A method for reinforcing an irregular rubble wall

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of rubble wall reinforcement, and particularly relates to a method for reinforcing irregular rubble walls. The method not only maintains the original appearance of the rubble wall, but also effectively improves the rigidity and integrity of the rubble wall for irregular rubble walls.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of rubble wall reinforcement, and specifically to a method for reinforcing irregular rubble walls. Background Technology

[0002] Stone is one of the earliest building materials used by humankind. Due to its high compressive strength and durability, it has been widely used, and most of the historical sites and buildings preserved both domestically and internationally are stone structures. During a nationwide survey of rural houses, it was discovered that many stone masonry houses still exist in rural areas. The masonry walls are mostly constructed by dry-laying whole stones with mortar or by haphazardly piling up crushed stones. The mortar strength is low, and the mortar joints are poorly filled. The structures lack seismic design features, resulting in poor overall integrity and seismic performance. Therefore, seismic reinforcement of such houses is a key focus of urban and rural construction work.

[0003] Existing methods for reinforcing rubble masonry walls mainly include reinforced concrete mortar reinforcement, external steel reinforcement, FRP (fiber reinforced plastic) reinforcement, and pressure grouting reinforcement. However, most of these methods affect the appearance of the stone structure, failing to preserve the unique characteristics of stone houses. Furthermore, they are only suitable for reinforcing neat rubble walls and are unsuitable for houses constructed with rubble or haphazardly piled stones. In contemporary times, stone masonry buildings are not only used for residential purposes but are also highly sought after and chosen by modern people due to their aesthetic and cultural value. Therefore, simply demolishing and rebuilding rubble masonry is not advisable. Researching simple, economical, and durable reinforcement methods is a reasonable choice under the current circumstances. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a method for reinforcing irregular rubble masonry walls. This method not only maintains the original aesthetics of the rubble masonry wall's outer surface but also effectively improves its rigidity and integrity. Furthermore, it allows for secondary reinforcement later on, based on the actual condition of the wall.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A method for reinforcing an irregular rubble wall, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1. Use a high-pressure water gun to wash the rubble wall to be reinforced and remove severely weathered bonding materials;

[0007] S2. Determine the location of the wall punching hole, punch a hole along the horizontal direction of the wall at the larger gap, penetrating the entire wall thickness, and install a sleeve 4 inside the punching hole;

[0008] S3. Drill holes 5 in the large rubble stones around the horizontal punching point on the outer wall.

[0009] S4. Install the steel bar hook 6 so that the rubble drill hole 5 is engaged with the steel bar hook 6, and the through steel bar 3 is connected to the inner wall through the sleeve 4.

[0010] S5. A steel mesh 1 is installed in the inner wall. Anchor steel plates 2 are welded to the steel mesh 1 so that the through steel bars 3 pass through the anchor steel plates 2. Then, the gap inside the sleeve 4 is filled with cement mortar, and the steel mesh 1 and the inner wall are reinforced by grouting to form a cement mortar surface layer 9.

[0011] S6. After the mortar has hardened, use shims 11 and nuts 12 to tighten the wall as a whole.

[0012] S7. Cut off the protruding steel bars on the wall surface, and then carry out the decorative surface construction to finally obtain the decorative layer 8.

[0013] Preferably, the irregular rubble wall is not limited to stone walls, but can also be used for masonry walls such as crushed stone walls and brick walls.

[0014] Preferably, in step S2, the punching location is selected at a point where there is a large gap in the horizontal direction of the wall, and a round hole is made to penetrate the entire wall thickness. When the punching distance is greater than 0.5m, additional punching is performed around the smaller rubble stones.

[0015] Preferably, in step S2, the sleeve material is steel pipe, fiber pipe or composite pipe.

[0016] Preferably, in step S3, the cross-sectional area of ​​the rubble masonry of the outer wall is greater than 0.3m². 2 At that time, the drilling depth was 10-15mm, and the outer cross-sectional area of ​​the rubble was less than 0.3m². 2 The drilling depth is 8-10mm.

[0017] Preferably, in step S3, at least three non-collinear points are selected around the large rubble for punching holes and for fixing with steel bar hooks to form a triangular fixing structure.

[0018] Preferably, in step S4, the overall length of the reinforcing bar is 30-60 mm longer than the thickness of the rubble wall, the hook length is 30 mm, and the diameter of the reinforcing bar is 8 mm or 10 mm.

[0019] Preferably, in step S4, a protective sleeve is provided outside the reinforcing bar, wherein the diameter d of the protective sleeve should be smaller than the diameter of the circular hole in the anchoring steel plate.

[0020] Preferably, in step S5, the bottom of the inner wall steel mesh is fixed to the foundation stone by rebar installation, and the upper part is set with anchor steel plates according to the punching position. The anchor steel plates are welded to the steel mesh, and the through steel bars are fixed to the steel mesh and reinforced by grouting after passing through the anchor steel plates.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0022] 1. This method can effectively protect and maintain stone masonry farmhouses and ancient stone masonry buildings with hundreds of years of history without changing the building's usable area and appearance.

[0023] 2. This method innovatively adopts a horizontal hook bolt tie structure, which can effectively improve the connection performance of the inner and outer walls for irregular rubble walls.

[0024] 3. This method uses bolts for fastening, and secondary reinforcement can be carried out later according to the actual use of the wall.

[0025] 4. In this method, the vertical reinforcing bars of the steel mesh are installed using a rebar anchoring method, which can effectively improve the integrity of the wall and is conducive to the stability of the wall's force transmission.

[0026] 5. In this method, the wall reinforcement uses a stable triangular fixing structure for rubble, which effectively improves the overall integrity of the building.

[0027] 6. The mortar used in this method is high-strength mortar, which can effectively enhance the structural strength. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the wall reinforcement structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the arrangement of the internal wall steel mesh according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the reinforced rubble wall according to the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Detailed index of ① Figure 1 ;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the sleeve of the present invention;

[0033] The labels in the diagram represent: 1. Rebar (wire) mesh; 2. Anchor plate; 3. Through rebar; 4. Sleeve; 5. Stone drilling; 6. Rebar hook; 7. Triangular fixing structure; 8. Finishing layer; 9. Cement mortar (concrete) surface layer; 10. Rebar protective sleeve; 11. Washer; 12. Nut; 13. Thread. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The following embodiments are intended to enable those skilled in the art to more fully understand the present invention, but are not intended to limit the invention to the scope of the embodiments described.

[0035] Example

[0036] Reference Figures 1 to 5A method for reinforcing an irregular rubble wall, comprising an outer wall and an inner wall; the outer wall is perforated and filled with a sleeve 4; larger rubble stones around the perforated outer wall are drilled with holes 5, and then steel bar hooks 6 are used to fit into the drilled holes; the inner wall is integrated with the stone wall by laying steel mesh 1 and grouting; a through steel bar 3 is provided inside the sleeve 4, one end of the through steel bar 3 is a hook 6, and the other end is threaded 13; the irregular rubble wall is reinforced by the through steel bar 3 to tighten the outer wall and the inner wall.

[0037] Specifically, refer to Figure 1 Irregular rubble walls are not limited to stone walls; they can also be used for masonry walls such as crushed stone walls and brick walls.

[0038] Specifically, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3 The number of holes is determined based on the density of the rubble in the wall. Priority is given to punching around the larger rubble in the horizontal direction of the wall. When the distance between holes is greater than 0.5m, additional holes are punched around the smaller rubble. The holes are punched through the entire wall thickness. The inside of the holes is filled with a sleeve 4 made of steel pipe, but it can also be made of fiber pipe, composite pipe, etc.

[0039] Specifically, refer to Figure 1 The cross-sectional area of ​​the rubble masonry exterior wall is greater than 0.3m². 2 Drilling is performed on the rubble, with the drilling depth controlled at 10-15mm, when the outer cross-sectional area of ​​the rubble is less than 0.3m². 2 The drilling depth should be controlled at 8-10mm, and a corresponding size steel bar hook 6 should be matched to fit into the drill hole 5. During drilling, vibration reduction measures should be taken to reduce damage to the wall.

[0040] Specifically, refer to Figure 1 To prevent the stability of the exterior wall from being reduced due to unidirectional tension of large rubble stones, at least three non-collinear points should be punched around the large rubble stones and steel bar hooks should be installed for fixing to form a stable triangular fixing structure, thereby improving the overall integrity of the wall.

[0041] Specifically, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The bottom of the inner wall steel mesh 1 is fixed to the foundation stone by rebar anchoring. Anchor steel plates 2 are installed at the top according to the punching positions. The anchor steel plates 2 are welded to the steel mesh 1, and the through rebars 3 pass through the anchor steel plates 2. Grouting is used to fix the steel mesh and reinforce the inner wall.

[0042] Specifically, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 5The internal dimensions of sleeve 4 are determined based on the actual situation, such as the size of the reinforcing bars and the number of holes drilled in the rubble. Generally, 8mm or 10mm diameter reinforcing bars are selected. When there are 4 reinforcing bars, the diameter of sleeve 4 is selected as 24-30mm. A protective sleeve 10 is provided on the outside of the reinforcing bars. The diameter d of the protective sleeve 10 should be smaller than the diameter D of the circular hole in the anchoring steel plate 2 to facilitate operation and construction and to prevent the reinforcing bars from being unable to be tightened by the thread 13 during grouting. First, let the protective sleeve pass through the circular hole of the anchoring steel plate, and then fix it with cement mortar (concrete). The location of the wall and the protective sleeve of the fixed steel bar is determined, and then the protective sleeve of the excess anchor steel plate is cut off. Finally, the nuts are tensioned. One end of the through steel bar 3 is set as a hook 6 and the other end is set as a thread 13. The overall length and hook length are determined based on the wall thickness, cement mortar layer 9, and finishing layer 8. For example, if the wall thickness is 400mm, the cement mortar layer is 920mm, and the finishing layer is 88-10mm, then a steel bar with an overall length of 460mm and a hook length of 30mm is selected, and the steel bar has been treated with anti-corrosion.

[0043] Specifically, refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 The outer protective sleeve 10 is adjusted by the steel bars 3 of the anchoring steel plate 2, and then the wall is tightened as a whole by using the gasket 11 and nut 12. The tightening degree of the wall can be adjusted later according to the actual reinforcement situation.

[0044] This invention also discloses a method for reinforcing irregular rubble walls, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0045] S1. Use a high-pressure water gun to wash the rubble wall to be reinforced and remove severely weathered bonding materials;

[0046] S2. Determine the location of the wall punching hole, punch a hole along the horizontal direction of the wall at the larger gap, penetrating the entire wall thickness, and install a sleeve 4 inside the punching hole;

[0047] S3. Drill holes 5 in the large rubble stones around the horizontal punching point on the outer wall.

[0048] S4. Install the steel bar hook 6 so that the rubble drill hole 5 is engaged with the steel bar hook 6, and the through steel bar 3 is connected to the inner wall through the sleeve 4.

[0049] S5. A steel mesh 1 is installed in the inner wall. Anchor steel plates 2 are welded to the steel mesh 1 so that the through steel bars 3 pass through the anchor steel plates 2. Then, the gap inside the sleeve 4 is filled with cement mortar, and the steel mesh 1 and the inner wall are reinforced by grouting to form a cement mortar surface layer 9.

[0050] S6. After the mortar has hardened, use shims 11 and nuts 12 to tighten the wall as a whole.

[0051] S7. Cut off the protruding steel bars on the wall surface, and then carry out the decorative surface construction to finally obtain the decorative layer 8.

[0052] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for reinforcing an irregular rubble wall, comprising the following steps: S1. Use a high-pressure water gun to wash the rubble wall to be reinforced and remove severely weathered bonding materials; S2. Determine the location of the wall punching hole, punch a hole through the entire wall thickness at the larger gap along the horizontal direction of the wall, and install a sleeve inside the punching hole (4). S3. Drill holes around the larger rubble stones at the horizontal punching point on the outer wall (5). S4. Install the steel bar hook (6) so that the rubble drill hole (5) and the steel bar hook (6) are engaged, and the through steel bar (3) is connected to the inner wall through the sleeve (4); S5. A steel mesh (1) is installed in the inner wall. Anchor steel plates (2) are welded to the steel mesh (1) so that the through steel bars (3) pass through the anchor steel plates (2). Then, cement mortar is used to fill the gap inside the sleeve (4), and the steel mesh (1) and the inner wall are reinforced by grouting to form a cement mortar surface layer (9). S6. After the mortar has hardened, use the shims (11) and nuts (12) to tighten the wall as a whole. S7. Cut off the protruding steel bars on the wall surface, and then carry out the decorative surface construction to finally obtain the decorative layer (8).

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the punching location is selected at a place where there is a large gap in the horizontal direction of the wall, and a round hole is made to penetrate the entire wall thickness. When the punching distance is greater than 0.5m, additional punching is carried out around the smaller rubble stones.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the casing material is steel pipe, fiber pipe or composite pipe.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the cross-sectional area of ​​the rubble masonry of the outer wall is greater than 0.3m². 2 At that time, the drilling depth was 10-15mm, and the outer cross-sectional area of ​​the rubble was less than 0.3m². 2 The drilling depth is 8-10mm.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, at least three non-collinear points are selected around the horizontal perforation of the outer wall rubble for perforation and steel bar hooks are installed for fixing to form a triangular fixing structure.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the overall length of the reinforcing bar is 30-60mm longer than the thickness of the rubble wall, the hook length is 30mm, and the diameter of the reinforcing bar is 8mm or 10mm.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, a protective sleeve is provided outside the reinforcing bar, wherein the diameter d of the protective sleeve should be smaller than the diameter of the circular hole in the anchoring steel plate.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5, the bottom of the inner wall steel mesh is fixed to the foundation stone by rebar installation, and the upper part is set with anchor steel plates according to the punching position. The anchor steel plates are welded to the steel mesh, and the through steel bars are fixed to the steel mesh and reinforced by grouting after passing through the anchor steel plates.

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