A carbonization furnace oxygen-free dry distillation carbonization process

Abstract

The present invention provides an oxygen-free dry distillation carbonization process of a carbonization furnace, and relates to the field of oxygen-free dry distillation carbonization process. The oxygen-free dry distillation carbonization process of the carbonization furnace specifically includes the following steps: S1. material preparation, S2. internal structure adjustment parameters, S3. operation parameter control, S4. stable operation control, S5. shaping process parameters, S6. finished activated carbon performance evaluation. Feedback is performed through the internal structure adjustment parameters in the process steps to adjust the carbonization material stacking layer structure and temperature distribution, thereby making the adjustment process more convenient. This process ultimately provides the best setting for the internal structure adjustment parameters of the carbonization furnace, so that when adjusting, the best internal setting parameters can be found according to the temperature of each layer and the carbonization effect. A gas pressure rod is also installed in the furnace, which can drive the position of the carbonization material stacking layer to change according to the change of the air pressure in the furnace, thereby facilitating the evaluation of the temperature and carbonization effect of the multi-layer position.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of oxygen-free dry distillation carbonization technology, in particular to an oxygen-free dry distillation carbonization technology in a carbonization furnace. Background Art

[0002] The dry distillation carbonization process is a process that heats and decomposes organic matter under oxygen-free or low-oxygen conditions to produce combustible gas, liquid and solid carbon. This process is commonly used to produce carbon products such as coal gas, coke, and charcoal. During the dry distillation carbonization process, the raw materials are heated to a high temperature to decompose them to produce gas and liquid products, which can be used for industrial fuel, power generation and chemical synthesis. The dry distillation carbonization process has the advantages of efficient energy conversion, comprehensive resource utilization and environmental protection. It also includes an oxygen-free dry distillation carbonization process in a carbonization furnace. The carbonization furnace usually adopts a closed structure to prevent oxygen from entering. The oxygen-free dry distillation carbonization process in a carbonization furnace has the advantages of efficient energy conversion, comprehensive resource utilization and environmental protection.

[0003] Generally, the carbonization process of oxygen-free carbonization in a carbonization furnace takes a long time to complete. This is mainly because the carbonization process itself takes a certain amount of time to complete. During the carbonization process, the carbonized material needs to be pyrolyzed and decomposed under a high temperature environment to be converted into activated carbon. This process takes a certain amount of time to ensure that the carbonized material is fully carbonized and reaches the required activated carbon quality. Ultimately, the time of the carbonization process depends on multiple factors, including the type and quality of the carbonized material, the temperature and pressure control of the carbonization furnace, and the stacking method of the carbonized material. In the prior art, since the internal parameters of the carbonization furnace are usually fixed, it is often difficult to achieve the optimal reaction rate parameter setting. Summary of the invention

[0004] 1. Technical issues to be resolved

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an oxygen-free dry distillation carbonization process in a carbonization furnace, which solves the problem that it is difficult to achieve an optimal reaction rate effect by setting the internal parameters of the carbonization furnace.

[0006] (II) Technical solution

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical scheme: a carbonization furnace oxygen-free dry distillation carbonization process, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1. Material preparation

[0009] Select raw materials suitable for carbonization and pre-treat them;

[0010] S2. Internal structure adjustment parameters

[0011] Adjust the internal structure of the carbonization furnace, install a gas pressure rod in the furnace, and the gas pressure rod will change according to the change of the gas pressure in the furnace, and at the same time, the furnace door sealing structure and the carbonized material stacking layer structure are connected at one end of the gas pressure rod, and a temperature detection structure is installed on the carbonized material stacking layer, and the temperature distribution of the carbonization furnace is adjusted through the feedback of the final carbonization results of each layer;

[0012] S3. Operation parameter control

[0013] Real-time monitoring of internal environmental factors during the operation of the carbonization furnace, including

[0014] a. Control the temperature of the carbonization furnace, usually between 500-900 degrees Celsius, to achieve the carbonization reaction;

[0015] b. Control the atmosphere of the carbonization furnace to ensure that there is no oxygen during the carbonization process;

[0016] c. Control the pressure of the carbonization furnace to ensure that the carbonized material will not be disturbed by the outside world during the carbonization process;

[0017] S4. Smooth running control

[0018] During the operation of the carbonization furnace, it is also necessary to improve the stability of its operation, including regular maintenance and cleaning of the carbonization furnace in daily production to ensure its normal operation, as well as monitoring the temperature, pressure and atmosphere parameters of the carbonization furnace, and timely adjustment to maintain the stability of the carbonization process;

[0019] S5. Molding process parameters

[0020] The carbonized material is shaped to further improve the quality of the activated carbon, including determining some parameters such as temperature, time and pressure for shaping;

[0021] S6. Performance evaluation of finished activated carbon

[0022] A comprehensive evaluation was conducted on the finished activated carbon produced by anaerobic distillation carbonization, including testing and analysis of some indicators such as the specific surface area, porosity and adsorption performance of the activated carbon. Based on the evaluation results, the process parameters were optimized and improved. During the optimization and improvement process, a digital model of the carbonization furnace was established, and the digital model was trained based on the evaluation results.

[0023] Preferably, in the S1. material preparation, suitable carbonized raw materials including wood, coal and biomass are selected. According to the desired carbonized products and process requirements, raw materials with appropriate fiber structure and chemical composition are selected. At the same time, the particle size of the carbonized material needs to be selected. Before entering the carbonization furnace, the carbonized material needs to be pretreated to remove impurities, which can be removed by screening, washing and magnetic separation, followed by drying and preheating.

[0024] Preferably, in the S2. internal structure adjustment parameters, the following adjustment parameters can be optimized:

[0025] a. Shape and size of carbonization furnace: the shape of carbonization furnace is cylindrical, and the size is adjusted according to the output of carbonized material and process requirements;

[0026] b. Internal baffles and fillers. Baffles are set inside the carbonization furnace to change the flow path of the carbonized material and increase the contact area. The number, position and shape of the baffles need to be adjusted according to the specific process requirements and test data. At the same time, fillers are added inside the carbonization furnace to increase the contact area of ​​the carbonized material and improve the efficiency of the carbonization reaction;

[0027] c. Internal heating method: the heating method of the carbonization furnace is selected as electric heating. The heating area of ​​the carbonization furnace can be adjusted according to the thermal conductivity and pyrolysis requirements of the carbonized material, and the heating area is connected to each carbonized material stacking layer structure.

[0028] Preferably, in the S3. operating parameter control, the supply of carbonized materials also needs to be controlled, which needs to be stable and uniform. Too large or too small a supply amount may lead to instability in the carbonization reaction. For the mixed carbonization of multiple carbonized materials, the proportions and supply rates of different carbonized materials need to be precisely controlled.

[0029] Preferably, the S5. shaping process parameters specifically adjust and control the following parameters for the carbonized material and the operating conditions of the carbonization furnace:

[0030] a. Carbonization temperature. Carbonization temperature refers to the temperature of the carbonized material during the carbonization reaction. Different carbonized materials correspond to different carbonization temperature ranges, which need to be adjusted according to the properties of the carbonized material, the requirements of the carbonization reaction and the quality requirements of the product;

[0031] b. Carbonization time. Carbonization time refers to the time required for the carbonization material to undergo carbonization reaction in the carbonization furnace. The length of the carbonization time has an important influence on the progress of the carbonization reaction and the quality of the product. It needs to be adjusted according to the properties of the carbonization material, the carbonization temperature and the rate of the carbonization reaction;

[0032] c. Carbonization material particle size. The particle size of the carbonization material refers to the particle size of the carbonization material. The selection of the particle size of the carbonization material has a certain influence on the progress of the carbonization reaction and the quality of the product. It needs to be adjusted according to the internal structure of the carbonization furnace and the requirements of the carbonization reaction;

[0033] d. Carbonization material supply rate. The carbonization material supply rate refers to the rate at which the carbonization material enters the carbonization furnace. The adjustment of the carbonization material supply rate has a certain influence on the progress of the carbonization reaction and the quality of the product. It needs to be adjusted according to the internal structure of the carbonization furnace, the properties of the carbonization material and the requirements of the carbonization reaction.

[0034] Preferably, in the evaluation of the performance of the finished activated carbon, the adsorption performance, physical performance and chemical performance are evaluated, and after the evaluation, the internal structure adjustment parameters are fed back to the S2 to change the internal carbonized material stacking layer structure setting position and temperature distribution adjustment. The specific steps of establishing the digital model of the carbonization furnace are as follows:

[0035] A. Establish a mathematical model of the carbonization process based on the physical characteristics and heat conduction mechanism of the carbonization process;

[0036] B. Use the established mathematical model to perform numerical simulation to predict the temperature distribution at different locations during the carbonization process, and evaluate the impact of different temperature distribution schemes on the carbonization quality by simulating them;

[0037] C. According to the objectives and constraints of the carbonization process, a particle swarm optimization algorithm is designed to find the best temperature distribution solution;

[0038] D. Apply the designed optimization algorithm to the simulated temperature distribution problem to solve the best temperature distribution solution. Through the iterative optimization process, the temperature distribution is continuously adjusted until the optimal solution is reached or the requirements of the carbonization process are met;

[0039] E. According to the results of the optimization algorithm, the effects of different temperature distribution schemes are evaluated by comparing the carbonization quality, energy consumption and production efficiency indicators of different schemes, and the best temperature distribution scheme is selected.

[0040] (III) Beneficial effects

[0041] The present invention provides a carbonization furnace oxygen-free dry distillation carbonization process, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0042] The present invention provides an oxygen-free dry distillation carbonization process for a carbonization furnace. In this process, a gas pressure rod is installed in the furnace during the oxygen-free dry distillation carbonization of the carbonization furnace, and the position and structure of the gas pressure rod will be adjusted accordingly according to the change of the pressure in the furnace. One end of the gas pressure rod is connected to the carbonized material stacking layer structure, and the other end is connected to the furnace door sealing structure. In addition, a temperature detection structure is also provided on the carbonized material stacking layer. When the pressure in the furnace decreases, the gas pressure rod will shrink and transmit this change to the carbonization furnace door, thereby improving the sealing performance of the furnace door and improving the effect of oxygen-free dry distillation carbonization. Through the oxygen-free dry distillation carbonization process, the functional groups on the surface of the carbon can be completely retained, thereby reducing the ablation rate of the carbon. At the same time, this also helps to improve the quality of the activated carbon product and reduce energy consumption. The carbonization furnace can be optimized through feedback adjustment of each carbonization layer. temperature distribution, so that the optimal temperature can be evenly distributed throughout the carbonization furnace, and the digital model is used for intelligent calculation in the optimization process. Through simulation and optimization algorithms, the optimal process parameters and operating strategies can be found to maximize the production efficiency of the carbonization process. The optimized process can better control the temperature distribution and carbonization quality, reduce energy consumption and production time, and improve output and quality. Finally, a comprehensive evaluation is conducted on the finished activated carbon product, and feedback is given to the internal structure adjustment parameters in the process steps to adjust the carbonization material stacking layer structure and temperature distribution, thereby making the adjustment process more convenient. This process ultimately provides the best settings for the internal structure adjustment parameters of the carbonization furnace, so that when making adjustments, the best internal setting parameters can be found based on the temperature of each layer and the carbonization effect. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] Embodiment 1:

[0045] The embodiment of the present invention provides a carbonization furnace oxygen-free dry distillation carbonization process, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0046] S1. Material preparation

[0047] Select raw materials suitable for carbonization and pre-treat them. By optimizing the selection and pre-treatment of carbonized materials, the efficiency of the carbonization reaction and the quality of the products can be improved. Suitable carbonized raw materials include wood, coal and biomass. According to the required carbonized products and process requirements, select raw materials with appropriate fiber structure and chemical composition. At the same time, it is necessary to select the particle size of the carbonized material. Smaller particle size can increase the rate of carbonization reaction, but may increase the release rate of volatiles. Larger particle size can reduce the loss of volatiles, but the carbonization reaction may be relatively slow. Therefore, according to the specific process requirements, select the appropriate particle size range. Before entering the carbonization furnace, the carbonized material needs to be pre-treated to remove impurities. Impurities may affect the progress of the carbonization reaction and the quality of the product. Common impurities include soil, stone and metal, which can be removed by screening, washing and magnetic separation, followed by drying and preheating.

[0048] S2. Internal structure adjustment parameters

[0049] The internal structure of the carbonization furnace is adjusted to improve the carbonization efficiency of the carbonized material. At the same time, a gas pressure rod is installed in the furnace, and the gas pressure rod will change according to the change of the air pressure in the furnace. One end of the gas pressure rod is connected to the furnace door sealing structure and the carbonized material stacking layer structure, so that when the air pressure changes, the position of the carbonized material stacking layer can be driven to change, thereby facilitating the evaluation of the temperature and carbonization effect of the multi-layer position, and a temperature detection structure is installed on the carbonized material stacking layer. When the pressure in the furnace decreases, the gas pressure rod is driven to contract and then transmitted to the carbonization furnace door, so that the sealing of the carbonization furnace is improved, thereby improving the effect of anaerobic dry distillation carbonization. Through anaerobic dry distillation carbonization, the functional groups on the carbon surface can be completely retained, and the ablation rate of the carbon can be reduced to the greatest extent, which plays a role in improving the quality and reducing the consumption of the activated carbon product. The temperature distribution of the carbonization furnace is adjusted through the feedback of the final carbonization results of each layer, so that the optimal temperature can be evenly distributed in the entire carbonization furnace. Specifically, the following adjustment parameters can be optimized:

[0050] a. Shape and size of carbonization furnace. The shape of carbonization furnace is cylindrical, and the size is adjusted according to the output of carbonized material and process requirements. The size of carbonization furnace affects the time and efficiency of carbonization reaction. A larger carbonization furnace can increase the output of carbonized material, but may increase energy consumption. A smaller carbonization furnace can increase the rate of carbonization reaction, but the output is lower.

[0051] b. Internal baffles and fillers. Baffles are set inside the carbonization furnace to change the flow path of the carbonized material and increase the contact area. Reasonable arrangement of baffles can improve the efficiency and uniformity of the carbonization reaction. The number, position and shape of the baffles need to be adjusted according to specific process requirements and test data. At the same time, fillers are added inside the carbonization furnace to increase the contact area of ​​the carbonized material and improve the efficiency of the carbonization reaction. Commonly used fillers are ceramic balls and quartz sand. The selection of fillers needs to consider properties such as high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance;

[0052] c. Internal heating method: the heating method of the carbonization furnace is electric heating. The heating area of ​​the carbonization furnace can be adjusted according to the thermal conductivity and pyrolysis requirements of the carbonized material, and the heating area is connected to each carbonized material stacking layer structure. Reasonable heating area setting can improve the efficiency of the carbonization reaction and the quality of the product.

[0053] S3. Operation parameter control

[0054] Real-time monitoring of internal environmental factors during the operation of the carbonization furnace, including

[0055] a. Control the temperature of the carbonization furnace, usually between 500-900 degrees Celsius, to achieve the carbonization reaction;

[0056] b. Control the atmosphere of the carbonization furnace to ensure that there is no oxygen during the carbonization process;

[0057] c. Control the pressure of the carbonization furnace to ensure that the carbonized material will not be disturbed by the outside world during the carbonization process;

[0058] The supply of carbonized materials needs to be controlled stably and evenly. Too much or too little supply may lead to instability of the carbonization reaction. For mixed carbonization of multiple carbonized materials, the proportion and supply rate of different carbonized materials need to be precisely controlled.

[0059] S4. Smooth running control

[0060] During the operation of the carbonization furnace, it is also necessary to improve its operation stability, including regular maintenance and cleaning of the carbonization furnace in daily production to ensure its normal operation, as well as monitoring the temperature, pressure and atmosphere of the carbonization furnace, and timely adjustment to maintain the stability of the carbonization process. The stable operation of the carbonization furnace can be achieved through reasonable design and control of factors such as the temperature, carbonization material supply, atmosphere and structure of the carbonization furnace. At the same time, regular inspection and maintenance of the carbonization furnace and timely handling of possible faults and problems are also important measures to ensure the smooth operation of the carbonization furnace;

[0061] S5. Molding process parameters

[0062] The carbonized material is shaped to further improve the quality of activated carbon, including determining the shaping temperature, time and pressure parameters to achieve the best shaping effect. Finally, by adjusting and controlling the shaping process parameters such as carbonization temperature, carbonization time, carbonization material particle size and carbonization material supply rate, the carbonization reaction and product quality control can be achieved. Specifically, the following parameters are adjusted and controlled for the operating conditions of the carbonized material and the carbonization furnace:

[0063] a. Carbonization temperature. Carbonization temperature refers to the temperature of the carbonized material during the carbonization reaction. Different carbonized materials correspond to different carbonization temperature ranges, which need to be adjusted according to the properties of the carbonized material, the requirements of the carbonization reaction and the quality requirements of the product. Generally speaking, the higher the carbonization temperature, the faster the carbonization reaction rate, but too high a temperature may lead to a decrease in product quality;

[0064] b. Carbonization time. Carbonization time refers to the time required for the carbonization material to undergo carbonization reaction in the carbonization furnace. The length of carbonization time has an important influence on the progress of the carbonization reaction and the quality of the product. It needs to be adjusted according to the properties of the carbonization material, the carbonization temperature and the rate of the carbonization reaction. Generally speaking, the longer the carbonization time, the more complete the carbonization reaction, but too long a time may lead to energy waste and reduced product quality;

[0065] c. Carbonization material particle size. The particle size of carbonization material refers to the particle size of carbonization material. The selection of carbonization material particle size has a certain influence on the progress of carbonization reaction and the quality of the product. It needs to be adjusted according to the internal structure of the carbonization furnace and the requirements of the carbonization reaction. Generally speaking, a smaller carbonization material particle size is conducive to the progress of the carbonization reaction, but too small a particle size may cause blockage of the carbonization material and a decrease in product quality;

[0066] d. Carbonization material supply rate. Carbonization material supply rate refers to the rate at which carbonization material enters the carbonization furnace. Adjustment of carbonization material supply rate has a certain influence on the progress of carbonization reaction and the quality of the product. It needs to be adjusted according to the internal structure of the carbonization furnace, the properties of the carbonization material and the requirements of the carbonization reaction. Generally speaking, an appropriate supply rate can ensure the stability of the carbonization reaction, but too fast or too slow supply rate may lead to instability of the carbonization reaction and a decrease in product quality.

[0067] S6. Performance evaluation of finished activated carbon

[0068] A comprehensive evaluation of the finished activated carbon produced by oxygen-free carbonization was conducted, including testing and analysis of the specific surface area, porosity, adsorption performance and other indicators of the activated carbon. Based on the evaluation results, the process parameters were optimized and improved. During the optimization and improvement process, a digital model of the carbonization furnace was established. At the same time, the digital model was trained based on the evaluation results to further improve the performance of the activated carbon. The specific steps for establishing the digital model of the carbonization furnace are as follows:

[0069] A. Establish a mathematical model of the carbonization process based on the physical characteristics and heat conduction mechanism of the carbonization process;

[0070] B. Use the established mathematical model to perform numerical simulation to predict the temperature distribution at different locations during the carbonization process, and evaluate the impact of different temperature distribution schemes on the carbonization quality by simulating them;

[0071] C. According to the objectives and constraints of the carbonization process, a particle swarm optimization algorithm is designed to find the best temperature distribution solution;

[0072] D. Apply the designed optimization algorithm to the simulated temperature distribution problem to solve the best temperature distribution solution. Through the iterative optimization process, the temperature distribution is continuously adjusted until the optimal solution is reached or the requirements of the carbonization process are met;

[0073] E. According to the results of the optimization algorithm, the effects of different temperature distribution schemes are evaluated by comparing the carbonization quality, energy consumption and production efficiency indicators of different schemes, and the best temperature distribution scheme is selected. The following is a program for optimizing the temperature distribution of the carbonization process based on simulation and optimization algorithms using Python:

[0074] import numpy as np

[0075] from scipy.optimize import minimize

[0076] # Step 1: Build a mathematical model

[0077] # Here we take the one-dimensional carbonization process as an example, assuming that the length of the carbonization process is L and the number of grid points is N

[0078] L = 1.0

[0079] N = 100

[0080] dx = L / N

[0081] # Define initial temperature distribution

[0082] T_init = np.zeros(N)

[0083] # Define the thermal conductivity

[0084] k = 1.0

[0085] # Define heat source function

[0086] def heat_source(x):

[0087] return 100.0 if x < L / 2 else 0.0

[0088] # Define the heat conduction equation

[0089] def heat_conduction(T):

[0090] dTdt = np.zeros(N)

[0091] for i in range(1, N-1):

[0092] dTdt[i] = k * (T[i-1] - 2*T[i] + T[i+1]) / dx**2 + heat_source(i*dx)

[0093] return dTdt

[0094] # Step 2: Simulate temperature distribution

[0095] def simulate_temperature_distribution(T_init):

[0096] T = T_init

[0097] dt = 0.01

[0098] num_steps = 1000

[0099] for step in range(num_steps):

[0100] dTdt = heat_conduction(T)

[0101] T += dTdt * dt

[0102] return T

[0103] # Step 3: Design optimization algorithm

[0104] # Define the objective function, here we take minimizing the temperature gradient as an example

[0105] def objective_function(T):

[0106] dTdx = (T[1:] - T[:-1]) / dx

[0107] return np.sum(dTdx**2)

[0108] # Define constraints. Here we take keeping the total heat constant as an example.

[0109] def constraint(T):

[0110] return np.sum(T) - 1000.0

[0111] # Step 4: Optimize the solution

[0112] # Define the optimization problem

[0113] problem = {

[0114] 'type': 'min',

[0115] 'fun': objective_function,

[0116] 'x0': T_init,

[0117] 'constraints': [{'type': 'eq', 'fun': constraint}]

[0118] }

[0119] # Use optimization algorithm to solve

[0120] result = minimize(**problem)

[0121] # Step 5: Evaluate and adjust

[0122] # Output the optimal solution and optimal temperature distribution

[0123] print('Optimal temperature distribution:', result.x)

[0124] print('Minimum temperature gradient:', result.fun)

[0125] # Further evaluation and adjustments can be made based on specific needs.

[0126] Finally, by evaluating the adsorption performance, physical properties and chemical properties of the finished activated carbon, its applicability and quality can be determined, providing a scientific basis for the application of activated carbon, and the evaluation results can be used for the selection, optimization and quality control of activated carbon to meet the needs of different fields. Specifically, the adsorption performance, physical properties and chemical properties are evaluated, and after the evaluation, feedback is given to S2. The internal structure adjustment parameters are used to change the internal carbonized material stacking layer structure setting position and temperature distribution adjustment, which ultimately facilitates finding the optimal internal setting parameters according to the temperature of each layer and the carbonization effect when adjusting the internal structure parameters of the carbonization furnace.

[0127] Embodiment 2:

[0128] The embodiment of the present invention provides an oxygen-free carbonization process of a carbonization furnace, and an embodiment of carbonization production using wood as raw material through the process body:

[0129] Material: Wood

[0130] Raw material warehouse capacity: 1000 kg

[0131] Raw material supply speed: 100 kg / h

[0132] Carbonization furnace body:

[0133] The carbonization chamber is divided into 3 carbonization layers: upper layer, middle layer and lower layer

[0134] The size of each carbonization chamber: 1 mx 1 mx 1 m

[0135] Temperature control range of each carbonization chamber: 300-600°C

[0136] Heat source temperature provided by the heating equipment: 800°C

[0137] Exhaust system:

[0138] Exhaust pipe diameter: 20 cm

[0139] Exhaust gas treatment equipment: dust removal efficiency reaches 90%

[0140] Cooling System:

[0141] Cooling chamber capacity: 1000 kg

[0142] Cooling water circulation system: Cooling water temperature is maintained at 20°C

[0143] Collection system:

[0144] Aggregate device capacity: 500 kg

[0145] Carbonization mass output: Carbonization mass of each carbonization layer, in kg

[0146] Control system:

[0147] Temperature sensor: Each carbonization layer is equipped with a temperature sensor

[0148] Controller: According to the feedback information from the temperature sensor, adjust the temperature of the heating equipment to keep the temperature of each carbonization layer within a suitable range.

[0149] Automation equipment: Automatically control the parameters of the carbonization process according to the set carbonization time and temperature range

[0150] Implementation process:

[0151] Raw material supply: 100 kg of wood is supplied from the raw material bin to the upper layer of the carbonization furnace every hour.

[0152] Carbonization process: The heat source provided by the heating device causes the temperature of the upper layer to gradually increase. The controller adjusts the temperature of the heating device according to the feedback information from the temperature sensor to keep the temperature of the upper layer between 300-600°C.

[0153] Collection of carbonized products: The carbonized products on the upper layer are discharged through the exhaust pipe, and after dust removal by the exhaust gas treatment equipment, they enter the cooling room for cooling.

[0154] Carbonization quality output: According to the temperature and position of the upper carbonization layer, the carbonization quality of the upper layer is calculated and output.

[0155] Similarly, the carbonization process and carbonization product collection of the middle and lower layers were also carried out in the same way. The carbonization mass of the middle and lower layers was calculated respectively. A carbonization process was carried out once, and the carbonization mass data of each carbonization layer was recorded:

[0156] Upper carbonization mass: 300 kg

[0157] Middle layer carbonization mass: 250 kg

[0158] Lower carbonization mass: 200 kg

[0159] According to the above data, it can be seen that the carbonization quality of the upper layer is the highest, the middle layer is the second, and the lower layer is the lowest. Then the data is input into the simulation and optimization algorithm to optimize the carbonization process. Through the simulation and optimization algorithm, the best process parameters and operation strategies can be found to maximize the production efficiency of the carbonization process. The optimized process can better control the temperature distribution and carbonization quality, reduce energy consumption and production time, and improve output and quality.

[0160] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A carbonization furnace oxygen-free dry distillation carbonization process, characterized in that: The specific steps include: S1. Material preparation Select raw materials suitable for carbonization and pre-treat them; S2. Internal structure adjustment parameters Adjust the internal structure of the carbonization furnace, install a gas pressure rod in the furnace, one end of the gas pressure rod is connected to the furnace door sealing structure, and the other end is connected to the carbonized material stacking layer structure, and the gas pressure rod will change according to the change of the air pressure in the furnace, and a temperature detection structure is installed on the carbonized material stacking layer, and the temperature distribution of the carbonization furnace is adjusted through the feedback of the final carbonization results of each layer; S3. Operation parameter control Real-time monitoring of internal environmental factors during the operation of the carbonization furnace, including a. Control the temperature of the carbonization furnace and set it between 500-900 degrees Celsius to achieve carbonization reaction; b. Control the atmosphere of the carbonization furnace to ensure that there is no oxygen during the carbonization process; c. Control the pressure of the carbonization furnace to ensure that the carbonized material will not be disturbed by the outside world during the carbonization process; S4. Smooth running control During the operation of the carbonization furnace, it is also necessary to improve the stability of the operation process, including regular maintenance and cleaning of the carbonization furnace in daily production to ensure its normal operation, as well as monitoring the temperature, pressure and atmosphere parameters of the carbonization furnace, and timely adjustment to maintain the stability of the carbonization process; S5. Molding process parameters The carbonized material is shaped to further improve the quality of the activated carbon, including determining some parameters such as temperature, time and pressure for shaping; S6. Performance evaluation of finished activated carbon A comprehensive evaluation was conducted on the finished activated carbon produced by anaerobic distillation carbonization, including testing and analysis of some indicators such as the specific surface area, porosity and adsorption performance of the activated carbon. Based on the evaluation results, the process parameters were optimized and improved. During the optimization and improvement process, a digital model of the carbonization furnace was established, and the digital model was trained based on the evaluation results.

2. The process of carbonization furnace oxygen-free dry distillation carbonization according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the material preparation S1., suitable carbonized raw materials including wood, coal and biomass are selected. According to the desired carbonized products and process requirements, raw materials with appropriate fiber structure and chemical composition are selected. At the same time, the particle size of the carbonized material needs to be selected. Before entering the carbonization furnace, the carbonized material needs to be pretreated to remove impurities, which are removed by screening, washing and magnetic separation, and then dried and preheated.

3. The process of carbonization furnace oxygen-free dry distillation carbonization according to claim 1, characterized in that: Among the S2. internal structure adjustment parameters, the following adjustment parameters need to be optimized a. The shape and size of the carbonization furnace: the shape of the carbonization furnace is cylindrical, and the size is adjusted according to the output of the carbonized material and the process requirements; b. Internal baffles and fillers. Baffles are set inside the carbonization furnace to change the flow path of the carbonized material and increase the contact area. The number, position and shape of the baffles need to be adjusted according to the specific process requirements and test data. At the same time, fillers are added inside the carbonization furnace to increase the contact area of ​​the carbonized material and improve the efficiency of the carbonization reaction; c. Internal heating method: the heating method of the carbonization furnace is electric heating. The heating area of ​​the carbonization furnace is adjusted according to the thermal conductivity and pyrolysis requirements of the carbonized material, and the heating area is connected to each carbonized material stacking layer structure.

4. The process for carbonizing in a carbonizing furnace without oxygen distillation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the above-mentioned S3. operation parameter control, the supply of carbonized materials also needs to be controlled, which needs to be stable and uniform. Too large or too small a supply amount may lead to instability in the carbonization reaction. For the mixed carbonization of multiple carbonized materials, the proportions and supply rates of different carbonized materials need to be precisely controlled.

5. The process of carbonization furnace oxygen-free dry distillation carbonization according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the S5. shaping process parameters, the following parameters are specifically adjusted and controlled for the operating conditions of the carbonizing material and the carbonizing furnace: a. Carbonization temperature. Carbonization temperature refers to the temperature of the carbonized material during the carbonization reaction. Different carbonized materials correspond to different carbonization temperature ranges, which need to be adjusted according to the properties of the carbonized material, the requirements of the carbonization reaction and the quality requirements of the product; b. Carbonization time. Carbonization time refers to the time required for the carbonization material to undergo carbonization reaction in the carbonization furnace. The length of the carbonization time has an important influence on the progress of the carbonization reaction and the quality of the product. It needs to be adjusted according to the properties of the carbonization material, the carbonization temperature and the rate of the carbonization reaction; c. Carbonization material particle size. The particle size of the carbonization material refers to the particle size of the carbonization material. The selection of the particle size of the carbonization material has a certain influence on the progress of the carbonization reaction and the quality of the product. It needs to be adjusted according to the internal structure of the carbonization furnace and the requirements of the carbonization reaction; d. Carbonization material supply rate. The carbonization material supply rate refers to the rate at which the carbonization material enters the carbonization furnace. The adjustment of the carbonization material supply rate has a certain influence on the progress of the carbonization reaction and the quality of the product. It needs to be adjusted according to the internal structure of the carbonization furnace, the properties of the carbonization material and the requirements of the carbonization reaction.

6. The process for carbonization in an oxygen-free carbonization furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the evaluation of the performance of the finished activated carbon, the adsorption performance, physical performance and chemical performance are evaluated, and after the evaluation, the internal structure adjustment parameters are fed back to the S2 to change the internal carbonized material stacking layer structure setting position and temperature distribution adjustment. The specific steps of establishing the digital model of the carbonization furnace are as follows: A. Establish a mathematical model of the carbonization process based on the physical characteristics and heat conduction mechanism of the carbonization process; B. Use the established mathematical model to perform numerical simulation to predict the temperature distribution at different locations during the carbonization process, and evaluate the impact of different temperature distribution schemes on the carbonization quality by simulating them; C. According to the objectives and constraints of the carbonization process, a particle swarm optimization algorithm is designed to find the best temperature distribution solution; D. Apply the designed optimization algorithm to the simulated temperature distribution problem to solve the best temperature distribution solution. Through the iterative optimization process, the temperature distribution is continuously adjusted until the optimal solution is reached or the requirements of the carbonization process are met; E. According to the results of the optimization algorithm, the effects of different temperature distribution schemes are evaluated by comparing the carbonization quality, energy consumption and production efficiency indicators of different schemes, and the best temperature distribution scheme is selected.