Phase-only low sidelobe synthesis method, device, computing medium and electronic equipment

Abstract

The present invention provides a phase-only low-sidelobe synthesis method, device, computing medium, and electronic device suitable for large-angle scanning of planar antenna arrays. The method comprises at least the following steps: Step S1, initializing the excitation phase based on the planar antenna array and the desired scanning angle, and finding the sidelobe region corresponding to the initialized excitation phase; Step S2, constructing an iterative model for phase perturbation, and obtaining the excitation phase corresponding to the number of iterations and the sidelobe region of the corresponding pattern; Step S3, repeating Step S2 until the optimized excitation phase is obtained when the set requirements are met, and calculating the pattern based on the optimized excitation phase. This application can maximize the input power of the array, increase the equivalent isotropically radiated power, and efficiently implement a beam scanning function with sidelobe suppression.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of array antennas, and in particular to a phase-only low sidelobe synthesis method, device, calculation medium and electronic equipment. Background Art

[0002] Array antenna technology is widely used in radar, communications, and sonar. By controlling the amplitude and phase of antenna elements in the array, it creates a shaped beam that can precisely point in a specific direction and cover a specific area, enabling target detection, tracking, and communication. High sidelobe levels can lead to false alarms and missed targets, degrading system performance. Therefore, minimizing sidelobe levels is crucial in both military and civilian applications.

[0003] Patent application CN113849977A proposes a low-sidelobe phased array optimization method with controllable channel power loss. This method introduces constraints on the excitation amplitude of each antenna unit. This method reduces the loss of array input power to a certain extent, but still introduces loss of equivalent isotropic radiated power.

[0004] It should be noted that the above introduction to the technical background is merely intended to provide a clear and complete description of the technical solutions of this application and facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art. Simply because these solutions are described in the background technology section of this application, it should not be assumed that the above technical solutions are well known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a complete invention title for solving the problem of large equivalent omnidirectional radiation power loss when the planar array antenna scans at a large angle in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above and other related objectives, the present invention provides a phase-only low sidelobe synthesis method suitable for large-angle scanning of a planar antenna array, the method comprising at least the following steps:

[0007] Step S1, initializing the excitation phase according to the planar antenna array and the desired scanning angle, and finding the sidelobe area corresponding to the initialized excitation phase;

[0008] Step S2, constructing an iterative model of phase perturbation, and obtaining the excitation phase corresponding to the number of iterations and the sidelobe area of ​​the corresponding pattern;

[0009] Step S3, repeating step S2 until the set requirements are met to obtain the optimized excitation phase, and calculating the directivity pattern according to the optimized excitation phase.

[0010] Optionally, the excitation phase is initialized according to the array element spacing and the desired scanning angle of the planar antenna array.

[0011] Optionally, a full-neighborhood seed growing method is used to find the sidelobe regions.

[0012] Alternatively, the process of finding the sidelobe region using the full-neighborhood seed growing method is as follows:

[0013] (1) obtaining a directional pattern according to the initialization excitation phase;

[0014] (2) Use the full-neighborhood seed growing method to find the sidelobe area in the directional pattern.

[0015] Optionally, an iterative convex optimization algorithm is used to construct an iterative model of phase perturbation.

[0016] Optionally, the process of constructing an iterative model of phase perturbation using an iterative convex optimization algorithm is:

[0017] (1) Determine the phase perturbation of the first time and its incentives (l) ;

[0018] (2) According to the first stimulus w (l) Obtain the corresponding direction diagram

[0019] (3) Use the full neighborhood seed growing method to obtain the sidelobe area SLLlogical of the lth iteration (l) , and determine the maximum sidelobe level;

[0020] (4) According to the first phase perturbation and its incentives (l) , Directional Pattern and Sidelobe Area SLLlogical (l) Establish iterative convex optimization constraints;

[0021] (5) After the maximum sidelobe level is minimized and the iterative convex optimization constraints are met, an iterative model of phase perturbation is obtained.

[0022] Optionally, the setting requirement is: the sidelobe level is lower than the expected sidelobe level value or exceeds the maximum number of iterations.

[0023] To achieve the above-mentioned and other related purposes, the present invention further provides a phase-only low sidelobe synthesis device suitable for large-angle scanning of a planar antenna array, the device comprising an initialization processing unit, an iterative model unit, and an optimization scanning unit;

[0024] The initialization processing unit is configured to initialize the excitation phase according to the planar antenna array and the desired scanning angle, and find the sidelobe area corresponding to the initialized excitation phase;

[0025] The iterative model unit is configured to construct an iterative model of phase perturbation and obtain an excitation phase corresponding to the number of iterations and a sidelobe area of ​​the corresponding directional pattern;

[0026] The optimization scanning unit is configured to obtain an optimized excitation phase by performing iterative processing based on an iterative model until a set requirement is met, and calculate a directional pattern according to the optimized excitation phase.

[0027] To achieve the above-mentioned object and other related objects, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which implements the steps of the above-mentioned phase-only low sidelobe synthesis method when processed.

[0028] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose and other related purposes, the present invention also provides an electronic device, comprising a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and runnable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the steps of the above-mentioned phase-only low sidelobe synthesis method when executing the computer program.

[0029] As described above, the phase-only low sidelobe synthesis method, device, computing medium, and electronic device of the present application have the following beneficial effects:

[0030] The present application provides a phase-only low sidelobe synthesis method, device, computing medium, and electronic device suitable for large-angle scanning of planar antenna arrays. The method comprises at least the following steps: Step S1, initializing the excitation phase according to the planar antenna array and the desired scanning angle, and finding the sidelobe region corresponding to the initialized excitation phase; Step S2, constructing an iterative model of phase perturbation, and obtaining the excitation phase corresponding to the number of iterations and the sidelobe region of its corresponding directional pattern; Step S3, repeating Step S2 until the optimized excitation phase is obtained when the set requirements are met, and calculating the directional pattern based on the optimized excitation phase. The present application can achieve large-angle low sidelobe scanning of a planar array antenna by only changing the excitation phase rather than amplitude weighting, maximizing the input power of the array, increasing the equivalent isotropic radiated power, and efficiently realizing the beam scanning function with sidelobe suppression. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 Shown is a flow chart of the phase-only low sidelobe synthesis method of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 It shows the directional pattern of low sidelobe and large angle scanning of the 256-element planar antenna array in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3 It shows a schematic diagram of the phase distribution of a 256-element planar antenna array optimized for low sidelobe and large angle scanning in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 4Shown is a structural schematic diagram of an electronic device in a specific embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention through specific examples. Those skilled in the art will readily understand the other advantages and benefits of the present invention from the disclosure herein. The present invention may also be implemented or applied through various other specific embodiments, and the details in this specification may be modified or altered based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0036] See also Figures 1-4 It should be noted that the diagrams provided in this embodiment are merely schematic illustrations of the basic concept of the present invention. Therefore, the diagrams only show components related to the present invention and are not drawn according to the number, shape, and size of components in actual implementation. In actual implementation, the type, quantity, and proportion of each component may be changed arbitrarily, and the component layout may also be more complex.

[0037] Phase-only low sidelobe technology for array antennas is a method that reduces antenna sidelobes through phase weighting alone. This application aims to maximize input power to the array face, increase equivalent isotropic radiated power, and efficiently achieve beam scanning with sidelobe suppression for wide-angle scanning of planar antenna arrays. Therefore, a phase-only low sidelobe synthesis method, apparatus, computing medium, and electronic equipment are proposed. Synthesis refers to designing array antennas based on tactical and technical requirements.

[0038] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the specific embodiment of the present application also proposes a phase-only low sidelobe synthesis method, the flow chart of which is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, first combine Figure 1 The phase-only low sidelobe synthesis method of the present application is introduced in detail. The method is applicable to large-angle scanning of a planar antenna array and includes at least the following steps:

[0039] Step S1, initializing the excitation phase according to the planar antenna array and the desired scanning angle, and finding the sidelobe area corresponding to the initialized excitation phase;

[0040] In a specific embodiment of the present application, the excitation phase is initialized according to the element spacing and the desired scanning angle of the planar antenna array; more specifically, for an N-element planar antenna array arranged in the XOY plane, the coordinates of the nth element are (x n ,y n ,0), the expected scanning angle is Then the initial excitation phase of the nth array element is for:

[0041]

[0042] Among them, arg{} represents the argument angle, β=2πf / c, f is the operating frequency, and c is the speed of light.

[0043] In a specific embodiment of the present application, the full-neighborhood seed growing method is used to find the sidelobe region; more specifically, the process of finding the sidelobe region using the full-neighborhood seed growing method is as follows:

[0044] (1) obtaining a directional pattern according to the initialization excitation phase;

[0045] (2) Use the full-neighborhood seed growing method to find the sidelobe area in the directional pattern.

[0046] Specifically, the first angle corresponding to the maximum value of the far-field electric field amplitude is first found in the radiation pattern, that is, the pointing angle; then, all neighboring angles of the first pointing angle are progressively advanced until the minimum value is found. In this process, all neighboring angles are the sidelobe areas.

[0047] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the purpose of finding the minimum value is to find the zero sink point closest to the pointing angle.

[0048] Step S2, constructing an iterative model of phase perturbation, and obtaining the excitation phase corresponding to the number of iterations and the sidelobe area of ​​the corresponding pattern;

[0049] In a specific embodiment of the present application, an iterative convex optimization algorithm is used to construct an iterative model of phase perturbation, and the process is as follows:

[0050] (1) Determine the phase perturbation of the first time and its incentives (l) ;

[0051] (2) According to the first stimulus w (l) Obtain the corresponding direction diagram

[0052] In the specific embodiment of the present application, the first directional pattern is:

[0053]

[0054] Where,

[0055] (3) Use the full neighborhood seed growing method to obtain the sidelobe area SLLlogical of the lth iteration (l) , and determine the maximum sidelobe level;

[0056] (4) According to the first phase perturbation and its incentives (l) , Directional Pattern and Sidelobe Area SLLlogical (l) Establish iterative convex optimization constraints;

[0057] (5) After the maximum sidelobe level is minimized and the iterative convex optimization constraints are met, an iterative model of phase perturbation is obtained.

[0058]

[0059]

[0060] In the formula, ε and γ are small positive numbers, w (l-1) is the (l-1)th excitation, ⊙ is the Hadamard product; SLL is the maximum sidelobe level; N is the maximum number of iterations, l<N;

[0061] Among them, the constraints in iterative convex optimization are It uses the first-order Taylor expansion Thus, the non-convex problem is transformed into a convex problem;

[0062] in, and This is to ensure that the beam is pointed correctly;

[0063] Step S3, repeating step S2 until the set requirements are met to obtain the optimized excitation phase, and calculating the directivity pattern according to the optimized excitation phase.

[0064] In a specific embodiment of the present application, the setting requirement is: the sidelobe level is lower than the expected sidelobe level value or exceeds the maximum number of iterations.

[0065] This application is verified and illustrated through the following specific simulation examples.

[0066] The planar array in this example is placed in the XOY plane, with 256 elements and an element spacing of d. x =d y =0.5λ, the beam pointing is The expected sidelobe level is -20dB. Then, the initialization excitation phase of the nth array element is for:

[0067]

[0068] Use the full neighborhood seed growth method to find the sidelobe area at this time:

[0069] The first iterative convex optimization is:

[0070]

[0071]

[0072] Among them, the optimization variable is the phase perturbation term The maximum number of iterations is 25; the values ​​of ε and γ are 0.1.

[0073] Repeat the above iterative convex optimization until the sidelobe level is lower than the expected sidelobe level or the maximum number of iterations is exceeded, and finally the directional pattern of low sidelobe and large angle scanning of the 256-element planar antenna array is obtained, as shown in the figure. Figure 2 As shown; the phase distribution of the 256-element planar antenna array with low sidelobe and large angle scanning optimization is as follows Figure 3 The simulation results show that it is possible to achieve wide-angle, low-sidelobe scanning of a planar antenna array by simply changing the excitation phase rather than amplitude weighting, maximizing the input power to the array, increasing the equivalent isotropic radiated power, and efficiently achieving the beam scanning function with sidelobe suppression.

[0074] To achieve the above technical objectives, the specific embodiment of the present application further proposes a phase-only low sidelobe synthesis device suitable for large-angle scanning of a planar antenna array, the device comprising an initialization processing unit, an iterative model unit, and an optimization scanning unit;

[0075] The initialization processing unit is configured to initialize the excitation phase according to the planar antenna array and the desired scanning angle, and find the sidelobe area corresponding to the initialized excitation phase;

[0076] The excitation phase is initialized according to the element spacing and the desired scanning angle of the planar antenna array; then the full-neighborhood seed growing method is used to find the sidelobe area.

[0077] The iterative model unit is configured to construct an iterative model of phase perturbation and obtain an excitation phase corresponding to the number of iterations and a sidelobe area of ​​the corresponding directional pattern;

[0078] Among them, an iterative convex optimization algorithm is used to construct an iterative model of phase perturbation, and an iterative model of phase perturbation is obtained.

[0079] The optimization scanning unit is configured to iteratively process the iterative model until an optimized excitation phase is obtained when a set requirement is met, and calculate a directivity pattern based on the optimized excitation phase, wherein the set requirement is that the sidelobe level is lower than the expected sidelobe level value or exceeds the maximum number of iterations.

[0080] The specific implementation process and details of the configuration of each unit in this embodiment have been introduced in detail in the phase-only low sidelobe, and will not be repeated here.

[0081] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the specific embodiment of the present application further proposes a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored. When the program is processed, the steps of the above-mentioned phase-only low sidelobe synthesis method are implemented.

[0082] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the specific embodiment of the present application also proposes an electronic device, such as Figure 4As shown, it includes a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the above-mentioned phase-only low sidelobe synthesis method are implemented.

[0083] The processor may be a general-purpose processor, including a central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), etc., and may also be a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, or a discrete hardware component. The various methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of this application may be implemented or executed. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0084] The electronic devices of the embodiments of the present application exist in various forms, including but not limited to:

[0085] (1) Mobile communication devices: These devices are characterized by their mobile communication capabilities and are primarily designed to provide voice and data communications. These terminals include smartphones (e.g., iPhones), multimedia phones, feature phones, and low-end phones.

[0086] (2) Ultra-mobile personal computer devices: These devices fall under the category of personal computers, have computing and processing capabilities, and generally also have mobile Internet access. These terminals include PDAs, MIDs, and UMPCs, such as iPads.

[0087] (3) Portable entertainment devices: These devices can display and play multimedia content. These devices include audio and video players (e.g., iPods), handheld game consoles, e-books, smart toys, and portable car navigation devices.

[0088] (4) Server: A device that provides computing services. The server consists of a processor, hard disk, memory, system bus, etc. The server is similar to a general computer architecture, but because it needs to provide highly reliable services, it has higher requirements in terms of processing power, stability, reliability, security, scalability, and manageability.

[0089] (5) Other electronic devices with data interaction functions.

[0090] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone skilled in the art may modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by one of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and technical principles disclosed herein are intended to be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A phase-only low sidelobe synthesis method, characterized in that: Suitable for large-angle scanning of a planar antenna array, the method comprises at least the following steps: Step S1, initializing an excitation phase according to a planar antenna array and a desired scanning angle, and finding a sidelobe region corresponding to the initialization excitation phase; the planar antenna array is arranged in an XOY plane; Step S2, constructing an iterative model of phase perturbation, and obtaining the excitation phase corresponding to the number of iterations and the sidelobe area of ​​the corresponding pattern; constructing the iterative model of phase perturbation using the iterative convex optimization algorithm; The process of constructing the iterative model of phase perturbation using the iterative convex optimization algorithm is as follows: (1) determining the phase perturbation of the first time and its incentives (l) ; (2) According to the first stimulus w (l) Obtain the corresponding direction diagram (3) Use the full neighborhood seed growing method to obtain the sidelobe area SLLlogical of the lth iteration (l) , and determine the maximum sidelobe level; (4) according to the phase perturbation of the first and its incentives (l) , Directional Pattern and Sidelobe Area SLLlogical (l) Establish iterative convex optimization constraints; (5) After the maximum sidelobe level is minimized and the iterative convex optimization constraints are applied, an iterative model of phase perturbation is obtained: In the formula, ε and γ are small positive numbers, w (l-1) is the (l-1)th excitation, ⊙ is the Hadamard product; SLL is the maximum sidelobe level; N is the maximum number of iterations, l<N; Among them, the constraints in iterative convex optimization are It uses the first-order Taylor expansion Thus, the non-convex problem is transformed into a convex problem; in, and This is to ensure that the beam is pointed correctly; Step S3, repeating step S2 until the set requirements are met to obtain the optimized excitation phase, and calculating the directivity pattern according to the optimized excitation phase.

2. The phase-only low sidelobe synthesis method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Initialize the excitation phase according to the element spacing and desired scanning angle of the planar antenna array.

3. The phase-only low sidelobe synthesis method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sidelobe regions are found using the full-neighborhood seed growing method.

4. The phase-only low sidelobe synthesis method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The process of finding the sidelobe area using the full neighborhood seed growing method is: (1) obtaining a directional pattern according to the initialization excitation phase; (2) Use the full-neighborhood seed growing method to find the sidelobe area in the directional pattern.

5. The phase-only low sidelobe synthesis method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The setting requirement is that the sidelobe level is lower than the expected sidelobe level value or exceeds the maximum number of iterations.

6. A phase-only low sidelobe synthesis device, used to implement the phase-only low sidelobe synthesis method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: Suitable for large-angle scanning of a planar antenna array, the device includes an initialization processing unit, an iterative model unit, and an optimization scanning unit; The initialization processing unit is configured to initialize the excitation phase according to the planar antenna array and the desired scanning angle, and find the sidelobe area corresponding to the initialized excitation phase; The iterative model unit is configured to construct an iterative model of phase perturbation and obtain an excitation phase corresponding to the number of iterations and a sidelobe area of ​​the corresponding directional pattern; The optimization scanning unit is configured to obtain an optimized excitation phase by performing iterative processing based on an iterative model until a set requirement is met, and calculate a directional pattern according to the optimized excitation phase.

7. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the program is processed, the steps of the phase-only low sidelobe synthesis method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 are implemented.

8. An electronic device comprising a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein: When executing the computer program, the processor implements the steps of the phase-only low sidelobe synthesis method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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