A rock stratum grouting plug and a bottom-up visual grouting method

Abstract

The rock stratum grouting plug comprises an underwater image module for collecting and displaying the situation in a borehole and a water pressure expansion grouting plug module connected with the underwater image module and used for grouting; the rock stratum grouting plug overcomes the existing rock grouting pain points, uses a drilling video to make an electronic rock core, uses the electronic rock core to plan in advance, visually installs the grouting plug on site, visually monitors the grouting process in the borehole, timely handles the leakage in the grouting process, and realizes a more precise, efficient and low-carbon grouting process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of seepage control construction technology in water conservancy and hydropower engineering, and more specifically to a rock stratum grouting plug and a bottom-up visual grouting method. Background Technology

[0002] Due to the complex reasons such as the diverse origins, development, and environmental influences, rocks in nature exhibit different structural surfaces and characteristic fractures, which affect the mechanical properties of the rock mass. In order to meet the needs of human engineering, drilling and grouting are usually carried out on rock formations that cannot meet the engineering requirements to improve their seepage prevention and strength performance.

[0003] Traditional rock drilling grouting methods typically include top-down segmented grouting, bottom-up segmented grouting, combined segmented grouting, and borehole sealing grouting, depending on the location of the grout plug and the construction sequence. The appropriate grouting method is selected based on the degree of rock fissure development.

[0004] The installation of grout plugs is a crucial step in the aforementioned grouting methods. Since the core recovery rate of grouting boreholes is affected by numerous factors such as rock integrity, rock strength, operator skill, and core-taking tools, traditional grouting methods offer poor guidance for grout plug installation. Generally, grout plugs are installed in sections of 5 meters in length. Grout plug installation often results in significant grout snagging at the installation location due to rock fractures or developed fissures, necessitating relocation and reinstallation of the grout plug. In some cases, grout leakage from rock fissures during grouting can cause the grout plug to become stuck in the hole, leading to hole defects. This severely impacts construction efficiency and grouting quality, and easily results in substantial waste of cement grout. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a rock formation grouting plug and a bottom-up visualized grouting method, which aims to overcome the above-mentioned pain points of rock grouting. It utilizes borehole video recording to create electronic rock cores, uses electronic rock cores for advance planning, visualizes the installation of grouting plugs on site, visualizes and monitors the grouting process in the borehole, and promptly handles leakage during the grouting process, thereby achieving a more precise, efficient and low-carbon grouting process.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A rock formation grouting plug includes an underwater imaging module for collecting and displaying the conditions inside a borehole, and a water pressure expansion grouting plug module connected to the underwater imaging module for grouting.

[0007] Preferably, the underwater imaging module includes a bent grouting pipe, a threaded end, a reinforcing steel strip, and a miniature imaging unit; The bent grouting pipe has flat ends and an inwardly recessed groove in the middle. The number of threaded ends is two, and the two threaded ends are respectively fixedly connected to both ends of the bent grouting pipe; The reinforcing steel strip is located on the opposite side of the groove of the bent grouting pipe and forms a receiving space with the groove of the bent grouting pipe. The two ends of the reinforcing steel strip are respectively fixedly connected to the two threaded ends. The miniature imaging unit is located within the receiving space formed by the groove of the reinforcing steel strip and the bent grouting pipe, and is detachably connected to the reinforcing steel strip.

[0008] Preferably, the threaded end is a ring structure with internal threads.

[0009] Preferably, the miniature imaging unit includes an underwater LED light and a high-resolution wide-angle miniature camera; a plurality of the underwater LED lights are arranged around the high-resolution wide-angle miniature camera.

[0010] Preferably, the water pressure expansion grouting plug module includes a central grout pipe and a jack base, a miniature annular jack, an annular rubber plug, and a thrust base, which are sleeved on the outer surface of the central grout pipe and arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the central grout pipe; the number of annular rubber plugs is multiple, and a rigid plastic pad is arranged between every two annular rubber plugs.

[0011] Preferably, the two ends of the central slurry tube protrude from the jack base and the thrust base respectively, and the protruding portions are provided with external threads; the central slurry tube is welded and fixed to the jack base, and the central slurry tube is threadedly connected to the thrust base; the portion of the central slurry tube protruding from the jack base is threadedly connected to the threaded end.

[0012] Preferably, the water pressure expansion grouting plug module further includes a high-pressure thin tube, which passes through the two threaded ends and the jack base, and is connected to the miniature annular jack.

[0013] Preferably, the underwater imaging module further includes an image transmission cable, which is electrically connected to the miniature imaging unit.

[0014] This invention also provides a bottom-up visualization grouting method, comprising the following steps: S1. Complete drilling and flush the hole, and use underwater imaging module B and supporting equipment to record digital video inside the hole; S2. Produce the whole hole digital core and determine the jamming location; S3. Install the aforementioned rock formation grouting plug and confirm the reserved plug location; S4. The hand pump drives the water pressure expansion grouting plug module and locks the miniature ring jack. S5. Inject grout according to specifications and design, and observe for leakage. S6. After completing the next grouting section, release the pressure from the hand pump and then install the plug from the previous grouting section. S7. Repeat steps S4-S6 to complete the precise grouting of the entire hole from bottom to top.

[0015] Preferably, the underwater imaging module B includes an internally threaded end, a cable center end, a high-pixel wide-angle miniature camera B, and an underwater LED light B; The internally threaded end is a ring structure with internal threads; The cable center end has a cable slot, and the cable center end is threadedly connected to the internal thread end; The high-pixel wide-angle miniature camera B is fixedly connected to the internal thread end; Multiple underwater LED lights B are arranged around the high-pixel wide-angle miniature camera B.

[0016] As can be seen from the above technical solution, compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses a rock formation grouting plug and a bottom-up visualized grouting method, which has the following beneficial effects: This invention overcomes the pain points of existing rock grouting by using borehole video recording to create electronic rock cores, using electronic rock cores for advance planning, visually installing grouting plugs on site, visually monitoring the grouting process inside the borehole, and promptly handling leakage during the grouting process, thus achieving a more precise, efficient, and low-carbon grouting process.

[0017] This invention adopts a modular design, where only the accessory is replaced if it is damaged, overcoming the disadvantage of traditional water pressure expansion capsule grouting double plugs, where the entire grouting double plug is scrapped once damaged. The water pressure expansion grouting plug of this invention is modularly designed, using a jack to compress multiple separated annular rubber plugs to achieve segmented sealing of grouting. It has the advantages of higher pressure resistance, good sealing performance, easy replacement of vulnerable parts, low operating cost, and long service life. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the underwater imaging module structure provided by the present invention; Figure 3A schematic diagram of the water pressure expansion grouting plug module provided by the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the underwater imaging module B provided by the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the micro imaging unit structure provided by the present invention; in 1. Underwater imaging module; 2. Hydraulic expansion grouting plug module; 3. Bending grouting pipe; 4. Threaded end; 5. Reinforcing steel strip; 6. Miniature imaging unit; 7. Central grouting pipe; 8. Jack base; 9. Miniature ring jack; 10. Ring rubber plug; 11. Thrust base; 12. Hard plastic pad; 13. High-pressure thin tube; 14. Transmission image cable; 15. Internal threaded end; 16. Cable center end; 17. High-pixel wide-angle miniature camera B; 18. Underwater LED lighting B. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] See Figure 1-5 This invention discloses a rock formation grouting plug, including an underwater imaging module 1 for collecting and displaying the conditions inside the borehole, and a water pressure expansion grouting plug module 2 connected to the underwater imaging module 1 for grouting.

[0022] To further optimize the above technical solution, the underwater imaging module 1 includes a bent grouting pipe 3, a threaded end 4, a reinforcing steel strip 5, and a miniature imaging unit 6. The two ends of the bent grouting pipe 3 are flat, and the middle is concave to form a groove; There are two threaded ends 4, which are fixedly connected to both ends of the bent grouting pipe 3 respectively; The reinforcing steel strip 5 is located on the opposite side of the groove of the bent grouting pipe 3 and forms a receiving space with the groove of the bent grouting pipe 3. The two ends of the reinforcing steel strip 5 are respectively fixedly connected to two threaded ends 4. The miniature imaging unit 6 is located in the receiving space formed by the groove of the reinforcing steel strip 5 and the bent grouting pipe 3, and is detachably connected to the reinforcing steel strip 5.

[0023] To further optimize the above technical solution, the threaded end 4 is a ring structure with internal threads.

[0024] To further optimize the above technical solution, the miniature imaging unit 6 includes an underwater LED light and a high-resolution wide-angle miniature camera; multiple underwater LED lights are arranged around the high-resolution wide-angle miniature camera.

[0025] In this embodiment, the underwater imaging module 1 is used on the top of the grouting plug for detailed confirmation of the installation of the borehole wall at the grouting plug location, and for monitoring the changes in the water in the upper part of the grouting plug during the grouting process. The underwater imaging module 1 includes a bent grouting pipe 3, a threaded end 4, a reinforcing steel strip 5, and a miniature imaging unit 6. The threaded end 4 is a steel ring with a central internal thread, which can be connected to the external thread of the central grouting pipe 7. The threaded ends 4 at both ends are welded to a bent grouting pipe 3 formed by machine bending. The circular space in the middle of the bent grouting pipe 3 is fully connected. On the other side opposite to the groove of the bent grouting pipe 3, a rectangular reinforcing steel strip 5 is welded to the threaded ends 4 at both ends to provide reinforcement, forming a relatively complete module structure.

[0026] The miniature imaging unit 6 is positioned at the center of the gap between the bent grouting pipe 3 and the reinforcing steel strip 5. It takes photos or videos of the surrounding hole wall through the gap between the bent grouting pipe 3 and the reinforcing steel strip 5. The threaded end 4 at the end away from the water pressure expansion grouting plug module 2 has a through hole for the image control cable and the high-pressure thin tube 13. The threaded end 4 at the other end has a groove to facilitate the passage and connection of the high-pressure thin tube 13. The miniature imaging unit 6 is connected to the reinforcing steel strip 5 by bolts or by clips and slots. This is a conventional technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0027] The miniature imaging unit 6 is equipped with an underwater LED light and a high-resolution wide-angle miniature camera. The LED light group is arranged around the head of the high-resolution wide-angle miniature camera at a 45-degree angle to the hole wall. It can monitor, photograph, or record the situation inside the hole in real time. The underwater imaging module 1 can be removed separately without affecting the use of the grouting plug. The underwater LED light and the high-resolution wide-angle miniature camera are both existing conventional structural equipment and will not be described in detail here.

[0028] To further optimize the above technical solution, the water pressure expansion grouting plug module 2 includes a central grout pipe 7 and a jack base 8, a miniature annular jack 9, an annular rubber plug 10 and a thrust base 11 arranged sequentially on the outer surface of the central grout pipe 7 and along the axial direction of the central grout pipe 7; there are multiple annular rubber plugs 10, and a rigid plastic pad 12 is arranged between every two annular rubber plugs 10.

[0029] To further optimize the above technical solution, the two ends of the central slurry pipe 7 protrude from the jack base 8 and the thrust base 11 respectively, and the protruding parts are provided with external threads; the central slurry pipe 7 is welded and fixed to the jack base 8, and the central slurry pipe 7 is threadedly connected to the thrust base 11; the part of the central slurry pipe 7 protruding from the jack base 8 is threadedly connected to the threaded end 4.

[0030] To further optimize the above technical solution, a high-pressure thin tube 13 is also included. After passing through two threaded ends 4 and the jack base 8, the high-pressure thin tube 13 is connected to the miniature ring jack 9.

[0031] To further optimize the above technical solution, an image transmission cable 14 is also included, which is electrically connected to the miniature image unit 6.

[0032] In this embodiment, the water pressure expansion grouting plug module 2 is mainly composed of a central grout pipe 7 with external threads at both ends. Along the axial direction of the central grout pipe 7, a jack base 8, a miniature ring jack 9, a ring-shaped rubber plug 10, and a thrust base 11 are arranged in sequence. The jack base 8 is a ring-shaped base, which is welded and fixed to the central grout pipe 7 along the joint. A high-pressure thin tube 13 through hole is drilled at a suitable position on the ring for arranging the high-pressure thin tube 13. After that, the ring-shaped miniature ring jack 9, the ring-shaped rubber plug 10, the ring-shaped hard plastic pad 12, and the thrust base 11 with internal threads are arranged in sequence. The miniature ring jack 9 can be single-acting or double-acting (double-acting requires two high-pressure thin tubes 13). The high-pressure thin tube 13 is connected to the liquid medium inlet of the miniature ring jack 9.

[0033] High-pressure liquid medium drives the micro-ring jack 9 through the high-pressure thin tube 13, compressing the annular rubber plug 10 along the axis of the grouting pipe and expanding it to the periphery to seal the grouting hole wall. The high-pressure medium pressure is released or reversed to retract the micro-ring jack 9, loosening the grouting plug, which can then move up and down easily.

[0034] The water pressure expansion grouting plug of this invention is designed in a modular manner. It uses a jack to compress multiple separated annular rubber plugs 10 to achieve segmented sealing of grouting. It has the advantages of being able to withstand higher pressure, having good sealing performance, easy replacement of vulnerable parts, low operating cost, and long service life.

[0035] Existing top-down rock grouting methods typically involve drilling the grouting hole to the designed depth in one go. Except for the pilot hole, core sampling is generally not required to improve efficiency. Then, starting from the bottom of the hole, grouting plugs are installed segment by segment upwards, with each segment generally about 5 meters long. Pressure grouting is then performed sequentially, with the grouting pressure designed based on geological conditions or determined by field tests, until the pressure grouting reaches the borehole opening. In contrast, the bottom-up visual rock grouting method of this invention utilizes video recording inside the borehole to create digital rock cores, pre-determines the location of plugs in the grouting segments, and continuously grouts each segment from bottom to top until the entire borehole is grouted.

[0036] This invention provides a bottom-up visual grouting method, comprising the following steps: S1. Complete drilling and flush the hole, and use underwater imaging module B and supporting equipment to record digital video inside the hole; Typically, after drilling is completed, the borehole is flushed with high-pressure water or air to prevent drill dust from clogging rock fissures. After flushing, grouting is performed in sections. Since the cost of existing borehole digital video recording equipment has been greatly reduced, the time required for borehole digital video recording using underwater imaging module B and supporting equipment is not long, providing accurate basic data for subsequent plugging and grouting processes. The supporting equipment can be existing conventional structures such as drill rods, which will not be described in detail here.

[0037] S2. Produce the whole hole digital core and determine the jamming location; Using a mature computer digital core software system, the parameters of the underwater video recording and image module B (descent or elevation) are converted into digital cores. Since borehole cores inevitably experience wear, digital cores can more completely present the rock occurrence and fracture conditions within the borehole. The locations of the plugs are on the digital core, and the positions and corresponding depths of each plug are predetermined based on the integrity of the rock. The computer digital core software system is an existing conventional technology and can be used, so it will not be described in detail here.

[0038] S3. Confirm the location of the pre-ordered grout plug in the rock formation; A rock formation grouting plug with an underwater imaging module 1 is fully installed at the end of the grouting pipe. The plug is lowered to a predetermined position at the bottom. The underwater imaging module 1 is used to observe the position of the plug above and below, and the position of the plug is confirmed or adjusted according to the rock conditions.

[0039] S4. The hand pump drives the water pressure expansion grouting plug module and locks the miniature ring jack 9; A water pressure pump drives a miniature ring jack 9 to axially compress the ring rubber plug, thereby achieving radial expansion to seal the plug hole section, thus sealing the grouting section and keeping the hand pump in a locked state.

[0040] S5. Inject grout according to specifications and design, and observe for leakage. After the plug is completed, grouting is carried out according to the designed grout and pressure. During the grouting process, the water condition above the plug is observed in real time by the underwater imaging module 1 to determine whether there is plug leakage or seepage of the upper rock, and to assist in adjusting the grouting pressure until the grouting end standard is met.

[0041] S6. After completing the next grouting section, release the pressure from the hand pump and then install the plug from the previous grouting section. S7. Repeat steps S4-S6 to complete the precise grouting of the entire hole from bottom to top.

[0042] After completing the next grouting section, release the pressure from the hand pump and install the plug for the next grouting section. Continue this process from bottom to top to complete the precise grouting of the entire hole.

[0043] The entire grouting process overcomes the blockage and blindness of the traditional bottom-up grouting method, reduces rework, reduces cement grout loss, improves grouting efficiency, and also improves the quality of rock strata grouting.

[0044] To further optimize the above technical solution, the underwater imaging module B includes an internal thread end 15, a cable center end 16, a high-pixel wide-angle miniature camera B17, and an underwater LED light B18. The internal thread end 15 is a ring structure with internal threads; The cable center end 16 has a cable slot, and the cable center end 16 is threadedly connected to the internal thread end 15; The high-resolution wide-angle miniature camcorder B17 is fixedly connected to the internal thread end 15; Multiple underwater LED lights B18 are arranged around a high-resolution wide-angle miniature camera B17.

[0045] In this embodiment, the underwater imaging module B is integrated with an internally threaded end 15, a cable center end 16, an image control cable, an underwater LED light B18, and a high-pixel wide-angle miniature camera B17. The underwater LED light B18 is arranged in two rings around the high-pixel wide-angle miniature camera B17, with the outer ring angled at 45 degrees to the borehole wall and the inner ring providing direct illumination. The cable center end 16, which has external threads and cable slots, and the internally threaded end 15 are made of metal cylinders and can be tightly connected and separated by threads. When connected, the underwater imaging module B can be suspended by a high-strength control cable. When separated, a drill rod or grouting pipe can be connected to the internally threaded end 15 of the underwater imaging module B to record video, take photos, or monitor the borehole wall and water in real time.

[0046] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the apparatus disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the method section.

[0047] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A grouting plug for rock formations, characterized in that, It includes an underwater imaging module for collecting and displaying the conditions inside the borehole, and a water pressure expansion grouting plug module connected to the underwater imaging module for grouting. The underwater imaging module includes a bent grouting pipe, a threaded end, a reinforcing steel strip, and a miniature imaging unit. The bent grouting pipe has flat ends and an inwardly recessed groove in the middle. The number of threaded ends is two, and the two threaded ends are respectively fixedly connected to both ends of the bent grouting pipe; The reinforcing steel strip is located on the opposite side of the groove of the bent grouting pipe and forms a receiving space with the groove of the bent grouting pipe. The two ends of the reinforcing steel strip are respectively fixedly connected to the two threaded ends. The miniature imaging unit is located within the receiving space formed by the groove of the reinforcing steel strip and the bent grouting pipe, and is detachably connected to the reinforcing steel strip; The miniature imaging unit includes an underwater LED light and a high-resolution wide-angle miniature camera; multiple underwater LED lights are arranged around the high-resolution wide-angle miniature camera; The water pressure expansion grouting plug module includes a central grout pipe and a jack base, a miniature annular jack, an annular rubber plug, and a thrust base, which are sleeved on the outer surface of the central grout pipe and arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the central grout pipe; there are multiple annular rubber plugs, and a rigid plastic pad is arranged between every two annular rubber plugs. The two ends of the central slurry tube protrude from the jack base and the thrust base respectively, and the protruding parts are provided with external threads; the central slurry tube is welded and fixed to the jack base, and the central slurry tube is threadedly connected to the thrust base; the part of the central slurry tube protruding from the jack base is threadedly connected to the threaded end. The water pressure expansion grouting plug module also includes a high-pressure thin tube, which passes through the two threaded ends and the jack base, and is connected to the miniature annular jack.

2. A rock formation grouting plug according to claim 1, characterized in that, The threaded end is a ring structure with internal threads.

3. A rock formation grouting plug according to claim 1, characterized in that, The underwater imaging module also includes an image transmission cable, which is electrically connected to the miniature imaging unit.

4. A bottom-up visual grouting method, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Complete drilling and flush the hole, and use underwater imaging module B and supporting equipment to record digital video inside the hole; S2. Produce the whole hole digital core and determine the jamming location; S3. The rock formation grouting plug according to any one of claims 1-3 is used to confirm the predetermined jamming position; S4. The hand pump drives the water pressure expansion grouting plug module and locks the miniature ring jack. S5. Inject grout according to specifications and design, and observe for leakage. S6. After completing the next grouting section, release the pressure from the hand pump and then install the plug from the previous grouting section. S7. Repeat steps S4-S6 to complete the precise grouting of the entire hole from bottom to top. The underwater imaging module B includes an internally threaded end, a cable center end, a high-pixel wide-angle miniature camera B, and an underwater LED light B; The internally threaded end is a ring structure with internal threads; The cable center end has a cable slot, and the cable center end is threadedly connected to the internal thread end; The high-pixel wide-angle miniature camera B is fixedly connected to the internal thread end; Multiple underwater LED lights B are arranged around the high-pixel wide-angle miniature camera B.

Images