A pulsed discharge aerosol fire extinguishing device and method having exhaust grooves

Abstract

The application discloses a pulse spraying type aerosol fire extinguishing device and method provided with exhaust grooves, which comprises a cylinder body and a fire extinguishing agent column arranged in the cylinder body, a front cover is arranged on the front side of the cylinder body, a spray opening is formed in the surface of the front cover, the fire extinguishing agent column is connected with one end of a starting part, a piston which is in sliding cooperation with the cylinder body is arranged in the region between the fire extinguishing agent column and the spray opening, a plurality of groups of exhaust grooves are arranged on the inner side of the cylinder body in the axial direction, and the thickness of the piston is smaller than the interval between the upper end and the lower end of the exhaust grooves; through cooperation of the piston and the exhaust grooves, the fire extinguishing agent is intermittently sprayed from the spray opening, a continuous pulse spraying process can be realized, the pressure in the battery box is periodically increased and reduced, the combustible gas in the battery in the battery box can be completely exhausted, and the risk of rekindling is prevented.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of new energy battery fire extinguishing technology, in particular to a pulse spraying type aerosol fire extinguishing device and method with exhaust grooves. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, aerosol fire extinguishing devices are often prepared in the battery compartment of new energy batteries to extinguish the fire in the battery. When the battery is in thermal runaway, a large amount of flammable gas escapes from the battery and enters the battery box (i.e. the battery compartment where the battery is located). At this time, after the aerosol fire extinguishing device is started, due to the large gas production of the traditional aerosol fire extinguishing device, the aerosol fire extinguishing agent will quickly fill the entire battery box. In this process, only part of the flammable gas is pushed out of the battery compartment, and more flammable gas will be compressed in the battery due to the large gas production of the aerosol fire extinguishing device during spraying, so that the positive pressure in the battery compartment is too large to completely discharge the flammable gas. Therefore, after the aerosol fire extinguishing device is completed, the pressure in the battery compartment decreases, and a large amount of flammable gas escapes from the battery, which still has the risk of reignition. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the traditional aerosol fire extinguishing device and design a fire extinguishing device that can continuously pulse spray, so as to periodically increase and decrease the pressure in the battery box, thereby solving the above problems. SUMMARY

[0003] The purpose of the present application is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies, provide a pulse spraying type aerosol fire extinguishing device and method with exhaust grooves, which can realize continuous pulse spraying process, so as to periodically increase and decrease the pressure in the battery box, which is beneficial to the complete discharge of flammable gas in the battery inside the battery box, and prevent the risk of reignition.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is: a pulse spraying type aerosol fire extinguishing device with exhaust grooves, comprising a cylinder and a fire extinguishing agent column arranged in the cylinder, a front cover is arranged on the front side of the cylinder, a spray port is arranged on the surface of the front cover, the fire extinguishing agent column is connected with one end of a starting component, a piston which is in sliding cooperation with the cylinder is arranged between the fire extinguishing agent column and the spray port, a plurality of exhaust grooves are arranged on the inner side of the cylinder along the axial direction, and the thickness of the piston is smaller than the distance between the upper end and the lower end of the exhaust groove.

[0005] Preferably, the front cover is threadedly connected with the top of the cylinder, and the bottom of the cylinder is threadedly connected with the rear cover.

[0006] Preferably, the fire extinguishing agent column is a column structure pressed by aerosol generating agent powder.

[0007] Preferably, the starting component is an electric ignition head or a heat-sensitive wire structure, and the end surface of the fire extinguishing agent column is connected with one end of the starting component.

[0008] Preferably, the outer surface of the fire extinguishing agent charge is provided with a silica gel layer.

[0009] Preferably, a limiting rod is further vertically arranged in the barrel, and the limiting rod is in sliding fit with the piston.

[0010] Preferably, the spacing between the groups of exhaust grooves in the axial direction is the same.

[0011] Preferably, the number of exhaust grooves in each group is multiple, and the exhaust grooves are arranged in a ring array on the inner side of the barrel.

[0012] In addition, the application further discloses a fire extinguishing method of the pulse spraying type aerosol fire extinguishing device.

[0013] S1: when the battery in the battery box is in thermal runaway, the starting component ignites the fire extinguishing agent charge, and the fire extinguishing agent charge burns to generate gaseous fire extinguishing substances;

[0014] S2: as the gas production increases, the pressure between the lower side of the piston and the fire extinguishing agent charge gradually increases, and finally the gas thrust overcomes the friction between the piston and the barrel to push the piston to move to the position where the exhaust groove is located;

[0015] S3: when the piston moves to the region of the barrel corresponding to the upper end and the lower end of the exhaust groove, the exhaust groove connects the upper side and the lower side of the piston, the fire extinguishing substances on the lower side of the piston enter the upper side of the piston along the exhaust groove, and then are sprayed out from the nozzle;

[0016] S4: when the piston moves to other regions of the barrel, the upper end or the lower end of the exhaust groove is blocked by the side of the piston, and the fire extinguishing substances cannot pass through the exhaust groove and stop being sprayed from the nozzle;

[0017] S5: steps S3 and S4 are repeated, so that the fire extinguishing substances are intermittently sprayed from the nozzle, and a pulse spraying process is realized;

[0018] S6: the fire extinguishing substances are intermittently sprayed from the nozzle into the battery box; when the gaseous fire extinguishing substances are sprayed into the battery box, the internal pressure of the battery box increases; when the spraying of the fire extinguishing substances stops, the gas in the battery box is discharged from the gap of the box body, so that the internal pressure of the battery box decreases; finally, the pressure in the battery box periodically increases and decreases;

[0019] S7: when the pressure in the battery box increases, the combustible gas diluted by the fire extinguishing substances is pressed out from the gap of the battery box; when the pressure in the battery box decreases, the combustible gas in the battery escapes into the battery box, and the above process is repeatedly cycled.

[0020] The application has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] The present invention cooperates with the piston and the exhaust groove to allow the fire extinguishing material to be intermittently sprayed from the nozzle, which can realize a continuous pulse spraying process, so that the pressure in the battery box increases and decreases periodically, which is beneficial to the complete discharge of the combustible gas inside the battery in the battery box and prevents the risk of re-ignition. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 The diagram is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a pulse spray aerosol fire extinguishing device with an exhaust groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, a pulse spray aerosol fire extinguishing device with exhaust grooves includes a cylinder 1 and a fire extinguishing agent column 2 disposed within the cylinder 1. A front cover 3 is provided on the front side of the cylinder 1, and a nozzle 4 is formed on the surface of the front cover 3. The fire extinguishing agent column 2 is connected to one end of a starting component 2.1. A piston 5 that slides with the cylinder 1 is provided in the area between the fire extinguishing agent column 2 and the nozzle 4. Multiple groups of exhaust grooves 6 are axially provided on the inner side of the cylinder 1. The thickness of the piston 5 is less than the distance between the upper and lower ends of the exhaust grooves 6. In this embodiment, when the thickness of the piston 5 is smaller than the distance between the upper and lower ends of the exhaust groove 6, the exhaust groove 6 can connect the upper and lower areas of the piston 5 only when the piston 5 moves to the area of ​​the cylinder 1 corresponding to the upper and lower ends of the exhaust groove 6, and the fire extinguishing material on the lower side of the piston 5 enters the upper side of the piston 5 along the exhaust groove 6, and then is sprayed out from the nozzle 4; when the piston 5 moves to other positions, one end of the exhaust groove 6 will be blocked by the side of the piston 5. At this time, the upper and lower sides of the piston 5 are independent spatial areas, and the fire extinguishing material can intermittently pass through the exhaust groove 6 and then be intermittently sprayed from the nozzle 4. The following method steps can be seen for details.

[0025] Preferably, the front cover 3 is threadedly connected to the top of the cylinder 1 , and the bottom of the cylinder 1 is threadedly connected to the rear cover 7 .

[0026] Preferably, the fire extinguishing agent charge 2 is a columnar structure formed by pressing aerosol generating agent powder. When the aerosol generating agent burns, it produces a large amount of gas, thereby pushing the piston 5 upward. In addition, the aerosol generating agent pressed into a columnar structure burns more slowly than the powdered aerosol generating agent, which can ensure the continuous release of the fire extinguishing agent.

[0027] Preferably, the starting component 2.1 is an electric ignition head or a heat-sensitive wire structure, and the end face of the extinguishing agent propellant 2 is connected with one end of the starting component 2.1. When the starting component 2.1 is an electric ignition head structure, it can be connected with a fire detection device, which is a temperature sensor and / or a smoke sensor. When a fire, overheating or the like occurs, the fire detection device detects a high-temperature environment in the battery compartment due to the fire, and sends a signal to the microprocessor, which controls the starting component 2.1 to ignite the extinguishing agent propellant 2. When the starting component 2.1 is a heat-sensitive wire structure, the heat-sensitive wire structure can be directly ignited when a fire occurs, and then the heat-sensitive wire directly ignites the extinguishing agent propellant 2, without the need for additional fire detection devices and other external equipment, which is simpler and lower in cost.

[0028] Preferably, the outer surface of the extinguishing agent propellant 2 is provided with a silica gel layer 8. The silica gel layer 8 can effectively insulate the heat generated when the extinguishing agent propellant 2 burns, preventing the surface temperature of the barrel 1 from being too high.

[0029] Preferably, the barrel 1 is also vertically provided with a limiting rod 9, which is in sliding fit with the piston 5. The limiting rod 9 plays a guiding role, and can make the movement of the piston 5 more stable.

[0030] Preferably, the axial direction spacing between the plurality of groups of exhaust grooves 6 is the same. After such design, the frequency of pulse spraying can be ensured to be stable.

[0031] Preferably, the number of each group of exhaust grooves 6 is multiple, and the exhaust grooves 6 are arranged in a ring array on the inner side of the barrel 1. After such design, when the piston 5 moves to the regions of the barrel 1 corresponding to the upper and lower ends of the exhaust grooves 6, the exhaust grooves 6 will connect the upper and lower regions of the piston 5, and the extinguishing agent on the lower side of the piston 5 can uniformly and rapidly enter the upper side of the piston 5 along the plurality of exhaust grooves 6, and then be sprayed out from the nozzle 4.

[0032] In addition, the application also discloses a fire extinguishing method of the pulse spraying type aerosol fire extinguishing device, which comprises the following steps:

[0033] S1: When the battery in the battery box is in thermal runaway, the starting component 2.1 ignites the extinguishing agent propellant 2, and the extinguishing agent propellant 2 burns to generate gaseous extinguishing agent;

[0034] S2: As the gas production increases, the pressure in the region between the lower side of the piston 5 and the extinguishing agent propellant 2 gradually increases, and finally the gas thrust overcomes the friction between the piston 5 and the barrel 1 to drive the piston 5 to move towards the position of the exhaust groove 6;

[0035] S3: When the piston 5 moves to the region of the cylinder 1 corresponding to the upper end and the lower end of the exhaust groove 6, the exhaust groove 6 communicates the upper side and the lower side of the piston 5, the fire extinguishing substance on the lower side of the piston 5 enters the upper side of the piston 5 along the exhaust groove 6, and then is sprayed out from the nozzle 4;

[0036] S4: When the piston 5 moves to other regions of the cylinder 1, the upper end or the lower end of the exhaust groove 6 is blocked by the side of the piston 5, and the fire extinguishing substance cannot pass through the exhaust groove 6 to stop being sprayed from the nozzle;

[0037] S5: Steps S3 and S4 are repeated, so that the fire extinguishing substance is intermittently sprayed from the nozzle 4, realizing the pulse spraying process;

[0038] S6: The fire extinguishing substance is intermittently sprayed from the nozzle 4 into the battery box; when the gaseous fire extinguishing substance is sprayed into the battery box, the internal pressure of the battery box increases; when the fire extinguishing substance stops spraying, the gas in the battery box will be discharged from the gap of the box body, so that the internal pressure of the battery box decreases; finally, the pressure in the battery box periodically increases and decreases; in this step, when the fire extinguishing substance is sprayed out from the nozzle 4 to extinguish the fire in the battery box, the gas in the battery box increases to cause the pressure to increase; when the fire extinguishing substance stops spraying, the gas in the battery box will be discharged from the gap of the box body, so that the internal pressure of the battery box decreases, so the pressure in the battery box periodically increases and decreases.

[0039] S7: When the pressure in the battery box increases, the combustible gas diluted by the fire extinguishing substance will be pressed out from the gap of the battery box; when the pressure in the battery box decreases, the combustible gas in the battery will escape into the battery box, and the above process is repeated. Through the reciprocating cycle of low pressure and high pressure, finally, most of the combustible gas generated in the battery can be continuously discharged from the battery compartment after being diluted by the fire extinguishing substance, and the entire extinguishing process is completed, effectively preventing the risk of rekindling.

[0040] The above embodiments are only preferred technical solutions of the present application, and should not be regarded as limitations of the present application. The embodiments in the application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict. The protection scope of the present application should be based on the technical solutions claimed in the claims, including equivalent replacement solutions of the technical features claimed in the claims. That is, equivalent replacement improvements within this range are also within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A pulse spray type aerosol fire extinguishing device provided with an exhaust groove, comprising a cylinder (1) and a fire extinguishing agent column (2) provided in the cylinder (1), a front cover (3) provided on the front side of the cylinder (1), a nozzle (4) provided on the surface of the front cover (3), the fire extinguishing agent column (2) being connected to one end of a starting component (2.1), characterized in that: A piston (5) that is in sliding engagement with the cylinder (1) is provided in the area between the fire extinguishing agent column (2) and the nozzle (4); a plurality of exhaust grooves (6) are axially provided on the inner side of the cylinder (1); the thickness of the piston (5) is smaller than the distance between the upper end and the lower end of the exhaust groove (6); a limiting rod (9) is vertically provided in the cylinder (1); the limiting rod (9) is in sliding engagement with the piston (5); the number of each exhaust groove (6) is plural, and the exhaust grooves are distributed in a ring array on the inner side of the cylinder (1).

2. The pulse spray aerosol fire extinguishing device with an exhaust groove according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front cover (3) is threadedly connected to the top of the cylinder (1), and the bottom of the cylinder (1) is threadedly connected to the rear cover (7).

3. The pulse spray aerosol fire extinguishing device with an exhaust groove according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fire extinguishing agent column (2) is a column structure formed by pressing aerosol generating agent powder.

4. The pulse spray aerosol fire extinguishing device with an exhaust groove according to claim 1, characterized in that: The starting component (2.1) is an electric ignition head or a thermal wire structure, and the end face of the fire extinguishing agent column (2) is connected to one end of the starting component (2.1).

5. The pulse spray aerosol fire extinguishing device with an exhaust groove according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the fire extinguishing agent column (2) is provided with a silica gel layer (8).

6. The pulse spray aerosol fire extinguishing device with an exhaust groove according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spacing between the multiple groups of exhaust grooves (6) along the axial direction is the same.

7. A fire extinguishing method using the pulse spray aerosol fire extinguishing device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1: When the battery in the battery box experiences thermal runaway, the starting component (2.1) ignites the fire extinguishing agent column (2), and the fire extinguishing agent column (2) burns to produce gaseous fire extinguishing substances; S2: As the gas production increases, the pressure in the area between the lower side of the piston (5) and the fire extinguishing agent column (2) gradually increases, and eventually the gas thrust overcomes the friction between the piston (5) and the cylinder (1) and pushes the piston (5) toward the position of the exhaust groove (6); S3: When the piston (5) moves to the area of ​​the cylinder (1) corresponding to the upper end and the lower end of the exhaust groove (6), the exhaust groove (6) connects the upper and lower areas of the piston (5), and the fire extinguishing material on the lower side of the piston (5) flows along the exhaust groove (6) into the upper side of the piston (5) and is then ejected from the nozzle (4); S4: When the piston (5) moves to other areas of the cylinder (1), the upper end or the lower end of the exhaust groove (6) is blocked by the side of the piston (5), and the fire extinguishing material cannot pass through the exhaust groove (6) and stops being ejected from the nozzle; S5: repeating steps S3 and S4, so that the fire extinguishing material is intermittently sprayed from the nozzle (4), realizing a pulse spraying process; S6: The fire extinguishing substance is intermittently sprayed from the nozzle (4) into the battery box; when the gaseous fire extinguishing substance is sprayed into the battery box, the pressure inside the battery box increases; when the fire extinguishing substance stops spraying, the gas inside the battery box is discharged from the gaps in the box body, causing the pressure inside the battery box to decrease; ultimately, the pressure inside the battery box increases and decreases periodically; S7: When the pressure inside the battery box increases, the combustible gas diluted by the fire extinguishing material will be pressed out from the gaps in the battery box. When the pressure inside the battery box decreases, the combustible gas inside the battery escapes and enters the battery box, and the above process is repeated.

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