High slope hillside cave construction method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of engineering construction technology, specifically a construction method for a tunnel on a high slope. The method includes: S01, excavating the top of the tunnel and providing slope support; S02, excavating the right side of the tunnel and providing temporary support; S03, excavating the left side of the tunnel and providing initial support, pre-anchor support, and temporary steel frame support; S04, pouring the left tunnel structure and bottom slab; S05, constructing temporary steel frame support and dismantling the existing temporary steel frame support; S06, constructing the right tunnel structure; S07, constructing ancillary structures such as drainage ditches, cable trenches, and road surfaces within the tunnel; S08, backfilling and counter-pressure at the top of the tunnel, constructing a top seepage-proof layer, drainage ditches, and landscaping. This invention reduces excavation volume, minimizes damage to the natural environment of the mountain, avoids slope deformation and instability caused by prolonged exposure, and ensures the safe and smooth progress of the project. It also avoids structural damage to the tunnel due to water accumulation and insufficient backfill compaction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of engineering construction technology, specifically a method for constructing a tunnel on a high slope. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing awareness of environmental protection among the public, modern engineering construction is paying more and more attention to environmental protection. Therefore, in the construction of mountain highways, in order to protect the ecological environment and reduce pollution, more environmentally friendly solutions are being adopted. In difficult sections of mountain highway routes, riverbank and valley sections, sections where the route runs along the mountainside, and sections with high slopes on one side outside the tunnel entrance, the road cutting structures should follow the terrain and, as far as possible, adopt tunnel structures or semi-tunnels to achieve the purpose of protecting slopes and the natural environment.

[0003] However, existing technologies still have the following problems in the construction of tunnels on steep slopes: First, when the slope height is greater than 10m, the excavation along the bottom of the tunnel is carried out in stages, and platforms are set up in stages. The excavation volume is huge and it damages the natural environment of the mountain. In addition, due to the huge amount of excavated soil and the long exposure time of the slope, it is easy to cause deformation and damage. Large-scale excavation construction disrupts the original balance of the mountain and is prone to slope instability and landslides, which can seriously affect the progress and safety of the project. Second, the backfilling of the tunnel side is extremely critical in the overall design and construction of the tunnel. Improper construction can easily cause water accumulation. If the backfilling is not compacted, the deformation of the mountain side can easily cause damage to the tunnel structure. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the above-mentioned shortcomings by providing a construction method for tunnels on high slopes, which can reduce the amount of excavation, minimize damage to the natural environment of the mountain, avoid slope deformation and instability caused by prolonged exposure, and ensure the safe and smooth progress of the project; it can also avoid structural damage to the tunnels caused by water accumulation and inadequate backfilling.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A method for constructing a tunnel on a high slope includes the following steps:

[0007] S01. Excavation of the top of the tunnel;

[0008] The soil at the top of the shed is excavated according to the stable slope, and the slope is supported after excavation.

[0009] S02. Excavation of the soil on the right side of the tunnel, and temporary support for the right side;

[0010] S03. Excavation of the soil on the left side of the tunnel, carrying out initial support, advanced anchor bolt support, and temporary steel frame support on the left side;

[0011] The soil on the left side of the tunnel was excavated according to the outline, and the initial support, advanced anchor bolt support, and temporary steel frame support were carried out in sequence to ensure that the initial support formed a closed structure.

[0012] S04. After the left and right soil sections have been constructed to a certain length, pour the left tunnel structure and base slab structure.

[0013] S05. After the left-side tunnel structure reaches the required strength, construct temporary steel frame support two and dismantle the existing temporary steel frame support one.

[0014] S06. After the left-side tunnel structure has been constructed to a certain length, the right-side tunnel structure will be constructed.

[0015] S07. After the right-side tunnel structure reaches its strength, the temporary steel frame support 2 is removed, and the ancillary structures such as the water ditch, cable trench, and road surface inside the tunnel are constructed.

[0016] S08, Backfilling and counter-pressure at the top of the shed, top seepage prevention layer, drainage ditch, and landscaping construction.

[0017] Furthermore, in step S01, the slope support includes anchor bolts, shotcrete, and steel mesh.

[0018] Furthermore, in step S01, the slope support includes steel pipe piles, shotcrete, and steel mesh.

[0019] Furthermore, in step S01, the slope support is a combination of active and passive protection netting.

[0020] Furthermore, in step S02, the temporary support for the right side is constructed by setting up a grating steel frame and structural steel.

[0021] Furthermore, in step S03, the temporary steel frame support includes a horizontal steel frame 1 set at the bottom of the shed, an inclined steel frame 2 detachably connected to the bottom of the horizontal steel frame 1, and the top of the inclined steel frame 2 detachably connected to the top of the shed. The enclosed structure is composed of the left initial support, the advanced anchor bolt support, the horizontal steel frame 1 and the inclined steel frame 2 enclosing assembly.

[0022] Furthermore, in step S05, the temporary steel frame support two is a vertical steel frame set vertically inside the shed.

[0023] Furthermore, in step S03, the initial support for the left span includes system anchors, steel mesh, and initial steel frame.

[0024] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0025] In practical applications, the soil or rock at the top of the tunnel is excavated along a stable slope, and the slope is supported to reduce the amount of excavation and minimize damage to the natural environment of the mountain. Due to the reduced excavation, timely slope support prevents deformation and instability caused by prolonged exposure. The soil or rock on the left side of the tunnel is excavated along the outline, and temporary support and pre-anchoring are implemented along the excavation line. While ensuring the stability of the excavation line, no further excavation is needed on the left side of the tunnel, and backfilling of the tunnel sides is unnecessary, avoiding structural damage due to water accumulation and inadequate backfilling. This invention reduces excavation, minimizes damage to the natural environment of the mountain, prevents slope deformation and instability caused by prolonged exposure, and ensures the safe and smooth progress of the project. It also prevents structural damage to the tunnel caused by water accumulation and inadequate backfilling. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the method steps of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 These are structural diagrams of the present invention before and after construction;

[0028] Attached reference numerals: 1. Excavation of the top of the tunnel; 2. Slope protection; 3. Excavation of the right side of the tunnel; 4. Excavation of the left side of the tunnel; 5. Initial support for the left side; 61. Horizontal steel frame one; 62. Inclined steel frame two; 7. Structure of the left tunnel; 8. Bottom slab structure; 9. Temporary steel frame support two; 10. Structure of the right tunnel. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The following description is intended to disclose the invention and enable those skilled in the art to implement it. The preferred embodiments described below are merely examples, and other obvious variations will occur to those skilled in the art.

[0030] like Figure 1-2 As shown, a construction method for a tunnel under a high slope includes the following steps:

[0031] S01, Excavation of the top of the tunnel 1;

[0032] The soil at the top of the shed is excavated according to the stable slope, and the slope after excavation is supported 2;

[0033] S02, Excavation of the right side of the tunnel soil 3, and temporary support of the right side;

[0034] S03, Excavation of the soil on the left side of the tunnel; 4, Initial support of the left side; 5, Advance anchor support, temporary steel frame support;

[0035] The soil on the left side of the tunnel is excavated according to the outline, and the initial support 5, the advanced anchor support, and the temporary steel frame support 1 are carried out in sequence to ensure that the initial support forms a closed structure.

[0036] S04. After the left and right soil sections have been constructed to a certain length, pour the left tunnel structure 7 and the base slab structure 8.

[0037] S05. After the left-side tunnel structure 7 reaches the required strength, construct temporary steel frame support 2 9 and dismantle the existing temporary steel frame support 1.

[0038] S06. After the left-side tunnel structure 7 has been constructed to a certain length, construct the right-side tunnel structure 10.

[0039] After the right-side tunnel structure 10 reaches its strength, the temporary steel frame support 29 is removed, and the auxiliary structures such as the water ditch, cable trench, and road surface inside the tunnel are constructed.

[0040] S08, Backfilling and counter-pressure at the top of the shed, top seepage prevention layer, drainage ditch, and landscaping construction.

[0041] like Figure 1-2 As shown, in step S01, the slope support 2 includes anchor bolts, shotcrete, and steel mesh.

[0042] like Figure 1-2 As shown, in step S01, the slope support 2 includes steel pipe piles, shotcrete and steel mesh.

[0043] like Figure 1-2 As shown, in step S01, the slope support 2 is a combination of active and passive protection netting.

[0044] like Figure 1-2 As shown, in step S02, the temporary support for the right side is to set up a grid steel frame and steel sections.

[0045] like Figure 1-2 As shown, in step S03, the temporary steel frame support includes a horizontal steel frame 61 set at the bottom of the shed, an inclined steel frame 62 detachably connected to the bottom of the horizontal steel frame 61, and the top of the inclined steel frame 62 detachably connected to the top of the shed. The enclosed structure is composed of the left initial support 5, the advanced anchor bolt support, the horizontal steel frame 61 and the inclined steel frame 62.

[0046] like Figure 1-2 As shown, in step S05, the temporary steel frame support 29 is a vertical steel frame set vertically inside the shed.

[0047] like Figure 1-2 As shown, in step S03, the initial support 5 of the left span includes system anchors, steel mesh and initial steel frame.

[0048] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative examples illustrating the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains may make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to substitute them, without departing from the scope defined by the spirit of the invention.

Claims

1. A high slope bench and shed construction method, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S01, Excavation of the top of the shed (1); The soil at the top of the shed was excavated according to the stable slope, and the slope after excavation was supported (2); S02, Excavation of the soil on the right side of the tunnel (3), and temporary support for the right side; S03, Excavation of the soil on the left side of the tunnel (4), initial support of the left side (5), advance anchor support, temporary steel frame support one; The soil on the left side of the tunnel is excavated according to the outline, and the initial support (5), the advanced anchor bolt support, and the temporary steel frame support one are carried out in sequence to ensure that the initial support forms a closed structure. The temporary steel frame support one includes a horizontal steel frame one (61) set at the bottom of the tunnel, and an inclined steel frame two (62) detachably connected to the bottom of the horizontal steel frame one (61). The top of the inclined steel frame two (62) is detachably connected to the top of the tunnel. The closed structure is composed of the initial support (5), the advanced anchor bolt support, the horizontal steel frame one (61), and the inclined steel frame two (62). S04. After the left and right soil sections have been constructed to a certain length, pour the left tunnel structure (7) and the base slab structure (8). S05. After the left-side tunnel structure (7) reaches the required strength, construct temporary steel frame support 2 (9) and dismantle the existing temporary steel frame support 1. S06. After the left-side tunnel structure (7) has been constructed to a certain length, the right-side tunnel structure (10) will be constructed. After the right-side tunnel structure (10) reaches the required strength, the temporary steel frame support (9) is removed, and the auxiliary structures such as the water ditch, cable trench, and road surface inside the tunnel are constructed. S08, Backfilling and counter-pressure at the top of the shed, top seepage prevention layer, drainage ditch, and greening construction.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, In step S01, the slope support (2) includes anchor bolts, shotcrete and steel mesh.

3. The construction method for a tunnel on a high slope according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S01, the slope support (2) includes steel pipe piles, shotcrete and steel mesh.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein, In step S01, the slope support (2) is a main and passive protection net.

5. The construction method for a tunnel on a high slope according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S02, the temporary support for the right side is to install a grating steel frame and structural steel.

6. The construction method for a tunnel on a high slope according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S05, the temporary steel frame support (9) is a vertical steel frame set vertically inside the shed.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein, In step S03, the initial support (5) of the left side includes system anchors, steel mesh and initial steel frame.

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