An electric arc additive path planning method, device, equipment and storage medium

Abstract

This application relates to a path planning method, apparatus, device, and storage medium for arc additive manufacturing. The path planning method includes: determining the number of welding layers in the arc additive manufacturing process; and determining the arc initiation point and welding direction of each welding layer based on the number of welding layers, wherein the arc initiation point and welding direction of each welding layer are different from those of the previous welding layer. This application enables additively manufactured structures to exhibit more uniform performance in different directions and can also avoid inter-pass defects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of electric arc additive manufacturing technology, and in particular to a path planning method, apparatus, equipment and storage medium for electric arc additive manufacturing. Background Technology

[0002] Arc additive manufacturing is an advanced digital manufacturing technology that utilizes the principle of layer-by-layer cladding, employing an electric arc as a heat source to melt added metal wires. Based on a three-dimensional digital model and under program control, the wires are deposited on a substrate along a pre-defined forming path, gradually shaping metal parts from lines to surfaces to volumes. The formed parts consist entirely of weld metal and feature short processing cycles, high flexibility, and low cost. Arc additive manufacturing technologies using heat sources such as plasma arc employ a side-axis wire feeding system for material filling, requiring precise matching of the wire feeding position and welding direction during additive manufacturing. However, current side-axis wire feeding arc additive manufacturing methods often use relatively simple paths, resulting in anisotropic formed structures and concentrated defect locations.

[0003] Therefore, the inventors provide a path planning method, apparatus, device, and storage medium for electric arc additive manufacturing. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (1) Technical problems to be solved

[0005] This application provides a path planning method, apparatus, equipment, and storage medium for arc additive manufacturing. The technical problem to be solved is that the current off-axis wire feeding arc additive manufacturing methods have relatively simple paths, resulting in anisotropy of the formed structure and a relatively concentrated defect location.

[0006] (2) Technical solution

[0007] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a path planning method for electric arc additive manufacturing, including:

[0008] Determine the number of weld layers in arc additive manufacturing;

[0009] A preset number is determined based on the number of weld layers, so that arc additive manufacturing is performed cyclically according to the preset number of weld layers;

[0010] The arc starting point and welding direction of each welding layer in the preset number of welding layers are determined respectively, wherein the arc starting point and welding direction of each welding layer in the preset number of welding layers are different from those of the previous welding layer.

[0011] In one embodiment, determining the arc initiation point and welding direction of each weld layer in the preset number of weld layers, wherein the arc initiation point and welding direction of each weld layer in the preset number of weld layers are different from those of the previous weld layer, includes:

[0012] Determine the arc starting point and welding direction of the initial welding layer in the preset number of welding layers;

[0013] Based on the arc starting point and welding direction of the initial welding layer, the arc starting point and welding direction of each of the remaining welding layers are rotated by a preset angle along a preset direction based on the previous welding layer, until the arc starting point and welding direction of the final welding layer in the preset number of welding layers are determined.

[0014] In one embodiment, the preset quantity is four, the preset direction is clockwise, and the preset angle is 90 degrees.

[0015] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a path planning device for arc additive manufacturing, comprising:

[0016] The quantity determination module is used to determine the number of welding layers in arc additive manufacturing;

[0017] A cycle determination module is used to determine a preset number based on the number of weld layers, so that arc additive manufacturing is performed cyclically according to the preset number of weld layers.

[0018] The path determination module is used to determine the arc starting point and welding direction of each welding layer in the preset number of welding layers, wherein the arc starting point and welding direction of each welding layer in the preset number of welding layers are different from those of the previous welding layer.

[0019] In one embodiment, the path determination module includes:

[0020] A starting determination unit is used to determine the arc starting point and welding direction of the starting welding layer in the preset number of welding layers;

[0021] The remaining determining units are used to rotate the arc starting point and welding direction of each of the remaining welding layers by a preset angle along a preset direction based on the arc starting point and welding direction of the initial welding layer, until the arc starting point and welding direction of the final welding layer among the preset number of welding layers are determined.

[0022] In one embodiment, the preset quantity is four, the preset direction is clockwise, and the preset angle is 90 degrees.

[0023] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the path planning method for electric arc additive manufacturing as described above.

[0024] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the path planning method for arc additive manufacturing as described above.

[0025] (3) Beneficial effects

[0026] The above-mentioned technical solution of this application has the following advantages:

[0027] The path planning method for arc additive manufacturing provided in the first aspect of this application determines the number of welding layers in the arc additive manufacturing process, and determines the arc starting point and welding direction of each welding layer according to the number of welding layers. Each welding layer has a different arc starting point and welding direction from the previous welding layer. The path planning method is designed with certain regularity and is easy to form a cyclic additive manufacturing process. This method can make the performance of the additively manufactured structure more uniform in different directions and can also avoid inter-pass defects.

[0028] It is understood that the beneficial effects of the second, third and fourth aspects mentioned above can be found in the relevant descriptions in the first aspect above, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0030] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating the path planning method for arc additive manufacturing provided in this application;

[0031] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the first path of the weld layer in arc additive manufacturing provided in this application;

[0032] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a second path for the weld layer in arc additive manufacturing provided in this application;

[0033] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a third path for the weld layer in arc additive manufacturing provided in this application;

[0034] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the fourth path for the weld layer of arc additive manufacturing provided in this application;

[0035] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the path planning device for electric arc additive manufacturing provided in this application;

[0036] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0037] In the following description, specific details such as particular system architectures and techniques are set forth for illustrative purposes and not for limitation, in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of this application. However, those skilled in the art will understand that this application may also be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the description of this application with unnecessary detail.

[0038] It should be understood that, when used in this application specification and the appended claims, the term "comprising" indicates the presence of the described features, integrals, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components and / or a collection thereof.

[0039] Furthermore, in the description of this application and the appended claims, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0040] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" in this specification mean that one or more embodiments of this application include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment. Therefore, the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," "in still other embodiments," etc., appearing in different parts of this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more, but not all, embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and variations thereof mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. "A plurality" means "two or more."

[0041] Arc additive manufacturing technology is an advanced digital manufacturing technology that utilizes the principle of layer-by-layer cladding, using an electric arc as a heat source to melt added metal wires. Based on a three-dimensional digital model and under program control, the wires are deposited on a substrate along a pre-defined forming path, gradually forming metal parts from lines to surfaces to volumes. The formed parts consist entirely of weld metal, featuring short processing cycles, high flexibility, and low cost. Compared to casting and forging processes, it eliminates the need for molds, has a shorter overall manufacturing cycle, higher flexibility, and enables digital, intelligent, and parallel manufacturing. It offers rapid response to design and is particularly suitable for manufacturing small batches of diverse products. Arc additive manufacturing technologies using heat sources such as plasma arcs employ a bypass wire feeding system for material filling. During additive manufacturing, the matching of wire feeding position and welding direction is crucial, thus limiting the adjustment of the welding torch posture and the programming process. Path planning during additive manufacturing is also highly demanding. For example, for block materials, current methods often employ multi-layer, multi-pass trajectory planning or similar methods that adjust the weld bead sequence. This method involves parallel weld layers, resulting in variations in weld quality across different directions. Furthermore, it easily leads to overlapping defects in the same location.

[0042] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides a path planning method for arc additive manufacturing. This method determines the number of welding layers in the arc additive manufacturing process, and then determines the arc initiation point and welding direction of each welding layer based on the number of welding layers. Each welding layer has a different arc initiation point and welding direction than the previous welding layer. This method designs a path planning method with certain regularity and easy to form a cyclic additive manufacturing process, which can make the additively manufactured structure have more uniform performance in different directions and can also avoid inter-pass defects.

[0043] The specific embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate this application, but are not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, the path planning method for electric arc additive manufacturing provided in this embodiment includes:

[0045] Determine the number of weld layers in arc additive manufacturing;

[0046] A preset number is determined based on the number of weld layers, so that arc additive manufacturing is performed cyclically according to the preset number of weld layers;

[0047] The arc starting point and welding direction of each welding layer in the preset number of welding layers are determined respectively, wherein the arc starting point and welding direction of each welding layer in the preset number of welding layers are different from those of the previous welding layer.

[0048] In one embodiment, determining the arc initiation point and welding direction of each weld layer in the preset number of weld layers, wherein the arc initiation point and welding direction of each weld layer in the preset number of weld layers are different from those of the previous weld layer, includes:

[0049] Determine the arc starting point and welding direction of the initial welding layer in the preset number of welding layers;

[0050] Based on the arc starting point and welding direction of the initial welding layer, the arc starting point and welding direction of each of the remaining welding layers are rotated by a preset angle along a preset direction based on the previous welding layer, until the arc starting point and welding direction of the final welding layer in the preset number of welding layers are determined.

[0051] In one embodiment, the preset quantity is four, the preset direction is clockwise, and the preset angle is 90 degrees.

[0052] In applications, the path planning method described above for arc additive manufacturing can be used for path planning in multi-layer, multi-pass arc additive manufacturing. Assuming arc additive manufacturing proceeds in a four-layer cycle, the welding direction is adjusted once for each of the four welding layers during the process. These four welding layers form a cycle, and the arc initiation point and welding direction of each layer are rotated 90 degrees clockwise from the previous layer, exhibiting the same pattern. For example... Figures 2 to 5 As shown, Figure 2 This is the path for the first weld layer, with n1 weld passes, all welded horizontally to the right. Figure 3 This is the path for the second welding layer, with n² weld passes, all welded vertically downwards. Figure 4 This is the path for the third welding layer, with n1 weld passes, all welded horizontally to the left. Figure 5 The path for the fourth welding layer has n² weld beads, all welded vertically upwards. By adjusting the path direction of each welding layer, the additive manufacturing structure becomes a woven-like structure, ensuring the isotropy of the overall structure and avoiding inter-pass defects. Simultaneously, it exhibits a certain regularity between layers, making path programming more user-friendly. The relationship between part size and the number of weld beads is as follows: , Where B represents the width of the part, L represents the length of the part, D represents the width of a single weld bead, ΔD represents the overlap between weld beads, n1 represents the number of odd-numbered weld beads, and n2 represents the number of even-numbered weld beads.

[0053] The path planning method for arc additive manufacturing provided in this application determines the number of welding layers in the arc additive manufacturing process, and then determines the arc initiation point and welding direction of each welding layer based on the number of welding layers. Each welding layer has a different arc initiation point and welding direction than the previous welding layer. This method designs a path planning approach with certain regularity, which easily forms a cyclic additive manufacturing program. It solves the problems of single trajectory, structural anisotropy, and concentrated defect locations in current off-axis wire feeding arc additive manufacturing methods. Although this method is designed for off-axis wire feeding arc additive manufacturing, it can also be applied to other forms of arc additive manufacturing, non-arc additive manufacturing, and non-arc off-axis wire feeding additive manufacturing methods.

[0054] Corresponding to the path planning method for arc additive manufacturing described in the above embodiments, such as Figure 6 As shown, this embodiment provides a path planning device for electric arc additive manufacturing, which includes:

[0055] The quantity determination module is used to determine the number of welding layers in arc additive manufacturing;

[0056] A cycle determination module is used to determine a preset number based on the number of weld layers, so that arc additive manufacturing is performed cyclically according to the preset number of weld layers.

[0057] The path determination module is used to determine the arc starting point and welding direction of each welding layer in the preset number of welding layers, wherein the arc starting point and welding direction of each welding layer in the preset number of welding layers are different from those of the previous welding layer.

[0058] In one embodiment, the path determination module includes:

[0059] A starting determination unit is used to determine the arc starting point and welding direction of the starting welding layer in the preset number of welding layers;

[0060] The remaining determining units are used to rotate the arc starting point and welding direction of each of the remaining welding layers by a preset angle along a preset direction based on the arc starting point and welding direction of the initial welding layer, until the arc starting point and welding direction of the final welding layer among the preset number of welding layers are determined.

[0061] In one embodiment, the preset quantity is four, the preset direction is clockwise, and the preset angle is 90 degrees.

[0062] It should be noted that the information interaction and execution process between the above modules / units are based on the same concept as the method embodiments of this application. For details on their specific functions and technical effects, please refer to the method embodiments section, and they will not be repeated here.

[0063] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the above-described division of functional units and modules is merely an example. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The functional units and modules in the embodiments can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit. Furthermore, the specific names of the functional units and modules are only for easy differentiation and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. The specific working process of the units and modules in the above system can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0064] This application also provides an electronic device, such as... Figure 7 As shown, it includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the path planning method for electric arc additive manufacturing provided in the first aspect.

[0065] In applications, electronic devices may include, but are not limited to, processors and memory. Figure 7 This is merely an example of an electronic device and does not constitute a limitation on the device. It may include more or fewer components than illustrated, or combinations of certain components, or different components, such as input / output devices, network access devices, etc. Input / output devices may include cameras, audio capture / playback devices, displays, etc. Network access devices may include network modules for establishing wireless communication connections with external devices.

[0066] In applications, the processor can be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), but it can also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0067] In applications, memory can be an internal storage unit of an electronic device in some embodiments, such as a hard drive or RAM. In other embodiments, memory can be an external storage device of the electronic device, such as a plug-in hard drive, Smart Media Card (SMC), Secure Digital (SD) card, or Flash Card. Memory can also include both internal and external storage units of the electronic device. Memory is used to store operating systems, applications, bootloaders, data, and other programs, such as program code for computer programs. Memory can also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or will be output.

[0068] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, can implement the steps in the above-described method embodiments.

[0069] This application implements all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments, which can be accomplished by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed by a processor, it can implement the steps of the various method embodiments described above. The computer program includes computer program code, which can be in the form of source code, object code, executable file, or some intermediate form. The computer-readable medium can at least include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code to an electronic device, a recording medium, a computer memory, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), an electrical carrier signal, a telecommunication signal, and a software distribution medium, such as a USB flash drive, a portable hard drive, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0070] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts that are not described in detail or recorded in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0071] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the device and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0072] In the embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interface, or the device may be indirectly coupled or communicated, and may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0073] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A path planning method for electric arc additive manufacturing, characterized in that, include: Determine the number of weld layers in arc additive manufacturing; A preset number is determined based on the number of weld layers, so that arc additive manufacturing is performed cyclically according to the preset number of weld layers; The arc starting point and welding direction of each welding layer in the preset number of welding layers are determined respectively, wherein the arc starting point and welding direction of each welding layer in the preset number of welding layers are different from those of the previous welding layer.

2. The path planning method for electric arc additive manufacturing as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the arc initiation point and welding direction of each weld layer in the preset number of weld layers, wherein the arc initiation point and welding direction of each weld layer in the preset number of weld layers are different from those of the previous weld layer, includes: Determine the arc starting point and welding direction of the initial welding layer in the preset number of welding layers; Based on the arc starting point and welding direction of the initial welding layer, the arc starting point and welding direction of each of the remaining welding layers are rotated by a preset angle along a preset direction based on the previous welding layer, until the arc starting point and welding direction of the final welding layer in the preset number of welding layers are determined.

3. The path planning method for electric arc additive manufacturing as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The preset quantity is four, the preset direction is clockwise, and the preset angle is 90 degrees.

4. A path planning device for electric arc additive manufacturing, characterized in that, include: The quantity determination module is used to determine the number of weld layers in arc additive manufacturing; A cycle determination module is used to determine a preset number based on the number of weld layers, so that arc additive manufacturing is performed cyclically according to the preset number of weld layers. The path determination module is used to determine the arc starting point and welding direction of each welding layer in the preset number of welding layers, wherein the arc starting point and welding direction of each welding layer in the preset number of welding layers are different from those of the previous welding layer.

5. The path planning device for electric arc additive manufacturing as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The path determination module includes: A starting determination unit is used to determine the arc starting point and welding direction of the starting welding layer in the preset number of welding layers; The remaining determining units are used to rotate the arc starting point and welding direction of each of the remaining welding layers by a preset angle along a preset direction based on the arc starting point and welding direction of the initial welding layer, until the arc starting point and welding direction of the final welding layer among the preset number of welding layers are determined.

6. The path planning device for electric arc additive manufacturing as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The preset quantity is four, the preset direction is clockwise, and the preset angle is 90 degrees.

7. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the path planning method for electric arc additive manufacturing as described in any one of claims 1 to 3.

8. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the path planning method for electric arc additive manufacturing as described in any one of claims 1 to 3.

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