (3) through the air inlet pipe (3-3) to discharge the dissolved oxygen in the residual sludge and ensure the anaerobic environment of the main reaction zone; the residence time of the residual sludge in the device is controlled to be 5 to 8 days to complete the treatment of the residual sludge.

2. The method for treating excess sludge by a device for realizing a sustained bio-electron conduction interface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device for realizing a sustained bioelectronic conduction interface includes 3 to 5 reaction units with the same structure.

3. The method for treating excess sludge by the device for realizing a sustained bio-electron conduction interface according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The resistance of the external circuit resistor (7) is 50~100 ohms.

4. The method for treating excess sludge by a device for realizing a sustained bio-electron conduction interface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The excess sludge described in step 1 is obtained by taking the sludge from the secondary sedimentation tank of the sewage treatment plant, leaving it to stand for 4 hours, removing the supernatant, and obtaining substrate sludge, namely the excess sludge.

5. The method for treating excess sludge by the device for realizing a sustained bio-electron conduction interface according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The electron acceptor solution described in step 1 is prepared by adding potassium ferrocyanide and potassium dihydrogen phosphate into water and mixing them, wherein the concentration of potassium ferrocyanide is 16-17 g / L, and the concentration of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 13-14 g / L.

6. The method for treating excess sludge by the device for realizing a sustained bio-electron conduction interface according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The step 1 of culturing until the voltage of the entire system no longer rises and remains stable refers to culturing until the voltage of the entire system reaches 0.7-0.8 V, and the voltage remains between 0.7-0.8 V and no longer rises within the next 2-3 days, thus reaching a stable state.

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