Axle gear precision dimension measuring device and measuring method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a device and method for measuring the precise dimensions of a half-axle gear. The half-axle gear includes a half-axle part and a gear part. The device includes: a height measuring mechanism for measuring the height of the gear part of the half-axle gear; a diameter measuring mechanism for measuring the diameter of the half-axle part of the half-axle gear; a lifting mechanism for driving the height measuring mechanism to lift and lower along the Z-axis direction; a feed seat, on which a positioning seat for mounting the half-axle gear is provided; a feed drive mechanism for driving the feed seat to perform linear motion along the horizontal direction; a rotation drive mechanism for driving the positioning seat to rotate around the Z-axis on the feed seat; a data processing module for analyzing the measurement data of the height measuring mechanism and the diameter measuring mechanism to obtain the dimension measurement result of the half-axle gear; and a control module. The present invention can realize simultaneous and automatic detection of the half-axle diameter and the gear height of the half-axle gear, and can improve detection efficiency and detection accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of dimension detection, and in particular to a device and method for measuring the precise dimension of a half-axle gear. Background Art

[0002] Axle gears are common parts in vehicle steering mechanisms, and the diameter of the axle and the height of the gear are one of its key dimensions. Due to the large batch size, manual inspection will consume a lot of manpower, and the inspection accuracy is greatly affected by personnel.

[0003] Mechanized automatic measuring mechanism can liberate manpower and improve detection efficiency and accuracy. Patent CN116734785A discloses a half-axle gear runout detection system, which includes a workpiece, a turntable rotatably mounted on the workpiece, and two probes for detecting the runout of the gear mounting plane and the runout of the shaft diameter, etc. It has the effect of being able to detect the runout of gears of different specifications, and can quantitatively display the runout trend. CN218270458U discloses a half-axle gear detection device, which is convenient for completing the test of the half-axle gear by setting a pin and a spindle to cooperate with a runout test rod, and at the same time, a clamping block located outside the mounting frame is set for centering clamping, which can facilitate the rapid completion of the positioning of spindles and pins of different diameters, so that the detection process rate is improved. By setting a straight rod and a screw rod for adjustment, the use and adjustment of the device are more convenient, which improves the practicality of the device. The above patents all involve the detection of half-axle gears, but none of them can simultaneously perform automatic detection of the diameter of the half-axle part and the height of the gear part.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to improve the existing technology to provide a solution that can simultaneously perform precise detection of the diameter and height of the half-shaft gear. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a device and method for measuring the precise dimensions of a half-axle gear in view of the deficiencies in the above-mentioned prior art.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a device for measuring the precision dimensions of a half-shaft gear, the half-shaft gear comprising a half-shaft portion and a gear portion, characterized in that it comprises:

[0007] A height measuring mechanism, which is used to measure the height of the gear portion of the side gear, the height being the distance between the upper surface and the lower surface of the gear portion;

[0008] A diameter measuring mechanism, which is used to measure the diameter of the half shaft portion of the half shaft gear;

[0009] A lifting mechanism, which is used to drive the height measuring mechanism to move up and down along the Z-axis direction;

[0010] A feed seat, on which a positioning seat for mounting the half-shaft gear is provided;

[0011] A feed drive mechanism, which is used to drive the feed seat to move linearly in the horizontal direction, so as to transport the half-shaft gear on the positioning seat to the detection station for measuring the gear height and the half-shaft diameter;

[0012] A rotation drive mechanism, used for driving the positioning seat to rotate around the Z axis on the feed seat;

[0013] A data processing module, which is used to analyze the measurement data of the height measurement mechanism and the diameter measurement mechanism to obtain the size measurement result of the half-shaft gear;

[0014] And a control module, which controls the lifting mechanism, the feeding drive mechanism and the rotating drive mechanism.

[0015] Preferably, the lifting mechanism includes a mounting bracket, a mounting vertical plate arranged on the mounting bracket, a Z guide rail arranged on the mounting vertical plate along the Z-axis direction, a Z slider cooperatively arranged on the Z guide rail, a Z slide seat connected to the Z slider, a Z fixed seat fixedly arranged on the mounting vertical plate, a Z motor arranged on the mounting bracket, a Z screw rod arranged along the Z-axis direction and drivingly connected to the Z motor, and a Z screw rod nut cooperatively sleeved on the Z screw rod and connected to the Z slide seat;

[0016] The height measuring mechanism comprises a height measuring mounting seat arranged on the Z slide, three height measuring displacement sensors arranged on the height measuring mounting seat, and a position adjustment component for simultaneously adjusting the distance between the three height measuring displacement sensors and the central axis of the positioning seat.

[0017] Preferably, the position adjustment assembly includes three mounting through grooves and three adjusting waist holes of the same size that are opened on the height measuring mounting seat, three adjusting slide grooves of the same size that are opened on the bottom of the height measuring mounting seat and do not pass through the height measuring mounting seat, three adjusting mounting blocks that are movably arranged on the three adjusting slide grooves, and a position adjustment block that is detachably arranged in the middle of the three mounting through grooves;

[0018] The arrangement of the three installation through grooves satisfies: they are arranged to extend radially outward along the center O1 of the same virtual circle and form an angle of 120° between each other, and two adjacent installation through grooves are transitionally connected by arc segments with the same curvature and length, and the three arc segments surround to form an incomplete positioning circle, and the center O2 of the positioning circle coincides with the center O1 of the virtual circle and is on the central axis of the positioning seat;

[0019] The three adjusting waist holes are arranged on the radial outer sides of the three mounting slots respectively;

[0020] The width of the adjusting slot is greater than the width of the installing slot, and the three adjusting slots are respectively located directly below the three installing slots; the adjusting mounting block is provided with a height measuring locking hole connected to the adjusting waist hole and a height measuring mounting hole for installing a height measuring displacement sensor; the adjusting mounting block can move radially in the adjusting slot, and is fixed in position by a height measuring locking screw inserted into the adjusting waist hole and the height measuring locking hole.

[0021] Preferably, the position adjustment block comprises a replaceable limit plate of different diameters and a fixed-size mounting shaft connected to the limit plate, the outer diameter of the mounting shaft being the same as the inner diameter of the positioning circle; a fixed threaded hole is provided at the upper end of the mounting shaft, and after the mounting shaft is inserted from bottom to top into the connecting position in the middle of the three adjustment slots, the arc section fits with the outer wall of the mounting shaft, and the inner sides of the three adjustment mounting blocks fit with the outer wall of the limit plate, the position adjustment block is fixed to the height measuring mounting seat by a pressing plate provided on the height measuring mounting seat and a fixing screw passing through the pressing plate and inserted into the fixed threaded hole, and the positions of the three height measuring displacement sensors relative to the center O2 of the circle can be adjusted simultaneously by replacing the position adjustment block with limit plates of different diameters.

[0022] Preferably, the diameter measuring mechanism comprises two diameter measuring sub-mechanisms symmetrically arranged on the Z fixing seat in a horizontal plane;

[0023] The diameter measuring sub-mechanism includes a diameter measuring mounting seat arranged on the Z fixed seat, a first T-block connected to the diameter measuring mounting seat, two reinforcing plates connected to the first crossbar of the first T-block and located on both sides of the first longitudinal bar of the first T-block, an X-guide rod connected between the two reinforcing plates along the X direction, a second T-block slidably arranged on the X-guide rod along the X-axis direction, a spring connected between the second longitudinal bar of the second T-block and the first longitudinal bar of the first T-block, a diameter measuring displacement sensor arranged on the first longitudinal bar, an L-shaped measuring block connected to the second crossbar of the second T-block, and a measuring head connected to the inner side of the end of the L-shaped measuring block;

[0024] The second longitudinal rod is provided with an X-guide sliding hole, and the X-guide rod passes through the first longitudinal rod and then passes through the X-guide sliding hole;

[0025] The measuring rod of the diameter displacement sensor sequentially passes through the reinforcing plate and the first longitudinal rod and then contacts the second longitudinal rod, and a gasket for contacting the measuring rod of the diameter displacement sensor is provided on the second longitudinal rod;

[0026] The end of the second longitudinal rod is connected to a first slide block, and the first cross bar is provided with a first slide rail matched with the first slide block; both ends of the second cross bar are connected to second slide blocks, and the end of the reinforcing plate is provided with a second slide rail matched with the second slide block.

[0027] Preferably, the diameter measuring displacement sensor is a contact displacement sensor, which measures the displacement of the object being measured by detecting the movement of its measuring rod relative to the displacement sensor body;

[0028] After the axle gear on the feed seat is pushed into the detection station by the feed drive mechanism, the measuring heads on the two diameter measuring sub-mechanisms are in close contact with the outer wall of the axle portion of the axle gear from both sides, so that the diameter of the axle portion of the axle gear is measured by the diameter measuring displacement sensors on the two diameter measuring sub-mechanisms;

[0029] The lifting mechanism drives the height measuring mechanism to move downward until the measuring rod of the height measuring displacement sensor contacts the upper surface of the gear portion of the half-shaft gear, so as to measure the height of the gear portion of the half-shaft gear through the height measuring displacement sensor.

[0030] Preferably, the feed seat comprises a horizontal moving plate, a turntable rotatable about the Z axis and arranged on the horizontal moving plate, and the positioning seat arranged on the turntable, the upper part of the positioning seat is provided with a gear mounting groove matching the gear part of the side shaft gear; a positioning bottom surface is arranged in the positioning seat, and after the side shaft gear is arranged on the positioning seat, the bottom surface of the gear part of the side shaft gear is in contact with the positioning bottom surface;

[0031] The rotation driving mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the horizontal moving plate and is used for driving the turntable to rotate.

[0032] Preferably, the feed drive mechanism comprises a horizontal slide rail arranged in the horizontal direction, a horizontal slider arranged on the horizontal slide rail, a horizontal drive block arranged on the horizontal moving plate, and a horizontal drive mechanism for driving the horizontal drive block to move linearly;

[0033] The side gear precision dimension measuring device also includes a purge mechanism for purging and cleaning the positioning seat and the side gear thereon, and a photoelectric switch group arranged on both sides of the feed drive mechanism for judging whether there is a side gear on the positioning seat.

[0034] Preferably, the side gear precision dimension measuring device further comprises a self-correcting locking mechanism for locking the position of the horizontal moving plate, wherein the self-correcting locking mechanism comprises a locking electric push rod, a tapered locking column connected to the end of the locking electric push rod, and a locking hole provided at the bottom of the horizontal moving plate for the tapered locking column to be inserted into;

[0035] The diameter of the conical locking column gradually decreases from bottom to top, and a ball-shaped top end is provided at the end of the conical locking column;

[0036] The locking hole includes a trumpet hole section, a conical hole section and a spherical hole section which are opened in sequence from the outside to the inside. The inner diameter of the locking hole gradually decreases from bottom to top, and the maximum diameter of the trumpet hole section is greater than the maximum diameter of the conical locking column. The minimum diameter of the conical hole section is the same as the minimum diameter of the conical locking column, and the size of the spherical hole section matches the ball-shaped top.

[0037] The present invention also provides a method for measuring the precision dimensions of a side gear, which uses the device as described above to measure the height dimension and diameter dimension of the side shaft portion of the side gear, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0038] S1. Adjust the diameter measuring mechanism to the reference initial state in advance and determine the initial parameters:

[0039] The measuring rods of the diameter displacement sensors of the two diameter measuring sub-mechanisms are placed in the initial zero position U0, reaching the reference initial state, and the distance D0 between the inner ends of the measuring heads of the two diameter measuring sub-mechanisms at this time is obtained, that is, the initial parameter;

[0040] Where D0 = 0.3 to 0.95D B , D B is the design diameter of the half shaft portion of the half shaft gear to be measured;

[0041] The measuring rod being in the initial zero position means that: the measuring rod is just in contact with the gasket on the second longitudinal rod, but is not subjected to the force exerted by the gasket;

[0042] S2, controlling the purge mechanism to purge the positioning seat, and after the positioning seat receives the side gear to be measured, controlling the purge mechanism to purge the surface of the side gear again, the control module controls the feed drive mechanism to drive the feed seat to move, so that the side gear is moved to the detection station, and then controlling the self-correction locking mechanism to lock the feed seat;

[0043] At this time, the connecting line between the measuring heads of the two diameter measuring sub-mechanisms is a diameter of the semi-axis portion, that is, at this time, the distance between the measuring heads of the two diameter measuring sub-mechanisms is the diameter value of the semi-axis portion;

[0044] S3. Diameter measurement:

[0045] The measurement results of the diameter displacement sensors of the two diameter measurement sub-mechanisms are obtained and recorded as d x1 d x2 , d x1 d x2In order to measure the displacement of the measuring rod of the diameter displacement sensor relative to the initial zero position U0 of each measuring rod, the diameter measurement result D of the half shaft part of the half shaft gear is calculated by the following formula: x :D x =D0+d x1 +d x2 ;

[0046] S4. Height measurement:

[0047] The control module first controls the height measuring mechanism to move to the initial height position, and then controls the height measuring mechanism to move downward until any one of the measuring rods of the three height measuring displacement sensors contacts the upper surface of the gear portion of the half-shaft gear, and stops, and records the displacement of the measuring rod of the height measuring displacement sensor currently in contact with the upper surface of the gear portion from the initial height position to the current position; the height measuring mechanism continues to move downward, and records the displacement of the measuring rods of the remaining height measuring displacement sensors from the initial height position to the contact with the upper surface of the gear portion, and the displacements of the measuring rods of the three height measuring displacement sensors are respectively recorded as h x1 、h x2 、h x3 ;

[0048] The data processing module calculates the measured height H of the half-axle gear by the following formula: x :H x =H0-(h x1 +h x2 +h x3 ) / 3; where H0 is a known quantity, representing the vertical distance between the initial height position and the positioning bottom surface on the positioning seat;

[0049] S5. Measurement of the roundness of the semi-axle and the height uniformity of the gear:

[0050] S5-1, after completing steps S3 and S4, the position of the diameter measuring mechanism is kept unchanged, and the height measuring mechanism is controlled to move to the initial height position; then the control machine controls the rotary drive mechanism to drive the feed seat to rotate around the Z axis, so that the half-shaft gear rotates 360° around the Z axis;

[0051] S5-1-1. During the rotation of the half-axle gear, the data processing module obtains N diameter measurement data: one diameter measurement data includes the diameter measurement result D of the half-axle portion of the half-axle gear at a certain rotation angle i. xi ;

[0052] D xi -D B The curve fitting is performed with the ordinate as the vertical coordinate and the rotation angle i as the horizontal coordinate to obtain the roundness characterization curve f x , where D Bis the design diameter of the semi-axle, i.e. the target diameter;

[0053] In the roundness characterization curve f x In the calculation, the area formed by the curve and the horizontal axis is recorded as the unevenness area S x ; Calculate the roundness characterization index RO x , R.O. x =(S x -S B ) / S x ; Among them, S B The roundness characterization curve f of the half-shaft gear standard part obtained by the method of steps S2 and S3 is B The unevenness area in

[0054] S x ,RO x The smaller ≤1 is, the better the roundness is. When both conditions are met: D max ≤D ε 、|D min |≤D ε , S x ≤S ε And RO x ≤RO ε When , it indicates that the roundness is qualified; among them, D ε is the preset diameter difference threshold, S ε is a preset unevenness area threshold;

[0055] S5-1-2. During the rotation of the half-axle gear, when the rotation angles of the half-axle gear are 45°, 90°, 135°, 180°, 225°, 270°, and 315° respectively, the data processing module obtains the measured height of the half-axle gear at each rotation angle, which is recorded as H x1 , H x2 , H x3 , H x4 , H x5 , H x6 , H x7 ; Calculate the gear part height uniformity characterization index RH x :

[0056] When RH x ≤RH ε When , it indicates that the height uniformity of the gear part is qualified;

[0057] Among them, H B RH is the design value of the gear height of the side gear. ε It is a preset threshold value of the height uniformity characterization indicator.

[0058] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0059] The present invention provides a device for measuring the precision dimensions of a half-axle gear and a detection method based on the device. The present invention can realize simultaneous and automatic detection of the half-axle diameter and the gear height of the half-axle gear, thereby improving detection efficiency and detection accuracy.

[0060] In the height measuring mechanism provided by the present invention, the position adjustment block can be provided to simultaneously realize the precise positioning and adjustment of the positions of the three height measuring displacement sensors in the horizontal plane, and by replacing different position adjustment blocks, on the one hand, it can be applicable to the height measurement of the side shaft gears of different sizes, and on the other hand, the position for measuring the height of the side shaft gear can also be adjusted;

[0061] In the diameter measuring mechanism provided by the present invention, even if the position of the measuring head changes at the beginning of the test due to factors such as the change in the free length of the spring, it will not affect the measurement result, which can reduce the requirements for the accuracy of the initial position of the measurement, and can also avoid the trouble of accurately adjusting the initial position of the measuring head before each measurement; on the other hand, through the design of the diameter measuring mechanism structure, the driving force of the half-shaft gear feeding can be used to achieve the relative displacement between the diameter measuring displacement sensor and the half-shaft part, and there is no need to set up a driving mechanism to drive the diameter measuring displacement sensor to move, so a driving mechanism can be omitted, simplifying the overall structure;

[0062] The present invention can not only realize the locking of the horizontal moving plate by setting a self-correcting locking mechanism, but also correct the position deviation of the horizontal moving plate caused by factors such as inertia and the like which is different from the required stop position to a certain extent, and can be replaced to ensure the measurement accuracy;

[0063] In the present invention, by setting a rotation drive mechanism and cooperating with the method of the present invention, the measurement of the roundness of the semi-axle part and the measurement of the height uniformity of the gear part can also be achieved;

[0064] In the measurement of the roundness of the semi-axle part, a limited number of data points are collected and then curve fitting is performed to obtain the roundness characterization curve f x , a small number of data points can be used to reflect the diameter of the entire circumferential inner semi-axis portion, which can better represent the actual diameter of the entire semi-axis portion at each point on the surface, and can reduce measurement errors and improve measurement accuracy; further, by obtaining the unevenness area S x , and compared with the standard parts to obtain the roundness characterization index RO x , can directly and comprehensively reflect the roundness of the semi-axis part, and obtain test results with better evaluation value;

[0065] In the measurement of the height uniformity of the gear part, selecting multiple different positions on the gear part surface for measurement can reduce the measurement error and improve the measurement accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0066] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device for measuring the precision dimension of axle gears in Example 1;

[0067] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the side gear in Example 1;

[0068] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the gear portion height and the half-shaft portion diameter of the half-shaft gear in Example 1;

[0069] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the lifting mechanism, the height measuring mechanism and the diameter measuring mechanism in Example 1;

[0070] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the height measurement mechanism in Example 1;

[0071] Figure 6 is an exploded view of the height measurement mechanism in Example 1;

[0072] Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of the height measurement mechanism in Embodiment 1 from another perspective;

[0073] Figure 8 is a top view of the height measurement mechanism in Example 1;

[0074] Fig. 9 is a bottom view of the height measurement mechanism in Example 1;

[0075] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the height measuring mounting base in Example 1;

[0076] Fig.11 is a top view of the height measuring mounting base in Example 1;

[0077] Fig.12 is a schematic diagram of the positioning circle in Example 1;

[0078] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the diameter measuring mechanism in Example 1;

[0079] Fig.14 is a top view of the diameter measuring mechanism in Example 1;

[0080] Fig.15 A top view of a diameter measuring sub-mechanism in Example 1;

[0081] Fig.16 It is an exploded view of the cooperation between the feed seat and the feed drive mechanism in Example 1;

[0082] Fig.17It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the feed seat and the feed drive mechanism in Example 1;

[0083] Fig.18 It is a structural schematic diagram of the locking electric push rod in Example 1;

[0084] Fig.19 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the locking hole in Example 1;

[0085] Fig. 20 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the locking electric push rod and the locking hole in Example 1;

[0086] Fig.21 This is a flow chart of the method for measuring the precise dimensions of axle gears in Example 2;

[0087] Fig. 22 is a roundness characterization curve f of a half-axle gear to be tested in Example 2 x The roundness characterization curve f of the standard part of the half-shaft gear B .

[0088] Description of reference numerals:

[0089] 1—height measuring mechanism; 10—height measuring mounting seat; 11—height measuring displacement sensor;

[0090] 12—position adjustment component; 120—mounting slot; 1200—arc segment; 1201—positioning circle; 121—adjusting waist hole; 122—adjusting slide; 123—adjusting mounting block; 1230—height measurement locking hole; 1231—height measurement mounting hole; 124—position adjustment block; 1240—limiting plate; 1241—mounting shaft; 1242—fixing threaded hole; 125—pressing piece;

[0091] 2—diameter measuring mechanism; 2a, 2b—diameter measuring sub-mechanism; 20—diameter measuring mounting seat; 21—first T-block; 210—first crossbar; 2100—first slide rail; 211—first longitudinal bar; 22—reinforcement plate; 220—second slide rail; 23—X guide bar; 24—second T-block; 240—second crossbar; 2400—second slide block; 241—second longitudinal bar; 2410—first slide block; 242—gasket; 25—spring; 26—diameter measuring displacement sensor; 260—displacement sensor body; 261—measuring rod; 27—L-shaped measuring block; 28—measuring head;

[0092] 3—lifting mechanism; 30—mounting bracket; 31—mounting vertical plate; 32—Z guide rail; 33—Z slider; 34—Z slide seat; 35—Z fixed seat; 36—Z motor; 37—Z screw rod; 38—Z screw rod nut;

[0093] 4—feed seat; 40—horizontal moving plate; 41—turntable; 42—positioning seat; 43—gear mounting groove; 44—positioning bottom surface;

[0094] 5—feed drive mechanism; 50—horizontal slide rail; 51—horizontal slide block; 52—horizontal drive block; 53—horizontal drive mechanism; 530—electric push rod mounting seat; 531—horizontal electric push rod; 532—output rod;

[0095] 6—rotation drive mechanism;

[0096] 7—self-correcting locking mechanism; 70—locking electric push rod; 71—conical locking column; 710—ball head top; 72—locking hole; 720—horn hole section; 721—conical hole section; 722—spherical hole section;

[0097] 8—Purge mechanism; 80—Photoelectric switch group;

[0098] 9—semi-axle gear; 90—semi-axle portion; 91—gear portion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0099] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention with reference to the description.

[0100] It should be understood that the terms such as “having”, “including” and “comprising” used herein do not exclude the existence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof.

[0101] Example 1

[0102] Reference Figure 1-20 This embodiment provides a device for measuring the precision dimensions of a side shaft gear. The side shaft gear 9 includes a side shaft portion 90 and a gear portion 91, including:

[0103] A height measuring mechanism 1, which is used to measure the height of the gear portion 91 of the side gear 9, the height being the distance between the upper surface and the lower surface of the gear portion 91;

[0104] A diameter measuring mechanism 2, which is used to measure the diameter of the half shaft portion 90 of the half shaft gear 9;

[0105] A lifting mechanism 3, which is used to drive the height measuring mechanism 1 to move up and down along the Z-axis direction;

[0106] A feed seat 4, on which a positioning seat 42 for mounting the axle gear 9 is provided;

[0107] A feed drive mechanism 5, which is used to drive the feed seat 4 to move linearly in the horizontal direction, so as to transport the half-shaft gear 9 on the positioning seat 42 to the detection station to measure the height of the gear part 91 and the diameter of the half-shaft part 90;

[0108] A rotary drive mechanism 6, which is used to drive the positioning seat 42 to rotate around the Z axis on the feed seat 4;

[0109] A data processing module, which is used to analyze the measurement data of the height measurement mechanism 1 and the diameter measurement mechanism 2 to obtain the size measurement result of the side gear 9;

[0110] A control module, which controls the lifting mechanism 3, the feed drive mechanism 5 and the rotation drive mechanism 6;

[0111] The purge mechanism 8 is used to purge and clean the positioning seat 42 and the half-shaft gear 9 thereon.

[0112] And a photoelectric switch group 80 is arranged on both sides of the feed drive mechanism 5 and is used to determine whether there is a half-shaft gear 9 on the positioning seat 42.

[0113] Reference Figure 2-3 , is a schematic diagram of the structure of the side gear 9, Figure 3 The height H of the gear portion 91 and the diameter D of the half shaft portion 90 are specifically illustrated.

[0114] Reference Figure 4 In this embodiment, the lifting mechanism 3 includes a mounting bracket 30, a mounting vertical plate 31 arranged on the mounting bracket 30, a Z guide rail 32 arranged on the mounting vertical plate 31 along the Z-axis direction, a Z slider 33 arranged on the Z guide rail 32, a Z slide seat 34 connected to the Z slider 33, a Z fixed seat 35 fixed on the mounting vertical plate 31, a Z motor 36 arranged on the mounting bracket 30, a Z screw rod 37 arranged along the Z-axis direction and drivingly connected to the Z motor 36, and a Z screw rod nut 38 sleeved on the Z screw rod 37 and connected to the Z slide seat 34;

[0115] The Z motor 36 drives the Z screw 37 to rotate, and through the guidance of the Z slider 33 and the Z guide rail 32, the Z screw nut 38 is made to move linearly in the Z direction, so as to drive the Z slide 34 and the height measuring mechanism 1 thereon to perform high-precision lifting and lowering. The position of the Z slide 34 can be obtained through the motor speed or by setting conventional components such as a grating ruler.

[0116] Reference Figure 5-12 In this embodiment, the height measuring mechanism 1 includes a height measuring mounting seat 10 arranged on the Z slide 34, three height measuring displacement sensors 11 arranged on the height measuring mounting seat 10, and a position adjustment component 12 for simultaneously adjusting the distance between the three height measuring displacement sensors 11 and the central axis of the positioning seat 42.

[0117] The position adjustment assembly 12 includes three installation slots 120 and three adjustment waist holes 121 of the same size that are opened on the height measuring mounting seat 10, three adjustment slide slots 122 of the same size that are opened at the bottom of the height measuring mounting seat 10 and do not pass through the height measuring mounting seat 10, three adjustment mounting blocks 123 that are movably arranged on the three adjustment slide slots 122, and a position adjustment block 124 that is detachably arranged in the middle of the three installation slots 120;

[0118] The arrangement of the three installation grooves 120 satisfies: extending radially outward along the center O1 of the same virtual circle, and forming an angle of 120° between each other, (i.e., the inner sides of the three installation grooves 120 are interconnected and intersect at the center O1, and two adjacent installation grooves 120 are transitionally connected by arc segments 1200 with the same curvature and length, and the three arc segments 1200 surround to form an incomplete positioning circle 1201, and the center O2 of the positioning circle 1201 coincides with the center O1 of the virtual circle and is on the central axis of the positioning seat 42;

[0119] The three adjusting waist holes 121 are respectively arranged on the radial outer sides of the three mounting through grooves 120;

[0120] The width of the adjusting slot 122 is greater than the width of the mounting slot 120, and the three adjusting slots 122 are respectively located directly below the three mounting slots 120; the adjusting mounting block 123 is provided with a height measuring locking hole 1230 connected to the adjusting waist hole 121 and a height measuring mounting hole 1231 for mounting the height measuring displacement sensor 11; the adjusting mounting block 123 can move radially in the adjusting slot 122, and its position is fixed by inserting the height measuring locking screws inserted into the adjusting waist hole 121 and the height measuring locking hole 1230.

[0121] Among them, the position adjustment block 124 includes a replaceable limit plate 1240 with different diameters and a fixed-size installation shaft 1241 connected to the limit plate 1240, the outer diameter of the installation shaft 1241 is the same as the inner diameter of the positioning circle 1201; a fixed threaded hole 1242 is opened at the upper end of the installation shaft 1241, and after the installation shaft 1241 is inserted from bottom to top into the connecting position in the middle of the three adjustment slots 122, the arc section 1200 fits with the outer wall of the installation shaft 1241, and the inner sides of the three adjustment installation blocks 123 fit with the outer wall of the limit plate 1240, the position adjustment block 124 is fixed on the height measuring mounting seat 10 by a pressing piece 125 arranged on the height measuring mounting seat 10 and a fixing screw passing through the pressing piece 125 and inserted into the fixing threaded hole 1242, and the positions of the three height measuring displacement sensors 11 relative to the center O2 are adjusted simultaneously by replacing the position adjustment block 124 with limit plates 1240 of different diameters.

[0122] When in use, after the installation shaft 1241 is inserted into the connecting position in the middle of the three adjustment slots 122, the three arc segments 1200 are tightly attached to the outer wall of the installation shaft 1241 to realize the positioning of the installation shaft 1241, ensuring that the axis of the installation shaft 1241 coincides with the axis of the positioning seat 42, and are fixed by screws; then the inner sides of the three position adjustment blocks 124 are tightly attached to the outer wall of the limit plate 1240 to realize the positioning of the three position adjustment blocks 124, and are fixed by screws. The positions of the three position adjustment blocks 124 depend on the diameter of the limit plate 1240, so the precise positioning and adjustment of the positions of the three height displacement sensors 11 in the horizontal plane can be simultaneously achieved through the limit plate 1240.

[0123] In this embodiment, position adjustment blocks 124 of different sizes can be replaced. In position adjustment blocks 124 of different sizes, the size of the mounting shaft 1241 is the same, but the size of the limit plate 1240 is different. Replacing different position adjustment blocks 124 is used to adjust the distance of the three height displacement sensors 11 relative to their center (i.e., the circle center O2), so that on the one hand, it can be suitable for the height measurement of the side shaft gears 9 of different sizes, and on the other hand, it can also adjust the position for measuring the height of the side shaft gear 9. For example, by replacing several position adjustment blocks 124 with limit plates 1240 of different diameters, several points on the gear surface of the side shaft gear 9 at different distances from the circle center O2 can be taken for height measurement, and then the average value is taken as the measurement result, which can also improve the accuracy of the measurement result.

[0124] The height displacement sensor 11 can be a conventional contact displacement sensor. When its measuring rod 261 contacts the object to be measured, it can generate a signal to locate the contact surface. By obtaining information such as the displacement between the measuring rod 261 and the contact surface, the position of the contact surface can be measured. For example, in some embodiments, MAHR-P2004M can be selected, and of course other conventional contact displacement sensors with the above functions can also be selected.

[0125] A measuring principle of the height measuring mechanism 1 is:

[0126] After the half-shaft gear 9 to be tested enters the detection station (the half-shaft gear 9 is directly below the height measuring mechanism 1, and the axis of the mounting shaft 1241 coincides with the axis of the positioning seat 42), the height measuring mechanism 1 is controlled to be raised and lowered by the lifting mechanism 3, and the height of each position can be obtained; first, the height measuring mechanism 1 is made to reach the initial position (which can be positioned by a conventional optical coupler or grating ruler), and the vertical distance H0 between the bottom of the measuring rod 261 of the height measuring displacement sensor 11 and the positioning bottom surface 44 on the positioning seat 42 is accurately measured at this time, and then the height measuring displacement sensor 11 is moved downward until the measuring rod 261 of the height measuring displacement sensor 11 contacts the upper surface of the gear part 91 and stops, and the displacement of the measuring rod 261 when stopping is recorded. Since there are three height measuring displacement sensors 11, for the upper surface of the gear part 91 being a theoretical plane, the three height measuring displacement sensors 11 will contact the upper surface of the gear part 91 at the same time, but in fact, the heights at different positions on the upper surface of the gear part 91 may be different, so the displacements of the three height measuring displacement sensors 11 may be different, and the three displacements h are recorded. x1 、h x2 、h x3 Then, the displacement average of the three height measuring displacement sensors 11 is calculated, and the measured height of the gear part 91 is obtained by subtracting the average from H0. By measuring the height at three positions, the measurement error can be reduced.

[0127] Reference Figure 13-15 In this embodiment, the diameter measuring mechanism 2 includes two diameter measuring sub-mechanisms 2a and 2b symmetrically arranged on the Z fixing seat 35 in a horizontal plane;

[0128] The diameter measuring sub-mechanism includes a diameter measuring mounting seat 20 arranged on a Z fixing seat 35, a first T-block 21 connected to the diameter measuring mounting seat 20, two reinforcing plates 22 connected to a first crossbar 210 of the first T-block 21 and located on both sides of a first longitudinal bar 211 of the first T-block 21, an X-guide rod 23 connected between the two reinforcing plates along the X direction, a second T-block 24 slidably arranged on the X-guide rod 23 along the X-axis direction, a spring 25 connected between a second longitudinal bar 241 of the second T-block 24 and a first longitudinal bar 211 of the first T-block 21, a diameter measuring displacement sensor 26 arranged on the first longitudinal bar 211, an L-shaped measuring block 27 connected to a second crossbar 240 of the second T-block 24, and a measuring head 28 connected to the inner side of the end of the L-shaped measuring block 27;

[0129] The second longitudinal rod 241 is provided with an X-guide sliding hole, and the X-guide rod 23 passes through the first longitudinal rod 211 and then passes through the X-guide sliding hole;

[0130] The measuring rod 261 of the diameter displacement sensor 26 passes through the reinforcing plate 22 and the first longitudinal rod 211 in sequence and contacts the second longitudinal rod 241. The second longitudinal rod 241 is provided with a gasket 242 for contacting the measuring rod 261 of the diameter displacement sensor 26.

[0131] The end of the second longitudinal rod 241 is connected to the first slider 2410, and the first cross bar 210 is provided with a first slide rail 2100 cooperating with the first slider 2410; both ends of the second cross bar 240 are connected to the second slider 2400, and the end of the reinforcing plate 22 is provided with a second slide rail 220 cooperating with the second slider 2400.

[0132] Among them, the diameter displacement sensor 26 is a conventional contact displacement sensor, which measures the displacement of the object to be measured by detecting the movement of its measuring rod 261 relative to the displacement sensor body 260; that is, when the measuring rod 261 is subjected to pressure, it will move within the displacement sensor body 260, and its moving distance can be directly obtained, and the measurement of the object to be measured is achieved through the moving distance. In this embodiment, the diameter displacement sensor 26 adopts a contact LVDT inductive position sensor, specifically, conventional commercial products such as 1301 / 1303 / 1304K / 1318Magr-LVDT, or a DC rebound LVDT linear displacement sensor disclosed in patent CN209623609U, etc. Of course, other conventional displacement sensor products with the above functions can also be selected.

[0133] After the axle gear 9 on the feed seat 4 is pushed into the detection station by the feed drive mechanism 5, the measuring heads 28 on the two diameter measuring sub-mechanisms are in close contact with the outer wall of the axle shaft portion 90 of the axle gear 9 from both sides, so that the diameter of the axle shaft portion 90 of the axle gear 9 is measured by the diameter measuring displacement sensors 26 on the two diameter measuring sub-mechanisms;

[0134] The lifting mechanism 3 drives the height measuring mechanism 1 to move downward until the measuring rod 261 of the height displacement sensor 11 contacts the upper surface of the gear portion 91 of the half-shaft gear 9, so as to measure the height of the gear portion 91 of the half-shaft gear 9 through the height displacement sensor 11.

[0135] The Z fixing seat 35 has a mounting groove along the X direction. The diameter measuring mounting seat 20 can adjust the position of the X direction within a certain range in the mounting groove to adapt to the side shaft gears 9 of different sizes. After adjustment, the screw is inserted into the threaded hole of the Z fixing seat 35 after passing through the waist hole on the diameter measuring mounting seat 20 to fix it. The initial spacing between the two diameter measuring mounting seats 20 should be set according to the half shaft diameter of the side shaft gear 9. Specifically, it can usually be set according to the following requirements:

[0136] The initial spacing between the two diameter measuring mounting seats 20 is set, and the measuring rods 261 of the diameter measuring displacement sensors 26 of the two diameter measuring sub-mechanisms are both at the initial zero position U0. At this time, the spacing between the inner ends of the measuring heads 28 of the two diameter measuring sub-mechanisms is D0, where D0 satisfies: D0 = 0.3 to 0.95D B , more preferably: D0 = 0.65 ~ 0.95D B , D B is the design diameter of the half shaft portion 90 of the half shaft gear 9 to be measured, that is, the target processing diameter of the half shaft portion 90. The two measuring heads 28 are symmetrical with respect to the central axis of the positioning seat 42, that is, the distance between each measuring head 28 and the center is 0.5D0.

[0137] This arrangement makes it possible for the spacing between the measuring heads 28 of the two diameter measuring sub-mechanisms to be smaller than the diameter of the half-shaft (there may be processing errors in the half-shaft portion 90, but the processing errors are usually very small, so the diameter of the half-shaft portion 90 of the half-shaft gear 9 to be measured will also be smaller than the spacing between the two measuring heads 28). When the half-shaft gear 9 is driven by the horizontal moving plate 40 to enter the inspection station, the half-shaft portion 90 can be inserted between the two measuring heads 28 and maintain contact with the inner ends of the two measuring heads 28.

[0138] One measuring principle of the diameter measuring mechanism 2 is:

[0139] 1) First, the spring 25 and the diameter displacement sensor 26 are installed and set, so that the measuring rod 261 is in the initial zero position U0, that is, the measuring rod 261 is just in contact with the gasket 242 on the second longitudinal rod 241, but is not subjected to the force applied by the gasket 242;

[0140] Set the initial spacing between the two diameter measuring mounting seats 20 so that the spacing D0 between the inner ends of the measuring heads 28 of the two diameter measuring sub-mechanisms satisfies: D0 = 0.3 to 0.95D B , and obtain the specific value of D0, and lock and fix the two diameter measuring mounting seats 20;

[0141] 2) The positioning seat 42 is purged by the purging mechanism 8, and then the side gear 9 to be measured is placed on the positioning seat 42 by an external manipulator or manually. After the photoelectric switch group 80 detects that the side gear 9 is placed, the purging mechanism 8 purges the surface of the side gear 9 and then performs measurement. Purging prevents the cutting fluid and iron filings and other debris remaining on the positioning seat 42 or the side gear 9 from affecting the measurement;

[0142] The control module controls the feed drive mechanism 5 to drive the feed seat 4 to move along the Y-axis direction, so that the half-shaft gear 9 moves from outside to inside ( Fig.14 The feed seat 4 is moved from bottom to top in the inspection station, and then the self-correction locking mechanism 7 is controlled to lock the feed seat 4;

[0143] When the half-shaft gear 9 enters the inspection station, since the distance between the inner ends of the left and right measuring heads 28 is smaller than the diameter of the half-shaft, the measuring heads 28 will gradually contact the outer wall of the half-shaft portion 90 and move relatively until the half-shaft gear 9 reaches the inspection station. At this time, the connecting line between the measuring heads 28 of the two diameter measuring sub-mechanisms is a diameter of the half-shaft portion 90, that is, the distance between the measuring heads 28 of the two diameter measuring sub-mechanisms is the diameter value of the half-shaft portion 90; the diameter of the half-shaft portion 90 can be obtained by obtaining the distance between the two measuring heads 28.

[0144] 3)Reference Fig.14 In the diameter measuring sub-mechanism on the left side, during the movement of the half-shaft gear 9, the measuring head 28 contacts the outer wall of the half-shaft portion 90 and receives the reverse left and right force, so that the L-shaped measuring block 27 moves forward together with the second T-shaped block 24, so that the second longitudinal rod 241 of the second T-shaped block 24 presses the measuring rod 261 of the diameter displacement sensor 26 to the left, so that the measuring rod 261 retracts to the left into the displacement sensor body 260, and the spring 25 is compressed. When reaching the detection station, the measuring rod 261 stops moving to the left, and its displacement relative to the displacement sensor body 260 (at this time, it moves from the initial zero position to the current position) can be directly obtained, which is recorded as d x1 Similarly, in the diameter measuring sub-mechanism on the right side, the displacement of the measuring rod 261 is recorded as d x2 , then the diameter measurement result D of the half shaft portion 90 of the half shaft gear 9 is x =D0+d x1 +d x2 (1);

[0145] During the movement, the dual guiding effect of the X guide rod 23 and the first slider 2410 cooperating with the first slide rail 2100, and the second slider 2400 cooperating with the second slide rail 220 can ensure the high linearity of the movement, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the measurement;

[0146] After the diameter measurement is completed, the half-shaft gear 9 is moved outward, and under the elastic force of the spring 25, the second T-block 24 drives the L-shaped measuring block 27 to move rightward and reset, so that the measuring head 28 returns to the initial position.

[0147] It is understandable that the free length of the spring 25 will change after long-term use. Generally speaking, such change will affect the measurement result. However, the present invention can avoid the influence of the measurement result caused by the above reasons. Specifically:

[0148] In the present application, the spring 25 is mainly subjected to pressure, and may not be able to return to the initial stroke after being frequently compressed, that is, the spring 25 may become shorter, so when measuring the initial state, the actual zero position of the measuring rod 261 will shrink inward relative to the initial zero position U0, which is Fig.14For the diameter measuring sub-mechanism on the left side, it shrinks to the left, assuming that d 01 The diameter measuring sub-mechanism on the right side shrinks to the right, assuming that d 02 At this time, the actual distance between the inner ends of the measuring heads 28 of the two diameter measuring sub-mechanisms is D0'=D0+d 01 +d 02 ;

[0149] Diameter measurement result d x1 ,d x2 To measure the displacement of the rod 261 relative to the initial zero position U0, the actual displacement d of the left measuring rod 261 is x1 '=d x1 -d 01 , the actual displacement d of the right measuring rod 261 x2 '=d x2 -d 02 ;

[0150] So, at this time: D x =D0'+d x1 '+d x2 '=D0+d 01 +d 02 +d x1 -d 01 +d x2 -d 02 =D0+d x1 +d x2 ; This result is the same as the above formula (1), which shows that in the measurement of the present invention, even if the free length of the spring 25 changes, it will not affect the measurement result; that is, it is only necessary to set the positions of the two diameter measuring sub-mechanisms and record the spacing D0 at the beginning. Even if the position of the measuring head 28 changes at the beginning of the test during subsequent measurements, it will not affect the measurement result, thereby reducing the requirements for the accuracy of the initial position of the measurement and avoiding the trouble of accurately adjusting the initial position of the measuring head 28 before each measurement.

[0151] On the other hand, by using the above-mentioned structural arrangement to measure the diameter, the driving force of the half-shaft gear 9 can be used to realize the relative displacement between the diameter displacement sensor 26 and the half-shaft part 90. There is no need to set up a driving mechanism to drive the diameter displacement sensor 26 to move, so a driving mechanism can be omitted to simplify the overall structure.

[0152] Reference Figure 16-17In this embodiment, the feed seat 4 includes a horizontal moving plate 40, a turntable 41 rotatable around the Z axis and arranged on the horizontal moving plate 40, and a positioning seat 42 arranged on the turntable 41. The upper part of the positioning seat 42 is provided with a gear mounting groove 43 matching the gear portion 91 of the half-shaft gear 9; a positioning bottom surface 44 is provided in the positioning seat 42. After the half-shaft gear 9 is arranged on the positioning seat 42, the bottom surface of the gear portion 91 of the half-shaft gear 9 is in contact with the positioning bottom surface 44.

[0153] The rotary drive mechanism 6 is arranged at the bottom of the horizontal moving plate 40, and is used to drive the turntable 41 to rotate. The rotary drive mechanism 6 can adopt a conventional drive mechanism. In this embodiment, it includes a motor and a shaft. The motor drives the shaft to rotate, and the shaft is driven and connected to the turntable 41, thereby driving the turntable 41 to rotate.

[0154] In the present invention, the half-shaft gear 9 is driven to rotate by the rotary drive mechanism 6, so that the roundness measurement of the half-shaft portion 90 and the height uniformity measurement of the gear portion 91 can also be achieved, which will be described in detail in the subsequent embodiment 2.

[0155] The feed drive mechanism 5 includes a horizontal slide rail 50 arranged in the horizontal direction, a horizontal slider 51 arranged on the horizontal slide rail 50, a horizontal drive block 52 arranged on the horizontal moving plate 40, and a horizontal drive mechanism 53 for driving the horizontal drive block 52 to move linearly. The horizontal drive mechanism 53 can adopt a conventional electric push rod mechanism or a motor screw mechanism. In this embodiment, the former is adopted. The horizontal drive mechanism 53 includes an electric push rod mounting seat 530, a horizontal electric push rod 531 arranged on the electric push rod mounting seat 530, and an output rod 532 of the horizontal electric push rod 531 is connected to the horizontal drive block 52. The output rod 532 drives the horizontal moving plate 40 to move along the Y axis through the extension and retraction of the output rod 532.

[0156] Reference Figure 18-20 In this embodiment, the side gear precision dimension measuring device further includes a self-correcting locking mechanism 7 for locking the horizontal moving plate 40, and the self-correcting locking mechanism 7 includes a locking electric push rod 70, a tapered locking column 71 connected to the end of the locking electric push rod 70, and a locking hole 72 provided at the bottom of the horizontal moving plate 40 for the tapered locking column 71 to be inserted into;

[0157] The diameter of the tapered locking column 71 gradually decreases from bottom to top, and a ball-shaped top end 710 is provided at the end of the tapered locking column 71;

[0158] The locking hole 72 includes a trumpet hole section 720, a conical hole section 721 and a spherical hole section 722 which are opened in sequence from the outside to the inside. The inner diameter of the locking hole 72 gradually decreases from bottom to top, and the maximum diameter of the trumpet hole section 720 is larger than the maximum diameter of the conical locking column 71, the minimum diameter of the conical hole section 721 is the same as the minimum diameter of the conical locking column 71, and the size of the spherical hole section 722 matches the ball head-shaped top 710.

[0159] When performing height and diameter measurements, especially when it is necessary to rotate the half-shaft gear 9 to measure the roundness of the half-shaft portion 90 and the height uniformity of the gear portion 91, it is necessary to ensure that the horizontal movable plate 40 remains locked and fixed. Therefore, the present invention achieves this by providing at least one self-correcting locking mechanism 7. In a preferred embodiment, two self-correcting locking mechanisms 7 are provided, which are located below the horizontal movable plate 40 and distributed diagonally.

[0160] Specifically, refer to Fig.16 and Fig.18 In this embodiment, the self-correcting locking mechanism 7 is located below the horizontal slide rail 50. A through hole is provided on the horizontal slide rail 50. The conical locking column 71 at the end of the locking electric push rod 70 can pass through the through hole and push upward into the locking hole 72 at the bottom of the horizontal moving plate 40.

[0161] When the horizontal driving mechanism 53 drives the horizontal moving plate 40 to move to the specified position and stops, due to the influence of factors such as inertia, the stopped position may be slightly offset from the required position, that is, the position reached by the half-shaft gear 9 is offset from the detection position. This offset may have an adverse effect on the measurement result. In the present invention, by setting the self-correcting locking mechanism 7, not only can the locking of the horizontal moving plate 40 be achieved, but also the above-mentioned position offset can be corrected to a certain extent. The specific principle is as follows:

[0162] The position setting of the self-correcting locking mechanism 7 satisfies that: when the axle gear 9 just reaches the detection position, the central axis of the conical locking column 71 coincides with the central axis of the locking hole 72;

[0163] Assuming that the stopping position of the horizontal movable plate 40 is offset from the required position, after stopping, there will be a small distance between the center axis of the conical locking column 71 and the center axis of the locking hole 72. Since the diameter of the horn hole section 720 is larger than the conical locking column 71 and even larger than the spherical head-shaped top 710, when the conical locking column 71 extends upward into the locking hole 72, the spherical head-shaped top 710 of the conical locking column 71 will first contact the inner wall of the horn hole section 720 of the locking hole 72, and then contact the inner wall of the conical hole section 721, and generate an extrusion force on the locking hole 72, so that the horizontal movable plate 40 is forced to move in the direction that reduces the distance between the center axis of the conical locking column 71 and the center axis of the locking hole 72, until the spherical head is completely inserted into the spherical hole section 722, the horizontal movable plate 40 stops moving, at which time the center axis of the conical locking column 71 coincides with the center axis of the locking hole 72, thereby realizing the correction of the position of the horizontal movable plate 40 and ensuring the measurement accuracy.

[0164] Example 2

[0165] This embodiment provides a method for measuring the precise dimensions of a side gear, which uses the device of embodiment 1 to measure the height and diameter of the side shaft portion 90 of the side gear 9, referring to Figure 2 , the method comprises the following steps:

[0166] S1. Pre-adjust the diameter measuring mechanism 2 to the reference initial state and determine the initial parameters:

[0167] The measuring rods 261 of the diameter displacement sensors 26 of the two diameter measuring sub-mechanisms are both at the initial zero position U0, reaching the reference initial state, and the distance D0 between the inner ends of the measuring heads 28 of the two diameter measuring sub-mechanisms at this time is obtained, that is, the initial parameter;

[0168] Where D0 = 0.3 to 0.95D B , more preferably D0=0.65~0.95D B In this embodiment, D0=0.85D B , D B is the design diameter of the half shaft portion 90 of the half shaft gear 9 to be measured;

[0169] The measuring rod 261 being in the initial zero position means that the measuring rod 261 is just in contact with the gasket 242 on the second longitudinal rod 241 , but is not subjected to any force exerted by the gasket 242 .

[0170] S2, move the axle gear 9 to the inspection station and lock the feed seat 4:

[0171] The purge mechanism 8 is controlled to purge the positioning seat 42. After the positioning seat 42 receives the side gear 9 to be measured, the purge mechanism 8 is controlled to purge the surface of the side gear 9 again. The control module controls the feed drive mechanism 5 to drive the feed seat 4 to move so that the side gear 9 is moved to the detection station, and then controls the self-correction locking mechanism 7 to lock the feed seat 4.

[0172] At this time, the line between the measuring heads 28 of the two diameter measuring sub-mechanisms is a diameter of the semi-axial portion 90 , that is, the distance between the measuring heads 28 of the two diameter measuring sub-mechanisms is the diameter value of the semi-axial portion 90 .

[0173] S3. Diameter measurement:

[0174] The measurement results of the diameter displacement sensors 26 of the two diameter measurement sub-mechanisms are obtained and recorded as d x1 ,d x2 , d x1 ,d x2 In order to measure the displacement of the measuring rod 261 of the diameter displacement sensor 26 relative to the initial zero position U0 of each measuring rod 261, the diameter measurement result D of the half shaft portion 90 of the half shaft gear 9 is calculated by the following formula: x :D x =D0+d x1 +d x2 .

[0175] S4. Height measurement:

[0176] The control module first controls the height measuring mechanism 1 to move to the height initial position, and then controls the height measuring mechanism 1 to move downward until any one of the measuring rods 261 of the three height measuring displacement sensors 11 contacts the upper surface of the gear portion 91 of the half-shaft gear 9, and stops, and records the displacement of the measuring rod 261 of the height measuring displacement sensor 11 currently contacting the upper surface of the gear portion 91 from the height initial position to the current position; the height measuring mechanism 1 continues to move downward, and records the displacement of the remaining measuring rods 261 of the height measuring displacement sensors 11 from the height initial position to the contact with the upper surface of the gear portion 91, and the displacements of the measuring rods 261 of the three height measuring displacement sensors 11 are respectively recorded as h x1 、h x2 、h x3 ;

[0177] The data processing module calculates the measured height H of the axle gear 9 by the following formula: x :H x =H0-(h x1 +h x2 +h x3) / 3; wherein, H0 is a known quantity, representing the vertical distance between the initial height position and the positioning bottom surface 44 on the positioning seat 42; by measuring the height of the three positions, the measurement error can be reduced.

[0178] S5, 90 degree roundness measurement of the semi-axle part and 91 degree height uniformity measurement of the gear part:

[0179] S5-1, after completing steps S3 and S4, keep the position of the diameter measuring mechanism 2 unchanged, and control the height measuring mechanism 1 to move to the initial height position; then the control machine controls the rotary drive mechanism 6 to drive the feed seat 4 to rotate around the Z axis, so that the half-shaft gear 9 rotates 360° around the Z axis;

[0180] S5-1-1. During the rotation of the side gear 9, the data processing module obtains N diameter measurement data: one diameter measurement data includes the diameter measurement result D of the side shaft portion 90 of the side gear 9 at a certain rotation angle i. xi ; For example, measure a diameter value every 10° rotation;

[0181] D xi -D B The curve fitting is performed with the ordinate as the vertical coordinate and the rotation angle i as the horizontal coordinate to obtain the roundness characterization curve f x , where D B is the design diameter of the semi-shaft portion 90, i.e., the target diameter;

[0182] In the roundness characterization curve f x In the example above, get the maximum value D of the vertical coordinate max and minimum value D min Calculate the area of ​​the region formed between the curve and the horizontal and vertical axes, and record it as the unevenness area S x ; Calculate the roundness characterization index RO x , R.O. x =(S x -S B ) / S x ;

[0183] Among them, S B The roundness characterization curve f of the standard part of the side gear 9 obtained by the method of steps S2 and S3 is B The unevenness area in

[0184] S x ,RO x The smaller ≤1 is, the better the roundness is. When both conditions are met: D max ≤D ε 、|D min |≤D ε , S x ≤S ε And ROx ≤RO ε When , it means the roundness is qualified;

[0185] Among them, D ε is the preset diameter difference threshold, S ε is a preset unevenness area threshold; the above thresholds are conventionally set according to the design dimensions and processing requirements of the half-shaft portion 90 of the half-shaft gear 9, and are not specifically limited in the present invention, for example, D ε =0.5-2μm.

[0186] In the present invention, a limited number of data points are collected and then curve fitting is performed to obtain a roundness characterization curve f x , the diameter of the entire circumferential inner semi-axle portion 90 can be reflected by a small number of data points, which can better show the actual diameter of the entire surface of the semi-axle portion 90 at each point, thereby reducing the measurement error and improving the measurement accuracy; further, by obtaining the unevenness area S x , and compared with the standard parts to obtain the roundness characterization index RO x , which can directly and comprehensively reflect the roundness of the semi-axis portion 90 and obtain test results with better evaluation value.

[0187] Reference Fig. 22 , is a roundness characterization curve f of a half-axle gear 9 to be tested in one embodiment. x and the roundness characterization curve f of the corresponding standard part of the side gear 9 B It can be seen that due to the inevitable existence of factors such as processing errors, the diameter of the half-shaft portion 90 of the standard part will also fluctuate to a certain extent within a circumferential range, but the overall fluctuation is small; the roundness characterization curve f of the half-shaft gear 9 to be tested x With f B There is partial overlap, but the diameter fluctuation of the semi-axis portion 90 is relatively large. After curve fitting with a limited number of data points, the roundness of the semi-axis portion 90 is characterized by the unevenness area, which has a more comprehensive representative value. It can objectively reflect the overall diameter uniformity of the semi-axis portion 90 through limited data points, so that the measurement and evaluation results of the roundness of the semi-axis portion 90 can more truly and comprehensively reflect the actual processing conditions of the semi-axis portion 90.

[0188] S5-1-2. During the rotation of the side gear 9, when the rotation angles of the side gear 9 are 45°, 90°, 135°, 180°, 225°, 270°, and 315° respectively, the data processing module obtains the measured height of the side gear 9 at each rotation angle, which are recorded as H x1 , H x2 , H x3 , H x4 , H x5 , H x6, H x7 ; Calculate the gear part 91 height uniformity characterization index RH x :

[0189] When RH x ≤RH ε When , it indicates that the height uniformity of the gear part 91 is qualified;

[0190] Among them, H B is the design value of the height of the gear portion 91 of the side gear 9 (i.e., the target value to be processed), RH ε It is a preset threshold value of the height uniformity characterization index, which can be conventionally set according to the design value of the height of the gear portion 91 of the half-shaft gear 9 and the processing requirements, and is not specifically limited in the present invention.

[0191] By rotating the half-shaft gear 9, a plurality of different positions on the surface of the gear portion 91 are selected for measurement, which can reduce measurement errors and improve measurement accuracy.

[0192] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and the implementation modes. They can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those familiar with the art, additional modifications can be easily implemented. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the scope of equivalents, the present invention is not limited to specific details.

Claims

1. A device for measuring the precision dimensions of a side shaft gear, the side shaft gear comprising a side shaft portion and a gear portion, characterized in that: include: A height measuring mechanism, which is used to measure the height of the gear portion of the side gear, the height being the distance between the upper surface and the lower surface of the gear portion; A diameter measuring mechanism, which is used to measure the diameter of the half shaft portion of the half shaft gear; A lifting mechanism, which is used to drive the height measuring mechanism to move up and down along the Z-axis direction; A feed seat, on which a positioning seat for mounting the half-shaft gear is provided; A feed drive mechanism, which is used to drive the feed seat to move linearly in the horizontal direction, so as to transport the half-shaft gear on the positioning seat to the detection station for measuring the gear height and the half-shaft diameter; A rotation drive mechanism, used for driving the positioning seat to rotate around the Z axis on the feed seat; A data processing module, which is used to analyze the measurement data of the height measurement mechanism and the diameter measurement mechanism to obtain the size measurement result of the half-shaft gear; and a control module, which controls the lifting mechanism, the feed drive mechanism and the rotation drive mechanism; The lifting mechanism includes a mounting bracket, a mounting vertical plate arranged on the mounting bracket, a Z guide rail arranged on the mounting vertical plate along the Z-axis direction, a Z slider arranged on the Z guide rail, a Z slide seat connected to the Z slider, a Z fixed seat fixed on the mounting vertical plate, a Z motor arranged on the mounting bracket, a Z screw rod arranged along the Z-axis direction and drivingly connected to the Z motor, and a Z screw rod nut sleeved on the Z screw rod and connected to the Z slide seat; The height measuring mechanism comprises a height measuring mounting seat arranged on the Z slide, three height measuring displacement sensors arranged on the height measuring mounting seat, and a position adjustment component for simultaneously adjusting the distance between the three height measuring displacement sensors and the central axis of the positioning seat; The diameter measuring mechanism comprises two diameter measuring sub-mechanisms symmetrically arranged on the Z fixing seat in a horizontal plane; The diameter measuring sub-mechanism includes a diameter measuring mounting seat arranged on the Z fixed seat, a first T-block connected to the diameter measuring mounting seat, two reinforcing plates connected to the first crossbar of the first T-block and located on both sides of the first longitudinal bar of the first T-block, an X-guide rod connected between the two reinforcing plates along the X direction, a second T-block slidably arranged on the X-guide rod along the X-axis direction, a spring connected between the second longitudinal bar of the second T-block and the first longitudinal bar of the first T-block, a diameter measuring displacement sensor arranged on the first longitudinal bar, an L-shaped measuring block connected to the second crossbar of the second T-block, and a measuring head connected to the inner side of the end of the L-shaped measuring block; The second longitudinal rod is provided with an X-guide sliding hole, and the X-guide rod passes through the first longitudinal rod and then passes through the X-guide sliding hole; The measuring rod of the diameter displacement sensor sequentially passes through the reinforcing plate and the first longitudinal rod and then contacts the second longitudinal rod, and a gasket for contacting the measuring rod of the diameter displacement sensor is provided on the second longitudinal rod; The end of the second longitudinal rod is connected to a first slide block, and the first cross bar is provided with a first slide rail matched with the first slide block; both ends of the second cross bar are connected to second slide blocks, and the end of the reinforcing plate is provided with a second slide rail matched with the second slide block.

2. The side gear precision dimension measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The position adjustment assembly includes three installation slots and three adjustment waist holes of the same size that are opened on the height measuring mounting seat, three adjustment slide slots of the same size that are opened on the bottom of the height measuring mounting seat and do not pass through the height measuring mounting seat, three adjustment mounting blocks that are movably arranged on the three adjustment slide slots, and a position adjustment block that is detachably arranged in the middle of the three installation slots; The arrangement of the three installation through grooves satisfies: they are arranged to extend radially outward along the center O1 of the same virtual circle and form an angle of 120° between each other, and two adjacent installation through grooves are transitionally connected by arc segments with the same curvature and length, and the three arc segments surround to form an incomplete positioning circle, and the center O2 of the positioning circle coincides with the center O1 of the virtual circle and is on the central axis of the positioning seat; The three adjusting waist holes are arranged on the radial outer sides of the three mounting slots respectively; The width of the adjusting slot is greater than the width of the installing slot, and the three adjusting slots are respectively located directly below the three installing slots; the adjusting mounting block is provided with a height measuring locking hole connected to the adjusting waist hole and a height measuring mounting hole for installing a height measuring displacement sensor; the adjusting mounting block can move radially in the adjusting slot, and is fixed in position by a height measuring locking screw inserted into the adjusting waist hole and the height measuring locking hole.

3. The side gear precision dimension measuring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The position adjustment block includes a replaceable limit plate with different diameters and a fixed-size mounting shaft connected to the limit plate, the outer diameter of the mounting shaft being the same as the inner diameter of the positioning circle; a fixed threaded hole is provided at the upper end of the mounting shaft, and after the mounting shaft is inserted from bottom to top into the connecting position in the middle of the three adjusting slots, the arc section fits with the outer wall of the mounting shaft, and the inner sides of the three adjusting mounting blocks fit with the outer wall of the limit plate; the position adjustment block is fixed to the height measuring mounting seat by a pressing piece provided on the height measuring mounting seat and a fixing screw passing through the pressing piece and inserted into the fixed threaded hole; the positions of the three height measuring displacement sensors relative to the center O2 of the circle can be adjusted simultaneously by replacing the position adjustment block with limit plates of different diameters.

4. The side gear precision dimension measuring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The diameter measuring displacement sensor is a contact displacement sensor, which measures the displacement of the object being measured by detecting the movement of its measuring rod relative to the displacement sensor body; After the axle gear on the feed seat is pushed into the detection station by the feed drive mechanism, the measuring heads on the two diameter measuring sub-mechanisms are in close contact with the outer wall of the axle portion of the axle gear from both sides, so that the diameter of the axle portion of the axle gear is measured by the diameter measuring displacement sensors on the two diameter measuring sub-mechanisms; The lifting mechanism drives the height measuring mechanism to move downward until the measuring rod of the height measuring displacement sensor contacts the upper surface of the gear portion of the half-shaft gear, so as to measure the height of the gear portion of the half-shaft gear through the height measuring displacement sensor.

5. The side gear precision dimension measuring device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The feed seat comprises a horizontal moving plate, a turntable rotatable about the Z axis and arranged on the horizontal moving plate, and the positioning seat arranged on the turntable, wherein the upper portion of the positioning seat is provided with a gear mounting groove matching the gear portion of the side shaft gear; a positioning bottom surface is arranged in the positioning seat, and after the side shaft gear is arranged on the positioning seat, the bottom surface of the gear portion of the side shaft gear is in contact with the positioning bottom surface; The rotation driving mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the horizontal moving plate and is used for driving the turntable to rotate.

6. The side gear precision dimension measuring device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The feed drive mechanism includes a horizontal slide rail arranged in the horizontal direction, a horizontal slider arranged on the horizontal slide rail, a horizontal drive block arranged on the horizontal moving plate, and a horizontal drive mechanism for driving the horizontal drive block to move linearly; The side gear precision dimension measuring device also includes a purge mechanism for purging and cleaning the positioning seat and the side gear thereon, and a photoelectric switch group arranged on both sides of the feed drive mechanism for judging whether there is a side gear on the positioning seat.

7. The side gear precision dimension measuring device according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a self-correcting locking mechanism for locking the position of the horizontal moving plate, the self-correcting locking mechanism includes a locking electric push rod, a tapered locking column connected to the end of the locking electric push rod, and a locking hole opened at the bottom of the horizontal moving plate for the tapered locking column to be inserted into; The diameter of the conical locking column gradually decreases from bottom to top, and a ball-shaped top end is provided at the end of the conical locking column; The locking hole includes a trumpet hole section, a conical hole section and a spherical hole section which are opened in sequence from the outside to the inside. The inner diameter of the locking hole gradually decreases from bottom to top, and the maximum diameter of the trumpet hole section is greater than the maximum diameter of the conical locking column. The minimum diameter of the conical hole section is the same as the minimum diameter of the conical locking column, and the size of the spherical hole section matches the ball-shaped top.

8. A method for measuring the precision dimensions of a half-axle gear, characterized in that: The device as claimed in claim 7 is used to measure the height and diameter of the half-shaft portion of the half-shaft gear, and the method comprises the following steps: S1. Adjust the diameter measuring mechanism to the reference initial state in advance and determine the initial parameters: The measuring rods of the diameter displacement sensors of the two diameter measuring sub-mechanisms are placed in the initial zero position U0, reaching the reference initial state, and the distance D0 between the inner ends of the measuring heads of the two diameter measuring sub-mechanisms at this time is obtained, that is, the initial parameter; Where D0 = 0.3 to 0.95D B , D B is the design diameter of the half shaft portion of the half shaft gear to be measured; The measuring rod being in the initial zero position means that: the measuring rod is just in contact with the gasket on the second longitudinal rod, but is not subjected to the force exerted by the gasket; S2, controlling the purge mechanism to purge the positioning seat, and after the positioning seat receives the side gear to be measured, controlling the purge mechanism to purge the surface of the side gear again, the control module controls the feed drive mechanism to drive the feed seat to move, so that the side gear is moved to the detection station, and then controlling the self-correction locking mechanism to lock the feed seat; At this time, the connecting line between the measuring heads of the two diameter measuring sub-mechanisms is a diameter of the semi-axis portion, that is, at this time, the distance between the measuring heads of the two diameter measuring sub-mechanisms is the diameter value of the semi-axis portion; S3. Diameter measurement: The measurement results of the diameter displacement sensors of the two diameter measurement sub-mechanisms are obtained and recorded as d x1 d x2 , d x1 d x2 In order to measure the displacement of the measuring rod of the diameter displacement sensor relative to the initial zero position U0 of each measuring rod, the diameter measurement result D of the half shaft part of the half shaft gear is calculated by the following formula: x :D x =D0+d x1 +d x2 ; S4. Height measurement: The control module first controls the height measuring mechanism to move to the initial height position, and then controls the height measuring mechanism to move downward until any one of the measuring rods of the three height measuring displacement sensors contacts the upper surface of the gear portion of the half-shaft gear, and stops, and records the displacement of the measuring rod of the height measuring displacement sensor currently in contact with the upper surface of the gear portion from the initial height position to the current position; the height measuring mechanism continues to move downward, and records the displacement of the measuring rods of the remaining height measuring displacement sensors from the initial height position to the contact with the upper surface of the gear portion, and the displacements of the measuring rods of the three height measuring displacement sensors are respectively recorded as h x1 、h x2 、h x3 ; The data processing module calculates the measured height H of the half-axle gear by the following formula: x :H x =H0-(h x1 +h x2 +h x3 ) / 3; where H0 is a known quantity, representing the vertical distance between the initial height position and the positioning bottom surface on the positioning seat; S5. Measurement of the roundness of the semi-axle and the height uniformity of the gear: S5-1, after completing steps S3 and S4, the position of the diameter measuring mechanism is kept unchanged, and the height measuring mechanism is controlled to move to the initial height position; then the control module controls the rotary drive mechanism to drive the feed seat to rotate around the Z axis, so that the half-shaft gear rotates 360° around the Z axis; S5-1-1. During the rotation of the half-axle gear, the data processing module obtains N diameter measurement data: one diameter measurement data includes the diameter measurement result D of the half-axle portion of the half-axle gear at a certain rotation angle i. xi ; D xi -D B The curve fitting is performed with the ordinate as the vertical coordinate and the rotation angle i as the horizontal coordinate to obtain the roundness characterization curve f x , where D B is the design diameter of the semi-axle, i.e. the target diameter; In the roundness characterization curve f x In the example above, we get the maximum value D of the vertical coordinate. max and minimum value D min , calculate the area of ​​the region formed between the curve and the horizontal axis, recorded as the unevenness area S x ; Calculate the roundness characterization index RO x , R.O. x =(S x -S B ) / S x ; Among them, S B The roundness characterization curve f of the half-shaft gear standard part obtained by the method of steps S2 and S3 is B The unevenness area in ; S x ,RO x The smaller ≤1 is, the better the roundness is. When both conditions are met: D max ≤D ε 、|D min |≤D ε , S x ≤S ε And RO x ≤RO ε When , it indicates that the roundness is qualified; among them, D ε is the preset diameter difference threshold, S ε is a preset unevenness area threshold; S5-1-2. During the rotation of the half-axle gear, when the rotation angles of the half-axle gear are 45°, 90°, 135°, 180°, 225°, 270°, and 315° respectively, the data processing module obtains the measured height of the half-axle gear at each rotation angle, which is recorded as H x1 , H x2 , H x3 , H x4 , H x5 , H x6 , H x7 ; Calculate the gear height uniformity characterization index RH x : When RH x ≤RH ε When , it indicates that the height uniformity of the gear part is qualified; Among them, H B RH is the design value of the gear height of the side gear. ε It is a preset threshold value of the height uniformity characterization indicator.

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