Coal particle pneumatic conveying and storage system and method of use thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a coal particle pneumatic conveying and storing system and a using method thereof, which comprises a storing bin, a sealing structure, an internally arranged telescopic pipeline and a support plate driven to move up and down, the upper end of the telescopic pipeline is fixed and communicated with an outer conveying pipeline, the lower part is connected with the support plate and is telescopically extended and retracted by the up-and-down movement of the support plate, the lower end is provided with an inlet hopper, a distributing mechanism is connected below the inlet, the distributing mechanism comprises a distributing pipe with an annular structure and a plurality of nozzles uniformly distributed on the distributing pipe and capable of spraying high-pressure air towards the inlet hopper, a cyclone separation device is connected at the upper part of the storing bin, dust is returned to the storing bin through a returning mechanism, and a filter screen is arranged at the exhaust output end of the cyclone separation device. The application has the advantages of simple structure, automatic feeding and discharging of coal particles, avoidance of dust splashing during feeding and discharging and influence on the surrounding environment, and reduction of the risks of overflow, penetration and spontaneous combustion of the coal particles during storage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of material conveying and storage, specifically to a pneumatic conveying and storage system for coal particles and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] Existing coal storage and transportation systems are often open-air, meaning coal particles are exposed in the open and transported via belt conveyors. This method exposes coal particles directly to the air, and coal dust and particles are affected by the surrounding environment. For example, open-air coal particles easily generate dust, which is carried by the wind and causes air quality to deteriorate. When coal particles encounter surface precipitation, harmful substances in the precipitation may seep into the soil, causing soil pollution. Coal particles may also experience temperature increases due to prolonged oxidation, which in severe cases can lead to spontaneous combustion, causing serious accidents such as coal dust explosions and the spread of fires. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a pneumatic conveying and storage system for coal particles. The system has a simple structure, realizes the storage of coal particles, and performs automatic feeding and discharging operations. It avoids dust splashing during the feeding and discharging process, which would affect the surrounding environment, and reduces the risk of coal particles overflowing, seeping in, or spontaneously combusting during storage.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, a pneumatic conveying and storage system for coal pellets is provided, comprising:

[0005] The storage silo has a sealed structure and contains telescopic pipes and a support plate that is driven to move up and down.

[0006] The upper end of the telescopic pipe is fixed and connected to the outer conveying pipe, the lower part is connected to the support plate and telescopically extends and retracts through the lifting and lowering of the support plate, and a feeding hopper is installed at the lower end.

[0007] The feeding mechanism is connected below the feed inlet, and has a ring-shaped feeding pipe and multiple nozzles evenly distributed on the feeding pipe and directed towards the feed hopper by high-pressure air.

[0008] The cyclone separator has an input end connected to the upper part of the storage silo, a dust discharge output end that returns the material to the storage silo via a return mechanism, and a filter screen at the exhaust output end.

[0009] Furthermore, the multiple nozzles are divided into multiple individually operating zones, and each zone is equipped with a sensor on the distribution tube for radially measuring the material pile.

[0010] The sensor is connected to the main control box;

[0011] When material is fed, the main control box receives the corresponding sensor signal, controls the nozzle action of the adjacent area, and then controls the nozzle action of other areas in sequence after a delay.

[0012] When discharging material, the main control box receives the corresponding sensor signal and controls the nozzles in each area to operate together.

[0013] Furthermore, the telescopic pipe has a coaxially arranged and axially sliding telescopic inner pipe and a telescopic outer pipe;

[0014] The upper outer wall of the telescopic inner tube is provided with a first ring, and the lower inner wall of the telescopic outer tube is provided with a second ring;

[0015] Multiple sealing rings are provided on the first and second ring bodies.

[0016] Furthermore, the upper end of the storage bin is equipped with a drive assembly that drives the support plate to rise and fall;

[0017] The drive components are in multiple groups, evenly arranged and controlled by the main control box. Each drive component has a first motor, a disc connected to the output end of the first motor, and a steel wire rope with one end wound on the disc.

[0018] The other end of the wire rope is connected to the support plate.

[0019] Furthermore, a laser sensor is provided at the fabric tube to measure the material pile below;

[0020] The laser sensor is connected to the main control box, which controls the lifting and lowering of the support plate.

[0021] Furthermore, the material return mechanism includes a material return cylinder, a second motor, and a spiral rod connected to the output end of the second motor and located inside the material return cylinder;

[0022] One end of the return cylinder is connected to the dust discharge output end of the cyclone separator, and the return port at the other end is connected to the inside of the storage silo.

[0023] Furthermore, a weighing sensor connected to the main control box is provided between the cyclone separator and the return cylinder;

[0024] The main control box controls the operation of the second motor.

[0025] Furthermore, the fabric tube is equipped with a spray pipe;

[0026] The storage silo is equipped with a dust sensor connected to the main control box.

[0027] The main control box receives the corresponding signals and controls the spray pipe's operation.

[0028] Furthermore, this also includes monitoring systems;

[0029] The monitoring system includes temperature sensors, humidity sensors, and pressure sensors installed inside the storage silo.

[0030] After receiving the corresponding monitoring signals from the main control box receiver, it controls the cyclone separator and alarm mechanism.

[0031] The present invention also aims to provide a method for using a pneumatic conveying and storage system for coal particles. By adjusting the positive and negative pressure states of the conveying pipeline, the system can perform feeding and discharging actions, store and remove dust from the coal particles, avoid dust splashing during feeding and discharging that could affect the surrounding environment, and reduce the risk of coal particles overflowing, seeping in, or spontaneously combusting during storage.

[0032] A method for using a pneumatic conveying and storage system for coal pellets specifically includes the following steps:

[0033] S1, multiple sets of first motors start, and correspondingly drive one end of the steel wire rope to be wound or lowered through the rotation of the disc, so that the support plate is raised and lowered, the telescopic pipe is extended and retracted, and the laser sensor at the material distribution pipe monitors the material pile. When it moves to the appropriate position, multiple sets of first motors stop rotating.

[0034] S2, when pneumatic feeding occurs, the main control box controls the conveying pipeline to be in a positive pressure feeding state, and the feed hopper moves to be above the material pile. Coal particles enter the storage bin from the conveying pipeline, the telescopic pipeline, and the feed hopper. At this time, the nozzles on the distribution pipe blow high pressure on the raised material pile in the adjacent areas in sequence, so that the material pile in the middle flows to the periphery to avoid the material pile from clogging the feed hopper due to continuous feeding.

[0035] When pneumatic discharge occurs, the main control box controls the conveying pipeline to be in a negative pressure discharge state, the feed hopper moves to the material pile, and the coal particles return from the storage bin, feed hopper, and telescopic pipe to the conveying pipeline; at this time, the nozzles on the distribution pipe blow the nearby coal particles at high pressure, causing them to flow toward the central concave area.

[0036] S3, the dust sensor monitors the concentration of coal particles in the storage bin in real time. When the dust concentration reaches the set maximum threshold, the main control box controls the cyclone separator to start. Dust generated by coal particle feeding, discharging, or nozzle operation is sucked into the cyclone separator. Larger coal particles are separated and enter the return cylinder through the dust discharge outlet. At this time, the screw starts to return the coal particles to the storage bin. Smaller coal particles are discharged from the exhaust outlet at the top of the cyclone separator and the gas is discharged to the outside after being intercepted by the filter screen.

[0037] Alternatively, when discharging material, if the dust concentration reaches the set maximum threshold, the main control box will control the spray pipe to spray the material pile appropriately.

[0038] S4, the temperature sensor, humidity sensor and pressure sensor in the storage silo monitor the storage status of coal particles in the storage silo in real time and feed the monitoring data back to the main control box. When the temperature and pressure in the storage silo rise sharply, it indicates that a fire is about to occur. The main control box controls the alarm mechanism to issue an alarm signal. The alarm signal can be wirelessly connected to a mobile terminal for relevant personnel to view in time.

[0039] S5: When feeding or discharging is completed, multiple sets of first motors start, and the rotation of the disc drives one end of the wire rope to rewind, causing the support plate to move upward to the highest point. At the same time as the support plate moves, the telescopic pipe shortens accordingly, and the main control box controls the cyclone separator, the return mechanism, and the feeding mechanism to stop operating.

[0040] Compared with existing technologies, this pneumatic conveying and storage system for coal particles uses a closed storage silo for automatic feeding and discharging of coal particles, avoiding dust splashing during feeding and discharging that could affect the surrounding environment and reducing the risk of overflow, seepage, and spontaneous combustion of coal particles during storage. In addition, the return mechanism recovers coal particle dust back into the storage silo, protecting the surrounding environment and preventing the waste of coal resources.

[0041] A material distribution mechanism is installed below the feed inlet. When pneumatic feeding occurs, the nozzles on the distribution pipe blow high pressure onto the raised material piles in adjacent areas in sequence, causing the material pile in the middle to flow outwards to avoid the material pile clogging the feed hopper due to continuous feeding. When pneumatic discharging occurs, the nozzles on the distribution pipe blow high pressure onto the nearby coal particles, causing them to flow towards the central concave area, forming a fluidization operation to avoid the inability to continuously discharge material and thus the discharge effect being insignificant.

[0042] Temperature, humidity, and pressure sensors inside the storage silo can monitor the coal particle storage status in real time and trigger alarms based on the monitoring data. In addition, spray pipes can be used to reduce dust concentration in the storage silo when it is high, effectively reducing the risk of spontaneous combustion of coal. Attached Figure Description

[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the cyclone separator and the return material mechanism in this invention;

[0045] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the fabric-making mechanism in this invention;

[0046] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing that the fabric tube in this invention is divided into four regions, A, D;

[0047] In the diagram: 10. Conveying pipeline; 11. Solenoid directional valve; 12. Pneumatic conveyor.

[0048] 20. Storage bin; 21. First motor; 22. Support plate; 23. Wire rope;

[0049] 30. Telescopic pipe; 31. Telescopic inner pipe; 32. Telescopic outer pipe; 33. Feed hopper;

[0050] 40. Fabric feeding mechanism; 41. Fabric feeding tube; 42. Nozzle; 43. Spray tube;

[0051] 50. Cyclone separator; 51. Filter screen;

[0052] 60. Material return mechanism; 61. Second motor; 62. Screw rod; 63. Material return port;

[0053] 70. Main control box. Detailed Implementation

[0054] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0055] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, a pneumatic conveying and storage system for coal particles includes:

[0056] The storage bin 20 has a sealed structure and is equipped with a telescopic pipe 30 and a support plate 22 that is driven to move up and down.

[0057] The upper end of the telescopic pipe 30 is fixed and connected to the outer conveying pipe 10, the lower part is connected to the support plate 22 and is extended and retracted by lifting and lowering the support plate 22, and the lower end is equipped with a feeding hopper 33.

[0058] The feeding mechanism 40 is connected below the feed inlet 33, and has a ring-shaped feeding pipe 41 and multiple nozzles 42 evenly distributed on the feeding pipe 41 and passing high-pressure air toward the feed hopper 33.

[0059] The cyclone separator 50 has its input end connected to the upper part of the storage silo 20, its dust discharge output end returned to the storage silo 20 through the return material mechanism 60, and its exhaust output end is equipped with a filter screen 51.

[0060] Specifically, the storage silo 20 can be a cylindrical structure, with the upper end sealed by a cover plate. Both the storage silo 20 and the cover plate can be made of multi-layer fireproof and heat-insulating materials. The support plate 22 is used to adjust the height of the discharge port and is hoisted inside the storage silo 20.

[0061] The telescopic pipe 30 can be adjusted for sealing and telescopic movement, that is, it can extend and retract with the rise and fall of the support plate 22 to transport coal particles in the conveying pipe 10 or coal particles in the storage bin 20; the feed hopper 33 is shaped like a flared mouth or a cone, with an opening cone angle of 30°-160°.

[0062] Cyclone separator 50 utilizes the centrifugal force generated when a gas-solid mixture rotates at high speed to separate dust from the airflow. The dust input end of cyclone separator 50 is connected to the storage silo 20, the exhaust end is connected to the outside through a filter screen 51, and the dust discharge output end is connected to the return material mechanism 60. Cyclone separator 50 has a built-in pressure sensor that can monitor the internal pressure in real time. A baffle can be installed above the exhaust end of cyclone separator 50 to prevent rainwater or snow from entering. Cyclone separator 50 is a conventional product and will not be described further at this time.

[0063] The feeding mechanism 40 is connected below the feed hopper 33 and can be raised and lowered with the support plate 22. It is used to arrange the feeding and discharging to prevent coal particles from clogging the telescopic pipe 30 during feeding or to prevent coal particles from entering the telescopic pipe 30 during discharging.

[0064] The conveying pipeline 10 can feed coal particles into the storage silo 20 or discharge them from the storage silo 20. In one embodiment, the main control box 70 controls the solenoid reversing valve 11 to allow high-pressure airflow to enter the conveying pipeline 10. The high-pressure airflow can discharge coal particles from the storage silo 20 or feed coal particles into the conveying pipeline 10. For example, a bidirectional pneumatic conveyor 12 can be added to the conveying pipeline 10. The pneumatic conveyor 12 can have a first input pipe and a second input pipe that are symmetrically and obliquely connected to the conveying pipeline 10, and both the first input pipe and the second input pipe are equipped with electrically controlled solenoid reversing valves 11. When high-pressure gas enters the conveying pipeline 10 from the first input pipe and the conveying direction is towards the storage silo 20, the high-pressure gas drives the coal particles into the storage silo 20. When high-pressure gas enters the conveying pipeline 10 from the second input pipe and the conveying direction is away from the storage silo 20, the high-pressure gas generates negative pressure in the conveying pipeline 10 at the storage silo 20 section, driving the coal particles out of the storage silo 20.

[0065] As another embodiment, the conveying pipeline 10 is equipped with a pair of pumps that are controlled by the main control box 70 and have opposite conveying directions. The pumps can feed and discharge coal particles in the conveying pipeline 10 by means of pressurization and negative pressure.

[0066] When this coal pellet pneumatic conveying and storage system is in use, the support plate 22 is raised and lowered to a suitable position, and during the movement of the support plate 22, the telescopic pipe 30 is extended and adjusted so that the feed hopper 33 moves to a suitable discharge position.

[0067] When feeding, coal particles enter the storage bin 20 through the conveying pipe 10. The coal particles fall continuously from the feed hopper 33 and form a material pile. This material pile has a convex shape and cannot flow to the periphery in time. The nozzle 42 on the distribution pipe 41 can blow the convex shape under high pressure, so that the material pile in the middle flows to the periphery, so as to avoid the material pile from clogging the feed hopper 33 due to continuous feeding.

[0068] When discharging, coal particles are discharged from the storage bin 20 to the conveying pipe 10, the feed hopper 33 and the return mechanism 60 descend to the material pile, and the coal particles continue to be discharged. At this time, the material pile has a concave shape and cannot flow towards the center in time. The nozzle 42 on the distribution pipe 41 blows the nearby coal particles under high pressure to make them fluidized, so as to avoid the inability to discharge continuously and thus the discharge effect is not obvious.

[0069] When the cyclone separator 50 is started, the coal particles and dust generated during feeding or discharging are sucked into the cyclone separator 50. The dust and gas are separated by centrifugal force. The larger coal particles are separated and enter the return mechanism 60 through the conical opening at the lower end. Then, they are returned to the storage bin 20 through the return mechanism 60. The smaller coal particles are discharged from the upper exhaust end by the action of the inner blades of the cyclone separator 50. After being intercepted by the filter screen 51, the gas is discharged to the outside.

[0070] For example, 3. Figure 4 As shown, in the preferred embodiment, the multiple nozzles 42 are divided into multiple individually working areas, and each area is provided with a sensor for radially measuring the material pile on the distribution pipe 41.

[0071] The sensor is connected to the main control box 70.

[0072] When material is fed, the main control box 70 receives the corresponding sensor signal, controls the nozzle 42 in the adjacent area to act, and then controls the nozzle 42 in other areas to act sequentially after a delay.

[0073] When discharging material, the main control box 70 receives the corresponding sensor signal and controls the nozzles 42 in each area to operate together.

[0074] Specifically, such as Figure 4 As shown, the annular feeding tube 41 can divide the nozzle 42 into four areas A, B, C, and D; the sensor can be a laser sensor or a position sensor for monitoring the material pile.

[0075] When feeding, coal particles continuously fall from the feed hopper 33 to form a material pile. The sensor monitors the material pile. When the material pile forms a high bulge, the main control box 70 controls the nozzles 42 in adjacent areas A and B to operate. After a certain period of time, it controls the nozzles 42 in relatively adjacent areas B and C to operate. After a certain period of time, the nozzles 42 in adjacent areas C and D operate. Finally, after a certain delay, the nozzles 42 in adjacent areas D and A operate. The height of the bulge is adjusted in sequence to distribute the coal particles to the periphery and avoid clogging the feed hopper 33.

[0076] When discharging, the feed hopper 33 is located in the material pile, allowing coal particles to be continuously discharged. The nozzles 42 in the four zones AD are all working, blowing the nearby coal particles under high pressure to form a fluidized operation, which flows towards the central feed hopper 33, thus avoiding the inability to discharge continuously and resulting in an insignificant discharge effect.

[0077] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 As shown, the telescopic pipe 30 further includes a telescopic inner pipe 31 and a telescopic outer pipe 32 that are coaxially arranged and axially sliding.

[0078] The upper outer wall of the telescopic inner tube 31 is provided with a first ring, and the lower inner wall of the telescopic outer tube 32 is provided with a second ring.

[0079] Multiple sealing rings are provided on the first and second ring bodies;

[0080] Specifically, the first ring body, the second ring body, the telescopic inner tube 31, and the telescopic outer tube 32 form a cavity with a variable volume;

[0081] When the support plate 22 is height adjusted, the telescopic pipe 30 extends and retracts accordingly, that is, the cavity is adjusted; when the first ring body contacts the second ring body, it means that the telescopic pipe 30 extends downward and reaches its maximum stroke; when the vertical distance between the first ring body and the second ring body is the farthest, it means that the telescopic pipe 30 is in a non-extended state.

[0082] This telescopic pipe 30 has a simple structure. By telescopically moving, it can adjust the distance between the feed hopper 33 and the material pile, thereby reducing the dust generated by the impact of coal particles during feeding.

[0083] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the upper end of the storage bin 20 is provided with a drive assembly that drives the support plate 22 to rise and fall;

[0084] The drive assembly has a first motor 21, a disk connected to the output end of the first motor 21, and a steel wire rope 23 with one end wound on the disk;

[0085] The other end of the wire rope 23 is connected to the support plate 22;

[0086] Specifically, the drive components can be multiple sets, evenly distributed above the storage bin 20 or evenly distributed on a disc steel frame located above the storage bin 20; multiple first motors 21 are controlled by the main control box 70 and can be linked together to make the support plate 22 connected by multiple wire ropes 23 rise and fall smoothly; in addition, one end of the wire rope 23 is connected to the support plate 22 through a joint, such as a hook threaded onto the support plate 22.

[0087] After the first motor 21 is started, it drives one end of the steel wire rope 23 to be wound up or lowered through the rotation of the disc, thereby realizing the lifting and lowering of the support plate 22.

[0088] Furthermore, a laser sensor is provided at the material distribution tube 41 to measure the material pile below;

[0089] The laser sensor is connected to the main control box 70, and the main control box 70 controls the lifting and lowering of the support plate 22;

[0090] Specifically, the laser sensor can measure the vertical distance from the material distribution tube 41 / feed hopper 33 to the material pile;

[0091] For example, when feeding material, if the distance between the feeding hopper 33 and the material pile is less than the set Hmin, the main control box 70 controls the first motor 21 to start, which drives the support plate 22 to move upward through the wire rope 23; if the distance between the feeding hopper 33 and the material pile is greater than the set Hmax, the main control controls the first motor 21 to reverse, which drives the support plate 22 to move downward through the wire rope 23. That is, the support plate 22 moves up and down, which avoids the situation where the material cannot be effectively sucked up or discharged when the distance is too large, or the material discharge is blocked when the distance is too small.

[0092] When discharging material, the main control box 70 controls the first motor 21 to start, so that the feed hopper 33 and the distribution pipe 41 are both located at a suitable height above the material pile.

[0093] like Figure 2 As shown, in the preferred embodiment, the material return mechanism 60 has a material return cylinder, a second motor 61, and a spiral rod 62 connected to the output end of the second motor 61 and located inside the material return cylinder;

[0094] One end of the return cylinder is connected to the dust discharge output end of the cyclone separator 50, and the return port 63 at the other end is connected to the inside of the storage silo 20.

[0095] Furthermore, a weighing sensor connected to the main control box 70 is installed between the cyclone separator 50 and the return cylinder;

[0096] The main control box 70 controls the operation of the second motor 61;

[0097] Specifically, when coal particles enter the storage silo 20 through the telescopic pipe 30, they will generate a large flow velocity due to air pressure and impact with the material pile, causing coal particles to splash and generate coal dust. The purpose of the return mechanism 60 is to return the generated coal dust to the storage silo 20 to avoid waste of coal resources.

[0098] After the cyclone separator 50 processes the dust, the larger dust particles fall into the return cylinder. The second motor 61 starts and drives the screw rod 62 to push the dust from one side of the cyclone separator 50 and discharge it into the storage bin 20 from the return port 63.

[0099] The weighing sensor can weigh the accumulated coal particles and dust as a whole. For example, a weighing platform can be set between the cyclone separator 50 and the return cylinder. When the weight of the coal particles and dust discharged from the cyclone separator 50 exceeds the set threshold Mmax, the weighing platform opens to let the accumulated coal particles and dust into the return cylinder. At the same time, the main control box 70 receives the corresponding monitoring signal and controls the second motor 61 to start. The second motor 61 drives the screw rod 62 to return the coal particles and dust to the storage bin 20, thus avoiding the waste of coal resources.

[0100] When the weight of coal particles and dust discharged from the cyclone separator 50 is lower than the set threshold Mmin, the main control box 70 can control the second motor 61 to start after a delay or stop starting.

[0101] like Figure 3 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, the fabric tube 41 is provided with a spray tube 43;

[0102] Furthermore, the storage silo 20 is equipped with a dust sensor connected to the main control box 70;

[0103] The main control box 70 receives the corresponding signals and controls the spray pipe 43 to operate;

[0104] Specifically, when coal particles are generated during feeding, the dust sensor in the storage hopper 20 can obtain the dust concentration value. When the dust concentration value reaches the set maximum threshold, the main control box 70 receives the corresponding signal, and high-pressure water is sprayed from the spray pipe 43 through the connecting pipe to reduce the dust concentration at the feed hopper 33. At the same time, the main control box 70 controls the cyclone separator 50 to operate, thereby achieving dust removal treatment of the storage hopper 20, preventing coal particles from overflowing and reducing the risk of coal dust explosion accidents.

[0105] As can be seen, the upper end of the storage bin 20 may be equipped with an electric pipe disc, which provides high-pressure gas to the material distribution mechanism 40 and high-pressure water flow to the spray pipe 43 through a double-pass pipe. The double-pass pipe can be length adjusted to match the lifting and lowering of the support plate 22. For example, the electric pipe disc can move synchronously with the first motor 21 and rotate to retract and extend the double-pass pipe.

[0106] Furthermore, this storage system also includes a monitoring system;

[0107] The monitoring system includes a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, and a pressure sensor installed inside the storage silo 20.

[0108] After receiving the corresponding monitoring signal from the main control box 70, it controls the cyclone separator 50 and the alarm mechanism.

[0109] Specifically, when the cyclone separator 50 is not in operation, it can adjust the pressure difference between the storage bin 20 and the outside, for example, the upper exhaust end of the cyclone separator 50 can be connected to the outside.

[0110] The monitoring system can monitor the storage status of coal particles in the storage silo 20 in real time and feed the monitoring data back to the main control box 70. When the temperature and pressure in the storage silo 20 rise sharply, it indicates that a fire is about to occur. The main control box 70 controls the alarm mechanism to issue an alarm signal. The alarm signal can be wirelessly connected to a mobile terminal for relevant personnel to view in a timely manner.

[0111] When using this pneumatic conveying and storage system for coal particles, the specific steps include:

[0112] S1, multiple sets of first motors 21 start, and drive one end of the steel wire rope 23 to be wound up or lowered through the rotation of the corresponding disc, so that the support plate 22 moves up and down. The laser sensor at the material pipe 41 monitors the material pile. When it moves to the appropriate position, multiple sets of first motors 21 stop rotating.

[0113] As the support plate 22 moves, the telescopic pipe 30 extends and retracts accordingly, so that the conveying pipe 10 can be connected to the feed hopper 33 from the telescopic pipe 30.

[0114] S2, when pneumatic feeding occurs, the main control box 70 controls the conveying pipe 10 to be in a positive pressure feeding state, and the feeding hopper 33 moves to be above the material pile. Coal particles enter the storage bin 20 from the conveying pipe 10, the telescopic pipe 30, and the feeding hopper 33. At this time, the nozzle 42 on the distribution pipe 41 can blow the raised material pile under high pressure, so that the material pile in the middle flows to the periphery to avoid the material pile from blocking the feeding hopper 33 due to continuous feeding.

[0115] When pneumatic discharge occurs, the main control box 70 controls the conveying pipe 10 to be in negative pressure discharge state, the feed hopper 33 moves to the material pile, and the coal particles return from the storage bin 20, feed hopper 33, and telescopic pipe 30 to the conveying pipe 10; at this time, the nozzle 42 on the distribution pipe 41 blows the nearby coal particles under high pressure, causing them to flow toward the central concave area.

[0116] S3, the dust sensor monitors the concentration of coal particle dust in the storage silo 20 in real time. When the dust concentration reaches the set maximum threshold, the main control box 70 controls the cyclone separator 50 to start. Dust generated by coal particle feeding, discharging, or the action of the nozzle 42 is sucked into the cyclone separator 50. Larger coal particles are separated and enter the return cylinder through the dust discharge outlet. At this time, the screw rod 62 starts to return the coal particles to the storage silo 20. Smaller coal particles are discharged from the upper exhaust end of the cyclone separator 50 and are discharged to the outside after being intercepted by the filter screen 51.

[0117] Alternatively, when discharging material, if the dust concentration reaches the set maximum threshold, the main control box 70 controls the spray pipe 43 to spray the material pile appropriately.

[0118] S4, the temperature sensor, humidity sensor and pressure sensor in the storage silo 20 monitor the storage status of coal particles in the storage silo 20 in real time and feed the monitoring data back to the main control box 70. When the temperature and pressure in the storage silo 20 rise sharply, it indicates that a fire is about to occur. The main control box 70 controls the alarm mechanism to issue an alarm signal. The alarm signal can be wirelessly connected to a mobile terminal to provide relevant personnel with timely access.

[0119] S5, when feeding or discharging is completed, multiple sets of first motors 21 start, and drive one end of the steel wire rope 23 to be wound up through the rotation of the disc, so that the support plate 22 moves upward to the highest point. At the same time as the support plate 22 moves, the telescopic pipe 30 is shortened accordingly, and the main control box 70 controls the cyclone separator 50, the return material mechanism 60, and the material distribution mechanism 40 to stop operating.

[0120] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

Claims

1. A pneumatic conveying and storage system for coal particles, characterized in that, include: The storage bin (20) has a sealed structure and is equipped with a telescopic pipe (30) and a support plate (22) that is driven to move up and down. The upper end of the telescopic pipe (30) is fixed and connected to the outer conveying pipe (10), the lower part is connected to the support plate (22) and telescopically extended and retracted by lifting and lowering the support plate (22), and the lower end is equipped with a feeding hopper (33); The feeding mechanism (40) is connected below the feed hopper (33), and has a feeding pipe (41) with an annular structure and multiple nozzles (42) evenly distributed on the feeding pipe (41) and passing high pressure air toward the feed hopper (33); The cyclone separator (50) has its input end connected to the upper part of the storage silo (20), its dust discharge output end returned to the storage silo (20) through the return material mechanism (60), and its exhaust output end is equipped with a filter screen (51). Multiple nozzles (42) are divided into multiple individually working areas, and each area is equipped with a sensor for radially measuring the material pile on the distribution tube (41); The sensor is connected to the main control box (70); When material is fed, the main control box (70) receives the corresponding sensor signal, controls the nozzle (42) in the adjacent area to act, and then controls the nozzle (42) in other areas to act sequentially after a delay. When discharging material, the main control box (70) receives the corresponding sensor signal and controls the nozzles (42) of each area to operate together; When pneumatic feeding occurs, the main control box (70) controls the conveying pipe (10) to be in a positive pressure feeding state, and the feeding hopper (33) moves to be above the material pile. Coal particles enter the storage bin (20) from the conveying pipe (10), the telescopic pipe (30), and the feeding hopper (33). At this time, the nozzles (42) on the distribution pipe (41) blow the raised material pile with high pressure according to the adjacent areas in turn, so that the material pile in the middle flows to the periphery to avoid the material pile from blocking the feeding hopper (33) due to continuous feeding. When pneumatic discharge occurs, the main control box (70) controls the conveying pipe (10) to be in negative pressure discharge state, the feed hopper (33) moves to the material pile, and the coal particles return from the storage bin (20), feed hopper (33), and telescopic pipe (30) to the conveying pipe (10); at this time, the nozzle (42) on the distribution pipe (41) blows the nearby coal particles under high pressure, causing them to flow toward the central concave area.

2. The pneumatic conveying and storage system for coal particles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The telescopic pipe (30) has a telescopic inner pipe (31) and a telescopic outer pipe (32) that are coaxially arranged and axially sliding; The upper outer wall of the telescopic inner tube (31) is provided with a first ring, and the lower inner wall of the telescopic outer tube (32) is provided with a second ring; Multiple sealing rings are provided on the first and second ring bodies.

3. The pneumatic conveying and storage system for coal particles according to claim 2, characterized in that, The upper end of the storage bin (20) is provided with a drive assembly that drives the support plate (22) to rise and fall; The drive components are in multiple groups, evenly arranged and controlled by the main control box (70). Each drive component has a first motor (21), a disc connected to the output end of the first motor (21), and a steel wire rope (23) with one end wound on the disc. The other end of the wire rope (23) is connected to the support plate (22).

4. The pneumatic conveying and storage system for coal particles according to claim 3, characterized in that, A laser sensor is provided at the fabric tube (41) to measure the material pile below; The laser sensor is connected to the main control box (70), and the main control box (70) controls the lifting and lowering of the support plate (22).

5. A pneumatic conveying and storage system for coal particles according to claim 4, characterized in that, The material return mechanism (60) has a material return cylinder, a second motor (61), and a screw rod (62) connected to the output end of the second motor (61) and located inside the material return cylinder; One end of the return cylinder is connected to the dust discharge output end of the cyclone separator (50), and the other end of the return port (63) is connected to the inside of the storage bin (20).

6. A pneumatic conveying and storage system for coal particles according to claim 5, characterized in that, A weighing sensor connected to the main control box (70) is provided between the cyclone separator (50) and the return cylinder; The main control box (70) controls the operation of the second motor (61).

7. A pneumatic conveying and storage system for coal particles according to claim 6, characterized in that, The fabric tube (41) is equipped with a spray tube (43); The storage bin (20) is equipped with a dust sensor connected to the main control box (70); The main control box (70) receives the corresponding signals and controls the spray pipe (43) to operate.

8. A pneumatic conveying and storage system for coal particles according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes a monitoring system; The monitoring system has a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, and a pressure sensor installed in the storage silo (20); After receiving the corresponding monitoring signal, the main control box (70) controls the opening and closing of the cyclone separator (50) and the operation of the alarm mechanism.

9. A method of using the pneumatic conveying and storage system for coal particles as described in claim 8, characterized in that, Specifically, the following steps are included: S1, multiple sets of first motors (21) start, and correspondingly drive the steel wire rope (23) to wind up or lower one end through the rotation of the disc, so that the support plate (22) moves up and down, the telescopic pipe (30) moves up and down accordingly, and the laser sensor at the material distribution pipe (41) monitors the material pile. When it moves to a suitable position, multiple sets of first motors (21) stop rotating. S2, when pneumatic feeding occurs, the main control box (70) controls the conveying pipe (10) to be in a positive pressure feeding state, and the feeding hopper (33) moves to be above the material pile. Coal particles enter the storage bin (20) from the conveying pipe (10), the telescopic pipe (30), and the feeding hopper (33). At this time, the nozzles (42) on the distribution pipe (41) blow the raised material pile with high pressure according to the adjacent areas in turn, so that the material pile in the middle flows to the periphery to avoid the material pile from blocking the feeding hopper (33) due to continuous feeding. When pneumatic discharge occurs, the main control box (70) controls the conveying pipe (10) to be in negative pressure discharge state, the feed hopper (33) moves to the material pile, and the coal particles return from the storage bin (20), feed hopper (33), and telescopic pipe (30) to the conveying pipe (10); at this time, the nozzle (42) on the distribution pipe (41) blows the nearby coal particles under high pressure, causing them to flow toward the central concave area; S3, the dust sensor monitors the concentration of coal particles in the storage bin (20) in real time. When the dust concentration reaches the set maximum threshold, the main control box (70) controls the cyclone separator (50) to start. The dust generated by the coal particles feeding, discharging, or the action of the nozzle (42) is sucked into the cyclone separator (50). The larger coal particles are separated and enter the return cylinder through the dust discharge output end. At this time, the screw rod (62) starts to return the coal particles to the storage bin (20). Smaller coal particles are discharged from the upper exhaust end of the cyclone separator (50), and the gas is discharged to the outside after being intercepted by the filter screen (51). Or when discharging material, when the dust concentration reaches the set maximum threshold, the main control box (70) controls the spray pipe (43) to spray the material pile appropriately; S4, the temperature sensor, humidity sensor and pressure sensor in the storage silo (20) monitor the storage status of coal particles in the storage silo (20) in real time and feed the monitoring data back to the main control box (70). When the temperature and pressure in the storage silo (20) rise sharply, it indicates that a fire is about to occur. The main control box (70) controls the alarm mechanism to issue an alarm signal. The alarm signal can be wirelessly connected to a mobile terminal to provide relevant personnel with timely access. S5, when the feeding or discharging is completed, multiple sets of first motors (21) start, and drive one end of the steel wire rope (23) to be wound up through the rotation of the disc, so that the support plate (22) moves upward to the highest point. While the support plate (22) moves, the telescopic pipe (30) is shortened accordingly, and the main control box (70) controls the cyclone separator (50), the return material mechanism (60), and the material distribution mechanism (40) to stop operating.

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